| 单词 | pre-Christian |
| 例句 | Although many commoners converted to Christianity, they held on to many aspects of their pre-Christian life. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Medieval sites were often associated with holy springs or wells that had been considered sacred in pre-Christian times. Good Masters! Sweet Ladies!: Voices from a Medieval Village 2007-07-24T00:00:00Z “In a sense, it is pre-Christian,” he explained. Class Matters 2005-09-02T00:00:00Z A short drive away, you’ll find the Hill of Tara — the most important center of political and religious power in pre-Christian Ireland. Beyond Dublin, a dazzling day trip 2017-05-09T04:00:00Z He said the tradition dated back to the pre-Christian era, though experts disagree on exactly where and when it began. Germany's skyscraping Santa, monsters top unusual Christmas celebrations 2016-12-19T05:00:00Z In his huge fresco, called the School of Athens, Raphael celebrated the great pre-Christian thinkers — a shocking break from Church tradition. Experiencing Italy’s Renaissance 2019-02-06T05:00:00Z Silbury Hill is an iron age manmade hill, and the long barrow is almost in its shadow – the whole area is full of these ancient pre-Christian sites. The sights and sounds of summer 2011-08-08T19:30:02Z On modern fashion, she is more an appreciator than an authority, but she is just as comfortable discoursing on pre-Christian shoes as on trolls. Mary Beard and Her ‘Battle Cry’ Against Internet Trolling 2016-04-16T04:00:00Z Ancient Egyptians adorned their homes with green date palm leaves; Romans observed Saturnalia by surrounding themselves with evergreen boughs; and the pre-Christian Druids hung mistletoe. The journey from seed to harvested Christmas tree is a long, winding road 2021-12-21T05:00:00Z Fujiwara's fictional art-market foundation is pointedly pre-Christian; he wants, he suggests, to reference a period before art was required to be "transcendental" or "moral" and link it to its strictly "commercialised" roots. Frieze art fair 2010 ? review 2010-10-16T23:06:00Z According to a blog post published by the MIR tour-company, sunflowers "in folk imagery represent the warmth and power of the sun, which was worshipped by pre-Christian Slavs." How sunflowers became a symbol of resistance across Ukraine and its allies 2022-03-04T05:00:00Z In the pre-Christian world, even the most standout specimen of humanity could get ensnared in the cogs of fate. A dazzling new book by David Guterson 2011-10-15T04:27:07Z His existence in the many churches of northern Europe, then, suggested a connection to a pre-Christian, spiritual relationship with the land, one we perhaps might still access. The Remarkable Persistence of the Green Man 2016-03-07T05:00:00Z When she did emerge, she impressed the other fellows with her knowledge of, as the journalist Hua Hsu recalled, “pre-Christian systems of faith to contemporary Marxist scholarship to basic internet culture.” ‘It Was Like I’d Never Done It Before’: How Sally Rooney Wrote Again 2021-08-28T04:00:00Z It was the perfect setting for Heilung, whose work over the past eight years has put a heavy metal twist on the music of pre-Christian Europe. The Sound of the Vikings, With a Heavy Metal Twist 2022-09-02T04:00:00Z The National Museum is an amazing enough deal for 5 lari — the highlight is the Archaeological Treasury, with its exquisitely crafted pre-Christian gold. A Cheapskate’s Cheatsheet to Tbilisi, Georgia 2015-04-01T04:00:00Z "One fanciful tale traces it to Western European, pre-Christian societies in which whoever found a coin or bean in a special cake was crowned King for the year," he said. The biblical story behind Mardi Gras' king cake and why you'll find a plastic baby inside 2022-03-01T05:00:00Z “Norse Mythology” is something a bit different for Gaiman: It's his rendering of 15 stories from what little remains of the pre-Christian Scandinavian myths that were recorded in and around the 13th century. Neil Gaiman wields Thor's hammer in 'Norse Mythology' 2017-02-02T05:00:00Z Since the 1980s, Neo-Pagans and Wiccans have revived the pre-Christian festival. 10 bewitching facts About Beltane, the ancient gaelic fire festival 2022-05-02T04:00:00Z And History’s “Vikings” is the tale of a very white space: the Viking age, pre-Christian Denmark of 1,000 years ago, where a person’s worth was measured by might. How do we learn to stop worrying and keep loving “Vikings”? 2016-11-26T05:00:00Z In early Christian Ireland, you find images of Christ which are clearly mixed with pre-Christian images of some other god. Fintan O'Toole on Ireland's transformation — and the reverse version now underway in America 2022-03-17T04:00:00Z In Acatlán, remnants of pre-Christian agricultural and fertility rites are added to the festivities. A new museum in the Yucatán celebrates the traditional clothing of Mexico 2020-01-16T05:00:00Z He becomes enamored with the island's customs and some of the residents' adherence to a pre-Christian religion, initially unaware of their more brutal practices. In HBO's creepy thriller "The Third Day," Jude Law makes grief the ultimate jump scare 2020-10-20T04:00:00Z To the south of Aleppo lie the ghostly remains of deserted Byzantine cities, and Aleppo itself is a storehouse of Islamic, pre-Christian and early Christian history. Letters: Syria – destination for tourism and torture 2012-07-08T20:00:11Z Their rituals draw primarily from pre-Christian Europe but often are aimed at supporting the activism of indigenous landholders. The Ultimate Guide to This Fabulous Summer 2018-07-18T04:00:00Z It is easy to idealize such an achievement and, indeed, Lorca himself did: he liked to dress as a Moor at the Alhambra, paying homage to Spain’s pre-Christian past. Exhibition Review: Temptations Found in Gardens of Islamic Delight 2011-05-20T23:27:00Z Perugia may not be as well known for its Etruscan roots as other central Italian towns, but traces of its pre-Christian past are everywhere. Etruscan Artifacts Looted by Amateurs Are Prize Objects 2013-07-05T21:58:28Z St. Michael was the Christian antidote to paganism, so it’s a good bet this church sits upon a pre-Christian religious site. England’s legendary towns of Glastonbury and Wells are peaceful, picturesque 2017-08-22T04:00:00Z When it comes to the peplum, costumes are less important than projecting the fantasy of a pre-Christian civilization. ‘Gods of Egypt’ and ‘Alexander the Great’: Let Me Polish That Breastplate 2016-07-28T04:00:00Z The artisanal side, especially for a dress made in straw from the corn dollies of an ancient, pre-Christian Europe, let a breath of nature into the impenetrably dark McQueen world. Special Report: Fashion: Camping It Up in Old Shanghai 2010-10-06T17:35:00Z Those folk traditions, from folk songs to fairytales to the remnants of pre-Christian pagan practices, were the “true” expression of a national spirit that had, supposedly, laid dormant for centuries. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Their interior and exterior decoration often depicted themes and images from the pre-Christian era, such as heroes from the sagas of the Vikings. World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z “She didn’t become a Christian until into her teens. And she would have inherited some of the folklore and some of the attributes of the pre-Christian goddess. And some of those are really lovely attributes.” Ireland celebrates ‘matron saint’ with prayers, new holiday 2023-02-01T05:00:00Z The pre-Christian Druids in England and Gaul brought holly boughs indoors so woodland spirits could safely shelter from the winter cold — hence the first holiday decorations. These jolly hollies take any shape you like and brighten winter days 2022-12-10T05:00:00Z Mr. Gimson described Mr. Johnson as a “pre-Christian figure,” though he noted that the prime minister issued a strikingly spiritual statement to mark Easter this year. Why Could Boris Johnson Marry in a Catholic Church? 2021-06-01T04:00:00Z “There are lots of theories about whether this is a reaction to the arrival of Christianity—one last hoorah to the pre-Christian way of doing things,” she says. Why this famed Anglo-Saxon ship burial was likely the last of its kind 2021-01-29T05:00:00Z Why would Christian clergy accept pre-Christian images to decorate their churches? World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z Describing itself as a religion practicing pre-Christian European spirituality, the Asatru Folk Assembly bought an old church in the Swift County town and wants to turn it into a Midwest regional gathering hall. Editorial Roundup: Excerpts from recent Minnesota editorials 2020-10-21T04:00:00Z The AFA is among groups that seek to practice a pre-Christian, European spirituality and, according to a statement on its website, it’s pro-white. Minnesota town residents oppose church listed as hate group 2020-10-15T04:00:00Z The AFA is among a growing number of groups that seek to practice a pre-Christian, European spirituality and according to statement on its website is unabashedly pro-white. Town residents oppose church identified as hate group 2020-10-15T04:00:00Z A large skull on the forearm and a cluster of smaller skulls leading to his shoulder are reminders of what he calls his “pre-Christian” past as a partyer and wild man. Pete Buttigieg wants to build a bridge to the religious right. But tension within his in-laws’ family highlights how difficult that may be. 2019-11-12T05:00:00Z Since then, she has heard that a kind of dreadlock was common among tribes living in Poland during pre-Christian times. Olga Tokarczuk’s Novels Against Nationalism 2019-07-29T04:00:00Z In the nonfiction world, Christian legend tells of St. George slaying a dragon, and that tale probably derives from pre-Christian stories. Here Be Dragons 2019-05-10T04:00:00Z Some suggest the figures depict a pre-Christian deity, others that they are a fertility symbol or a protection against evil. The naked women adorning Britain's churches 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z In pre-Christian times, festivals celebrating the end of harvest and start of winter probably took place in Wales. Halloween traditions unique to Wales 2018-10-29T04:00:00Z Originally set in the pre-Christian era of Britain and normally performed onstage at over three hours, the play takes on new life on the small screen. Anthony Hopkins gets crowned in Amazon's 'King Lear' - Los Angeles Times 2018-09-28T04:00:00Z The couple use cabinet-grade plywood with hemlock pine mouldings to fashion motifs in Gothic and pre-Christian European styles. Going Out in Style: Custom Caskets Bring Joy to Life’s Saddest Ritual 2018-01-25T05:00:00Z It’s a tradition that originated in pre-Christian times, when dancers wearing colored costumes or animal furs went from house to house in villages, singing and dancing to ward off evil. AP PHOTOS: Bear dance ritual connects Romania with the past 2018-01-05T05:00:00Z Dating back over two thousand years, the true origin of the pre-Christian tradition is heavily disputed by scholars. Inside an Ancient Pagan Ritual That Makes Men Become Monsters 2017-10-06T04:00:00Z At the top is the word “Powershift,” with a pre-Christian style of cross embedded in a circle. Controversial police T-shirt leads to dismissal in D.C. gun case 2017-08-05T04:00:00Z Yet there is no evidence that Christians intentionally borrowed the cross from pre-Christian cultic symbols. Opinion | Five myths about the cross 2017-04-14T04:00:00Z The writings of the pre-Christian prophets and saints are often, though not always insipid. The Scrolls from the Dead Sea 1955-05-06T04:00:00Z But he also invoked Evola’s idea of a prehistoric and pre-Christian spirituality — referring to the awakening of whites, whom he called the Children of the Sun. Taboo Italian Thinker Is Enigma to Many, but Not to Bannon 2017-02-10T05:00:00Z To be clear, the idea that the Earth was flat was a pre-Christian Nordic one that didn’t survive much longer than the Christianization of Scandinavia in the 9th through 12th centuries. Five myths about the Middle Ages 2016-09-22T04:00:00Z The tradition of cursing is deep-seated in Irish culture, dating back to pre-Christian times. A fresh chance to banish the curse of Mayo - BBC News 2016-09-15T04:00:00Z Meanwhile, Mr Pendragon also told the BBC he planned to seek a change in the law to better protect pre-Christian human remains. Stonehenge druid King Arthur resurrects remains battle - BBC News 2015-12-01T05:00:00Z It has been dated by various authorities from some time early in the second pre-Christian century to some time toward the end of the first century A.D. The Scrolls from the Dead Sea 1955-05-06T04:00:00Z I’m not surprised, because my orientation is so fixed in the pre-Christian era. Camille Paglia takes on Jon Stewart, Trump, Sanders: “Liberals think of themselves as very open-minded, but that’s simply not true!” 2015-07-29T04:00:00Z A California pagan group went so far as to file a lawsuit seeking to bury the skeleton in a pre-Christian Norse ceremony. New DNA Results Show Kennewick Man Was Native American 2015-06-18T04:00:00Z Deaccessioning and demands for UK pre-Christian bones to be reburied led to a wider discomfort with the display of all human remains. Richard III burial: Should his remains stay on display? 