In April Haruhiko Kuroda, the governor of the BoJ, had said the bank would encourage further falls in nominal interest rates.

4月，日本央行(BOJ)行长黑田东彦宣称，日本央行将支持名义利率的进一步下跌。

Indeed, the idea that nominal interest rates cannot fall below zero is a reason why central banks have adopted policies such as quantitative easing.

确实，名义利率不能低于零是央行实行比如量化宽松这样的政策的原因。

It applies when nominal interest rates or risk-free returns exceed nominal growth.

它适用于名义利率或无风险回报超过名义增长率的情况。