Polio virus is very unforgiving in these communities, you know.

脊髓灰质炎病毒在这些社区是非常无情的，你知道。

The World Health Organization notes the polio virus does not respect borders.

WHO表示，小儿麻痹症病毒不分国界。

But now the wild polio virus exists only in Afghanistan and Pakistan.

但是现在小儿麻痹症病毒只存在于阿富汗和巴基斯坦。

Wastewater has long been used to look for signs of the polio virus.

长期以来，废水一直被用来寻找脊髓灰质炎病毒的迹象。

The goal is to end transmission of the wild polio virus.

目标是结束野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的传播。

First, unlike smallpox, polio viruses can survive for long periods outside a host-for instance in sewage.

第一，与天花不同的是，小儿麻痹症病毒在寄主之外可以长时间的存活—例如在下水道。

2018 only two countries Pakistan and Afghanistan reported cases of the wild polio virus.

二零一八年，只有巴基斯坦和阿富汗报告了野生脊髓灰质炎病毒病例。

The conditions are very favorable for polio virus transmission to thrive, to be really entrenched there.

这些条件非常有利于脊髓灰质炎病毒的传播，在那里扎根。

The effort to eliminate the polio virus has prevented 1.5 million deaths, and 18 million cases of paralysis.

消除小儿麻痹症病毒的努力防止了150万人死亡和1800万人瘫痪。

In a report this month, the IMB warned that polio virus from vaccines is spreading uncontrolled in West Africa.

独立监测委员会在本月的一份报告中警告称，疫苗中的脊髓灰质炎病毒正在非洲西部" 失控地蔓延" 。

The researchers found that almost every case could be linked genetically to the polio virus often reported in Peshawar.

发现几乎所有病例都与白沙瓦经常报道的脊髓灰质炎病毒有基因上的关联。

Mr. Drexler and researchers in Europe and Africa studied that polio virus. They found it had some new mutations.

Drexler和欧洲以及非洲的研究人员对脊髓灰质炎病毒进行了研究。他们发现出现了一些新的突变。

Mr. Orenstein says that health workers need to clear the last few areas where the polio virus exists.

Orenstein表示，卫生工作者需要清理脊髓灰质炎病毒存活的最后几个地方。

They were not injected with the polio virus.

他们没有注射脊髓灰质炎病毒。

Both the Salk and Sabin vaccines typically contained strains of all three variants of the polio virus, PV1, PV2, and PV3.

索尔克和萨宾疫苗通常都含有脊髓灰质炎病毒的所有三种变异株，即 PV1、PV2 和 PV3。

So, the polio viruses are in on those squares.

所以，脊髓灰质炎病毒就在那些广场上。

The wild polio virus still exists in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Nigeria.

野生脊髓灰质炎病毒仍然存在于阿富汗、巴基斯坦和尼日利亚。

Salk began his research to develop a vaccine that would use a dead polio virus.

索尔克开始研究开发一种使用死脊髓灰质炎病毒的疫苗。

" The question that the experts are asking is, is the vaccine good enough to enable us to eradicate polio virus? "

“专家们询问的问题是，这种疫苗是否足够让我们根除脊髓灰质炎病毒？”

Since then nine billion oral polio vaccines have prevented nearly two million cases of wild polio virus on the continent.

自那时以来，90亿口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗预防了非洲大陆近200万例野生脊髓灰质炎病毒病例。