Bacterial infections are another cause of acute laryngitis, and sometimes they can develop during or right after a viral infection - that's called a superinfection.

细菌感染是急性喉炎的另一大常见病因，有时可伴发或继发于病毒感染，即二重感染。

In addition, measles can suppress the immune system for up to 6 weeks, and this can contribute to bacterial superinfections like otitis media and bacterial pneumonia.

此外，麻疹可以抑制免疫系统长达6周，这可能有助于细菌二重感染：如中耳炎和细菌性肺炎。

When measles does develop, there isn't a specific antiviral treatment, instead the medications are generally aimed at treating superinfections, maintaining good hydration with adequate fluids, and pain relief.

当麻疹发病时，没有特定的抗病毒治疗；相反，药物一般旨在治疗二重感染，保持体内有足量水分，并减轻疼痛。

In addition, in some instances in China, there's been a coinfection with influenza and at the same time, there have been some bacterial superinfections on the pneumonias that are occurring.

此外，在中国的某些情况下，会合并感染流感， 同时在正在发生的肺炎上出现一些细菌重叠感染。