2015-03-25T04:00:00Z Supposedly, it was burned in pre-Christian Britain by white-cloaked druids who cut sprigs of the plant from oaks to mark the solstice. Latest News: Torture Prosecutions, Hong Kong Protests, California Storm 2014-12-11T05:00:00Z In the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs—assigned by Charles to the end of the second pre-Christian century—meekness and mercy are emphasized almost to the same degree that they are in the Gospels themselves. The Scrolls from the Dead Sea 1955-05-06T04:00:00Z Prince Hall lodges thus became a forum where pre-Christian knowledge could mix freely with black liberation theories and remnants of African religions. The secret history of the jazz greats who were freemasons 2014-07-02T04:00:00Z Fast forward to act three, and we see the death of Oedipus, in what the composer describes as "a kind of pre-Christian transfiguration". ENO's retelling of Oedipus tragedy 2014-05-04T13:07:55Z The history of Tara is, to a great extent, the history of ancient Ireland of pre-Christian times. Beauties and Antiquities of Ireland 2012-04-23T02:00:32.180Z How much all this reminds us of the universality of the symbol in pre-Christian times. The Masculine Cross A History of Ancient and Modern Crosses and Their Connection with the Mysteries of Sex Worship; Also an Account of the Kindred Phases of Phallic Faiths and Practices 2012-04-11T02:00:31.327Z And there are also unmistakable resemblances between all these pre-Christian or non-Christian writings and certain works that had once been accepted as part of the Christian canon but were later rejected from it. The Scrolls from the Dead Sea 1955-05-06T04:00:00Z Hegesippus regards it as a pre-Christian heresy combated already by James. The Making of the New Testament 2012-03-30T02:00:20.917Z The righteous spirits of the pre-Christian ages are seen by him, though222 in the Inferno, yet in a place open, luminous, and high, walking upon the "green enamel." Modern Painters. Vol. III (of V) Containing Part IV. Of Many Things 2012-02-20T03:00:15.843Z Dearest dear Child,— First place, darling, dismiss from your mind the idea that reasonable people to-day believe that the souls of men in the pre-Christian world were condemned and lost. Julia Ward Howe 1819-1910 2012-01-24T03:00:23.377Z The cross, as a device in different forms, and often enclosed in a circle, is of frequent occurrence on coins and medals of pre-Christian date in France and elsewhere. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 7 "Crocoite" to "Cuba" 2012-01-22T03:00:24.397Z It is probable that the glass drinking-vessels, which have been found in pre-Christian Anglo-Saxon tombs, were introduced from Germany. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 1 "Gichtel, Johann" to "Glory" 2012-01-11T03:00:20.463Z Figure 14 is a symbol frequently seen in Greek churches, but appears to be of pre-Christian origin.* Ancient Pagan and Modern Christian Symbolism With an Essay on Baal Worship, On The Assyrian Sacred "Grove," And Other 2012-01-05T03:00:28.663Z But their supreme god during the pre-Christian era was not Khaldis, but the Persian Ormuzd, which indicates that the Persians exercised an even greater influence. Armenian Legends and Festivals 2011-11-26T03:00:13.237Z The following is, perhaps, more curious than our previous quotations, as it tells of the pre-Christian antiquity of a common Romish custom:— 264. Ancient Faiths And Modern A Dissertation upon Worships, Legends and Divinities 2011-11-24T03:00:37.917Z Indeed, objects marked with pre-Christian crosses are to be seen in every important museum. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 7 "Crocoite" to "Cuba" 2012-01-22T03:00:24.397Z The custom of saying grace, which obtained in pre-Christian times among the Jews, Greeks and Romans, and was adopted universally by Christian peoples, is probably less widespread in private houses than it used to be. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 3 "Gordon, Lord George" to "Grasses" 2011-11-13T03:00:13.177Z Residents in Worcester, Mass., also have looked with curiosity as hundreds of recently resettled Iraqi refugees, who practice the pre-Christian Mandaean religion, hold early morning baptisms in Lake Quisigamond. Arab Christians, religious minorities reshaping various US enclaves after fleeing Middle East 2011-11-10T09:19:37Z Of the monuments, as well pre-Christian as Christian, in these islands, there are twenty-one, vested in the secretary of the Commissioners of Public Works in Ireland, to be preserved as national monuments. The South Isles of Aran 2011-10-26T02:00:28.363Z The survival of pre-Christian feeling, which appeared as indifferentism among the educated classes, took a very different shape among the lower strata of society. The Byzantine Empire 2011-10-16T02:00:16.630Z To return to ancient times, we find an absorbingly interesting link with pre-Christian days sculptured on one of the panels which decorate the interior of the Arch of Titus. Cathedral Cities of Italy 2011-10-12T02:00:42.597Z Although the subject is in origin pre-Christian, it was in connection with Christian theology that it assumed an important place in European thinking. Determinism or Free-Will? 2011-09-10T02:00:27.557Z It has been the principal agent in the slow growth of “nobler manners, purer laws” which give the characteristic stamp to modern as contrasted with pre-Christian nations. The Expositor's Bible: Colossians and Philemon 2011-09-09T02:01:07.157Z Gawain, however, belonged to the pre-Christian stage of Grail tradition, and it is not surprising that writers, bent on spiritual edification, found him somewhat of a stumbling-block. