Soil formation, or pedogenesis, is the combined effect of physical, chemical, biological, and anthropogenic processes on soil parent material.

土壤的形成，或成土作用，是综合效应的物理，化学，生物和人为过程对土壤母质。

The distribution of the heavy mental elements (HMEs) in eluvial horizons, illuvial horizons and parent material horizons of 26 agricultural soil profiles in Hainan Island was studied.

采用现场采样及室内分析测试方法,对海南岛26个农业土壤剖面淋溶层、淀积层、母质层中7种重金属元素的分布特征进行研究。