| 单词 | base pair |
| 例句 | I was still slightly afraid something would go wrong and did not want Pauling to think about hydrogen-bonded base pairs until we had a few more days to digest our position. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z After contentedly poring over The Tivies, I wandered into the lab to see Francis, unquestionably early, flipping the cardboard base pairs about an imaginary line. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z As far as a compass and ruler could tell him, both sets of base pairs neatly fitted into the backbone configuration. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z By then we didn’t mind, for the evidence favoring the base pairs was steadily mounting. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z The first afternoon following the discovery that A-T and G-C base pairs had similar shapes, he went back to his thesis measurements, but his effort was ineffectual. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z Three strong hydrogen bonds can be drawn between guanine and cytosine. make the two types of base pairs identical in shape. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z “Suddenly I became aware that an adenine thymine pair was identical in shape to a guanine cytosine pair...no fudging was required to make the two types of base pairs identical in shape.” The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z They were quickly writing up their results and wanted to publish simultaneously with our announcement of the base pairs. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z Seen this way, the structure resembles a spiral staircase with the base pairs forming the steps. helical symmetry, the locations of the atoms in one nucleotide would automatically generate the other positions. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z At the moment, though, he wasn’t sure that the same base pairs were involved. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z Gene, protein, function, and fate were strung in a chain: one chemical alteration in one base pair in DNA was sufficient to “encode” a radical change in human fate. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Fortunately, by the time my letter reached Cal Tech the base pairs had fallen out. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z Both Rosy’s and Maurice’s papers covered roughly the same ground and in each case interpreted their results in terms of the base pairs. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z He realized that the base pairs could now easily be stacked atop each other, facing inward into the center of the helix. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Nonetheless, like almost everyone else, she saw the appeal of the base pairs and accepted the fact that the structure was too pretty not to be true. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z Though I was equally anxious to build the complete model, I thought more about Linus and the possibility that he might stumble upon the base pairs before we told him the answer. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z There are 3bn base pairs in the genome, and the milk tolerance gene required just a single base change to reactivate it, as do many major shifts in function. Paleofantasy: What Evolution Really Tells Us About Sex, Diet, and How We Live by Marlene Zuk – review 2013-04-24T06:30:03Z A single base pair mutation allows adults to drink milk. Paleofantasy: What Evolution Really Tells Us About Sex, Diet, and How We Live by Marlene Zuk – review 2013-04-24T06:30:03Z Do these three-billion-plus base pairs connect, in any way, to what we think of as “a self”? Review: Siddhartha Mukherjee’s ‘The Gene,’ a Molecular Pursuit of the Self 2016-05-08T04:00:00Z In test tubes, the team was able to get the foreign base pair to copy itself, but the real challenge was to get a cell to accept this “alien” DNA. Creating “alien” DNA on Earth: Lab creates life with genetic code outside our own 2014-05-08T16:10:00Z By pinpointing changes in a few base pairs possessed by some individuals and not by others, scientists can discover why the former group might be prone to a particular disease but not the latter. Genetics: The number crunchers who are saving lives 2010-05-29T23:05:00Z Polymerase theta acts quickly, grabbing the two single strands of DNA, matching up the closest base pairs to the break, and holding them together. Scientists piece together DNA repair pathway implicated in breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers 2023-11-15T05:00:00Z The project to build the chromosome has taken 10 years and the DNA sequence constructed consists of around 660,000 base pairs -- which are the 'letters' making up the DNA code. Scientists take major step towards completing the world's first synthetic yeast 2023-11-08T05:00:00Z The 'DNA origami' technique uses the specific interactions between complementary DNA base pairs to build dynamic 3D nano-objects. DNA Origami nanoturbine sets new horizon for nanomotors 2023-10-26T04:00:00Z From there, they used software to compare the billions of base pairs making up these genomes to look for genetic variations that the diving kingfishers have in common. Finding the genes that help kingfishers dive without hurting their brains 2023-10-24T04:00:00Z Scientists from the University of Vienna together with an international research team have now been able to close this gap and, in a study, determined impressive figures: 2.8 billion base pairs -- organized in 30 chromosomes. New insights into the genetics of the common octopus: Genome at the chromosome level decoded 2023-10-18T04:00:00Z "One can imagine that each of these octahedral LEGOs could carry some type of 'genetic' information, just like DNA base pairs carry our genetic information," Yang said. Accelerating sustainable semiconductors with 'multielement ink' 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z The double-helix structure solved the problem: DNA encodes information in the sequences of base pairs that sit inside the helix, and it replicates this information when the helical strands separate and re-create the matching strand. Rosalind Franklin Deserves a Posthumous Nobel Prize for Co-discovering DNA Structure 2023-09-24T04:00:00Z Zou compares fine-tuning an AI to gene editing in biology—AI parameters are analogous to DNA base pairs, and fine-tuning is like introducing mutations. Yes, AI Models Can Get Worse over Time 2023-08-02T04:00:00Z PCR uses a special form of DNA polymerase, the enzyme that replicates DNA, and other short nucleotide sequences called primers that base pair to a specific portion of the DNA being replicated. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Published in a series of papers in Nature, the pangenome adds 119 million base pairs to the current reference genome and doubles the known number of structural variants. News at a glance: A respiratory disease vaccine, observing intensifying cyclones, and shaking a tall wooden building 2023-05-10T04:00:00Z The smallest belongs to the common bent-wing bat, at just under 2 billion base pairs. A genome project cracks mysteries of evolution — and Balto the superdog 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z “When we first tested the DNA, we got just a few hundred base pairs,” says Ian Barnes, an evolutionary geneticist at London’s Natural History Museum who worked on the study. Meeting the ancestors: History of Ashkenazi Jews revealed from medieval DNA 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z Such an altered base pair, known as a tautomer, can quickly jump back to its original arrangement. Quantum Tunneling Makes DNA More Unstable 2022-09-21T04:00:00Z Look to your 46 chromosomes and three billion nucleotide base pairs. Cracking the Case of the Giant Fern Genome 2022-09-12T04:00:00Z These bases form complementary base pairs consisting of one purine and one pyrimidine, with adenine pairing with thymine, and cytosine with guanine. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Humans, for comparison, have just over 3 billion base pairs. A genome project cracks mysteries of evolution — and Balto the superdog 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z Base pairing takes place between a purine and pyrimidine; namely, A pairs with T and G pairs with C. Adenine and thymine are complementary base pairs, and cytosine and guanine are also complementary base pairs. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Scientists have known since the discovery of DNA's structure in the 1950s that base pairs can, in theory, produce tautomers. Quantum Tunneling Makes DNA More Unstable 2022-09-21T04:00:00Z But those numbers are nothing compared to the genome of another organism, which contains twice as many base pairs and three times as many chromosomes. Cracking the Case of the Giant Fern Genome 2022-09-12T04:00:00Z Each base pair is held together by hydrogen bonding. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Out of all the mammals on their roster, the screaming hairy armadillo has the largest genome, with 5.3 billion chemical base pairs making up its genetic blueprint. A genome project cracks mysteries of evolution — and Balto the superdog 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z Each base pair is separated from the other base pair by a distance of 0.34 nm, and each turn of the helix measures 3.4 nm. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z An enzyme disconnects bonds between base pairs and unwinds the strands. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Ferns are closely related to flowering plants, but they have roughly 20 percent more base pairs in their genome. Cracking the Case of the Giant Fern Genome 2022-09-12T04:00:00Z The listing of conjugate acid–base pairs shown in Figure 14.8 is arranged to show the relative strength of each species as compared with water, whose entries are highlighted in each of the table’s columns. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z There are about three billion of these base pairs in human DNA. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In their study, the scientists were able to sequence some four billion base pairs. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Proteins ensure that base pairs are matched correctly and no damage occurs. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Most mammal, bird, reptile and fish genomes fall within a narrow range of half a billion to six billion chemical building blocks, or base pairs, of DNA. Junk DNA Deforms Salamander Bodies 2022-02-02T05:00:00Z A comparison of the acid and base columns in this table supports the reciprocal relation between the strengths of conjugate acid- base pairs. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z The strands are bonded together via their nitrogenous base pairs using hydrogen bonds. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z An enzyme called helicase unwinds the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Mutations that change a single base pair are point mutations. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z The base pairs form genes—links in a long chain that constitute an animal’s genome. Junk DNA Deforms Salamander Bodies 2022-02-02T05:00:00Z Twist Bioscience, the company that Leproust and the Bills founded, currently synthesizes the longest DNA snippets in the industry, up to 300 base pairs. The Gene-Synthesis Revolution 2021-11-24T05:00:00Z All told, the scientists added or fixed more than 200 million base pairs in the reference genome. Scientists Finish the Human Genome at Last 2021-07-23T04:00:00Z The human genome has three billion base pairs per haploid set of chromosomes, and 6 billion base pairs are replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Point mutations change a single base pair, while chromosomal mutations change entire pieces of chromosomes. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z It began with the structure of the gene, which was defined as a particular sequence of base pairs that coded for a protein. It’s time to consign the “selfish gene” to the history books 2021-05-30T04:00:00Z After these sequences are laid out on a computer, Ginkgo orders the DNA from Twist or other providers, who do much of the synthesizing of the base pairs. The Gene-Synthesis Revolution 2021-11-24T05:00:00Z Human DNA is made of three billion “base pairs,” a unique set of molecular letters that creates a book of instructions for our cells. To Solve 3 Cold Cases, This Small County Got a DNA Crash Course 2021-05-03T04:00:00Z In humans, a six base pair sequence, TTAGGG, is repeated 100 to 1000 times. