Mutation and genetic drift are also mentioned.

突变和遗传漂变也被提及了。

But scientists gave it a fancy name: genetic drift.

但科学家们给它起了一个奇特的名字：遗传漂变。

With genetic drift, genetic differences vary randomly within a population.

遗传漂移让族群里的基因差异随机变化。

As a result, through random mutation and genetic drift, over time offspring develop new traits and characteristics.

因此，通过随机突变和遗传漂变，随着时间的推移，后代会发展新的特性和特征。

Alright, right here, as a result, through random mutation and genetic drift, over time offspring develop new traits and characteristics.

好的，就在这，因此，通过随机突变和遗传漂变，随着时间的推移，后代发展出了新的特征和特性。

Modern medicine makes genetic variation that would have been subject to natural selection subject to what's called genetic drift instead.

现代医学让遗传变异，从原本的服从自然选择，变为服从遗传漂移。

Natural selection is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution, along with mutation, migration, and genetic drift.

自然选择是进化的基本机制之一，另外还有突变、迁移和遗传漂变。

That's driven by generations of breeding between distant relatives as well as by a random process called genetic drift.

这是由远亲之间的几代繁殖以及称为遗传漂变的随机过程驱动的。

In fact, a study by Matthew W. Hahn and R. Alexander Bentley used baby name trends to illustrate how changes in culture follow a similar pattern to genetic drift.

事实上，马修·W·哈恩和R·亚历山大·本特利的一项研究利用婴儿名字的趋势来说明文化的变化是如何遵循与遗传漂变相似的模式的。

But even with this, no two will be exactly the same and because of this, through random mutation and genetic drift, over time offspring develop new traits and characteristics.

但是即使是这样，也不会有两个完全一样的后代，也因为这一点，通过随机突变和遗传漂变，随时间的推移后代会发展出新的特质和特征。

This happens because of a process known as random genetic drift, says Dr Wilson, whereby some genetic variants become more common and others are lost.

威尔逊博士说， 这种情况的发生是因为一种被称为随机遗传漂变的过程，在这一过程中， 一些遗传变异变得更加普遍， 而另一些则消失了。

And though the proportions of different blood types vary between human populations, scientists aren't sure why they evolved; perhaps as protection against blood born diseases, or due to random genetic drift.

虽然不同血型的比例在人群中大不相同，科学家也不能确定为什么它们会这样发展；也许是为了防止血液传播疾病，或者只是任意的基因漂流。

The other three forces of evolution probably aren't going to cause huge changes in allele frequencies like genetic drift or natural selection do; but they still can have an impact on how evolution occurs.

进化的其他三种力量可能不会像遗传漂变或自然选择那样引起等位基因频率的巨大变化；但它们仍然可以对进化的发生产生影响。