These three are all technically monoamines but norepinephrine and dopamine are classified as catecholamines.

严格说来，这三种激素都属于单胺，但去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺也被归为儿茶酚胺。

I'm leading a study to see if deficiency of the monoamine oxidase enzyme leads to paralyzing fear in monkeys.

我将带领团队研究单胺氧化酶的缺失是否会导致猴子精神崩溃。

Both drugs affected a class of neurotransmitters called monoamines.

这两种药物都会影响一类称为单胺的神经递质。

You know, not a lot of people know this, but the monoamine oxidase enzyme was discovered by a woman, Mary Bernheim.

很多人都不知道这个单胺氧化酶是由一位名叫玛丽·伯恩海姆的女性发现的。

These two so-called " antidepressants" blocked the usual depletion of the catecholamines dopamine and norepinephrine and blocked the depletion of the monoamine serotonin.

这两种所谓的“抗抑郁药”阻止了儿茶酚胺、多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素的消耗，也阻止了 5-羟色胺这种单胺的消耗。

Very similarly, there are medications like selegiline which inhibits monoamine oxidase B, also known as MAO-B, which is another enzyme that metabolizes dopamine.

类似地，像司来吉兰等药物可以抑制单胺氧化酶B，即MAO-B，另一种可以分解代谢多巴胺的酶。

Ipronaizid, imipramine, and other drugs like them were thought to restore that balance by increasing the availability of monoamines in the brain.

异丙肼、丙咪嗪和其他类似药物被认为可以通过增加大脑中单胺的可用性来恢复这种平衡。

These drugs targeted several different monoamines, each of which acted on a wide range of receptors in the brain.

这些药物针对几种不同的单胺类药物，每一种单胺类药物都作用于大脑中的多种受体。

The discovery of these antidepressant drugs gave rise to the chemical imbalance theory, the idea that depression is caused by having insufficient monoamines in the brain's synapses.

这些抗抑郁药物的发现引发了化学失衡理论，认为抑郁症是由于大脑突触中的单胺不足引起的。

In the 1970s, several different researchers converged on an answer: the most effective antidepressants all seemed to act on one monoamine called serotonin.

在 20 世纪 70 年代，几位不同的研究人员得出了一个答案：最有效的抗抑郁药似乎都作用于一种叫做血清素的单胺。

Hoping to make the drugs more targeted and reduce side effects, scientists began studying existing antidepressants to figure out which specific monoamines were most associated with improvements in depression.

为了使药物更有针对性并减少副作用，科学家们开始研究现有的抗抑郁药，以确定哪些特定的单胺与抑郁症的改善最相关。

We're also not sure why antidepressants work the way they do: they change monoamine levels within a few hours of taking the medication, but patients usually don't feel the benefit until weeks later.

我们也不确定为什么抗抑郁药会以它们的方式起作用：它们会在服用药物后的几个小时内改变单胺水平，但患者通常要到几周后才会感受到好处。