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z DNA base pairs are joined in the middle by hydrogen bonds—a relatively weak attraction between hydrogen atoms and molecules in the bases. Why Does DNA Spontaneously Mutate? Quantum Physics Might Explain 2021-03-17T04:00:00Z Most of the DNA they extracted consisted of sequences just a few tens of base pairs long. Million-Year-Old DNA Rewrites the Mammoth Family Tree 2021-02-17T05:00:00Z Today Twist charges nine cents a base pair for DNA, a nearly tenfold decrease from the industry standard a decade ago. The Gene-Synthesis Revolution 2021-11-24T05:00:00Z They got hundreds of millions of base pairs constituting around 25 to 30 percent of the genome of the second oldest mammoth. Mammoth Genomes Shatter Record for Oldest DNA Sequences 2021-02-17T05:00:00Z Point mutations are those mutations that affect a single base pair. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z That’s because, to copy itself, DNA first unzips, breaking the bonds between the base pairs. Why Does DNA Spontaneously Mutate? Quantum Physics Might Explain 2021-03-17T04:00:00Z After removing the non-mammoth DNA, the team was left with between 49 million and 3.7 billion base pairs in each of their three samples. Million-Year-Old DNA Rewrites the Mammoth Family Tree 2021-02-17T05:00:00Z Suddenly, you’re sharing all six billion base pairs of genes with the people sequencing your genome. How to Preserve the Privacy of Your Genomic Data 2020-11-09T05:00:00Z The oldest fossil yielded the least DNA, but the team still sequenced around 60 million base pairs from it—enough to provide insights into mammoth evolution. Mammoth Genomes Shatter Record for Oldest DNA Sequences 2021-02-17T05:00:00Z A purine always pairs with a pyrimidine; A pairs with T, and G pairs with C. One turn of the helix has ten base pairs. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z One of the earliest candidates was the wholesale deletion of 382 base pairs in a gene called ORF8, whose function is unknown. The pandemic virus is slowly mutating. But is it getting more dangerous? 2020-07-14T04:00:00Z The edit, from a C–G base pair to T–A, occurred about 5–50% of the time. Mitochondrial genome editing gets precise 2020-07-07T04:00:00Z Available technology only works with a minimum 200 base pairs, which are the building blocks of DNA, she said. ‘She’s got her name back’: Teenager murdered in 1977 finally identified with new DNA technique and genetic genealogy 2020-06-25T04:00:00Z However, when a chemical change occurs that damages a base, creating a site referred to as a lesion, this lesion is on only one of the two DNA strands of the affected base pair. Strands of evidence about cancer evolution 2020-06-23T04:00:00Z Topoisomerase relieves the pressure that results from supercoiling by breaking and reforming DNA’s nucleotide base pairs ahead of the replication fork. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z People with Huntington’s carry a repeated sequence of a triplet of base pairs, CAG, that results in toxic levels of huntingtin protein and causes the progressive breakdown of brain cells. A Breakthrough in Genetic Medicine for Rare Diseases 2020-03-23T04:00:00Z Adding those base pairs back in the lab made the virus much better at replicating in several cell culture models. Mutations can reveal how the coronavirus moves—but they’re easy to overinterpret 2020-03-09T04:00:00Z In cancer cells, the circles may contain a million base pairs of DNA or more, Dr. Chang and his colleagues found. Scientists Are Just Beginning to Understand Mysterious DNA Circles Common in Cancer Cells 2019-11-20T05:00:00Z If this happened, it caused further, distinct mutations at the same genomic position, generating cells in the tumour each with different mutations of the same base pair. Strands of evidence about cancer evolution 2020-06-23T04:00:00Z Sequence mapping resulted from DNA sequencing technology that allowed for the creation of detailed physical maps with distances measured in terms of the number of base pairs. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In an unpublished study, they have detected regions of over a million base pairs of DNA without variation. India’s tigers seem to be a massive success story — many scientists aren’t sure 2019-10-29T04:00:00Z Studying the human genome requires sequencing billions of base pairs. Computing Biology's Future 2019-07-04T04:00:00Z In contrast, the DNA circles in healthy cells are typically much smaller, containing under 25,000 base pairs, and usually just a few hundred. Scientists Are Just Beginning to Understand Mysterious DNA Circles Common in Cancer Cells 2019-11-20T05:00:00Z In a paper published this month, they reported sequencing 1.7 trillion base pairs of RNA from 150 bats to find the small regulatory genes involved in those aging pathways. What bats, primates and even zebrafish tell us about human aging 2019-06-14T04:00:00Z Every base pair in the double helix is separated from the next base pair by 0.34 nm. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In an average tiger, there are 500 variations in every million or so base pairs. India’s tigers seem to be a massive success story — many scientists aren’t sure 2019-10-29T04:00:00Z Nearly 28,000 genes and roughly 246 million sets of DNA letters, or base pairs—almost 95 percent of the genes—are represented in the genomic sequence, the researchers reported online Thursday in Science. The Bitter Truth: Scientists Sequence the Almond Genome 2019-06-13T04:00:00Z The entirely synthetic genome is four million base pairs long, four times bigger than any previously created. Daily briefing: Biggest-ever synthetic genome recodes E. coli without redundant bits 2019-05-15T04:00:00Z Previous genetic maps revealed the locations of specific features to within thousands of DNA base pairs. Gene-swapping in human sperm and eggs can increase genetic mutations in children 2019-01-24T05:00:00Z The base pairs are stabilized by hydrogen bonds; adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds and cytosine and guanine form three hydrogen bonds. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Its genome is made up of 23 million base pairs. Saliva is just what we needed to create a new malaria vaccine 2018-12-23T05:00:00Z One unfilled niche involves tools that are accessible for non-experts, but powerful and scalable enough to handle millions of base pairs of DNA and many designs. The automatic-design tools that are changing synthetic biology 2018-12-09T05:00:00Z Researchers discovered more than 20 years ago that a mutant version of the CCR5 gene, which is missing 32 DNA base pairs, prevents HIV from infecting these cells and thus confers resistance infection. Ethics aside, does the CRISPR baby experiment make scientific sense? 2018-11-28T05:00:00Z The new map lets researchers pinpoint the location of a feature to a segment of DNA about 700 base pairs long. Gene-swapping in human sperm and eggs can increase genetic mutations in children 2019-01-24T05:00:00Z Therefore, ten base pairs are present per turn of the helix. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The Nature Genetics team scanned millions of individual base pairs across 1,131,881 individual genomes for evidence of correlations between genes and years of schooling completed. Analysis | It’s better to be born rich than gifted 2018-10-09T04:00:00Z Karyotyping remains a useful technique for pinpointing large abnormalities, but the level of resolution is limited to about 5m base pairs. Solving the genome puzzle 2018-09-21T04:00:00Z When the copying process of your DNA is ongoing, sometimes base pairs get mixed up. Captain America on Mars 2018-08-03T04:00:00Z Large genome assembly currently remains hugely expensive, and even state-of-the-art sequencing tools struggle to resolve repetitive sequences on scales above a few hundred thousand base pairs, making assembly of certain genomes challenging. Newfound differences between great apes 2018-07-12T04:00:00Z The RNA primer in humans spans 10 base pairs, unlike in the drawing where it spans only three. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z They focus not on what each base pair might do, but what they might explain in the aggregate. Analysis | It’s better to be born rich than gifted 2018-10-09T04:00:00Z Geneticists’ work became easier with the development of array technology, which enabled smaller abnormalities to be detected, with a resolution of 50,000–100,000 base pairs. Solving the genome puzzle 2018-09-21T04:00:00Z Conveniently, just one DNA base pair differs between the Neanderthal gene and the modern human one. Exclusive: Neanderthal “minibrains” grown in dish 2018-06-20T04:00:00Z It now holds more than 260 trillion base pairs of DNA spread out across more than 200 million sequences. Loch Ness Monster Hunters to Try DNA Search? Get the Facts. 2018-05-23T04:00:00Z Each tRNA anticodon can base pair with one of the mRNA codons and add an amino acid or terminate translation, according to the genetic code. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Instead of synthesizing all of the human genome’s 3 billion DNA base pairs, the project will now attempt to recode the genome to produce cells immune to viral infection. Scientists downsize bold plan to make human genome from scratch 2018-04-30T04:00:00Z One of his genes on Chromosome 17 was missing 2,200 base pairs. Cracking the Code of Life—at Light Speed 2018-04-27T04:00:00Z A decade ago, sequencing 1m DNA base pairs cost a few thousand dollars. Mass die-offs are driving efforts to create hardier corals 2018-03-15T04:00:00Z A human has 3 million “base pairs” of DNA on its chromosomes; a redwood has 38 million. As climate changes threaten California’s giant redwoods, the key to their salvation might be within them 2018-02-07T05:00:00Z It can estimate the exact base pair distance between markers. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It has 32 billion base pairs, which makes it ten times the size of the human genome, and the largest genome ever sequenced. The Smiling Axolotl Hides a Secret: A Giant Genome 2018-02-01T05:00:00Z For comparison, during the Human Genome Project, the average fragment was on the order of 500 base pairs. Cracking the Code of Life—at Light Speed 2018-04-27T04:00:00Z He suggested that the natural base pairs in Romesberg's E. coli might be “flanking” the lab-made ones — holding up the double helix despite the unnatural and uncomfortable insertions. Cells with lab-made DNA produce a new kind of protein, a ‘holy grail’ for synthetic biology 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z For example, in natural DNA, base pairs are attracted to each other through the bonding of hydrogen atoms. U.S. scientists take step toward creating artificial life 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z Genome mapping is necessary to know the base pair difference between the markers. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Romesberg’s group is exploring a different strategy: adding an entirely new base pair into DNA. ‘Alien’ DNA makes proteins in living cells for the first time 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z The sequence for bread wheat, at 15 billion base pairs, was finished last year. Cracking the Code of Life—at Light Speed 2018-04-27T04:00:00Z That Romesberg's artificial cells lived — and that they lived even with the unusual bond linking their added base pair — suggests that it's not. Cells with lab-made DNA produce a new kind of protein, a ‘holy grail’ for synthetic biology 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z For example, in natural DNA, base pairs are attracted to each other through the bonding of hydrogen atoms. U.S. scientists take step toward creating artificial life 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z The research goal was tantalizing because about half of the 32,000 disease-associated point mutations are caused when an GC base pair mistakenly becomes an AT in a specific