Now think here again back to Aristophanes's myth.

这里可以与阿里斯托芬的神话对比。

Again the image is almost straight out Aristophanes's speech.

这个意向简直直接取自阿里斯托芬。

It sounds like he might have borrowed it from Aristophanes's speech, about two becoming one.

他的两者结合为一体的意象似乎是从阿里斯托芬那里借来的。

Aristophanes is suffering the effects of a hangover from the party the previous night.

阿里斯托芬还没缓过来他前一天晚上也喝得烂醉。

That distinction is going to come under a lot of pressure when we get to the fourth speaker, Aristophanes.

这种区分到了第四个发言者那儿将会受到很多反诘。

So, good news and bad news, Aristophanes.

所以，好消息和坏消息，阿里斯托芬。

Aristophanes struck back two years later with a play called The Knights.

两年后，阿里斯托芬用一部名为《骑士》的戏剧进行了反击。

Yes, I did what writers have done since Aristophanes.

是 从阿里斯托芬时代起就是想象力在创作。

Aristophanes’ comedies celebrated ordinary people and attacked the powerful.

阿里斯托芬的喜剧颂扬普通人，攻击权贵。

Aristophanes, Aristophanes: Four Comedies, ed. William Arrowsmith, trans. Richmond Lattimore (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1969).

1. 阿里斯托芬，阿里斯托芬：四部喜剧，编。威廉·阿罗史密斯，反式。 Richmond Lattimore（安娜堡：密歇根大学出版社，1969 年）。

Aristophanes famously suggested that Euripides was irreligious because he was seeking to promote a belief in newfangled gods.

著名的阿里斯托芬认为欧里庇得斯是反宗教的， 因为他试图促进对新奇神灵的信仰。

Aristophanes’ plays, the world’s earliest surviving comic dramas, are stuffed full of parodies, songs, sexual jokes, and surreal fantasy.

阿里斯托芬的戏剧是世界上现存最早的喜剧，充满了模仿、歌曲、性笑话和超现实幻想。

Aristophanes’ vicious and often obscene mockery held these leaders to account, testing their commitment to the city.

阿里斯托芬恶毒且时常下流的嘲弄让这些领导人承担责任，考验着他们对这座城市的承诺。

Good people have to be rewarded. Bad people have to be punished. No defaming people a La Aristophanes. And no violence. It's tacky.

好人要有回报、坏人必须受到惩罚、不能像阿里斯托芬那样诽谤他人、不能有暴力 要求很苛刻。

Aristophanes not only mocked his fellow citizens, but he shaped the nature of comedy itself.

阿里斯托芬不仅嘲笑他的同胞，而且塑造了喜剧本身的本质。

One issue, in particular, inspired much of Aristophanes’ work: the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta.

一个问题尤其激发了阿里斯托芬的大部分工作：雅典和斯巴达之间的伯罗奔尼撒战争。

As for the poets, they have Aristophanes, Homer, Euripides, and Sophocles of Aldus's edition; and for historians, Thucydides, Herodotus, and Herodian.

至于诗人，他们有阿里斯托芬、荷马、欧里庇得斯和阿尔都斯版本的索福克勒斯；对于历史学家，修昔底德、希罗多德和希律王。

Aristophanes also became the master of the parabasis, a comic technique where actors address the audience directly, often praising the playwright or making topical comments and jokes.

阿里斯托芬还成为了 parabasis 的大师，这是一种喜剧技巧， 演员直接向观众讲话，经常赞美剧作家或发表时事评论和笑话。

In his " Symposium" , he wrote about a dinner party, at which Aristophanes, a comic playwright, regales the guests with the following story: humans were once creatures with four arms, four legs, and two faces.

在《会饮篇》中， 他描述了一个晚餐派对，派对上，一位喜剧演员，阿里斯托芬，讲了如下这个故事来娱乐在场的宾客：人类曾是拥有四个臂膀， 四条腿和两张脸的生物。

But the play’s depiction of Athens’ conduct during the Peloponnesian War was so controversial that afterwards, a politician named Kleon took Aristophanes to court for " slandering the people of Athens in the presence of foreigners."

但该剧对伯罗奔尼撒战争期间雅典行为的描写引起了极大的争议，以至于后来一位名叫克莱恩的政治家将阿里斯托芬告上法庭，罪名是“当着外国人的面诽谤雅典人民”。