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z This church of Saint Apollinaris contains a chapel specially dedicated to the saint, which sums up that curious impression of Hellenic pre-Christian cheerfulness. Limbo and Other Essays To which is now added Ariadne in Mantua 2011-08-25T02:00:33.233Z This custom probably comes to us from pre-Christian times. Ulster Folklore 2011-08-25T02:00:26.683Z Indeed it indicated that the memorial was a palimpsest—a pre-Christian pillar-stone transformed at a later age to its present significance. A West Country Pilgrimage 2011-08-05T02:00:48.947Z There is much of this in pre-Christian literature, and its entrance into the life and thought of modern Europe can be traced directly back to Greek and Roman sources. A Grammar of Freethought 2011-07-30T02:00:13.083Z Whether of the Christian or pre-Christian dispensation, so far as they advocate non-resistance it cannot be unlimited, because their religious aim is not merely individual but social. Religion and the War 2011-07-18T02:00:22.307Z The rare volumes of history, philosophy and poetry were reduced to ashes, that they might not live to bear witness to the greatness of the pre-Christian world. How the Bible was Invented A Lecture Delivered Before the Independent Religious Society 2011-07-07T02:00:31.270Z I have felt the whole chain of divine consolation which those historic words express, and which link the prophet of pre-Christian times to the saints and sinners of to-day. Modern Society 2011-06-23T02:00:27.897Z It is clear that in many respects fairyland corresponds to the pre-Christian abode of the dead. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 2 "Fairbanks, Erastus" to "Fens" 2011-06-19T02:00:16.580Z But its roots as a holiday stretch back to pre-Christian pagan festivals, and the Gaelic Beltane. The politics of bank holidays 2011-04-29T10:56:49Z If, indeed, the duty in question be that of forbearance, all great religious teachers, whether of Christian or pre-Christian times, will be at one. Religion and the War 2011-07-18T02:00:22.307Z The procession has its origins in pre-Christian times, when it was believed to protect plants from evil spirits. In pictures 2011-04-24T16:02:58Z But nothing turns upon this interpolation, so that it is likely that even the present form of the legend is pre-Christian—i. e., for Ireland, pre-Patrician, before the fifth century. Celtic Folk and Fairy Tales 2011-04-15T02:00:15.367Z "Watering of the Girls" is a tribal fertility ritual rooted in the area's pre-Christian past and is thought to date back to the 2nd century AD. Day in pictures 2011-04-14T12:08:52Z The private family has been and is the unit of society in naturalism, i.e. in the pre-Christian, pagan state. History of American Socialisms 2011-03-28T02:00:20.967Z Interesting memorials of these devout missionaries exist in the numerous coast caves between Dysart and St Andrews and in the crosses and sculptured stones, some doubtless of pre-Christian origin, to be seen at various places. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 3 "Fenton, Edward" to "Finistere" 2011-03-14T03:01:00.580Z For nine centuries—that period of time being divided almost equally between the pre-Christian and Christian eras—they were the Palladium of Greek Paganism. The Eleusinian Mysteries and Rites 2011-01-28T03:00:23.447Z He is an adherent of Theodism, a neo-pagan faith that draws from pre-Christian tribal religions of northern Europe, and he led a branch in the New York area. Evidence Is Elusive on Charge of a Blizzard Work Slowdown 2011-01-26T03:30:18Z The sacred character ascribed to a great number of wells or springs both in England and Scotland may be traced back, in numerous instances, to pagan rites observed at them in pre-Christian ages. Bygone Church Life in Scotland 2011-01-14T03:00:48.713Z There is no doubt, therefore, that the legend is a genuine echo of the religion of pre-Christian Ireland, in which reincarnation appears to have been clearly inculcated and was probably the common belief. The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries 2011-01-06T03:00:47.543Z Dressed in costumes and swathed in bear furs, youngsters perform ritual dances that date from pre-Christian times in Comanesti, northern Romania. Day in pictures 2010-12-30T22:46:30Z The so-called “bee-hive” cell, which goes back to pre-Christian times, was built of rough stone rubble without mortar, and roofed in the same manner by corbelling over the courses of masonry. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" Jubilees is the most advanced pre-Christian representative of the midrashic tendency, which was already at work in the Old Testament 1 and 2 Chronicles. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" The pre-Christian oath might be by one or more of the elements, powers or phenomena of nature, as the sun, moon, water, night, day, sea, land. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 4 "Bradford, William" to "Brequigny, Louis" In pre-Christian times it was probably one of the Cornish sacred spots for the celebration of ancient rites—probably in honour of the Sun—and for divination. The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries 2011-01-06T03:00:47.543Z Slavery was so large a factor in pre-Christian and early Christian society that a word should be said on its relation to charity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 8 "Chariot" to "Chatelaine" History.—The original ethnology and pre-Christian history of the Channel Islands are largely matters of conjecture and debate. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The book, therefore, may go back to pre-Christian times. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" Perhaps rue was used in sprinkling, because in pre-Christian times rue had, by itself, power against sprites and powers of evil. Custom and Myth New Edition All the numerous variations of Otherworld tales now extant in Celtic literature show a common pre-Christian origin, though almost all of them have been coloured by Christian ideas about heaven, hell, and purgatory. The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries 2011-01-06T03:00:47.543Z Literary Records.—In estimating the sources of information regarding pre-Christian Egypt, the native sources, first opened to us by Champollion, are infinitely the most important. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 1 "Edwardes" to "Ehrenbreitstein" Strange to say, however, this extensive propaganda of the Alexandrian Jews during the two or three pre-Christian centuries left few traces in the history and literature of Palestinian Judaism. Jewish Theology The creed in all its forms lies behind worship, which it preserves from idolatry, and behind ethics, to which it supplies a motive power which the pre-Christian system so manifestly lacked. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" Imperialism or anarchy must necessarily follow such a Republic as Rome had become in the closing century of the pre-Christian era. Roman Women It ought now to be clear that both pre-Christian and Christian exorcisms among Celts have shaped the Fairy-Faith in a very fundamental manner. The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries 2011-01-06T03:00:47.543Z Both are descendants of Romanized Dacians or Thracians of the pre-Christian era. Area Handbook for Albania The highest point reached in the evolution of pre-Christian prayer is when the gods, as knowing best what is good, are petitioned simply for things good. An Introduction to the Study of Comparative Religion It also supplies a reason for including in our survey of creeds some reference to pre-Christian hymns and beliefs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" The standpoint is that of the peculiar Judaizing or Ebonite Christianity due to persistence among Christians of the tendencies known among pre-Christian Jews as Essene. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" This may be of pre-Christian origin, but does not contradict any article of the Christian faith. The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries 2011-01-06T03:00:47.543Z Additions and modifications, beginning in the pre-Christian era, were made as a result of foreign contacts. Area Handbook for Albania Here again, in some instances the pre-Christian elements so asserted themselves as to obscure the new and distinctive teaching. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" The use of the ring is probably of pre-Christian antiquity. The Church Handy Dictionary We have the servile ornament, in which the executive is absolutely subjected to the inventive,—the ornament of the great Eastern nations, more especially Hamite, and all pre-Christian, yet thoroughly noble in its submissiveness. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) She runs riot in a number of the Gnostic systems both pre-Christian and post-Christian. Five Stages of Greek Religion You use Easter eggs like the pre-Christian religionists. Flowers of Freethought (Second Series) The position of supremacy in the angel world, assigned by pre-Christian righteous men to Michael, is really held by the Son of God. Landmarks in the History of Early Christianity It belongs to a pre-Christian and pagan age. The Social Principles of Jesus The pagan beliefs respecting the hostile powers of the sea found expression in old words handed down from a pre-Christian epoch. Literary Tours in The Highlands and Islands of Scotland The lines were closer to those of the pre-Christian than of the Catholic world, but it would be by no means true to call them pagan. Progress and History Thus was established a monolatry which was practically monotheism, though a theory of absolute monotheism was never formulated by the pre-Christian Jews. Introduction to the History of Religions Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume IV In pre-Christian times it might have been argued that the gods were offended with the people, so thickly did disasters fall upon them, but my neighbours seemed unaware of anything abnormal in the circumstances. Change in the Village The all-important conception in the Johannine writings is that salvation is secured by the union of the individual soul with the eternal Christ, or Logos, or Divine Man of pre-Christian thought and experience. The New Theology The Romaic idea of the place of the dead, the garden of Charon, whence "neither in spring or summer, nor when grapes are gleaned in autumn, can warrior or maiden escape," is likewise pre-Christian. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" But Botticelli and Perugino, as pre-Christian; nor only as pre-Christian, but as the foundation of Christianity. Ariadne Florentina Six Lectures on Wood and Metal Engraving After the sixth century B.C. we hear nothing of consultation of the dead by the pre-Christian Jews. Introduction to the History of Religions Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume IV These identities were thus regarded as the work of devils, copies of the Christian originals, largely circulated in the pre-Christian world with the object of prejudicing the reception of the truth when it came. Esoteric Christianity, or The Lesser Mysteries Thus we may extract out of this Homeric account something more than divine license; it has indeed a wonderful pre-Christian suggestiveness, and gives a glimpse of the movement of Universal Religion. Homer's Odyssey A Commentary The petitions for our daily bread, for forgiveness of sins, and for delivery from evil, had as their basis, in pre-Christian religions, man's desire. The Idea of God in Early Religions He who defines "the myth of creation," or "the poetical story of Samson," as parts of the pre-Christian Judaic religion, exhibits a total loss of historical sense. The Approach to Philosophy In this pre-Christian mysticism we find the soil in which Christianity throve, as a germ of quite independent nature. Christianity As Mystical Fact And The Mysteries of Antiquity He turned away with strong aversion from his pre-Christian life as something condemned and lost; and he delighted to attribute all that he was and did to the influence of Christ alone. The Preacher and His Models The Yale Lectures on Preaching 1891 Perhaps that word will not be used, any more than its Greek equivalent, αἰδὼς, that noble pre-Christian ethical term which lay ready and waiting to be glorified by the Gospel. To My Younger Brethren Chapters on Pastoral Life and Work This was a feature peculiar to the zealots of early Christianity, found in only a slight degree among their Jewish predecessors in the annual pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and almost wholly wanting in other pre-Christian peoples. The Hindu-Arabic Numerals Gregory was taught as a Catholic, but he was taught also in classical grammar, composition, rhetoric, and the writings of the great Romans—pre-Christian, as well as of later days. The Church and the Barbarians Being an Outline of the History of the Church from A.D. 461 to A.D. 1003 This point of view makes it possible to understand Christianity in its independent being, even though its evolution is traced from pre-Christian mysticism. Christianity As Mystical Fact And The Mysteries of Antiquity Paul could claim that even in his pre-Christian days he had lived in all good conscience towards both God and man. The Preacher and His Models The Yale Lectures on Preaching 1891 In the last pre-Christian and the first two post-Christian centuries, however, there were several writers, portions of whose works have survived and are of great biological importance. The Legacy of Greece Essays By: Gilbert Murray, W. R. Inge, J. Burnet, Sir T. L. Heath, D'arcy W. Thompson, Charles Singer, R. W. Livingston, A. Toynbee, A. E. Zimmern, Percy Gardner, Sir Reginald Blomfield Doubtless, there is in it a pre-Christian mystery which recalls the Saturnalian feasts or some rout of the Bacchanals. The Devil's Pool Paul proves this by taking a vast survey of the history of mankind in pre-Christian times in its two great sections—the Gentile and the Jewish. The Life of St. Paul If this point of view be overlooked, it is very possible to misunderstand that independent character, and to think that Christianity was merely a further development of what already existed in pre-Christian mysticism. Christianity As Mystical Fact And The Mysteries of Antiquity In the pre-Christian period, social clubs existed for the purpose of people having meals together, helping one another, and providing burial funds. Outlines of Greek and Roman Medicine In poetry they have at all times found a noble expression; and in modern days a perhaps still completer expression in music, which was in pre-Christian days in a very rudimentary condition. The Legacy of Greece Essays By: Gilbert Murray, W. R. Inge, J. Burnet, Sir T. L. Heath, D'arcy W. Thompson, Charles Singer, R. W. Livingston, A. Toynbee, A. E. Zimmern, Percy Gardner, Sir Reginald Blomfield Without saying anything more of its tremendous essence, it is very necessary to note why even pre-Christian Rome was regarded as something mystical for long afterwards by all European men. A Short History of England It can be traced back to pre-Christian times, and appears to be the ancient religion of Western Europe. The Witch-cult in Western Europe A Study in Anthropology This revelation bears the same relation to ordinary Christianity as was borne by the revelation of the Mysteries, in pre-Christian times, to the people's religion. Christianity As Mystical Fact And The Mysteries of Antiquity Ecclesiastic historians have a notorious habit of viewing pre-Christian times for the single biased purpose of only stating the aspects of that civilization which they deemed inferior to that exerted by Christianity. The Necessity of Atheism Undoubtedly it dates from remote pre-Christian times, and yet the tale is associated with modern ideas, and modes of expression. Welsh Folk-Lore a Collection of the Folk-Tales and Legends of North Wales The sun and the moon, which figured prominently in it, probably appealed to the old pre-Christian nature-worship of the Slavs. Twenty Years Of Balkan Tangle This is also suggested by the importance, in the cult, of the early-spring festival of Candlemas; a festival which has long been recognized as of pre-Christian origin. The Witch-cult in Western Europe A Study in Anthropology The conviction of the pre-Christian Mystic was that to him was given knowledge of the divine, while the people were obliged to have faith in its expression in images. Christianity As Mystical Fact And The Mysteries of Antiquity He is the most manly man of pre-Christian civilizations. A Hero and Some Other Folks In no part of Aristides' Apology is there any mention of the pre-Christian appearance of the Logos. History of Dogma, Volume 2 (of 7) With these cautions and reservations we must now try to trace the connection between present-day or recent goings-on about Christmas-time and the festival practices of pre-Christian Europe. Christmas in Ritual and Tradition, Christian and Pagan In pre-Christian times, as we have seen, the Roman Collegia were wont to adopt pagan deities as patrons. The Builders A Story and Study of Masonry Many people of the present day have fallen into this error, comparing the content of Christianity with pre-Christian conceptions, and then thinking that Christian ideas were only a continuation of the former. Christianity As Mystical Fact And The Mysteries of Antiquity In these pre-Christian days Vesuvius, then known as Monte Somma, was not known to be a volcano, it never having shown any trace of eruption. Outlines of the Earth's History A Popular Study in Physiography It would also be nothing more than natural that many elements in the Lives should be survivals from more ancient mythologies, having their roots in pre-Christian beliefs. The Latin & Irish Lives of Ciaran Translations Of Christian Literature. Series V. Lives Of The Celtic Saints At the close of this book, when such relics have been studied, we may have gained some idea of what went on upon these pre-Christian holy-days. Christmas in Ritual and Tradition, Christian and Pagan Most of it was the product of pre-Christian Judaism, and seemed to have been composed in times of great national excitement. Roman Mosaics Or, Studies in Rome and Its Neighbourhood In a communication to the Russian Geographical Society, M. Pogodin makes the statement, that there still exist a synagogue and a cemetery in the Crimea that belong to the pre-Christian era. The Haskalah Movement in Russia The city of Naples, which lies amid the vents, though not immediately in contact with any of them, has steadfastly grown and prospered from the pre-Christian times. Outlines of the Earth's History A Popular Study in Physiography It is possibly suggested by Matt, xxi, 28; but it may also be a pre-Christian folk-tale adapted to the new Faith by substituting a saint