spot in the genome. U.S. scientists unveil powerful new tools to fix genetic faults 2017-10-25T04:00:00Z The new tool targets genetic errors in which an A–T base pair should be a G–C. New Gene-Editing 'Pencil' Erases Disease-Causing Errors 2017-10-25T04:00:00Z But the WHO report says the team purchased overlapping DNA fragments, each about 30,000 base pairs in length, from a company that synthesizes DNA commercially. How Canadian researchers built a poxvirus for $100,000 using mail-order DNA 2017-07-06T04:00:00Z Some mutations affect a single DNA base pair, or “letter.” Is there such a thing as an autism gene? 2017-06-30T04:00:00Z “The tea tree genome is extremely large,” Gao wrote in an email to The Washington Post — counting 3 billion base pairs, about four times the size of coffee's genome. The tea plant has a whopper genome, four times that of coffee, scientists find 2017-05-02T04:00:00Z The research goal was tantalizing because about half of the 32,000 disease-associated point mutations are caused when an GC base pair mistakenly becomes an AT in a specific spot in the genome. U.S. scientists unveil powerful new tools to fix genetic faults 2017-10-25T04:00:00Z Along with his students and postdoctoral researchers he had previously developed base editors that convert C–G base pairs into T–A pairs. New Gene-Editing 'Pencil' Erases Disease-Causing Errors 2017-10-25T04:00:00Z At three billion DNA base pairs in length, the tea plant genome is more than four times the size of the coffee plant genome and much larger than most sequenced plant species. Secrets of tea plant revealed by science - BBC News 2017-05-01T04:00:00Z Multiple samples from 100 patients containing 4.5 trillion base pairs of DNA were analysed. 'Exciting' blood test spots cancer a year early - BBC News 2017-04-26T04:00:00Z These enzymes, known as DNA recombinases, recognize two target stretches of DNA, each between 30 to 50 or more base pairs long. Scientists turn mammalian cells into complex biocomputers 2017-03-27T04:00:00Z Today, the cost of making each base pair of DNA chemicals is around 10 cents, which researchers said would allow the synthesis of whole genomes to become routine. Complex synthetic life moves closer with designer yeast genome 2017-03-10T05:00:00Z The net result is the troublesome A–T base pair is converted into a beneficial G–C pair. New Gene-Editing 'Pencil' Erases Disease-Causing Errors 2017-10-25T04:00:00Z It was a big deal when we synthesized the 5,000-some base pairs of the virus, corrected the errors and injected it into an E. coli cell. Craig Venter's New Enterprise: You 2016-10-21T04:00:00Z She’s already sequenced more than 1 billion base pairs, which are the building blocks of DNA. Astronaut describes career detour to US health director 2016-10-18T04:00:00Z She's already racked up more than 1 billion base pairs, which are the building blocks of DNA. US astronaut will vote from orbit if homecoming is delayed 2016-09-22T04:00:00Z She’s already racked up more than 1 billion base pairs, which are the building blocks of DNA. US astronaut will vote from orbit if homecoming is delayed 2016-09-22T04:00:00Z In doing so, the cell replaces the T with a C, correcting the other half of the base pair. New Gene-Editing 'Pencil' Erases Disease-Causing Errors 2017-10-25T04:00:00Z With endless combinations of base pairs and metal ions, “there's a plethora of parameters that you can fine-tune”, says Arseniyadis. The new breed of cutting-edge catalysts 2016-09-05T04:00:00Z The first person to map the ones and zeroes of digital data onto the four base pairs of DNA was artist Joe Davis, in a 1988 collaboration with researchers from Harvard. How DNA could store all the world’s data 2016-08-30T04:00:00Z They were able to reduce the number of codons by synthesizing the DNA in 55 fragments, each of which was 50,000 base pairs long. ‘Radically rewritten’ bacterial genome unveiled 2016-08-17T04:00:00Z Only 13 base pairs differ between the Sverdlovsk strain and its likely common ancestor with the vaccine strains. Anthrax genome reveals secrets about a Soviet bioweapons accident 2016-08-15T04:00:00Z In order to write data to DNA, researchers translate the binary code of a file into the nucleotide molecules that form DNA’s building blocks, assigning different base pairs to represent ones and zeroes. Microsoft stored an OK Go music video in strings of DNA 2016-07-07T04:00:00Z The genome of this bacterium is one million base pairs long, while the human genome is about 3,000 times longer. The Brave New World of the Synthetic Human Genome 2016-06-03T04:00:00Z Could they encode bits into base pairs in a way that would allow them to detect and undo the mistakes? How DNA could store all the world’s data 2016-08-30T04:00:00Z Craig Venter, a genetic scientist and entrepreneur, synthesized a bacterial genome consisting of about 1 million base pairs. Scientists hold secret meeting to consider creating a synthetic human genome 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z J. Craig Venter, the maverick genetic scientist, synthesized a bacterial genome consisting of about a million base pairs and was mainly a copy of an existing genome. Scientists Hold Secret Meeting to Consider Creating a Synthetic Human Genome 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z Three months later, Illumina sent back what amounted to two Human Genome Projects: a complete readout of her DNA, totaling some three billion base pairs of code, and then another, equally large, for her tumor. Learning From the Lazarus Effect 2016-05-12T04:00:00Z Could they identify a “materials genome” — Ceder's phrase — that encodes the properties of various compounds in the same way that biological information is encoded in DNA base pairs? Can artificial intelligence create the next wonder material? 