Society is composed of social facts, and bound together by common consciousness.

社会由社会事实组成，并由共同意识联系在一起。

And the object for Durkheim was the social fact.

涂尔干的对象是社会事实。

We talked about social facts and how he framed sociology as a science.

我们讨论了社会事实以及他如何将社会学定义为一门科学。

Social facts include all kinds of things.

社会事实包括各种各样的事情。

To the North, slavery was a matter of feeling. But to the South, Clay said, it was a hard social and economic fact.

在北方，奴隶制中夹杂着感情问题。但克莱说，在南方，这是一个艰难的社会和经济事实。

By studying society scientifically, and understanding social facts, sociologists can diagnose the disease and prescribe the cure.

通过科学地研究社会，了解社会事实，社会学家可以诊断疾病并开出治疗方案。

Second, notice that social facts are external to the individual.

其次，注意社会事实对个人来说是外在的。

It’s a social fact, with an existence that’s external to you.

这是一个社会事实，存在于你之外。

But what Durkheim means here is that social facts have a life outside of you or me.

但涂尔干在这里的意思是，社会事实在你我之外有生命。

Social facts include everything from political systems, to beliefs about right and wrong, to suicide rates, to holiday celebrations, and architectural styles.

社会事实包括从政治制度到对与错的信念、自杀率、节日庆典和建筑风格的一切。

What's important is that we can see here the power of a social fact, even in a situation where no one directly involved believes in it!

重要的是， 我们可以在这里看到一个社会事实的力量，即使是在没有直接参与者相信它的情况下！

But yet another problem with positivist sociology is that not all social facts can be applied to all people, in all time periods.

但实证主义社会学的另一个问题是，并非所有社会事实都适用于所有时期的所有人。

Social facts and their coercive power represent a form of social cohesion, which points us back to our original question: how societies hold together and how they can go wrong.

社会事实及其强制力代表了一种社会凝聚力，这使我们回到了最初的问题：社会如何凝聚在一起以及它们如何出错。