Monopoly of one kind or another, indeed, seems to be the sole engine of the mercantile system.

事实上，某种垄断似乎是商业体系的唯一引擎。

Of all the expedients of the mercantile system, accordingly, it is the one of which they are the fondest.

因此，在重商制度的所有权宜之计中， 这是他们最喜欢的一种。

They are so far, perhaps, more inconsistent than even the mercantile system.

到目前为止， 它们甚至可能比商业体系更加不一致。

Such are the unfortunate effects of all the regulations of the mercantile system.

这就是重商制度所有规定的不幸后果。

All the different regulations of the mercantile system necessarily derange more or less this natural and most advantageous distribution of stock.

商业制度的所有不同规定必然或多或少地扰乱这种自然的和最有利的股票分配。

At the time, Europe utilized the mercantile  system, which stated that countries needed to export more than they imported to gain  wealth.

当时，欧洲采用重商体系，该体系规定各国需要出口超过进口才能获得财富。

It is the industry which is carried on for the benefit of the rich and the powerful, that is principally encouraged by our mercantile system.

我们的商业体系主要鼓励为富人和权势者谋利的行业。

Unless, therefore, some part of those duties was drawn back upon exportation, there was an end of the carrying trade; a trade so much favoured by the mercantile system.

因此，除非这些关税的一部分在出口时被退回，否则转运贸易就结束了；商业体系如此青睐的贸易。

It is in this manner that the mercantile system proposes to enrich the whole country, and to put money into all our pockets, by means of the balance of trade.

正是以这种方式，重商制度提出要通过贸易平衡使整个国家富裕起来，并把钱装进我们所有人的口袋。

In the mean time, one of the principal effects of those discoveries has been, to raise the mercantile system to a degree of splendour and glory which it could never otherwise have attained to.

与此同时，这些发现的主要影响之一是，将商业体系提升到一种它永远无法达到的辉煌和荣耀的程度。

But as the law for the encouragement of coinage derives its origin from those vulgar prejudices which have been introduced by the mercantile system, I judged it more proper to reserve them for this chapter.

但是，由于鼓励铸币的法律起源于商业制度引入的那些庸俗偏见，我认为将它们保留在本章中更为合适。

This apology is founded altogether in the sophistry of the mercantile system; and, after the long examination which I have already bestowed upon that system, it may, perhaps, be unnecessary to say anything further about it.

这种道歉完全是建立在商业体系的诡辩之上的；并且，在我已经对那个系统进行了长时间的检查之后，也许就没有必要再多说什么了。

But in the mercantile system, the interest of the consumer is almost constantly sacrificed to that of the producer; and it seems to consider production, and not consumption, as the ultimate end and object of all industry and commerce.

但在重商制度下，消费者的利益几乎总是为生产者的利益而牺牲；它似乎将生产而非消费视为所有工商业的最终目的和目标。