2016-05-03T04:00:00Z Finding rare variations in the genome — and being sure they are not missing something — means sifting through the three billion base pairs in the genomes of tens of thousands of volunteers. Collaborations: Mining the motherlodes : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z Boeke is leading an international consortium that is synthesizing the genome of yeast, which consists of about 12 million base pairs. Scientists hold secret meeting to consider creating a synthetic human genome 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z More recently Dr. Venter and his team synthesized a more original bacterial genome, about 500,000 base pairs long. Scientists Hold Secret Meeting to Consider Creating a Synthetic Human Genome 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z It may now cost less to sequence the three billion DNA base pairs of a human genome than to do a brain scan. Big data in biomedicine : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z Importantly, her virus was all but identical to the one isolated from the survivor: Only one base pair differed between the two genomes. New evidence that parts of Ebola virus hide in semen for months 2015-10-14T04:00:00Z What happened next represents one of the most historically significant scientific endeavours: a 13-year quest to sequence all three billion base pairs of the human genome. Human Genome Project: Twenty-five years of big biology 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z Inherited solely through a mother's egg, it comprises fewer than 17,000 base pairs and just 37 genes. The hidden risks for ‘three-person’ babies 2015-09-22T04:00:00Z Although he and his colleagues did not sequence the entire genomes of the fossils, Meyer reported at the meeting that they did get 1 million to 2 million base pairs of ancient nuclear DNA. DNA from Neandertal relative may shake up human family tree 2015-09-11T04:00:00Z The cell’s natural repair system stitches the DNA back together, but some base pairs are often deleted or added in the process, rendering the gene dysfunctional. Super-muscly pigs created by small genetic tweak 2015-06-29T04:00:00Z Whole-genome sequencing, in contrast, allows scientists to accurately compare every single DNA base pair in samples, giving them “a much sharper look at the differences and similarities in the strains,” Jackson says. Sequencing finds listeria in unlikely places 2015-05-05T04:00:00Z It took up to 30 minutes to similarly analyse small chunks of genome a little larger than the size of a typical gene, about 5,000 DNA base pairs. Extreme cryptography paves way to personalized medicine 2015-03-22T04:00:00Z To avoid getting bogged down in the billions of base pairs of an animal genome the researchers looked at what is known as the transcriptome. Genetically modified people 2015-03-12T04:00:00Z Then we estimate the probability of finding a site per base pair. Conserved epigenomic signals in mice and humans reveal immune basis of Alzheimer/'s disease : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z We divided the human genome into 1 Mb regions, excluding regions overlapping centromeres and telomeres, as well as regions where the fraction of uniquely mappable base pairs was lower than 0.92. Cell-of-origin chromatin organization shapes the mutational landscape of cancer : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z The human ‘genetic instruction book’ contains roughly three billion base pairs of DNA. Human Genome Folds Form Computer Program For Life 2015-01-22T05:00:00Z The bedrock is the DNA itself, the A-G-T-C base pairs that twist into genes and chromosomes, with about 27,000 base pairs making up a single gene. Did a Son's Autism Drive a Woman to Murder? These unnatural base pairs are a first for the burgeoning field of synthetic biology. DNA with Man-Made Bases Functions Just Fine 2014-08-13T04:00:00Z Just one human genome contains more than three billion base pairs - the building blocks of DNA. Therapies hope for major DNA project 2014-07-31T04:00:00Z And from what we have learned, we know that BRCA1 is just one of many possible genetic mutations of more than 32,000 genes comprising three billion base pairs. SAPVoice: Hacking Healthcare With Breakthrough Technology 2014-06-24T04:00:00Z At the moment, the introduced base pair plays no active role in the bacterium's biology. Lab bug extends ‘life's alphabet’ 2014-05-08T12:33:41Z Among the bacteria's 8 million base pairs and nearly 8,000 genes were more than 20 new clusters of genes that produce natural products, some of which might work as antibiotics. Perspective: Synthetic biology revives antibiotics 2014-04-30T17:21:29.191Z The addition went well: the E. coli happily copied the unnatural base pairs and its internal DNA editors, which usually get rid of oddities, did not notice them, either. DNA with Man-Made Bases Functions Just Fine 2014-08-13T04:00:00Z A team at Imperial College London is tackling chromosome XI, one of the largest with 670,000 base pairs, using a similar technique of creating "chunks" of bases to insert into the yeast's genome. Synthetic DNA advance is hailed 2014-03-27T18:00:32Z And the book is an epic: The passenger pigeon’s genome is about 1.2 billion base pairs long. The Mammoth Cometh 2014-02-27T10:00:19Z Microbe DNA is typically millions of base pairs, or units, long, often arranged into a single circular structure that encodes thousands of genes. Colder Than Ice: Researchers Discover How Microbes Survive in Subfreezing Conditions 2013-10-10T19:45:09.120Z The gene was the chloroplast gene rbcL, a gene commonly used in establishing plant lineages, and it was found to differ from living relatives by just 17 base pairs. Jurassic Park and the race for ancient DNA 2013-08-01T13:45:00.700Z Next, the researchers aim to get the unnatural base pairs into the actual genome of a microbe rather than an adjacent plasmid. DNA with Man-Made Bases Functions Just Fine 2014-08-13T04:00:00Z Instead of adding genetic material for desirable traits, certain undesirable traits are “silenced” by inhibiting RNA from carrying the genetic base pairs from the DNA to synthesize proteins. You Say Potato, I Say Double-Stranded RNA 2013-06-12T15:15:15.507Z If you imagine each base pair as a word, then the book of the passenger pigeon would be four million pages long. The Mammoth Cometh 2014-02-27T10:00:19Z What doubles in complexity is not the number of transistors on a circuit, of course, but a proxy for biological complexity: the length of functional, non-redundant DNA per genome, counted by nucleotide base pairs. What if Moore’s Law applied to humans as well? 2013-04-23T12:00:00Z Rather than patenting every conceivable variant, the company claims jurisdiction over isolated DNA sequences, 15 base pairs long, that match short parts of the genes. Biotechnology patents: Natural justice 2013-04-18T15:03:04Z Decades before the Genome Project was launched, researchers deciphered the genetic code, the set of rules whereby specific sequences of base pairs in DNA generate specific proteins. Do Big New Brain Projects Make Sense When We Don't Even Know the "Neural Code"? 