| 单词 | epithelium |
| 例句 | There may even be odorants that fire off receptors in our olfactory epithelia without our being conscious of smell, including signals exchanged involuntarily between human beings. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z Electrodes in the olfactory bulbs of salmon will fire when the olfactory epithelium is exposed to water from their spawning grounds, whereas water from other streams causes no response. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z Clearly I did, because here I am at his kitchen table with the fragrance of an omelet smothered in some kind of tomatoey-oniony-garlicky sauce tickling my olfactory epithelium. Odd One Out 2018-08-09T00:00:00Z They’re also paying attention to the olfactory epithelium, the skin surrounding those neurons, which have cells similar to the ones the virus targets in the lungs. What it’s like to suffer from the coronavirus’s weirdest symptom 2020-04-13T04:00:00Z They found that oxytocin genes are expressed in the epithelium of various species, including mice, macaques and humans. Research connecting gut bacteria and oxytocin provides a new mechanism for microbiome-promoted health benefits 2023-11-02T04:00:00Z "Our results therefore suggest that, while protecting epithelia, mucus constitutes a breeding ground for biofilms," they explain. Newly developed lung-like organoids could revolutionize how we treat respiratory infections 2023-08-05T04:00:00Z Some of these cells extend to the surface of the epithelium, but they are very thin at the top. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The walls of the oviducts have a ciliated epithelium over smooth muscle. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The protein it encodes resides in the space between the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium, a thin layer of cells overlying the retina. An ancient gene stolen from bacteria set the stage for human sight 2023-04-09T04:00:00Z The types of epithelia are classified by the shapes of cells present and the number of layers of cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z "Our results therefore suggest that, while protecting epithelia, mucus constitutes a breeding ground for biofilms." Newly developed lung-like organoids could revolutionize how we treat respiratory infections 2023-08-05T04:00:00Z The transitional epithelia itself does not change thickness: the layer simply unfolds. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z These GI hormones are secreted by specialized epithelial cells, called endocrinocytes, located in the mucosal epithelium of the stomach and small intestine. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Unlike earlier variants of concern, like delta, omicron has a higher affinity for the upper respiratory epithelium, said Landon: “It’s more likely to make people sniffle more, sneeze more or be congested.” With omicron, it may be harder to tell if you have COVID, a cold or the flu 2021-12-23T05:00:00Z Epithelia composed of a single layer of cells is called simple epithelia; epithelial tissue composed of multiple layers is called stratified epithelia. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The researchers exposed lab-grown cultures of human corneal epithelium cells to cigarette smoke extract—a solution that contains most of the ingredients inhaled by cigarette smokers. Cigarette Smoke Kills Eye Cells 2021-10-18T04:00:00Z Transitional epithelia change in thickness depending on how full the bladder is. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Saliva contains immunoglobulin A, which prevents microbes from penetrating the epithelium, and lysozyme, which makes saliva antimicrobial. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z “My gestalt read of the data to date suggests that the primary source of insult is actually in the nose, in the nasal epithelium,” the skinlike layer of cells responsible for registering odors. Mysteries of COVID Smell Loss Finally Yield Some Answers 2020-11-18T05:00:00Z They are most commonly found in a single layer representing a simple epithelia in glandular tissues throughout the body where they prepare and secrete glandular material. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z If smoke exposure breaks down lipids in corneal epithelium cells, the tear film that coats the cornea may suffer similarly, she speculates. Cigarette Smoke Kills Eye Cells 2021-10-18T04:00:00Z In vertebrates, olfactory receptor neurons reside on the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The outermost part of Bowman’s capsule, the parietal layer, is a simple squamous epithelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z And strikingly, the olfactory epithelia were completely detached, which, Meunier says, resembled skin peeling after a sunburn. Mysteries of COVID Smell Loss Finally Yield Some Answers 2020-11-18T05:00:00Z The four primary tissues are epithelia, connective tissues, muscle tissues, and nervous tissues. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Their epithelium, or nasal tissue, is about 30 times larger than ours. Dogs have an intense sense of smell — and love for their owners. 2020-10-30T04:00:00Z Many tiny hair-like cilia protrude from the olfactory receptor cell’s dendrite and into the mucus covering the surface of the olfactory epithelium. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The descending thick portion consists of simple cuboidal epithelium similar to that of the PCT. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z “Oestrogen is not only affecting the airway epithelium dynamics, but also affecting the virulence of the bacteria.” The gender gap in cystic fibrosis 2020-07-28T04:00:00Z Stratified layers of squamous epithelia facilitate gas, nutrient or waste exchange, whereas single layers provide protection and are replaceable following damage. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Each cell contains actin rings on one end in a configuration analogous to actin rings found in animal tissues called epithelium. Marine Microbe Performs Animal Trick 2020-03-08T05:00:00Z Individual olfactory receptor neurons are replaced approximately every 40 days by neural stem cells residing in the olfactory epithelium. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The descending and ascending thin portions consists of simple squamous epithelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Third, given their location and numbers, IELs probably respond to various nutritional states and regulate multiple metabolic or hormonal activities in the intestinal epithelium. Gut immune cells have a role in food metabolism 2019-01-29T05:00:00Z It is important to break down macromolecules into smaller fragments that are of suitable size for absorption across the digestive epithelium. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This consists of the epithelium and a layer of connective tissue called the lamina propria, as well as a thin band of smooth muscle. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z The alveolar ducts and alveoli are lined with simple squamous epithelium that allows for gas exchange. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The ascending thick portion consists of simple cuboidal epithelium similar to the DCT. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Analysis of gene expression in the intestinal epithelium might also reveal additional pathways that are regulated by IELs. Gut immune cells have a role in food metabolism 2019-01-29T05:00:00Z Fats need to be passed through the digestive epithelium to be utilized. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In the healthy colon, the epithelium, immune cells and commensal microbes collaboratively maintain a stable equilibrium that both preserves intestinal health and protects the gut from potential threats. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z The trachea is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z They are lined with simple squamous epithelium with receptors for ADH. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Embryo and organ development is driven in large part by the sculpting of sheets of cells called epithelia. A 3D cell shape that enables tube formation 2018-09-09T04:00:00Z Nutrients need to be passed through the digestive epithelium to be utilized. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Mucous membrane Commensal microbes reside in the mucous membrane that lines the epithelium. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z The epithelium moves substances toward the larynx and esophagus for swallowing. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The epithelium that lines vessels in the lymphatic and cardiovascular system derives from the mesoderm and is called an endothelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Gómez-Gálvez et al. analysed 3D cell shapes in epithelia by using computer modelling to study how cells pack into curved epithelia. A 3D cell shape that enables tube formation 2018-09-09T04:00:00Z Large molecules, if not broken down, produce toxic substances that pass through the epithelium of the digestive tract and are utilized by the cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Dendritic cell Dendritic cells monitor the lumen for pathogenic species using long projections that span the epithelium. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z Clinicians were then able to replace a section of damaged epithelium with healthy cells by surgically delivering the patch to the base of the retina. Retinal repair: visions of the future 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z All epithelia share some important structural and functional features. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z For epithelia on a sphere, surface curvature is the same in all directions, and inverted frusta are expected. A 3D cell shape that enables tube formation 2018-09-09T04:00:00Z The olfactory epithelium is a collection of specialized olfactory receptors in the back of the nasal cavity that spans an area about 5 cm2 in humans. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The resulting activation of T cells inflicts further inflammatory damage on the epithelium and attracts other immune cells to the site. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z This form of the disease is caused by abnormal blood vessels growing through the retinal pigment epithelium and damaging the macular. 'I've been given my sight back' 2018-03-19T04:00:00Z The basal lamina, a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective tissue. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Prisms, frusta and scutoids found in single-cell layered epithelia are discrete classes of shape, but belong in a continuum of cell shape and 3D arrangement. A 3D cell shape that enables tube formation 2018-09-09T04:00:00Z However, the cornea is composed of collagen and elastic fibers, whereas the sclera is composed of connective tissue with epithelia. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The composition ofthe community of microbes in the colon changes in conjunction with the breakdown of the epithelium and immune dysregulation. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z Dry age-related macular degeneration is more common and caused by the retinal pigment epithelium breaking down. 'I've been given my sight back' 2018-03-19T04:00:00Z Some epithelia often include structural features that allow the selective transport of molecules and ions across their cell membranes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z With Gómez-Gálvez and colleagues’ characterization of the scutoid, we are beginning to recognize the kinds of 3D shapes and arrangements to look for in epithelia, and to develop the tools for quantifying them. A 3D cell shape that enables tube formation 2018-09-09T04:00:00Z However, the cornea is composed of connective tissue with epithelia, whereas the sclera is composed of collagen and elastic fibers. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Corticosteroids Anti-inflammatory drugs act on immune cells and the epithelium, and are used to treat severe ulcerative colitis. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z Spark’s gene therapy is for people with a mutation in a gene called retinal pigment epithelium 65, or RPE65. FDA Blesses Blindness Treatment That Could Cost $1 Million 2017-12-19T05:00:00Z This enables the epithelia to act as selective barriers. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Dynamic T cell migration program provides resident memory within intestinal epithelium. Runx3 programs CD8+ T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have more olfactory receptors and smaller olfactory epithelia. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Mending fences Drugs that target the cytokine IL-22 might counteract damage in ulcerative colitis by reinforcing the epithelium and halting leakage of immunity- triggering microbes into the lamina propria. Gut reaction 2018-11-06T05:00:00Z In this scenario, naive cells form a polarized epithelium that is poised for cavitation. Early embryos kept in check Transitional describes a form of specialized stratified epithelium in which the shape of the cells can vary. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Effect of conditional knockout of the type II TGF-beta receptor gene in mammary epithelia on mammary gland development and polyomavirus middle T antigen induced tumor formation and metastasis. Inflammation-induced IgA+ cells dismantle anti-liver cancer immunity 2017-11-07T05:00:00Z The thyroid gland is made up of many spherical thyroid follicles, which are lined with a simple cuboidal epithelium. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Long-term restoration of damaged corneal surfaces with autologous cultivated corneal epithelium. Regeneration of the entire human epidermis using transgenic stem cells 2017-11-07T05:00:00Z Stern developed a liquid-based sampling system to isolate and enrich the cervical epithelium, and helped define cellular criteria for computer programs. One More Pioneering Woman in Science You've Probably Never Heard Of 2017-11-06T05:00:00Z Simple cuboidal epithelia are observed in the lining of the kidney tubules and in the ducts of glands. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The gut epithelium, which is the thin tissue lining that cavity, is a unique entity. Our gut talks and sometimes argues with our brain. Now we know how. 2017-06-22T04:00:00Z Pathogens are taken up by M cells in the intestinal epithelium and excreted into a pocket formed by the inner surface of the cell. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It is unclear at present whether liquid crystals and epithelia are truly close analogues, or whether cell-specific adjustments to the theory of nematics will be necessary to fully explain cell dynamics in liquid-crystal-like tissues. Biological physics: Liquid crystals in living tissue : Nature : Nature Research 2014-04-11T04:00:00Z For example, when they are generated during inflammation by host enzymes in the intestinal epithelium, these species react to form nitrate89. Interactions between the microbiota and pathogenic bacteria in the gut : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z In simple columnar epithelium, the nucleus of the tall column-like cells tends to be elongated and located in the basal end of the cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Mucosal IgA is secreted across the epithelium by binding to the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, after which it binds to microbes, various components of the diet and to antigens in the lumen of the intestine. The microbiota in adaptive immune homeostasis and disease : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z As a single layer of flat epithelia are more tightly knit than cuboidal cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Saw and co-workers convincingly argue that the active, nematic nature of the epithelium provides a physical mechanism for regulating cell extrusion — a remarkable and beautiful example of the role of soft-matter physics in biology. Biological physics: Liquid crystals in living tissue : Nature : Nature Research 2014-04-11T04:00:00Z Certain species of Bifidobacteria contribute to higher levels of acetate in the gut, which helps to improve the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium and to prevent Shiga toxin from reaching the bloodstream44. Interactions between the microbiota and pathogenic bacteria in the gut : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z Simple columnar epithelium forms the lining of some sections of the digestive system and parts of the female reproductive tract. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z NLRC4 promotes the expulsion of neoplastic or infected cells from the intestinal epithelium. The microbiome and innate immunity : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z Single layers of squamous epithelia facilitate gas, nutrient or waste exchange, whereas stratified layers provide protection but are not replaceable following damage. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This occurs when two cell populations vie for domination and the losing cells are extruded from the epithelium. Biological physics: Liquid crystals in living tissue : Nature : Nature Research 2014-04-11T04:00:00Z There, the invaders will release enzymes to penetrate a thick mucous layer that lines the epithelium. Studies that intentionally infect people with disease-causing bugs are on the rise 2016-05-18T04:00:00Z Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is found in the respiratory tract, where some of these cells have cilia. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z NLRC4 promotes the expulsion of neoplastic or infected cells from the intestinal epithelium. The microbiome and innate immunity : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z Single layers of squamous epithelia facilitate gas, nutrient or waste exchange whereas stratified layers provide protection and are replaceable following damage. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The authors show that compressive stresses induced by orientational ordering and defects in the epithelium provide a physical trigger for cell death. Biological physics: Liquid crystals in living tissue : Nature : Nature Research 2014-04-11T04:00:00Z Nishida’s team was able to remove cells from one region of a disc to grow sheets of corneal epithelium that the researchers then successfully transplanted into rabbits with defective corneas. 'Sci fi' eye experiments improve vision in children — and rabbits 2016-03-08T05:00:00Z Both simple and pseudostratified columnar epithelia are heterogeneous epithelia because they include additional types of cells interspersed among the epithelial cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z PRRs in the epithelium are also important for the elimination of pathogenic infection. The microbiome and innate immunity : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z Single layers of squamous epithelia facilitate only exchange of gases by diffusion, whereas stratified layers provide protection and are replaceable following damage. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Replenishing the damaged retinal pigment epithelium should remedy this, scientists believe. How can scientists 'cure' blindness? - BBC News 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z “We need this environmental exposure to cool down the epithelium so it knows what’s dangerous and not dangerous.” Dirty farm air may ward off asthma in children 2015-09-03T04:00:00Z This epithelium protects against physical and chemical wear and tear. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In people with macular degeneration, this layer is gradually lost — along with the photoreceptors and other cells important for vision that the retinal pigment epithelium supports. Stem cells pass safety test in vision-loss trial 2015-04-29T04:00:00Z The monosaccharides are transported across the intestinal epithelium into the bloodstream to be transported to the different cells in the body. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z These kinds of viruses get into the lungs and replicate on the linings, called epithelia. Why Measles Is the Most Contagious Virus 2015-02-03T05:00:00Z They bound themselves closely to the epithelium and caused the cells in it to react by, for example, doubling their rate of reproduction. Having the stomach for it 2014-10-30T04:00:00Z The stratified epithelium is named by the shape of the most apical layer of cells, closest to the free space. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Ocata's approach is to use coax embryonic stem cells to develop into the cells of a critical, pigmented layer of the retina called the retinal pigment epithelium. Stem cells pass safety test in vision-loss trial 2015-04-29T04:00:00Z Large molecules present in intact food pass through the digestive epithelium and enter the cell through the membrane, thereby damaging the nuclear membrane. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Advanced Cell Technology transformed embryonic stem cells into retinal pigment epithelium cells, which provide support for the light-sensing cells in the eye. Study Backs Use of Stem Cells in Retinas 2014-10-14T04:00:00Z Age-related macular degeneration results from the breakdown of retinal epithelium, a layer of cells that support photoreceptors needed for vision. Japanese woman is first recipient of next-generation stem cells 2014-09-11T04:00:00Z Stratified squamous epithelium is the most common type of stratified epithelium in the human body. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This results in the loss of the light-sensitive photoreceptors that are anchored in the epithelium, and often leads to blindness. Next-generation stem cells cleared for human trial 2014-09-09T04:00:00Z The overall size of the olfactory epithelium also differs between species, with that of bloodhounds, for example, being many times larger than that of humans. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z But remarkably, the epithelium in the nose has adult tissue stem cells that can regenerate to replace those sensory neurons, an ability that seems to decrease with age. Lost sense of smell often invisible, untreatable problem 2014-06-07T04:00:00Z She then coaxed those cells to differentiate into retinal pigment epithelium cells and grow into a sheet for implantation. Japanese woman is first recipient of next-generation stem cells 2014-09-11T04:00:00Z Stratified cuboidal epithelium and stratified columnar epithelium can also be found in certain glands and ducts, but are uncommon in the human body. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In age-related macular degeneration, extra blood vessels form in the eye, destabilizing a supportive base layer of the retina known as the retinal pigment epithelium. Next-generation stem cells cleared for human trial 2014-09-09T04:00:00Z However, the cornea is composed of collagen and elastic fibers, whereas the sclera is composed of connective tissue with epithelia. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z To confirm that donor basal subclones recruit host luminal epithelium to serve as a replacement Wnt1 source at relapse, we turned to northern hybridization analysis of tumour RNAs. Tumour cell heterogeneity maintained by cooperating subclones in Wnt-driven mammary cancers 2014-04-04T18:28:38.990Z This cell-biological mechanism may mediate such cell transitions in other epithelia in normal and cancerous conditions. [Report] Apical Abscission Alters Cell Polarity and Dismantles the Primary Cilium During Neurogenesis 2014-01-09T18:56:58.864Z The surface of the tongue, along with the rest of the oral cavity, is lined by a stratified squamous epithelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This approach that leverages new advances in systems biology and nanotechnology offers a novel noninvasive strategy to block breast cancer progression through targeted silencing of critical genes directly within the mammary epithelium. [Research Articles] Silencing HoxA1 by Intraductal Injection of siRNA Lipidoid Nanoparticles Prevents Mammary Tumor Progression in Mice 2014-01-01T19:25:05.762Z However, the cornea is composed of connective tissue with epithelia, whereas the sclera is composed of collagen and elastic fibers. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “However, the receptors for pheromones do exist in the human nasal epithelium,” said Hoover. Plenty of Pheromones in the Sea 2013-12-06T19:45:03.079Z That process depends on the presence of stem cells tucked in the epithelium underneath the nail, which is a luxury not available throughout the body. New Limb Regeneration Insight Surprises Scientists 2013-11-07T17:15:00.567Z Sloughing off of damaged or dead cells is a characteristic of surface epithelium and allows our airways and digestive tracts to rapidly replace damaged cells with new cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Concern that progress in treating patients with epithelium- or neuroectoderm-derived cancers is simply too slow is increasing. Selection and adaptation during metastatic cancer progression 2013-09-18T17:22:42.817Z Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have fewer olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Their extensive olfactory epithelium allows them to trap and assess odor molecules at concentrations of up to parts per trillion, while we are more in the range of parts per million. Make sense of scents: How to make your dog happy 2013-06-17T17:45:03.213Z After amputation, the Wnt pathway is activated in the epithelium underlying the remaining nail and attracts nerves to the area. How Nails Regenerate Lost Fingertips 2013-06-13T19:15:03.537Z The cells of an epithelium act as gatekeepers of the body controlling permeability and allowing selective transfer of materials across a physical barrier. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z One theory is that the problem begins in the gut, with a disorder of the microbiota, specifically of the all-important epithelium that lines our digestive tract. Say Hello to the 100 Trillion Bacteria That Make Up Your Microbiome 2013-05-15T11:00:20Z Bloodhounds were bred to have a better sense of smell, and thus have more olfactory receptors and larger olfactory epithelia. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Pera raises another concern: that the identity of the cells might not be stable, and that over time they would no longer function as retinal epithelium. Stem cells cruise to clinic 2013-02-27T18:20:30.823Z New cells are created not only in the cochlea but also in the vestibular epithelium, important for balance. Researchers Home in on Biological Ways to Restore Hearing [Excerpt] 2013-02-15T11:15:03.257Z All substances that enter the body must cross an epithelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This is not as peculiar as it might seem — skin and the intestines both form a barrier against pathogens and are composed mostly of epithelium. Genetics: Deep exploration 2012-12-19T18:20:55.300Z The trachea is lined with mucus-producing goblet cells and ciliated epithelia. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The form of the disease that Takahashi will treat occurs when blood vessels invade the retina, destroying the retinal pigment epithelium that supports the light-sensitive photoreceptors. Stem cells cruise to clinic 2013-02-27T18:20:30.823Z It is essentially sunburn of the surface epithelium of the cornea, said Dr. Anne Sumers of Ridgewood Ophthalmology in New Jersey. Well: Really? On a Cloudy Day, Your Eyes Can Be Sunburned 2012-12-10T19:11:28Z The epithelium of the small intestine releases digestive enzymes, for example. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Once they arrive in your nose, odor molecules travel to your nose's olfactory epithelium, the area of the nasal cavity where odor detection occurs. Savory Science: Jelly Bean Taste Test 2012-11-22T15:15:00.183Z Intestine epithelium cells have a "brush border," a structure that is present only in cells specialized for absorption and that is assumed to have arisen as a result of the activity of certain intestine-cell genes. Transplanted Nuclei and Cell Differentiation, by Sir John B. Gurdon 2012-10-09T23:45:00.177Z The developmental capacity of nuclei taken from intestinal epithelium cells of feeding tadpoles. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012-10-08T11:45:05.853Z Of the SCFAs produced from microbial fermentation, butyrate is particularly important as an energy substrate for cellular metabolism in the colonic epithelium. Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism 2012-09-13T11:21:18.130Z Ciliated epithelium lines the ventricles of the brain where it helps circulate the cerebrospinal fluid. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The five main cell types that comprise the epithelium — absorptive enterocytes, goblet cells, Paneth cells, M cells and enteroendocrine cells — develop from a common stem cell located near the base of the intestinal crypts. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z This lifecycle, she explains, “is played out as the epithelium differentiates”. Pathology: Three questions 2012-08-29T17:51:27.637Z The layer of pigment epithelium which is present in the human eye, is present also in that of the trout. Old Flies in New Dresses How to Dress Dry Flies with the Wings in the Natural Position and Some New Wet Flies 2012-04-02T02:00:23.697Z Bladder epithelia and pus-cells are seen in a few cases in small quantities, but decided cystitis is rare, unless it has ensued upon retention of urine. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The ciliated epithelium of your airway forms a mucociliary escalator that sweeps particles of dust and pathogens trapped in the secreted mucous toward the throat. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In this way, the innate and adaptive immune systems constantly monitor the microbiota and are 'informed' of the dominant bacterial species that reside in proximity to the epithelium. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z The epithelium is ejected in the form of a sack or bag, the mouth of which is closely folded, and is filled with the fruit that the bird has been eating. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z Female Parts.—H�morrhage, chronic leucorrhœa, in connection with copious, watery urine and sediments of mucous particles and uriniferous tubules; epithelium. New, Old, and Forgotten Remedies: Papers by Many Writers 2012-02-05T03:00:10Z Renal epithelia and casts are sometimes seen in cases in which there is albuminuria, but usually soon disappear. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Single cell layers form simple epithelia, whereas stacked cells form stratified epithelia. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Like the GALT, the epithelium of the fetal and newborns' intestine is incompletely adapted to dense bacterial colonization, but responds rapidly to perinatal colonization to accommodate the microbiota. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z “There might be something about smoking that’s changing the susceptibility of the epithelium to infection.” Well Blog: Oral HPV More Common in Men Than Women 2012-01-26T15:49:41Z In the latter case, after infection has occurred, the liberated germs at once traverse the intestinal epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 5 "Greek Law" to "Ground-Squirrel" 2011-12-05T03:00:51.527Z It often contains albumen during the first week of this disease, usually hyaline or more or less granular casts, and occasionally red blood-discs, white cells, epithelia of kidneys and bladder, and epithelial detritus. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Each olfactory sensory neuron has dendrites that extend from the apical surface of the epithelium into the mucus lining the cavity. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Throughout life, intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes help to maintain the integrity of the epithelial-cell barrier, limit bacterial translocation and facilitate epithelium repair after injury by secreting soluble mediators, such as antimicrobial peptides. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z We developed small–molecular weight compounds termed mannosides that specifically inhibit the FimH type 1 pilus lectin of UPEC, which mediates bacterial colonization, invasion, and formation of recalcitrant intracellular bacterial communities in the bladder epithelium. [Research Articles] Treatment and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection with Orally Active FimH Inhibitors 2011-11-16T19:55:21.817Z The part in contact with the endosperm is plate-like, and is known as the scutellum; the surface in contact with the endosperm forms an absorptive epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 3 "Gordon, Lord George" to "Grasses" 2011-11-13T03:00:13.177Z This is ultimately coated with epithelium, but neither the villi nor the glands of the mucous membrane are ever reproduced. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The nasal epithelium, including the olfactory cells, can be harmed by airborne toxic chemicals. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Not simply a passive barrier to microbial translocation, the intestinal epithelium is an active sensor of, and conduit for, the dialogue between the host and microbiota. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z Researchers believe that an injury from chlorine gas to the airway lining – or the epithelium – can somehow lead to persistent airway hyper-responsiveness, Balmes said. Chlorine Accidents Take a Big Human Toll 2011-10-20T15:45:00.227Z The tubular epithelium shows little or no demonstrable changes. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z Squamous, cylindrical, and ciliated epithelium may be present and line cavities, at times tubular, whose walls are formed of skin or mucous membrane. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Therefore, the olfactory neurons are regularly replaced within the nasal epithelium, after which the axons of the new neurons must find their appropriate connections in the olfactory bulb. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Figure 2: The barrier function of the intestinal epithelium. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z This layer probably includes, or consists of, germinal epithelium. Natural History of the Ornate Box Turtle, Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz 2011-10-01T02:00:30.200Z During infancy, an idiopathic activation of the neonatal immune system targets the biliary epithelium, obstructs bile ducts, and disrupts the anatomic continuity between the liver and the intestine. [Research Articles] Dendritic Cells Regulate Natural Killer Cell Activation and Epithelial Injury in Experimental Biliary Atresia 2011-09-28T20:25:37.437Z As a rule, the epithelium becomes granular earlier and to a marked degree in the cortical than in the tubular portion. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z In epithelial tissue, cells are closely packed with little or no extracellular matrix except for the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from underlying tissue. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The epithelium is central to the orchestration of intestinal defences. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z The first stage in the development, however, is a thickening of the epithelium of the gums in a direction which is to correspond with the line where the teeth will eventually pierce. Embryology The Beginnings of Life 2011-09-12T02:00:28.483Z Below the surface these walls are excavated with blood-vessels, so that the sac is practically a series of blood-vessels covered with renal epithelium, and forming 509 a meshwork within a space communicating with the exterior. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Crisis occurred on the fifth day, temperature falling 9°, sweating copious, urine 473 ccm. in twenty-four hours, color of porter, highly albuminous, and depositing blood, renal epithelium, hyaline, granular and epithelial casts, all stained reddish. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The main functions of epithelia are protection from the environment, coverage, secretion and excretion, absorption, and filtration. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Figure 2: The barrier function of the intestinal epithelium. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z The dotted line behind the cornea represents its posterior epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 1 "Evangelical Church Conference" to "Fairbairn, Sir William" 2011-07-16T02:00:16.387Z On the first occasion the tentacles were completely covered with this protozoon, so that they appeared at first sight as though encased in flagellated epithelium. Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa 2011-06-25T02:00:17.833Z When, however, the growth of the epithelium advances into the connective tissue, pushing out in all directions and coming in contact with new series of vessels, the opportunities for nutrition are favorable. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The different types of epithelial tissues are characterized by their cellular shapes and arrangements: squamous, cuboidal, or columnar epithelia. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The interplay between the microbiota, intestinal epithelium and innate and adaptive immune cells at homeostasis favours the dominance of regulatory networks that prevent inflammation or immune-mediated disease. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z The anterior epithelium of the lens vesicle remains, but from the posterior the lens fibres are developed and these gradually fill up the cavity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 1 "Evangelical Church Conference" to "Fairbairn, Sir William" 2011-07-16T02:00:16.387Z Age-related macular degeneration, or AMD, typically strikes people older than 60 by thinning a layer of cells at the back of the eye known as the retinal pigment epithelium. A Cure for Age-related Macular Degeneration? 2011-05-06T13:15:02.560Z He showed that these cells had a wholly different origin from epithelium, and were simply scale-like cells of fibrous tissue, to which he applied the name endothelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The resulting mucus is thick and sticky, and the ciliated epithelia cannot effectively remove it from the respiratory system. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Furthermore, a portion of the sIgA response that contributes to partitioning of commensal organisms away from the epithelium is generated in ILFs without the requirement for T cells. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z Keratinized epithelium, which has an outer layer of dead cells called the stratum corneum, offers many advantages for protection against viral infections. What's the deal with male circumcision and female cervical cancer? 2011-04-04T16:15:00.253Z Frequently the toxin acts very markedly on the protoplasm of the kidney epithelium, and causes a shedding of the cells and sometimes inflammatory reaction. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 3 "Fenton, Edward" to "Finistere" 2011-03-14T03:01:00.580Z Such a cavity is not a mere hole, but has a distinct wall of connective tissue lined with epithelium or endothelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z A serous membrane is an epithelial membrane composed of mesodermally derived epithelium called the mesothelium that is supported by connective tissue. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z An additional immune mechanism that prepares the neonate for commensal colonization is the seeding of the intestinal epithelium with specialized intraepithelial lymphocytes before birth. Reciprocal interactions of the intestinal microbiota and immune system 2012-09-13T11:20:55.227Z On the posterior wall of both the saccule and of the utricle there is a ridge, termed in each case the macula acustica, bearing a highly specialized epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z Everything that in vibration or by contact touches the epithelium affects it as pain. ?mile Verhaeren 2011-02-26T03:00:52.147Z The cystoma is the result of an active new formation of epithelium and connective tissue, and is classified as a variety of the epithelial group of tumors. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Other areas include the airways, the digestive tract, as well as the urinary and reproductive systems, all of which are lined by an epithelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z By the formation of outgrowths or ingrowths from these surfaces further structures, consisting largely or entirely of cells directly derived from the surface epithelium, may be formed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z It is true, indications of it may be seen in some of the earlier-formed epithelia, but of nerve cells, muscular cells, and many kinds of gland cells no distinct signs are yet visible. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The inner face of this muscular skin is lined by a layer of epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z Cutaneous cancers, simulating in their structure a reproduction of the epithelium of sweat-glands, represent a variety of glandular cancer. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The cells in simple squamous epithelium have the appearance of thin scales. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It occurs as the covering epithelium of the alveoli of the lung, of the kidney glomerules and capsule, &c. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z The function of the everted filament is probably to secure the attachment of the spore to the epithelium of the new host. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Large lymphoid cells are early seen among those of the mesenchyme, but whether these migrate from the coelomic epithelium, or are originally mesenchymal is doubtful, though the former seems more probable. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z The neighboring epithelia become granular, divested of their cement envelope, and transformed into protoplasmic clusters still connected with the living reticulum by slender threads. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Simple squamous epithelium, because of the thinness of the cell, is present where rapid passage of chemical compounds is observed. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Initially the epithelium cell might have all these functions, but later came specialization and therefore to most cells a specific work. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Most forms attack the intestinal wall, often destroying its epithelium over considerable areas; but one genus, Sphaeractinomyxon, inhabits the body-cavity of its host. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Advanced Cell Technology Inc. hopes to develop the embryonic stem cell therapy called retinal pigment epithelium, or RPE. Stems cells used to treat spinal-cord patient 2010-10-11T20:39:00Z In the process of transformation the increased protoplasm of the epithelia first exhibits shining homogeneous lumps, which, after an intermediate stage of vacuolation, undergo an endogenous metamorphosis into nucleated bodies with a reticulum in each. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The mesothelium is a simple squamous epithelium that forms the surface layer of the serous membrane that lines body cavities and internal organs. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In compound glands the more typical or secretory epithelium is found forming the terminal portion of each branch, and the uniting portions form ducts and are lined with a less modified type of epithelial cell. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Mucous glands in the surface epithelium secrete a sticky fluid which covers the body and to which tiny sand grains stick. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Volume Eleven, Number Two, June 1919 The inferior medullary velum, a reflection of the pia mater and epithelium from the back of the medulla to the inferior vermis, closes it in below. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 4 "Bradford, William" to "Brequigny, Louis" The epithelia are swollen with serous fluid, and the exudate, though largely serous, contains also the corpuscles recognized in plastic lymph. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z In simple cuboidal epithelium, the nucleus of the box-like cells appears round and is generally located near the center of the cell. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z During life the cilia are always in movement, and set up a current tending to drive fluid or other material on the surface in one direction along the membrane or tube lined by such epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z The surface epithelium is modified ciliated columnar, varying slightly in thickness, size of nuclei and size and shape of cell according to location. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Volume Eleven, Number Two, June 1919 The lateral ventricle is lined by a ciliated epithelium called the ependyma. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 4 "Bradford, William" to "Brequigny, Louis" The condition of the membrane is not unalterable, any more than the clinical symptoms of the disease, for, according to different circumstances, epithelium, mucus, blood, and vegetable parasites are added thereto. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z These epithelia are active in the secretion and absorptions of molecules. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This type of epithelium is found covering surfaces commonly exposed to friction. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z The epithelium forming the gills and intestine is also modified ciliated columnar. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Volume Eleven, Number Two, June 1919 The particles of rosin cling to the scales of the epithelium, thus accentuating the projections and the energy of the attack or “bite” upon the strings. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 3 "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" Ciliated epithelium is not so liable to be affected. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Like the cuboidal epithelia, this epithelium is active in the absorption and secretion of molecules. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In the moist mucous surfaces the number of cells forming the epithelial layer is usually much smaller than in a dry stratified epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z These tubes are lined by flattened epithelium and often contain blood capillaries; they communicate with the coelom and are to be regarded as prolongation of it into the thickness of the body wall. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" With use, the scales of the epithelium wear off, and then no matter how much rosin is applied, the bow fails to elicit musical sounds— it is then “played out” and must be re-haired. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 3 "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" This can be done to advantage only where there is a natural tendency to it; that is, where there are a great many muciparous follicles under a cylindrical or fimbriated epithelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Ciliated columnar epithelium is composed of simple columnar epithelial cells with cilia on their apical surfaces. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The epithelium is in three or more layers, the superficial one being very characteristic. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Quite independent of these are certain large dorsally situate funnel-like folds of the coelomic epithelium, ciliated, but of which no duct has been discovered leading to the exterior. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The nervous system of Brachiopods has, as a rule, maintained its primitive connexion with the external epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 3 "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" Wherever there is pavement epithelium on the normal surface, and where the membrane is imbedded into the tissue, steam can hardly be expected to do good. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is a type of epithelium that appears to be stratified but instead consists of a single layer of irregularly shaped and differently sized columnar cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Considering epithelium from the point of view of function, it may be classified as protective, absorptive or secretory. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Each ovum is surrounded by a follicular epithelium which is nourished by numerous blood-vessels, and which penetrates into the surface of the ovum in numerous folds. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" Epithelial cancer is largely composed of cells resembling the natural epithelium of the body. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 2 "Camorra" to "Cape Colony" Carbolic acid exerts a powerful influence on the vitality of all living elements, and hence also on rapidly proliferating epithelium, which constitutes a part of the diphtheritic membrane. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z In pseudostratified epithelium, nuclei of neighboring cells appear at different levels rather than clustered in the basal end. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The secretion is then conducted to the surface by a duct, and this duct is also lined with epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z The vein in this region gives off directly from its wall a complete herbage of little venules, which branch and anastomose with one another, and are clothed by the glandular epithelium of the renal sac. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" It occurs most frequently in those parts provided with epithelium, such as the skin and mucous membranes, or where those adjoin, as in the lips. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 2 "Camorra" to "Cape Colony" A microscopic examination of cholera stools shows that their turbidness depends chiefly upon desquamated epithelium, with which is mixed white corpuscles and bacteria. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Another kind of stratified epithelium is transitional epithelium, so-called because of the gradual changes in the shapes of the apical cells as the bladder fills with urine. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z This restoration is believed to be a function of the living choroid, and probably of the retinal epithelium, though it is independent of the black pigment which this epithelium contains. The Galaxy, April, 1877 Vol. XXIII.—April, 1877.—No. 4. The sweat or perspiration.—The scales of epithelium dip into the skin and there line tiny tubes. Applied Physiology Including the Effects of Alcohol and Narcotics The endoderm is generally also an epithelium one cell in thickness, the cells being digestive, secretory and sometimes muscular. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" The same mucus examined microscopically contains fragments, larger or smaller, of epithelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z When the bladder is empty, this epithelium is convoluted and has cuboidal apical cells with convex, umbrella shaped, apical surfaces. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The upper portion of the small intestines is generally found distended with the rice-water discharges, the mucous membrane is swollen, and there is a remarkable loss of its natural epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" The epithelium.—The skin is covered with a thin layer of cells like fine scales. Applied Physiology Including the Effects of Alcohol and Narcotics Mucus is a viscid fluid secreted by the gland-cells, or epithelia. A Treatise on Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene (Revised Edition) The first statement appears to be explicable by the shrinkage of all the mucous membranes during cholera collapse, for by this merely mechanical agency the inelastic epithelium must necessarily become detached. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z As the bladder fills with urine, this epithelium loses its convolutions and the apical cells transition from cuboidal to squamous. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z They contain large quantities of disintegrated epithelium from the mucous membrane of the intestines. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" The nails.—The top scales of epithelium at the ends of the fingers become matted together to make the nails. Applied Physiology Including the Effects of Alcohol and Narcotics This destruction of the surface epithelium seems to be the essential factor in the production of the caseous patch, often called the false membrane. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle In the tubules, later on, fatty degeneration of the epithelium has been observed, and some cylindrical casts. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The multicellular exocrine glands known as serous glands develop from simple epithelium to form a secretory surface that secretes directly into an inner cavity. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Where it is a mucous membrane of the kind covered by cylinder-epithelium, the cylinders gradually shorten, becoming finally flat, and there results a squamous epithelium: there is a near approach in minute composition to epidermis. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I Hair.—Some of the scales of epithelium over some parts of the body dip into tiny holes in the skin. Applied Physiology Including the Effects of Alcohol and Narcotics This process is known as coagulation necrosis, and the resulting fibroid mass, containing in its meshes the necrosed and degenerated epithelium and leucocytes, constitutes the diphtheritic or false membrane. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle They were lodged in great quantities within the intestinal glands and behind their epithelium, as well as upon the surface of the villi and within them, and sometimes even in the muscular coat. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Areolar tissue underlies most epithelia and represents the connective tissue component of epithelial membranes, which are described further in a later section. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In an epithelium separated from the tongue, these minute and numerous perforations are easily distinguished from the larger ones left by the sensitive papillæ. North American Medical and Surgical Journal, Vol. 2, No. 3, July, 1826 In some cases the depression communicates with the vertebral canal, constituting a complete sacro-coccygeal fistula, which may be lined with cylindrical or ciliated epithelium. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The lining or covering tissues, both internal and external, are known as epithelium. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle In croup there may be a swollen mucous membrane, with a slight superficial mucous exudation, or a more abundant exudation of desquamated epithelium and mucus, as well as a fibrinous false membrane. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Figure 5.4 Epidermis The epidermis is epithelium composed of multiple layers of cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The epidermoid papillæ are separated from the tongue along with the epidermis, or rather, epithelium, by maceration for a few days in vinegar. North American Medical and Surgical Journal, Vol. 2, No. 3, July, 1826 The crypts are distended with yellowish-white plugs, composed of inflammatory exudate, leucocytes, and desquamated epithelium, and these may project from the openings, giving the tonsil a spotted appearance. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. When fibromas develop from the lining or covering tissues they frequently form papillary growths, more or less thickly covered with epithelium, and are then called papillomas, or warts. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle As the cause of a catarrhal inflammation may occasion a destruction of the epithelium or a necrosis of the mucous membrane, the frequent association of catarrhal with fibrinous or diphtheritic inflammations is obvious. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The epithelium includes gastric glands that secrete gastric fluid. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Here then are the changes in the epithelium plus increase in the number of leucocytes. Alcohol: A Dangerous and Unnecessary Medicine, How and Why What Medical Writers Say It is lined with epithelium, and is probably derived from a belated portion of the enamel organ which has been stimulated to active growth by infective processes in the pulp cavity. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. These lobules vary, and are, as is the duct, lined with epithelium. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Fibrinous exudations on mucous surfaces, according to Weigert, can only take place when the epithelium is destroyed. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z An olfactory epithelium used to detect odors is found deeper in the nasal cavity. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z When the inflammation of the epithelia is severe and may lead to their partial destruction, it is called a parenchymatous inflammation; that is, one involving the soft cellular substance. Intestinal Ills Chronic Constipation, Indigestion, Autogenetic Poisons, Diarrhea, Piles, Etc. Also Auto-Infection, Auto-Intoxication, Anemia, Emaciation, Etc. Due to Proctitis and Colitis The oral part, which includes the anterior two-thirds of the organ, is mobile, and the epithelium on its dorsal aspect is modified so as to form several varieties of papillæ. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Animals that are continually housed, and the skins of which receive no cleaning, generally present a coat filled with fine scales, composed of epithelium from the epidermis and dried sebaceous matter. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The catarrhal inflammation of the respective membranes usually represents the mildest form, as it demands an intact epithelium, and a ready removal of the inflammatory product. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The epithelium contains goblet cells, one of the specialized, columnar epithelial cells that produce mucus to trap debris. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A most remarkable and interesting experiment; it has this very important limitation—that it is always epithelium with which it has to do, whereas in Wolff's experiment the regeneration takes place from mesoblastic tissue. Science and Morals and Other Essays At first the swelling is covered by epithelium; in time caseation takes place, the epithelium gives way, and an open sore is formed. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. These white patches are succeeded by ulcerated surfaces, which are caused by the shedding of the white patches of epithelium. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The statements concerning the proliferation of the fixed connective-tissue cells and of epithelium are derived from appearances, and are interpretations of these appearances, not observations of a process. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The cilia of the respiratory epithelium help remove the mucus and debris from the nasal cavity with a constant beating motion, sweeping materials towards the throat to be swallowed. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The optic cup, or its contained fluid, is one chemical compound; epithelium is another; mesoblast is a third. Science and Morals and Other Essays Sometimes from the admixture of a quantity of epithelium it is almost white in colour. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. An extraordinary violent sneezing then sets in, and a strongly corrosive thin discharge, with which much epithelium is thrown off. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 With rare exceptions, a tumor cannot be epithelial in character if its origin is from an organ or a part in which epithelium is absent. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z This moist epithelium functions to warm and humidify incoming air. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z If the down-growth of epithelium into the operative wound is permitted the effects are by no means as pronounced, and the eventual lowering of tension is not as permanent as they otherwise would be. Glaucoma A Symposium Presented at a Meeting of the Chicago Ophthalmological Society, November 17, 1913 Deafness and tinnitus are dependent upon the accumulation of epithelium and débris. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The question is now asked, "Is cancer an organic disease, or is it some functional derangement of the epithelium tissue which causes it to grow indefinitely until it invades some vital organ?" Three Thousand Years of Mental Healing Cancer remains as an epithelial tumor, representing the atypical growth of cells resembling epidermis or the epithelium of glands and mucous membranes, extending into parts where epithelium is not found as a normal constituent. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Capillaries located just beneath the nasal epithelium warm the air by convection. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Basement membrane: that thin layer of tissue upon which the epithelium rests. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology These tumours sometimes become cystic, the cysts being lined with ciliated epithelium and containing colloid material. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The epithelium of the stomach is fairly thick, and consists of five or six layers of compact, indistinctly outlined cells with spherical nuclei. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The alveolar contents of certain cutaneous cancers are cells resembling those of the deeper layers of the rete mucosum, while those of other cancers of the skin resemble rather the epithelium of sweat-glands. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Immune cells that patrol the connective tissue deep to the respiratory epithelium provide additional protection. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Entoderm: the innermost germ layer of the embryo, from which are derived the epithelium of the alimentary canal and accessory structures: = endoderm and hypoblast. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology When near the skin they are of the nature of dermoid cysts, being lined with squamous epithelium and filled with sebaceous material. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. In the section under discussion the trachea, ta, is of about the same size as the oesophagus, but its epithelium is thicker and consists of two or three layers of cells. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The importance of this distinction is obvious when the occurrence of tumors, called cancers, is observed in parts which contain no epithelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Continuous with the laryngopharynx, the superior portion of the larynx is lined with stratified squamous epithelium, transitioning into pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium that contains goblet cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Foregut: extends from the mouth to the end of gizzard; its epithelium being formed from the ectodermal invagination known as the stomodaeum. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology When deeply placed, they are lined by cylindrical or ciliated epithelium and contain a glairy mucoid fluid. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Surrounding the epithelium of the lung rudiments is a thin layer of quite dense mesoblastic tissue. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator Large epithelial tumors may thus arise within organs, but, as the surfaces are reached, the sources of nourishment become farther removed and the degeneration of the epithelium favors its detachment and the formation of ulcers. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Similar to the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, this specialized epithelium produces mucus to trap debris and pathogens as they enter the trachea. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The process begins in one great class of cells, the epithelium of the secreting glands. Preventable Diseases The part of the tract near the tongue is lined by squamous epithelium; the lower part by columnar epithelium, which, below the level of the hyoid, is usually ciliated. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The epithelium of the duodenum consists of four or five layers of compactly arranged cells, near the center of an oval mass of fairly dense mesoblast. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The latter are found in various stages of degeneration, the appearances being similar to those observed in the mucous degeneration of true epithelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The simple squamous epithelium formed by type I alveolar cells is attached to a thin, elastic basement membrane. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The only apparent exception is the epithelium of the skin, which can be used in grafting or skinning over a wide raw surface in another individual. Preventable Diseases In all other sense organs, as, for instance, the olfactory sacs and the ears, the percipient epithelium is derived, from the epiblast directly, and not indirectly through the nervous system. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Its epithelium consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The mucous metamorphosis affects connective tissues as well as epithelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z This epithelium is extremely thin and borders the endothelial membrane of capillaries. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The epidermis or superficial layer is composed of pavement epithelium and cylindrical cells. The Dawn of Reason or, Mental Traits in the Lower Animals Ciliated epithelium from the roof of the frog's mouth. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The epithelium of these intestinal sections, especially the lower two, consists of usually a single layer of columnar cells which are clearer than those of the stomach. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The structure of cancer suggested an organ, as it consisted of collections of cells resembling epithelium, within spaces or alveoli whose walls were formed of connective tissue. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z This epithelium protects against erosion from food particles. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The middle layer, on the contrary, forms nerves and muscles, vessels and connective tissue, and little or no epithelium. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The general name for such tissues is epithelium. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The former is of about the same size as the more anterior sections of the intestine, but its epithelium is less clear and is composed of two or more layers of cells. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator As the original cancer is considered as possible only in parts where epithelium is a normal constituent, so the primitive sarcoma is possible only in parts where connective tissue is present. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z In the epithelium, gastric pits lead to gastric glands that secrete gastric juice. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The lower layer gives rise to the epithelium and the proper tissue of the alimentary canal and its derivatives, as the liver, lungs, pancreas, kidneys, thyroid, thymus, etc. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology This epithelium of the villi has the outer border curiously striated, and this is usually spoken of as leading towards "ciliated" epithelium, to be described immediately. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The pharyngeal epithelium is rather thicker than that of the oral cavity. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator There are consequently the connective-tissue group; that of tissues of higher function, as muscle, nerve, and vessels; and the epithelial group, in which the new formation of epithelium is the essential feature. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z In fact, the surface epithelium of the stomach is completely replaced every 3 to 6 days. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Some surgeons leave them at this stage, but others prefer to remove the raised epithelium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" The remainder of the eye-structures are of mesoblastic origin, except the superficial epithelium of the cornea. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The character of the epithelium of the enteron caudad to the pharynx will be discussed in connection with the sections to be described below. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator In the above varieties the growth of epithelium is more or less typical, a simple hyperplasia, either alone or combined with the new formation of fibrous tissue. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z There are about 20 to 40 villi per square millimeter, increasing the surface area of the epithelium tremendously. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Disturbance of the epithelium in the presence of pus without abscess usually permits enough absorption to elevate the temperature slightly for a few days. Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery Scrape the roof of the mouth of the frog gently, to obtain ciliated epithelium; and mount in very weak salt solution-- the cilia will still be active. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The surrounding mesoblast is differentiated into muscle fibers, figure 7J, ml, which form a fairly distinct layer; inside of this layer is a tall columnar epithelium, ep�, which is thrown into prominent folds. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator Includes those tumors, usually of congenital origin and apparent at birth, composed of connective tissue, epithelium, nerves, muscle, and vessels. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The mucosal epithelium, primarily composed of absorptive cells, covers the villi. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Punctures should be made as nearly as possible perpendicular to the surface, so as to minimize the destruction of epithelium and thus lessen the reaction. Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery Squamous epithelium may be seen by the student similarly scraping the interior of his own cheek. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata A thin layer of mesoblast, probably the submucosa, sl, lies beneath the epithelium and projects up into the folds. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator During absorption from the intestine in the process of digestion fat is present in the epithelium in a finely granular form. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the action of salivary amylase on starches and ends with monosaccharides being absorbed across the epithelium of the small intestine. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The edges of forceps jaws are likely to scratch the epithelium. Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy A Manual of Peroral Endoscopy and Laryngeal Surgery The cells of this epithelium have their internal borders differentiated into spermatozoa, which, at a subsequent stage, are liberated. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The epithelium is here stratified instead of simple columnar, and the folds into which it is thrown are broader and less numerous than in the duodenum above described. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator Even in some who died on the second or third day he found cloudiness of the epithelium in the renal tubes, although the urine had not indicated such a change. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z This region is referred to as the olfactory epithelium and contains bipolar sensory neurons. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z For the first three or four days there is a discharge from the uterus more or less sanguineous in character, consisting of blood, mucus, epithelium, and shreds of membrane. Aids to Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Describe its epithelium, and the vessels within it. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The epithelium of the cloaca is, of course, simply a continuation of that of the surface of the body, somewhat thickened, perhaps, in the deeper regions. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator In a similar manner I shall prove hereafter that even peculiarities and variations in the tissue and epithelium of the human body give rise to different shades and variable clinical symptoms in the diphtheritic processes. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The axon of an olfactory neuron extends from the basal surface of the epithelium, through an olfactory foramen in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, and into the brain. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The epithelium, like the cuticle, is without blood vessels, nerves, or glands. Physiology and Hygiene for Secondary Schools Give a general account of its functions. Describe the minute anatomy of the kidney, and the functions of the several parts. What is ciliated epithelium? Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The pharynx, ph, is lined with a comparatively thin epithelium and opens, on the left, at two places, one the mouth and the other the second gill cleft, g2. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator A croupous inflammation means destruction of epithelium, which gives rise to a fibrinous exudation upon the surface, while the cellular tissue remains intact. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Beneath this level, the mesenchymal cell is a stem cell that develops only into types of connective tissue, including fibrous connective tissue, bone, cartilage, and blood, but not epithelium, muscle, and nervous tissue. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It is made up of two layers—a thick underlayer which contains blood vessels, nerves, and glands, and a thin surface layer, called the epithelium. Physiology and Hygiene for Secondary Schools The epidermis is continued over the outer face of this as a thin, transparent epithelium. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata It now lies deep in the tissue of the floor of the pharynx, entirely separated from the pharyngeal epithelium. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator Whenever the neighboring surface is affected with catarrh or inflammation, or injured so that the epithelium gets loose or thrown off, the diphtheritic exudation will spread within a very short time. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The lining of the conducting zone is composed mostly of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The squamous epithelial cancer or epithelioma originates from a surface covered by squamous epithelium, such as the skin, or the mucous membrane of the mouth, gullet, or larynx. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Ciliated epithelium is commoner and occurs more abundantly than in the rabbit, in the roof of the mouth for instance, and its red blood corpuscles are much larger, oval, and nucleated. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The epithelium consists here of three or four layers of compactly arranged cells, and has about the same appearance as in the oesophagus and duodenum. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator Between these chambers the separating strata of epithelia are compressed so as to form septa or partition walls. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z As the bronchioles become smaller and smaller, and nearer the alveoli, the epithelium thins and is simple squamous epithelium in the alveoli. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The columnar epithelial cancer or columnar epithelioma originates in mucous membranes covered with columnar epithelium, and is chiefly met with in the stomach and intestine. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Each one is an elevation of the mucous membrane, covered by epithelium and surrounded by a trench. Mother's Remedies Over One Thousand Tried and Tested Remedies from Mothers of the United States and Canada Its epithelium is of the simple columnar type, the cells being long, with generally basally located nuclei. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator The pavement epithelium becomes altered in a peculiar manner. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The endothelium of the surrounding capillaries, together with the alveolar epithelium, forms the respiratory membrane. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Granulations spring up to fill the gap, and are rapidly covered by epithelium, derived partly from the margins and partly from the remains of skin glands which have not been completely destroyed. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. On the sides of the papillae, embedded in the epithelium, are small oval bodies called taste-buds. Mother's Remedies Over One Thousand Tried and Tested Remedies from Mothers of the United States and Canada Each bronchus, like the trachea, is lined with an epithelium of three or four layers of cells; but the epithelium is surrounded by a thin layer of much condensed mesoblast. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator He does not believe in the probability of an exclusively endogenous origin of the cellular elements of croup membrane; in fact, he doubts the occurrence of an endogenous formation of pus-globules in epithelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The interior surface is made of transitional cellular epithelium that is structurally suited for the large volume fluctuations of the bladder. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In the papillomas of the skin—commonly known as warts—the covering consists of epidermis; in those growing from mucous surfaces it consists of the epithelium covering the mucous membrane. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The epithelium of the tubules is granular, or fatty or the tubules are distended and contain casts. Mother's Remedies Over One Thousand Tried and Tested Remedies from Mothers of the United States and Canada The epithelium of this part of the intestine consists of a single layer of clear, columnar cells, which, around the borders of the opening, are thrown into numerous folds and are almost of goblet form. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator Fresh croupous membrane consists of a delicate network of homogeneous structure and shining appearance, in which numerous cells and the epithelium of the various layers of the trachea are imbedded. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The neurons in the olfactory epithelium have a limited life span, and new cells grow to replace the ones that die off. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z As pyogenic bacteria are invariably found in the blisters of burns, these must be opened and the raised epithelium removed. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The mucous surface extends into these forming deep pockets lined with very thin epithelium, and in these d�bris of all sorts accumulates and provides material favorable for bacterial growth. Disease and Its Causes The allantois is cut near its opening into the hindgut; its walls 14 are thin, the epithelium consisting of but a single layer of more or less flattened cells. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator Zahn also establishes three varieties—viz. 1st, such as result from a peculiar degeneration of pavement epithelium; 2d, such as originate in the solidification of a muco-fibrinous, and, 3d, of a fibrino-purulent, exudation. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The epithelium of the nasal passages, for example, is essential to sensing odors, and the bronchial epithelium that lines the lungs can metabolize some airborne carcinogens. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The effect is soon shown by the ingrowth of healthy epithelium from the surrounding skin, and at the same time the discharge is lessened. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. In a stereograph sent us by the same gentleman the epithelium scales from mucous membrane are shown floating or half-submerged in fluid,—a very curious effect, requiring the double image to produce it. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 69, July, 1863 The mouth and pharynx are lined at this stage with a thin, stratified epithelium, which consists of a basal layer of rather tall columnar cells and one or two superficial layers of flattened cells. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator H�hr has demonstrated that their epithelium exhibits interruptions in its continuity. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The function of the pharyngeal tonsil is not well understood, but it contains a rich supply of lymphocytes and is covered with ciliated epithelium that traps and destroys invading pathogens that enter during inhalation. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Varieties of Tumours.—In the following description, tumours are classified on an anatomical basis, taking in order first the connective-tissue group and subsequently those that originate in epithelium. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The outer layer of this is a ciliated epithelium or layer of cells. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 It is lined by an epithelium which here consists of a single layer of columnar 17 or cuboidal cells with large nuclei. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator In the intestine after death considerable quantities of epithelium are found floating in the contained liquid or else loosely adherent to the mucous membrane. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The tunica intima is a thin layer composed of a simple squamous epithelium known as endothelium and a small amount of connective tissue. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In the absence of mucous patches and ulcers, the sore throat may be characterised by a bluish tinge of the inflamed mucous membrane and a thin film of shed epithelium on the surface. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. When differentiation has advanced so that such distinct types of tissue have been formed as connective tissue, epithelium, muscle, nerve, these do not again merge through metaplasia. Q. E. D., or New Light on the Doctrine of Creation On the ventral side, where the oesophageal wall is in contact with that of the trachea the epithelium is somewhat thickened by an increase in the number of cell layers. Development of the Digestive Canal of the American Alligator As far as they go, they harmonize with a long-prevalent opinion that the cholera poison consists of certain microscopic germs, which, on being received into the bowels, propagate their kind and destroy the epithelium. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The stratified squamous epithelium of the oropharynx is continuous with the laryngopharynx. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z On a mucous surface the papular eruption assumes the form of mucous patches, which are areas with a congested base covered with a thin white film of sodden epithelium like wet tissue-paper. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Imagine that all have a continuous covering of a proliferating epithelium. Diseases of the Horse's Foot According to the review of this article, Toldt explains the case by assuming that other parts of the celomic epithelium, besides that of the mesogastrium, are capable of forming splenic tissue. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine The mucous surfaces become dry, crack, and bleed where the epithelium is torn, and become covered with offensive crusts. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, which is continuous with the larynx. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The epithelial odontoma is derived from persistent portions of the epithelium of the enamel organ, and constitutes a multilocular cystic tumour which is chiefly met with in the mandible. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The fine basement membrane separating epithelium from corium is still clearly evident. Diseases of the Horse's Foot The tooth resembled a milk canine; the end of the imperfect root was covered with a fold of mucous membrane, with stratified epithelium. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine First appear circumscribed patches of hyper�mia, in which the papillary layer of the corium is concerned, and which is followed by some thickening of the rete, the epithelia involved becoming coarsely granular. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The mucosa is referred to as a mucous membrane, because mucus production is a characteristic feature of gut epithelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z When the surface epithelium projects as filiform processes, the tumour is called a villous papilloma, the best-known example of which is met with in the urinary bladder. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. These occur as thickenings and down-growths of the epithelium into the corium. Diseases of the Horse's Foot The hardened masses of epithelium develop in excess, the epidermal layer loses in integrity, and the surface becomes scaled like that of a fish. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine It generally includes also various sorts of d�bris—broken-down epithelium, blood-corpuscles, pus-corpuscles, and even, in rare cases, a core of sphacelated tissue like that of a furuncle. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The membrane consists of epithelium, which is in direct contact with ingested food, and the lamina propria, a layer of connective tissue analogous to the dermis. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The cells composing the columns and filling the alveoli vary with the character of the epithelium in which the cancer originates. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Inwardly he was lined with cast-off epitheliums, as outwardly he was clad in the painter's discarded coats. The Troll Garden and Selected Stories Under normal conditions, our body is closed to these organisms through the epidermis and epithelium, and, as has been shown by Mr. Pasteur, no bacteria are found in the blood and tissues of living animals. Scientific American Supplement, No. 447, July 26, 1884 I saw you scrape from the skin of an ague patient sweat and epithelium with the spores and the full grown plants of the Gemiasma verdans. 2d. Scientific American Supplement, No. 384, May 12, 1883 In the stomach and intestines, it is a simple columnar epithelium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z An excessive and erratic growth of epithelium is the essential and distinguishing feature of these tumours. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The left and larger gonad had a quite similar structure, but at its lower end were found two ova enclosed within a follicular epithelium. Hormones and Heredity Saliva dribbles from the mouth, and in severe cases it is mixed with white, stringy shreds of epithelium and tinged with blood. Common Diseases of Farm Animals The throat is lined with mucous membrane covered with ciliated epithelium, which secretes a lubricating fluid which keeps the parts moist and pliable. A Practical Physiology Notice that the epithelium is in direct contact with the lumen, the space inside the alimentary canal. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Such a dermoid usually takes the form of a globular cyst, the wall of which consists of skin, and the contents of turbid fluid containing desquamated epithelium, fat droplets, cholestrol crystals, and detached hairs. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The pressure of the secretion in the alveoli causes the cells to cease to secrete, much in the same way that pressure in the ureters injures the secretory action of the renal epithelium. Hormones and Heredity This layer is the blastoderm, the simple epithelium from the cells of which all the tissues of the body proceed. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 It shows the columnar epithelium of the surface dipping down into the duct D of the gland, from which two tubes branch off. A Practical Physiology The simple columnar epithelium of the gallbladder mucosa is organized in rugae, similar to those of the stomach. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A cancer is a malignant tumour which originates in epithelium. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The two limiting layers chiefly give rise to epithelia, or covering-tissues, and glands and nerves, while the middle layers form the great bulk of the fibrous tissue, muscles, and connective matter. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 The surface is covered with ciliated epithelium, a stratum of ectodermic cells. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 They are distributed through every tissue of the body, except the epidermis and its products, the epithelium, the cartilages, and the substance of the teeth. A Practical Physiology The thick portion is lined with simple cuboidal epithelium without a brush border. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The cancer cells are derived by proliferation from already existing epithelium, and they invade the sub-epithelial connective tissue in the form of simple or branching columns. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. In this simplest form, as a one-layered epithelium, we find it, at first, in all the vertebrates, and throughout life in the acrania. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Ciliated epithelium from the mouth of a frog was placed in a solution of .03 gramme to 4.6 cubic cm. of water; others being placed at the same time in pure water for comparison. Insectivorous Plants This membrane is the delicate wall of the capillaries and the epithelium of the air cells. A Practical Physiology Lining the tunica intima is the specialized simple squamous epithelium called the endothelium, which is continuous throughout the entire vascular system, including the lining of the chambers of the heart. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Cancer may arise on any surface covered by epithelium or in any of the secreting glands of the body, but it is much more common in some situations than in others. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Menstruation may, then, be defined as the periodic discharge of blood from the uterus, accompanied by the shedding of the epithelium of the body, as well as that of the uterine glands near their orifices. The Four Epochs of Woman's Life; a study in hygiene Very commonly they have undergone a change of figure, most frequently a flattening which reduces them to scales, as in the epidermis and the epithelium. Medical Essays, 1842-1882 A, represents the alimentary canal; L, the pulmonary surface; K, the surface of the renal epithelium; S, the skin; o, oxygen; h, hydrogen; n, nitrogen. A Practical Physiology At the edges the epithelium has proliferated and is covering over the newly formed granulation tissue. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Its malignancy is shown by the proliferating epithelium invading the other coats of the stomach or intestine, and by the development of secondary growths. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The sanguineous discharge is due partly to the oozing of blood from the surfaces denuded of epithelium, and partly to active congestion. The Four Epochs of Woman's Life; a study in hygiene Its condition does not in the least imply a similar one of the stomach, which is a very different structure, covered with a different kind of epithelium, and furnished with entirely different secretions. Medical Essays, 1842-1882 A most interesting quality of cell life is motion, a beautiful form of which is found in ciliated epithelium. A Practical Physiology This granulation tissue is gradually replaced by young cicatricial tissue, and the surface is covered by the ingrowth of epithelium from the edges. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The cavity of the cyst usually contains a pultaceous mixture of shed epithelium, fluid fat, and hair. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. It is supposed that the ovum is grasped by the fringe-like extremity of the Fallopian tube and is carried through it by the movements of the ciliary epithelium to the uterus. The Four Epochs of Woman's Life; a study in hygiene As the epithelium increases in thickness it assumes a bluish hue and eventually the cells become cornified and the epithelium assumes a greyish-white colour. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Such a simple tissue is called an epithelium or surface-limiting tissue, and the cells are known as epithelial cells. A Practical Physiology Epithelium.—Epithelium is only reproduced from pre-existing epithelium, and, as a rule, from one of a similar type, although metaplastic transformation of cells of one kind of epithelium into another kind can take place. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The edges are inflamed, irregular, and ragged, showing no sign of growing epithelium—on the contrary, the sore may be actually increasing in area by the breaking-down of the tissues at its margins. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. As the main local obstacle to healing is the down-growth of epithelium along the sides of the ulcer, this must be removed by the knife or sharp spoon. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The glandular or spheroidal epithelium is composed of round cells or such as become angular by mutual pressure. A Practical Physiology In the former case the epithelium is said to be simple; in the latter, stratified. A Practical Physiology This epithelium is especially common in the air passages, where it serves to keep a free passage for the entrance and exit of air. A Practical Physiology Under this scab the formation of granulation tissue, its transformation into cicatricial tissue, and the growth of epithelium on the surface, go on until in the course of time the crust separates, leaving a scar. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. In other canals a similar office is filled by this kind of epithelium. A Practical Physiology Thus the layers of epithelium which form the superficial layer of the skin have little beyond such an office to discharge. A Practical Physiology The squamous or pavement epithelium consists of very thin, flattened scales, usually with a small nucleus in the center. A Practical Physiology It consists essentially of modified ephithelial cells floated upon the auditory epithelium, or basilar membrane, of the cochlea. A Practical Physiology The epithelium of a mucous membrane is regenerated in the same way as that on a cutaneous surface. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. |
| 随便看 |
英语例句辞典收录了117811条英语例句在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词及词组的例句翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。