The army that is furthest along with hard-kill apss is Israel's.

硬杀APSS使用最多的是以色列军队。

The Soviet Drozd system, one of the first hard-kill apss, was initially deployed in the 1980s, in the wake of the ussr's invasion of Afghanistan.

苏联的Drozd系统是最早的硬杀APSS之一，最初在1980年代部署，在苏联入侵阿富汗之后。

Unlike armour, which is intended to limit damage to a vehicle if it is hit, apss are there to stop missiles striking in the first place.

装甲旨在限制车辆在被击中时受到的损害，与装甲不同的是，APSS是为了在一开始就阻止导弹袭击。

It is ironic that atgms have proved so effective, since Russi -- and the Soviet Union before it -- was a pioneer of so-called " active protection systems" (apss) designed specifically to defeat them.

具有讽刺意味的是，事实证明反坦克导弹非常有效，因为俄罗斯——以及之前的苏联——是所谓的“主动防护系统”(apss)的先驱，专门设计来击败反导弹系统。