The electric field equals the electrostatic  force divided by the charge on the small, positive test charge.

电场等于静电力除以小正测试电荷上的电荷。

OK, we’ve used our hypothetical positive test charge to describe how much voltage is present across the charged capacitor.

好的，我们已经使用假设的正测试电荷来描述充电电容器两端存在多少电压。

To measure potential energy in an electric field, let’s imagine a positive test charge that’s moving between a capacitor’s plates.

为了测量电场中的势能， 让我们想象一下在电容器极板之间移动的正测试电荷。

OK, we've used our hypothetical positive test charge to describe how much voltage is present across the charged capacitor.

我们使用默认测试发货来描述 充电电容器中的张力量。

To measure potential energy in an electric field, let's imagine a positive test charge that's moving between a capacitor's plates.

为了测量电场的势能，让我们想象一下 正测试电荷在电容器的两个极板之间移动。

All positive test charges between the plates would move from the positive plate to the negative plate.

两个面板之间的所有正测试电荷 它从正极板到负极板。

Let's say we want to create an electric field where all positive test charges move uniformly in a single direction.

假设我们要生成一个所有人都在移动的字段 阳性测试定期向一个方向充电。

The electric potential depends on the electric field and the position, but it does not depend on the charge of the test charge.

电势取决于电场 和位置，并且不取决于测试货物的价值。

Again, let's start with our positive point charge, capital Q located at Point A and our small positive test charge, small q.

让我们从正点电荷 Q 开始 点 A 和小正测试电荷 q。

This also means that a negative test charge would feel a force in the exact opposite direction.

这也意味着将遇到正测试电荷 完全相反方向的力。

We also know that this force is equal to the value of the test charge times the electric field.

我们也知道这个力等于电荷的值 测试乘以电场。

So a test charge on the right side of the positive point charge won't have the same potential as one the same distance away on the opposite side.

所以正点电荷右侧的测试电荷不会 它与另一端相同距离的另一个延迟相同。

So a test charge on the right side of the positive point charge won’t have the same potential as one the same distance away on the opposite side.

因此， 正点电荷右侧的测试电荷与另一侧相同距离的测试电荷的电势不同。

And this drop in potential energy, divided by the test charge's magnitude, gives us the electric potential energy difference per unit charge, also known as the electric potential.

势能随着测试电荷量的减少给我们带来了差异 单次充电中的电势能，又称电势。

We can represent this voltage drop visually, by drawing lines along the locations where all the test charges have the same voltage.

张力下降可以用画线表示 测试负载具有相同张力的位置。

And if you do, you'll see that the magnitude of the test charge cancels out and we're left with an expression that relies solely on big Q.

如果你这样做，你会看到测试费用的金额 没有，我们只剩下一个仅依赖于 Q 的语句。

This means if we place a positive test charge anywhere the field lines will point in the direction of the force exerted on a positive test charge.

也就是说，当在任何地方放置一个正测试电荷时 场线表示施加在它们上的力的方向。

To study the effect that big Q has on other charges, we'll bring in a small positive test charge, small q, and measure the force that's acting on it.

为了研究 Q 对电荷的影响，我们引入了一个测试电荷 小正数 (q)。我们测量施加在它上面的力。

If a positive test charge were placed directly between the particles the force exerted on it would be in the same direction that the electric field points toward the negative particle.

当在粒子之间放置一个正测试电荷时。 力的方向是朝向负粒子的场。

The electric field line diagram for a fixed Q that's negatively charged would look like that of a positive Q, but with arrows pointing inward to signify that positive test charges would be attracted to Q.

负 q 的电场线图，类似于 Q 图为正，但测试电荷被 Q 吸引。