| 单词 | amphibia |
| 例句 | There are but few species of amphibia in the country about Harmony. Travels in the Interior of North America, Part I, (Being Chapters I-XV of the London Edition, 1843) Early Western Travels, 1748-1846, Volume XXII 2012-02-08T03:00:17.410Z An annotated checklist and key to the amphibia of Mexico. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Rainforests of Southern El Peten, Guatemala 2011-12-25T03:00:10.957Z Around 15 to 37 percent of over 6,000 species of amphibia are predicted to become extinct by 2100, he said. Scarce resources, climate biggest threats to world health 2011-10-17T17:43:34Z Dragons and basilisks are both amphibia in the strict sense, only the two dwelling-places of the former are air and land, and of the latter water and land. Hesperus or Forty-Five Dog-Post-Days Vol. II A Biography 2011-05-14T02:00:08.440Z With frogs and other amphibia the dormant state is very common, and if the temperature is kept low by artificial means, they may remain dormant for years. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 1: Deposition to Eberswalde 2011-04-14T02:00:57.977Z All the air-breathing vertebrata of this age of swamps and plants belonged to the class amphibia. A Short History of the World 2011-03-04T03:01:03.147Z U' ro style, a long bone forming the hinder extremity of the vertebral column of tailless amphibia. A Guide for the Study of Animals 2011-01-18T03:00:14.913Z In certain species the heart has only a single cavity, with a single auricle, the blood red but cold; of these the amphibia have a voluntary respiration, while fishes respire by gills. Lives of Eminent Zoologists, from Aristotle to Linnæus with Introductory remarks on the Study of Natural History The term is now sometimes employed as synonymous with amphibia, but is more usually restricted to the order Anura or tailless amphibia. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 3 Atrebates to Bedlis The adults of other species of Distomum live within the bodies of various fishes, amphibia, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 1: Deposition to Eberswalde 2011-04-14T02:00:57.977Z They are more various, it is true, than are the few surviving members of the order of the amphibia which once in the Carboniferous period ruled the world. A Short History of the World 2011-03-04T03:01:03.147Z It is such thoughtless indulgence of muscles growing obsolescent that retards the evolution of our species, a species, sir, which I claim is coessential in fundamental attributes with contemporaneous amphibia. The Haunted Pajamas The amphibia are well represented throughout the lower tropical districts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 2 "Bohemia" to "Borgia, Francis" "Now let us descend a little lower, to what I might call the amphibia of society," said Greifmann. The Progressionists, and Angela. The chief variation is in the amount of protein present, which attains its maximum concentration in birds and mammals, while in reptiles, amphibia and fishes it is much less. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" This Carboniferous age, this age of the amphibia, was an age of life in the swamps and lagoons and on the low banks among these waters. A Short History of the World 2011-03-04T03:01:03.147Z When we come to the lower, such as the amphibia, we find a larger percentage, and among the land mollusca the great majority, to be of European origin. The History of the European Fauna Eggs of Amphibia.—Among the amphibia a greater variety obtains in the matter of the investment of the egg, as well as in the number, size and method of their disposal. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 1 "Edwardes" to "Ehrenbreitstein" They are the amphibia of this life and of the next, capable of passing from one to the other as the turtle passes from land to water. The Great Keinplatz Experiment and Other Tales of Twilight and the Unseen In reptiles and amphibia the red corpuscles are also nucleated, but the stroma portion containing the haemoglobin is arranged in a thickened annular part encircling the nucleus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" They are the amphibia of the shore which separates life from death. Toilers of the Sea All the British reptiles and amphibia appear to have reached us from the south or east, but among the fishes there are a good many northern forms. The History of the European Fauna They are rarely very remote from a continent, and they always contain some land mammals and amphibia, as well as representatives of the other classes and orders in considerable variety. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras The dipneusta is an intermediate stage between the selachii and amphibia. Was Man Created? The coloured corpuscles of amphibia as well as of nearly all vertebrates below mammals are biconvex and elliptical. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" The snakes are equally limbless, save that the boas and pythons possess the rudiments of a single pair; and such also is the condition, among the amphibia, of all the known species of Cœcilia. The Testimony of the Rocks or, Geology in Its Bearings on the Two Theologies, Natural and Revealed Reptiles and amphibia are altogether unknown in the Polar Regions, but a large number of fish, chiefly marine, have taken their origin there. The History of the European Fauna Peculiar British Birds.—Among our native mammalia, reptiles, and amphibia, it is the opinion of the best authorities that we possess neither a distinct species nor distinguishable variety. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras The gill amphibians are man's most ancient ancestors of the class amphibia. Was Man Created? Animals of the class of amphibia appear not to have existed until after the æra that gave birth to fish. The American Quarterly Review, No. 17, March 1831 The rocks on a level with the water raised and lowered their black heads, crowned with green hair, like giant amphibia of a monstrous humanity. The Dead Command From the Spanish Los Muertos Mandan He adds also, in his account of polymorpha before the class amphibia, that some of this class breathe by lungs only, and others by both lungs and gills. The Temple of Nature; or, the Origin of Society A Poem, with Philosophical Notes This poverty attains its maximum in the reptiles, as shown by the following figures:— Belgium has 22 species of reptiles and amphibia. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras Among the few amphibia found in these regions one is particularly remarkable. Travels in Peru, on the Coast, in the Sierra, Across the Cordilleras and the Andes, into the Primeval Forests There was one amongst the number said to belong to the amphibia. The Hero of Garside School The first aquatic creatures were succeeded by the amphibia, the reptiles. Astronomy for Amateurs Not birds, but beasts, or “fish,” as he would call them—the amphibia in the chasing, killing, and skinning of which he has spent many years of his life. The Land of Fire A Tale of Adventure He showed that with very few exceptions all the remoter islands of the great oceans were of volcanic or coralline formation, and that none of them contained indigenous mammalia or amphibia. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras Among the amphibia in Callao, the iguana and land agama are numerous. Travels in Peru, on the Coast, in the Sierra, Across the Cordilleras and the Andes, into the Primeval Forests In the fishes and amphibia it is driven back or inward, the organic power begins to be intuitive, and sensibility appears. Hints towards the formation of a more comprehensive theory of life. It is all very fine to recognise in the ascending series of protozoa, cœlenterata, echinoderms, worms, mollusks, fishes, amphibia, reptiles, the stages of progress toward birds and finally to mammals and man. The Silesian Horseherd - Questions of the Hour Let us bear in mind that evolution proceeded from certain amphibia to the lizards and from these to the birds and mammals. Socialism: Positive and Negative They all agree in the total absence of indigenous mammalia and amphibia, while their reptiles, when they possess any, do not exhibit indications of extreme isolation and antiquity. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras The amphibia of the frog species, which lie concealed in silent repose during the day, raise, after sunset, their far-sounding voices. Travels in Peru, on the Coast, in the Sierra, Across the Cordilleras and the Andes, into the Primeval Forests Hence we may infer that the mammals were the last of the three groups, of which we have taken types, to appear upon the earth, and that the fishes preceded, the amphibia. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata "Not without losing at least half a dozen of their leaders, and that is generally sufficient to deter hundreds of men, whose reasoning powers are much superior to these amphibia," said La Salle. Adrift in the Ice-Fields A little later three chambers are developed, the auricle, ventricle, and aortic bulb; at this stage there is a resemblance to the heart of fish and amphibia. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The young have external gills which are afterwards replaced by true lungs, and this peculiar metamorphosis shows that they belong to the amphibia rather than to the reptiles. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras These swarms, called by the natives Chacus, sometimes enter a hut and clear it of all insects, amphibia, and other disagreeable guests. Travels in Peru, on the Coast, in the Sierra, Across the Cordilleras and the Andes, into the Primeval Forests Similarly, in the Permian come mammal-like reptiles, that point also downward to the amphibia. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Kant assumes that, for instance, certain aquatic animals by and by formed into amphibia, and from these after some generations were produced land animals. Evolution An Investigation and a Critique These awakened amphibia fill the welkin with their croakings, which take the place of the avian chorus at night. A Bird Calendar for Northern India Reptiles and Amphibia of the Seychelles.—The reptiles and amphibia are rather numerous and very interesting, indicating clearly that the islands can hardly be classed as oceanic. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras The amphibia on the Peruvian coast are proportionally much better represented than the two foregoing classes. Travels in Peru, on the Coast, in the Sierra, Across the Cordilleras and the Andes, into the Primeval Forests The ciliated nephrostomata remain open to a late stage of development in the frog, and in many amphibia throughout life. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Suddenly, in the "carbonic age" amphibia and reptiles appear, and then come, in the "Triassic" the huge reptiles known as dinosaurs. Evolution An Investigation and a Critique He shewed that these monsters stood on the borderland between fishes, amphibia, and reptiles, and he added much to our knowledge of the true structure of these great groups. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work Frogs and salamanders constitute another lower class, called the amphibia, whose members are gilled during the earlier stages of development. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope Reptiles and amphibia were at first united in one class because of their resemblance in external form. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 The researches of palaeontologists and embryologists indicate a reptilian origin for birds and mammals, while reptiles and amphibia arose, perhaps independently, from fishes. Darwinism (1889) As they proceeded, the enormous numbers of frogs became surprising, as if this host of amphibia had leagued against the invading demons. The Nameless Castle Thus, among the amphibia, frogs have tails in the larval or tadpole condition; but newts throughout life remain in the larval or tailed condition. Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work When it does become a frog it proves beyond a doubt that there is no impassable barrier between fishes and amphibia. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope But the young salamander, like all amphibia, breathes by gills, its skeleton differs greatly from, and is far weaker than, that of the lizard, and there are important differences in the circulatory and other systems. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 His experiences had shown that botany, the amphibia, the hen and her eggs, human anatomy, even disease and sometimes the sight of it, are salutary from this point of view. Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 6 Sex in Relation to Society Then come the amphibia, which include the toads, frogs, etc. A Series of Lessons in Gnani Yoga In water, not necessarily excluding amphibia:—Great aquatic monsters; fish and all other creatures that move. Creation and Its Records Only a few of the countless details have been mentioned which demonstrate the resemblance of the successive stages first to fishes, and later to amphibia and reptiles. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope Moreover, practically all amphibia differ from all reptiles in these respects. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 I mean those whom you philhellenes call amphibia. Roman Farm Management The Treatises of Cato and Varro It is now the middle of the month of February, the period of the greatest tropical heats, and these amphibia, having left the shores of Chili or Peru, are accomplishing one of their periodical migrations. The Solitary of Juan Fernandez, or the Real Robinson Crusoe It was clear to me that some inconceivable catastrophe had overtaken the island during the summer, destroying all life about it, except some few of the amphibia, cetacea, and crustacea. The Purple Cloud Thus they all pass through a stage which is found also in the development of reptiles, birds, and amphibia,—a stage which corresponds to the fish throughout its life. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope When the comparative anatomy of fish, amphibia, and reptiles had been carefully studied it was evident that the amphibia stood far nearer the fish in general structure, while the higher reptiles closely approached birds. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 The polyganum amphibia stands just in the edge of the water along its banks, and is now in flower. Personal Memoirs of a Residence of Thirty Years with the Indian Tribes on the American Frontiers Everything was frozen—birds, quadrupeds, amphibia disappeared as if by magic; seal-holes reclosed, and the ice once more became hard as granite. The Field of Ice Part II of the Adventures of Captain Hatteras Let the waters bring forth the fishes, the amphibia, the reptiles, the fowl of the air. Life: Its True Genesis Following the fishes, the amphibia arose during the coal age or Carboniferous, usurping the proud position of the lower vertebrate class. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope The vertebrates alone remained swimming, and probably neither they nor their descendants ever crept until they emerged on the land, or as amphibia were preparing for land life. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 Such was the engineer’s project, which was feasible enough, as he had lime and sulphuric acid, and as the amphibia of the island would furnish the necessary fat. The Mysterious Island Take, again, one of these sub-kingdoms, the vertebrata, and we find it composed of five classes, - the mammalia, reptilia, pisces, amphibia, and aves, each of the other sub-kingdoms being similarly divisible. Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation It remained to be seen whether the amphibia would not forsake Halbrane Land at the approach of winter, and seek a less rigorous climate in lower latitudes. An Antarctic Mystery The reptiles then appeared and gained ascendancy over the amphibia, to become in the Mesozoic age the highest and most varied of the existing vertebrates. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope Notice further that among certain species of fish, amphibia, and reptiles, the females carry the eggs in the body until the embryos or young are fairly developed. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 They were classed by Linne with the worms, and by later zoologists, with the fishes, or the amphibia, or the molluscs. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 We may begin with that of the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Many morphologists regard the early amphibia as the ancestral group from which the mammals were derived, while most palaeontologists believe that the mammals are descended from the reptiles. Darwin and Modern Science The fin of a fish is used as an organ of locomotion in water; from some such organ have evolved the walking limbs of amphibia and reptiles, constructed for progression upon land. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope The large brain, or cerebrum, is in fish hardly as heavy as the mid-brain; in amphibia the reverse is true. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 During this period some of the fishes began to adapt themselves to living on land, and so gave rise to the class of the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The most suitable and most available objects of study in this class are the eggs of our indigenous amphibia, the tailless frogs and toads, and the tailed salamander. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 At certain seasons, these amphibia, for the purpose of renewing their coat, come up on the dark frowning rocks and precipices, where there is not a trace of vegetation. Astoria, or, anecdotes of an enterprise beyond the Rocky Mountains Their origin is not clear, as the intermediate forms between them and the amphibia are not found. The Story of Evolution First, apparently, amphibia, then reptiles, and finally mammals of enormous size and strength appeared. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 These amphibia increase in variety in the Permian epoch. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 I endeavoured to establish this view by the derivation of the vertebrates from one source, and especially by proving that the birds descend from the reptiles, and these from the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 But in most other features they approach nearer to the fishes, and are inferior to the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 We can, therefore, understand the gap in the record between the amphibia and the reptiles. The Story of Evolution By the amphibia legs, with the same regions as our own and with five toes, have already appeared. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 The transitional formation between the two classes is so pronounced in the whole organisation of these remarkable animals that zoologists had a lively controversy over the question whether they were really fishes or amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 However, as the whole group of the amniotes has been developed at a comparatively late date from the class of the amphibia, their coelomation must also be directly traceable to that of the latter. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 We find in the Carboniferous period fossilised remains of five-toed amphibia, the oldest terrestrial, air-breathing vertebrates. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 From their structure we gather that they sprang from at least two different branches of the amphibia. The Story of Evolution The amphibia of the carboniferous and the next period and the reptiles of the mesozoic have disappeared; only a few feeble degenerate remnants persist. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 During the dry season they bury themselves in the dry mud, and breathe the atmosphere through lungs, like the amphibia and the higher vertebrates. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 While the amphiblastic ova of the latter are small and develop like those of the amphibia, the cucumber-shaped ova of the hag are about an inch long, and form a discoid gastrula. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 But this must not be understood in the sense that the existing Amphioxus, or the sharks or amphibia of to-day, can give us any idea of the external appearance of these remote stem-forms. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The amphibia were now definitely ousted from their position of dominance. The Story of Evolution Johannes Muller classed the lancelet with the fishes, although he pointed out that the differences between this simple vertebrate and the lowest fishes are much greater than between the fishes and the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The apes and man have also lost the Harderian gland that opened under the nictitating membrane; we find this in the rest of the mammals, and the birds, reptiles, and amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Unequal segmentation takes place in some of the cyclostoma and in the oldest fishes in just the same way as in most of the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Next to the fishes come the amphibia, from the embryology of which we can also draw instructive conclusions. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The increase of the waters had at first favoured them, and we find more than twenty genera, and some very large individuals, of the amphibia in the Triassic. The Story of Evolution At first the whole of the mouth was armed with these cutaneous teeth in the Selachii and in the earliest amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In their whole structure they form a transition from the fishes to the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Later it approaches very closely, at one period, to the anatomic structure of the lancelet, afterwards to that of a fish, and again to the typical build of the amphibia and mammals. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 But among the mammals this cloaca is only permanent in the Monotremes, as it is in all the birds, reptiles, and amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Fitted as they were to withstand the rigorous conditions which held the reptiles and amphibia in check, they seemed destined to attain at once the domination of the earth. The Story of Evolution But they are partly lost in the amphibia, and entirely in the higher Vertebrates. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Several distinguished zoologists classed them with the amphibia, though most now associate them with the fishes. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 When we consider still earlier stages of development, we are unable to discover any essential difference in bodily structure between the embryos of these higher vertebrates and those of the lower, the amphibia and fishes. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 The cartilaginous epiglottis is found only in the mammals, and has developed from the fourth branchial arch of the fishes and amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The amphibia and reptiles also pass into their modern types, after a period of generous expansion. The Story of Evolution This simple brain develops step by step, successively assuming forms which correspond to those of the amphibia, the reptiles, the duck-bills, and the lemurs. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Still less must it be thought that the Amphioxus or any actual shark, or any living species of amphibia, is a real ancestral form of the higher vertebrates and man. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The bony skull in man and all the other amniotes is more highly differentiated and modified than that of the lower vertebrates, the amphibia and fishes. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 This is clearly shown by the ova of the amphibia and cyclostoma, which explain the transition from the yelk-less ova of the amphioxus to the large yelk-filled ova of the reptiles and birds. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 This is very clearly shown by the comparative ontogeny of the fishes and amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Thus, of the vertebrates there are at first only the lower fishes; then come the higher fishes, and later the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 In this double respiration they resemble the lower amphibia, and have the same characteristic formation of the heart; in this they are much superior to the fishes. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Again, we find the neurenteric canal in just the same form and situation in the amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 |
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