for a druid. The Latin & Irish Lives of Ciaran Translations Of Christian Literature. Series V. Lives Of The Celtic Saints There can be little doubt that the Innocents’ Day beating is a survival of a pre-Christian custom. Christmas in Ritual and Tradition, Christian and Pagan In approaching a subject such as fairy-lore, it is necessary to prepare the mind of the reader to go back to days not merely pre-Christian but even pre-national. The Sources and Analogues of 'A Midsummer-night's Dream' The Ollamh ranked, with royalty, and was permitted six—another of the many proofs of extraordinary veneration for learning in pre-Christian Erinn. An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800 This edifice was constructed in pre-Christian times for the worship of the Egyptian god Serapis, whose intervention was sought by sick people. Outlines of the Earth's History A Popular Study in Physiography The Ogham alphabet was in use in Ireland in pre-Christian times, and many sepulchral inscriptions in it still remain. The High Deeds of Finn and other Bardic Romances of Ancient Ireland So many are these superstitions, so “bewitched” is the time, that the older mythologists not unnaturally saw in it a Teutonic festal season, dating from pre-Christian days. Christmas in Ritual and Tradition, Christian and Pagan It was a pre-Christian force which drove them all into agreement upon the twenty-fifth of December. The Feast of St. Friend That the Irish possessed this musical instrument in pre-Christian times, cannot be doubted. An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800 We shall fill up their places with our own surplus population, as the Teuton races colonised England in the old pre-Christian days. When William Came Yet is religion in these books not dead, but sleeping; to wake again in the Upanishads with a fuller spiritual life than is found in any other pre-Christian system. The Religions of India Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume 1, Edited by Morris Jastrow Perhaps an explanation of the “horsiness” of the day might be sought in some pre-Christian sacrifice of steeds. Christmas in Ritual and Tradition, Christian and Pagan In assigning a date to text or monument they have, of course, to be guided by one of the pre-Christian Indian eras, whether inferentially, or otherwise. Five Years of Theosophy But the student of Irish pre-Christian annals may be content to commence with solid foundation as early as seven centuries before Christ. An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800 These mystery religions were widely current in the Græco-Roman world in pre-Christian times. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family Perhaps rue was used in sprinkling, because in pre-Christian times rue had, by itself, power against sprites and powers of evil. Custom and Myth He was a child of the old pre-Christian scriptures; of the earlier, not of the later prophets. John Knox and the Reformation Such writers and thinkers as Muro evidently was might not improperly be called the pre-Christian Christians of Japan. Evolution Of The Japanese, Social And Psychic The "inventors" of the pre-Christian history of Ireland, who accomplished their task "from the tenth to the twelfth century," are certainly complimented at the expense of the saints who Christianized Ireland. An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800 In the pre-Christian world there were manifold aims and manifold ways and means. The Religious Spirit of the Slavs (1916) Sermons On Subjects Suggested By The War, Third Series The doctrines of the mediation, and the divinity of Christ, and of the immortality of the soul, are as pre-Christian as the symbols which we have examined. The Freethinker's Text Book, Part II. Christianity: Its Evidences, Its Origin, Its Morality, Its History In either case the Gnostic tradition is shown to be pre-Christian. Simon Magus He speaks of the remains as those of probably the most remarkable of the pre-Christian cemeteries of Ireland. A Philological Essay Concerning the Pygmies of the Ancients The amusements of the pre-Christian Celt were, undeniably, intellectual. An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800 They hold, it would appear, to the pre-Christian notion that prosperity is an obvious mark of God's favour, and that by the accumulation of wealth they are giving indisputable evidence of piety. Our Lady Saint Mary Two great teachers of the doctrine of the "Logos," the "Word," of God, stand out in pre-Christian times—the Greek Plato and the Jewish Philo. The Freethinker's Text Book, Part II. Christianity: Its Evidences, Its Origin, Its Morality, Its History A tall thin priest of the old pre-Christian Nippur, about forty years of age, and clad in a simple abba, led me to the treasure-chamber of the temple, on its south-east side. The Book of Dreams and Ghosts In pre-Christian times they roamed all over Germany, and were, and still are, larger, fiercer, and much lighter colored than the American buffalo. The Secret Memoirs of the Courts of Europe: William II, Germany; Francis Joseph, Austria-Hungary, Volume I. (of 2) Here we have six distinct "takings," invasions, or colonizations of Ireland in pre-Christian times. An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800 For who dare say in such a place what leavings-over there may not be from times pre-Christian and remote, when mighty Rome ruled, and the ancient gods bore sway over that radiant coast? Deadham Hard In them prevails all the pre-Christian manner of thought and of feeling; in them rude strength has not as yet been softened by chivalry. The German Classics of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, Volume 06 Masterpieces of German Literature Translated into English. in Twenty Volumes If, however, the previous version used by him was due to a pre-Christian Jew, this may have smoothed the way for its acceptance among Christians. The Three Additions to Daniel, a Study It has been shown that the pre-Christian metalwork of Ireland is well worthy of attention, but it is to the early Christian metalworkers that Ireland owes her pre-eminent fame in this field. The Glories of Ireland In pre-Christian days especially, the penalty attaching to the curse of a Bard was understood to carry with it a sort of natural anathema, not unlike the priestly anathema of later times. The Story of Ireland Twice it has been corrupted, in the pre-Christian period by idolatry, which proceeded from the Egyptian worship of the dead, in the period after Christ by the love of miracle and blind reverence for authority. History of Modern Philosophy From Nicolas of Cusa to the Present Time But it is a disputed point; and certainly in the case of the Vedas and pre-Christian literature arising out of them even Jewish influence was impossible. Pantheism, Its Story and Significance Religions Ancient and Modern For, as we shall see in the chapters to come, there was a pre-Christian cross, which was, like ours, a symbol of Life. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion In the pre-Christian period the Druid was the chief representative of the learning of the race. The Glories of Ireland Ancient writers tell us of some efforts in pre-Christian days toward the institutional care of the sick. Home Missions in Action The pre-Christian period of Irish history presents difficulties from which the corresponding period in the histories of other countries is free. Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. This applies to all pre-Christian times and to all heathen lands. Expositions of Holy Scripture Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, and First Book of Samuel, Second Samuel, First Kings, and Second Kings chapters I to VII The word sustauroō does not occur in pre-Christian writings, and only five times in the Bible against the forty-four times of the word next to be dealt with. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion Unlike the natives of Britain and Scotland, the Irish in pre-Christian times were not brought into contact with Roman institutions or Roman culture. The Glories of Ireland That represents a state of feeling that is decidedly pre-Christian. Celtic Fairy Tales Seclusion was the best thing that the most intellectual pre-Christian republic could give to its honorable women. Woman and the Republic — a Survey of the Woman-Suffrage Movement in the United States and a Discussion of the Claims and Arguments of Its Foremost Advocates We will trace its complete character another day; just now we are only concerned with this pre-Christian form of the letter T, insisted upon in the lines of chapels. Mornings in Florence That there was a pre-Christian cross, and that it was, like ours, a Symbol of Life, is generally admitted. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion But the cross was a religious emblem of the greatest antiquity, both in Syria and Egypt, and baptism was a pre-Christian rite. The Naturalist in Nicaragua Moreover, the pre-Christian stories of similar resurrections lived to an old age,—two or three thousand years—before they died, and the story of Jesus' resurrection has yet to prove its ability to live longer. The Truth about Jesus : Is He a Myth? He was a middle-aged man, become prematurely old because he had lived too fast in his pre-Christian days, or so report said. Smith and the Pharaohs, and other Tales In the pre-Christian days the work of the poet and sculptor taught a kind of history in the statues of the pagan divinities. Caesar's Column All the foregoing references to the origin of the so-called monogram as a Pagan symbol of pre-Christian date, are but speculations however. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion The evidence of the Naassene document places this beyond any shadow of doubt, and is of inestimable value as establishing a link between pre-Christian, and Christian, Mystery tradition. From Ritual to Romance I now ask leave to discuss the evidence for an early pre-Christian belief in a primal Creator, held by the Indian tribes from Plymouth, in New England, to Roanoke Island, off Southern Virginia. Myth, Ritual and Religion — Volume 1 To go into a disquisition on the Sex-rites of the various pre-Christian religions would be 'a large order'—larger than I could attempt to fill; but the general facts in this connection are fairly patent. Pagan and Christian creeds: their origin and meaning The ideas are mainly pre-Christian; the Brig o’ Dread occurs in Islamite and Iroquois belief, and in almost all mythologies the souls have to cross a River. A Collection of Ballads The revival of this pre-Christian symbol, and the prominence given to it upon the coins of the Roman Empire, are, however, traceable. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion Students of the subject are well aware that the tradition of ancient pre-Christian rites and ceremonies lingered on in the East long after they had been banished by the more practical genius of the West. From Ritual to Romance Most pre-Christian religions had their "zoomorphic" or partially zoomorphic idols, gods in the shape of the lower animals, or with the heads and necks of the lower animals. Myth, Ritual and Religion — Volume 1 If, continuing our journey eastwards, we pass over the border into the northern provinces of Italy, we find equally striking evidence of the pre-Christian veneration of the symbol in question. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion Let us take for example the evidence furnished by the remarkable discoveries made in the pre-Christian cemetery unearthed at Gola-Secca. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion Even the Fathers of the Christian Church admitted that their ideas of the Son of God and of the cross being his symbol, were more or less derived from pre-Christian philosophers. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion But the pre-Christian cult of the cross was not confined to Savoy and the environs of Lyons. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion Suffice it to record the fact that these relics are admittedly pre-Christian. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion Upon the articles in question, as on those discovered in the pre-Christian tombs of Gola-Secca, the cross is stamped as a symbol of life, of good omen, and of salvation. The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion It is equally disingenuous on the part of us Christians to keep in the background the noteworthy fact that even in pre-Christian ages the symbol of that hope was—the cross. 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