2013-03-23T22:45:03.060Z To define what, if anything, the billions of non-protein-coding base pairs in the human genome do, and how they affect cellular and system-level processes, remains an important, open and debatable question. Form and function 2013-03-13T18:20:03.080Z With the genome project, the goal was relatively fixed: a sequence of 3 billion base pairs. Behind the scenes of a brain-mapping moon shot 2013-03-06T18:20:32.570Z The devices that dominate the field sequence short fragments of DNA, no more than a few hundred base pairs, and overlook some portions of the genome. Gene sequencing leaves the laboratory 2013-02-20T18:20:27.037Z That is not a metaphor, they are literally strings of data with two bits per base pair. Health and Medicine at the Inflection Point--Today's Perspective from Ray Kurzweil 2013-02-05T16:29:46Z Genomic Analysis, the Office Edition THE price of sequencing a person’s genome — putting in order all three billion base pairs of DNA in a set of human chromosomes — keeps dropping. Novelties: Knome’s New Machine to Aid Labs in Genomic Analysis 2013-02-02T18:59:31Z One human genome contains three billion base pairs - the building blocks of DNA. DNA mapping for cancer patients 2012-12-10T08:42:19Z Agus: The genetic code accounted for the existence of DNA base pairs, which led to the discovery of the molecular structure that represents the genetic code. Perspective: Meeting of minds 2012-11-23T15:21:02.267Z So far, only a few of these unnatural base pairs can be inserted into DNA consecutively, and cells are still not able to fully adopt the foreign biochemistry. Chemical biology: DNA's new alphabet 2012-11-21T18:21:07.117Z The x axis shows the position on SSC3 in base pairs. Analyses of pig genomes provide insight into porcine demography and evolution 2012-11-14T18:22:24.580Z Those tiny strands are placed into sophisticated machines that “read” each of the 3 billion bits of information, called base pairs, that make up a person’s genetic alphabet. Will My Son Develop Cancer? The Dilemma of Sequencing Children's Genomes 2012-10-22T10:50:16Z Thanks to recent advances in the ability to break up and re-knit DNA, the company was able to sequence the 3 billion base pairs of the genome in just 27 hours — down from weeks. Good News for NICU Babies: Faster DNA Testing for More Accurate Diagnoses 2012-10-04T16:35:46Z In July, Complete Genomics described a technique that reduces error rates in sequenced genomes to 1 in 10 million base pairs and shrinks the amount of DNA required to generate a sequence. China buys US sequencing firm 2012-09-26T17:20:48.410Z Artificial base pairs are already used to detect viruses and may find other uses in medicine. Chemical biology: DNA's new alphabet 2012-11-21T18:21:07.117Z The x axis shows the position on SSC3 in base pairs. Analyses of pig genomes provide insight into porcine demography and evolution 2012-11-14T18:22:24.580Z The human genome project produced one bit of information per DNA base pair, and led to advances in algorithms for sequence matching and alignment. Genomics: ENCODE explained 2012-09-05T17:21:10.890Z Even if it contained 1,000 base pairs per square centimetre, the printout would stretch 16 metres high and at least 30 kilometres long. ENCODE: The human encyclopaedia 2012-09-05T17:20:34.310Z As a result, the bacterial genome differs slightly—often by just one or two letters of genetic code, or base pairs—from one patient to the next. 'Genomic CSI' Helps Contain a Killer 2012-08-22T19:09:39Z Benner set out to create base pairs that are similar to nature's, but with rearranged hydrogen bonding units. Chemical biology: DNA's new alphabet 2012-11-21T18:21:07.117Z The human genome contains about 3 billion letters, or base pairs, of DNA. Neanderthal-type species once roamed Africa, DNA shows 2012-07-26T16:23:00Z The result is that Complete’s human genomes will feature remarkably few errors — just one per 10 million DNA base pairs or just 600 errors in an entire human genome. Complete Genomics Is Great At Sequencing DNA. Can It Survive? 2012-07-13T12:09:42Z Today’s cost is about 30 cents per base pair, and prices are falling exponentially. Why I believe that this will be the most innovative decade in history 2012-06-25T11:00:12Z The dots indicate summed coverage for bins of 1,000 base pairs of the tumour genome, normalized to the coverage in corresponding normal tissue. Sequencing of neuroblastoma identifies chromothripsis and defects in neuritogenesis genes 2012-03-28T21:50:58.107Z A major challenge remained, however: researchers had to show that DNA would retain the unnatural base pairs while billions of copies are made. Chemical biology: DNA's new alphabet 2012-11-21T18:21:07.117Z His digital expertise was essential in designing a factory that automated and greatly lowered the cost of mapping the three billion base pairs that form the human genome. Cost of Gene Sequencing Falls, Raising Hopes for Medical Advances 2012-03-08T01:57:35Z In other words, researchers are combing through the genome of the entire tree of life for a few promising base pairs. Developing genetically modified crops requires skill, luck and caution 2012-03-05T20:23:45Z They assembled a DNA strand one million base pairs long and put it into a bacterial cell. Synthetic Biology: Bits and pieces come to life 2012-02-29T18:21:16.530Z The dots indicate summed coverage for bins of 1,000 base pairs of the tumour genome, normalized to the coverage in corresponding normal tissue. Sequencing of neuroblastoma identifies chromothripsis and defects in neuritogenesis genes 