On top of that we have a conjugate acid and a conjugate base.

除此之外，我们有共轭酸和共轭碱。

We call them strong acids, and the conjugate base is a weak base.

我们称它们为强酸， 共轭碱是弱碱。

For every acid, there is a conjugate base and for every base there is a conjugate acid.

每一种酸都有一个共轭碱， 每一种碱都有一个共轭酸。

So if an acid comes along the conjugate base is going to eat that up and keep it at a pH of 7.4.

所以如果酸和共轭碱一起出现，它会吃掉它，并保持在 7.4 的 pH 值。

A buffer solution is a mixture of a weak acid plus its conjugate base, or a weak base plus it's conjugate acid.

缓冲溶液是弱酸加上它的共轭碱， 或弱碱加上它的共轭酸的混合物。

To make the solution a buffer we need to increase the concentration of acetic acids conjugate base, acetate, by adding sodium acetate to it. That would be a good way.

为了使溶液成为缓冲液，我们需要通过向其中添加乙酸钠来增加乙酸共轭碱（乙酸盐）的浓度。那不失为一个好办法。