The resulting complex thoughts gave him a survival advantage.

结果这些复杂思维给了他生存上的优势。

So shorter back legs gave a survival advantage.

因此，较短的后肢提供了生存优势。

The discovery of cheese gave Neolithic people an enormous survival advantage.

奶酪的发现使得新石器时代的人们有了更多的生存的优势。

Genes that result in a greater variety of immunities may give offspring a major survival advantage.

基因造成的免疫力的巨大差异可能会给后代以重要的生存优势。

Milgram believed that humans evolved the capacity to organize into social hierarchies because it was a huge survival advantage.

米尔格伦相信人之所以进化出有组织社会等级的能力，是因为阶级对生存有利。

What survival advantages might complete metamorphosis provide to make up for the added hassle?

完全变态可以提供哪些生存优势来弥补额外的麻烦？

It has certainly been true in the past that what we call intelligence and scientific discovery have conveyed a survival advantage.

在过去，我们所谓的智力和科学发现确实传达了生存优势。

Organisms like other microbes and fungi have evolved over millions of years to live in competitive environments — meaning they often contain antibiotic compounds to give them a survival advantage over certain bacteria.

像细菌、真菌这样的微生物已经进化了数百万年才在残酷的自然界中生存下来——意味着其体内通常含有抗生素化合物，使其对某种特定细菌更具生存优势。

Co-author of the study, Becca R. Levy, Professor of Epidemiology at Yale University, told the New York Times, " People who report as little as a half-hour a day of book reading had a significant survival advantage over those who did not read" .

该研究的合著者、耶鲁大学流行病学教授 Becca R.Levy 告诉《纽约时报》， “报告说每天读书时间只有半小时的人比那些这样做的人有显着的生存优势不读” 。