2012-03-28T21:50:58.107Z “It drove us very much away from anything that looked like a natural base pair at all.” Chemical biology: DNA's new alphabet 2012-11-21T18:21:07.117Z The robots are constructed using a technique called “DNA Oragami,” which takes advantage of the structure of DNA’s complementary chemical base pairs to produce different structures. Scientists Target Cancer With DNA Robots 2012-02-17T21:09:39Z This approach requires a lot of computing power given the sheer size of the genome, which consists of roughly three billion base pairs. Phylo 2011-12-20T19:15:06.260Z Current pricing is by the number of base pairs — the chemical “bits” that make up a gene — to be assembled. DNA: The next big hacking frontier 2011-12-08T11:00:00Z The largest piece of synthetic DNA was 30,000 base pairs. Can Algae Feed the World and Fuel the Planet? A Q&A with Craig Venter 2011-11-15T12:15:00.213Z Even if unnatural base pairs don't yet function in cells, they can still be put to practical use. Chemical biology: DNA's new alphabet 2012-11-21T18:21:07.117Z And some parts, particularly those where the same short pattern of base pairs is repeated over and over again, remain difficult to sequence well. The X Prize Foundation: Now count to a hundred 2011-10-26T18:33:02Z The biggest genome synthesized so far is that of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, the roughly 1 million base pairs of which were mostly a replica of the natural sequence in a study published last year2. Yeast Thrives with Partially Synthetic Genome 2011-09-14T21:45:03.587Z Indeed, the Haitian samples differed from their closest Nepalese relatives by only one or two DNA base pairs. Whole-Genome Study Nails Haiti-Nepal Cholera Link 2011-08-23T22:36:12Z At 1.2 million base pairs, its genome was at least twice as large as the largest known viral genome. The challenge of microbial diversity: Out on a limb 2011-08-03T17:20:24.427Z A single base pair of human DNA has a chance of of mutating equal to about one in one hundred million every generation. The Intelligent Homosexual's Guide to Natural Selection and Evolution, with a Key to Many Complicating Factors 2011-06-21T15:45:00.230Z “Girl, you've won the lottery,” said Deborah Teeters' doctor, when the results of her genetic test came back revealing two Cs at a spot among the 3 billion base pairs of her genome. Pharmacogenomics: Playing the odds 2011-06-13T13:20:35.383Z And failed experiments were costly: a single error in a million base pairs set the project back months. Synthetic genomes: The next step for the synthetic genome 2011-05-18T17:21:09.763Z A subset of base pair mutations and rearrangements were validated using independent technologies in order to assess the specificity of the detection algorithms. The genomic complexity of primary human prostate cancer 2011-02-09T18:22:53.550Z The researchers calculated how close different pieces of chromatin were to each other by dividing the genome into sections of just 20,000 base pairs, and confirmed several results with microscopy. Genomics: Genomes in three dimensions 2011-02-09T18:22:32.850Z Since there may be thousands of base pairs in a single gene, the probability of a mutation occurring somewhere in the gene is more like one in one hundred thousand. The Intelligent Homosexual's Guide to Natural Selection and Evolution, with a Key to Many Complicating Factors 2011-06-21T15:45:00.230Z We published the first individual, diploid human genome sequence in 2007, and now, with single DNA sequencing instruments producing 100 million base pairs per day, individual genome sequences are becoming commonplace. [Essay] Genome-Sequencing Anniversary: The Human Genome at 10: Successes and Challenges 2011-02-03T19:25:42.293Z Now, researchers can order oligonucleotides 50–200 base pairs long from several vendors, for shipment within 24 hours. Synthetic genomes: The next step for the synthetic genome 2011-05-18T17:21:09.763Z One cosmic ray taking out the right base pair would be enough!” Last of the guerrilla gardeners 2011-01-19T18:23:38.640Z The team synthesized an RNA molecule called SPC3649 that is designed to base pair with miR-122 and has a chemical modification locking it in one of its two possible confirmations. Triple-Drug Cocktail in the Works for Hepatitis C Therapy 2011-01-05T22:16:21.493Z Instead, he turned to the larger but significantly quicker bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, with 1 million base pairs. Scientist Creates Life. That's a Good Thing, Right? 2010-05-20T20:45:00Z This genome sequence was only 1.8 million base pairs in length and required 4 months of sequencing to produce. [Essay] Genome-Sequencing Anniversary: The Human Genome at 10: Successes and Challenges 2011-02-03T19:25:42.293Z This allows researchers to work on DNA molecules with as many as 100,000 base pairs, although most of the pathways that Gingko is working on are half that size. Synthetic genomes: The next step for the synthetic genome 2011-05-18T17:21:09.763Z From thimblefuls of powdered bone, the researchers pieced together about three billion base pairs of DNA, covering about two-thirds of the Neanderthal genome. Most People Carry Neanderthal Genes 2010-05-07T00:02:00Z Plus, they were working with DNA so fragmented that the chains were often no longer than 40 or 50 base pairs. Scientists Sequence the Neanderthal Genome 2010-05-06T20:05:00Z Human DNA contains about 3 billion chemical building blocks, called base pairs, and the turkey genome holds about 1 billion. 2009-11-26T05:00:00Z For an extra cost, oligonucleotides can be assembled into synthetic genes up to 1,500 base pairs long, which are stitched into plasmids — circles of DNA that can be propagated in bacteria. Synthetic genomes: The next step for the synthetic genome 2011-05-18T17:21:09.763Z Then, copying an oligonucleotide of just 20 base pairs took a chemist two years. Synthetic genomes: The next step for the synthetic genome 2011-05-18T17:21:09.763Z "We used half a gram of bones to produce the 3 billion base pairs," Pääbo said in a May 5 press conference. Scientists Sequence the Neanderthal Genome 2010-05-06T20:05:00Z |
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