Coarctation of the aorta and a bicuspid aortic valve can cause lower extremity cyanosis, meaning a bluish or purplish discoloration of the lower limbs, and can result in congestive heart failure.

主动脉缩窄和二叶式主动脉瓣畸形会导致下肢紫绀，意味着下肢呈青紫色，并可导致充血性心力衰竭。

There are also plenty of other unidentified genes on the X chromosome, so individuals with Turner syndrome are predisposed to cardiovascular defects like preductal coarctation of the aorta and bicuspid aortic valve.

X染色体上还有很多其它未被识别的基因，所以特纳综合征患者容易出现心血管缺陷疾病，如导管前型主动脉缩窄、二叶式主动脉瓣畸形。