9 Clear Your Ears Before Flying. Thirty minutes before takeoff, take a decongestant.

在飞行之前清洁你的耳朵。在起飞之前三十分钟，服用减充血药。

This list of nasal decongestants still mostly grandfathered in was further codified by the 1990s.

到 20 世纪 90 年代，这张减充血药的清单进一步被编纂。

On the left is a decongestant commercial from 2000.

左边是 2000 年的减充血药广告。

I've tried all sorts of things to help, from nasal sprays and decongestants to to antihistamines to hot showers.

我试过各种缓解方法，从鼻腔喷雾剂、减充血剂到抗组胺药，再到热水澡。

This law, tacked on to the Patriot Act, largely meant pseudoephedrine decongestants were put behind the counter.

这项法律是《爱国者法案》的附加条款，在很大程度上意味着伪麻黄碱类减充血剂被置于柜台之后。

But even back then, the FDA said it wasn't very effective as a decongestant.

但即使在当时，美国食品和药品管理局（FDA）也表示它作为减充血剂效果并不显著。

Scientists who advise the FDA recently concluded that phenylephrine, a common decongestant in cold medicines, doesn't work.

美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)的顾问科学家最近得出结论：感冒药中常见的减充血剂苯肾上腺素不起作用。

So, common symptom relievers include rest, hydration, and age-appropriate over the counter medications, like first generation antihistamines, NSAIDS, and nasal decongestants.

因此，常见的症状缓解药包括休息、补水和与年龄相适应的非处方药，如第一代抗组胺药、非甾体抗炎药和鼻减充血药。

I brought you a little care package from work. It's our latest antiviral and the best decongestant we make.

我从公司给你准备了这个康复小袋袋，里面有我们最新的抗病毒药，还有我们最好的抗鼻塞药。

The take-home messages are oral phenylephrine is inaffective as a nasal decongestant but safe.

带回家的信息是口服苯肾上腺素作为减充血剂是无效的，但安全。

They don't look anything like decongestants.

它们看起来一点也不像减充血剂。

I've tried all sorts of things to help, from nasal sprays and decongestants to antihistamines to hot showers.

我试过各种各样的方法，从鼻腔喷雾剂、减充血剂、抗组胺剂到热水淋浴。

By 1976, they'd convened a looser review and a panel recommended Phenylephrine as an oral, nasal decongestant.

到 1976 年，他们召集了一个较为宽松的审查小组，并建议将苯肾上腺素作为口服鼻塞解充血剂。

Nasal decongestants, over-the-counter cough medicine, and antihistamines all show little to no benefit when it comes to decreasing cold duration or severity.

鼻减充血剂、非处方药和抗组织胺剂在缩短感冒时间或者降低严重程度方面效果微乎其微。

One of the most popular decongestant ingredients is phenylephrine.

减充血剂最常见成分之一是苯肾上腺素。

Fischman: Today, we're talking about decongestants.

Fischman：今天，我们谈论减充血剂。

There are other decongestants, like pseudoephedrine, which you can get by asking a pharmacist, like we mentioned earlier.

还有其他减充血剂，例如伪麻黄碱，您可以通过询问药剂师来获得，就像我们之前提到的那样。

But even as manufacturers tried to straddle the lines, phenylaphrine sales this line, started to beat out this line: pseudoephedrine decongestants.

但是，即使生产商试图跨越这两条线，苯肾上腺素销售的这条线，还是开始打败了这条线：伪麻黄碱减充血剂。

Overall, I tend to go for decongestant tablets, which are supposed to reduce swelling inside my nose, opening up my airways.

总的来说，我倾向于吃减充血剂口服片，这种药可以减轻鼻内肿胀，打开呼吸道。

And I always look to see if a decongestant like phenylephrine is in the capsule.

我总是看胶囊成分，是否含有像苯肾上腺素这样的减充血剂。