Chaos theory was developed by scientists, trying to explain the movement of the planets and the changes in environmental conditions.

混沌理论是科学家们提出试图用来解释行星运动和环境状况变化的理论。

Kathy, chaos theory seems to be a branch of physics or mathematics.

Kathy，混沌理论好像是物理学还是数学的一个分支。

14. What was chaos theory supposed to do when it was first formulated?

14。混沌理论最初形成的时候，本该是用来做什么的？

If only Mary had asked how a toaster works or asked for an explanation of the Chaos theory.

要是玛丽只是问他烤箱的工作原理或者只是让他解释混沌理论那该多好。

In the 1990s, many economists began to look at chaos theory as a way of providing models for forecasting.

二十世纪九十年代，很多经济学家都开始把混沌理论当做一种提供预测模型的方法。

Here, she encountered her first computer while developing software to support research into the new field of chaos theory.

在这儿，她首次接触了电脑，开发了支援研究混沌理念这个新领域的软件。

An increasing number. In the 1990s, many economists began to look at chaos theory as a way of providing models for forecasting.

越来越多。上世纪90年代，许多经济学家开始将混沌理论作为提供预测模型的一种方法。

Kathy, chaos theory seems to be a branch of physics or mathematics. You are an economist, so how does it influence your work?

凯西，混沌理论好像是物理学或数学的分支。作为经济学家，这一理论对你的工作有何影响？

It's a lot like the so-called " butterfly effect" — a term coined by meteorologist Edward Lorenz in the 1960's to explain chaos theory.

这与所谓的“蝴蝶效应”颇为相似，而“蝴蝶效应”是上世纪60年代气象学家 Edward Lorenz 用来解释混沌理论而创造的词语。

Which leads us to Chaos theory.

这引出了混沌理论。

The butterfly effect is a part of chaos theory, suggesting that a small change in one state can result in larger differences in a later state.

蝴蝶效应是混沌理论的一部分，说明一种状态的微小变化可能导致随后状态的巨大变化。

But, see, chaos theory isn't exactly about chaos.

但是 要知道 混沌理论不单单是关于混乱的。

Chaos theory is the description of large complex systems and how small differences in initial conditions can lead to very different final outcomes.

混沌理论描述的是大型复杂系统以及初始条件的微小差异如何导致非常不同的最终结果。

Well, that's a good question, because the basic idea of chaos theory is that there aren't any " models" as such there aren't guaranteed forms, but rather patterns of change in development.

你这个问题问得很好，因为混沌理论的基本想法是，根本没有什么“模型”，没有肯定的形式，而是在发展的变化中存在一些模式。

And a lot of this theory from probability to statistics and actually more recently things like game theory and chaos theory originated with studying games of chance, so I think science actually has benefitted a lot from people's curiosity about gambling.

而实际上从这种概率论到统计学，再到最近的博弈理论及混沌理论都是来源于研究赌博游戏的获胜几率，因此我认为科学从人们对赌博所产生的好奇心理中受益。

But a new study by mathematicians in Germany and the U.K. has applied the tools of chaos theory to show that divisions of a constructive kind could actually bring the pandemic under control much more effectively.

但德国和英国数学家的一项新研究应用混沌理论工具表明，建设性的分裂实际上可以更有效地控制大流行病。