| 单词 | pupa |
| 例句 | OPPOSITE: Plate 12 from Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium, showing a banana flower and young bananas, Maria also includes a saturniid moth with its caterpillar, cocoon, and pupa. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Maria and her daughters set up shop, grinding paint powders and displaying cases of carefully preserved butterflies and pupae. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z In some plates, caterpillars and pupae are shown with the wrong adults. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z The pupa hardens into a weather-resistant package that can lie dormant for weeks or months. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z When the caterpillars died or their pupae failed to produce an adult, she repeated her investigations. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z People knew about it but let it grow gradually like a pupa in the cocoons of their imaginations. Cannery Row 1945-01-01T00:00:00Z When the fly eggs hatched, its larvae fed on the moth pupa, pupated into flies, and flew away. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z More than anything, she wished to trace the path of each marvelous creature, from egg—laid on a particular host plant—to larva, to pupa, to adult. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Maria now felt certain—based on her own observations—that all European butterflies and moths followed the same cycle of transformation: egg to caterpillar to pupa and back to egg again. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z She sorted trays of dried, pinned butterflies and bottles of pupae preserved in brandy. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Once full-size, the caterpillar searches for a safe place to anchor and enter the pupa stage. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z No one knew enough to connect butterflies with their pupae, and neither had they recorded what various caterpillar specimens ate or how they behaved as they grew. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Sometimes a caterpillar and its pupa would surprise Maria by hatching into a swarm of flies or wasps instead of the moth or butterfly she expected. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Soon after, the pupa ecloses, or splits open, and the adult crawls out. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z To her delight, he had drawn stages of each species on one page—caterpillar, pupa, and butterfly—which confirmed what she herself had observed. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z She combined images of its egg, larval stage, its pupa, and the butterfly or moth that “crept from” the chrysalis or cocoon. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z As Maria discovered, all butterflies and moths undergo complete metamorphosis, which means they move through four very different phases: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Curious strangers stopped by to see—and sometimes buy—her trays of pinned butterflies and preserved pupae. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Still, when she held a pupa—or “date pit,” as she called it—with its outline of tiny wings beneath the protective shell, she felt the creature stirring within. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z When the adult butterfly is fully formed within the pupa, and the outside conditions are just right, the walls become transparent, revealing a glimpse of wings. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z A contemporary of Leeuwenhoek’s, Jan Swammerdam, showed that butterflies, which had been regarded as new creatures born out of the pupa, were already present within the caterpillar: their organs could be identified by dissection. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z A silkworm cocoon, the pupa stage of Bombyx mori. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z She carefully tended it, and weeks later, a huge, delicately patterned gray-and-white moth emerged from the pupa, the biggest she had ever seen. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z If disturbed, some pupae will squeak loudly, a defensive mechanism to scare off potential predators. The real butterfly effect ? not chaos, but wonder 2011-04-06T17:05:52Z In one set of experiments, Lal and his colleagues pushed thin wires through the hard shell that protects a hawk moth pupa and positioned them in the insect’s neck muscles and brain. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z They repeated the procedure with 29 more pupae and then tucked them all away inside an incubator and allowed them to develop normally. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z The Empress went to a Korean supermarket for this week’s appropriate second prize, a can of boiled silkworm pupae. Style Invitational Week 1435: Who needs Peeps when we have CICADAS? 2021-05-06T04:00:00Z The butterflies have hatched from pupae attached to canvases. Damien Hirst at Tate Modern 2012-07-09T14:15:00Z In the butterfly house, visitors can crawl through a tunnel as if they were caterpillars becoming a butterfly and listen to the strange noises emitted by pupae. The real butterfly effect ? not chaos, but wonder 2011-04-06T17:05:52Z In the first, fly eggs become larvae, pupae and adults. L.A. artist Carl Cheng's darkly amusing supply kits for the apocalypse 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z I paid less than a buck for 10 veggie dumplings the size of pupas. In Kathmandu, dumplings are everywhere — and now I know how to make my own 2019-01-17T05:00:00Z Norton finds it in violence and machismo while Kaufman’s characters can only find themselves by discarding their old lives, as if Malkovich was the pupa stage in a metamorphosis. Being John Malkovich at 20: why the surrealist comedy demands a rewatch 2019-10-29T04:00:00Z And then there's the pupa, a sentient supercomputer that will someday be capable of universal annihilation, but is currently a mewling blob carried by Terry in a Babybjörn. From "Solar Opposites" to "Midnight Gospel," recent otherworldly animation is worth the head-trip 2020-05-09T04:00:00Z We are the gaping entomologist; we are the pupa, always a little stuck. These Are Not Your G-Rated Fairy Tales 2023-04-20T04:00:00Z Many native bee species spend the winter as pupae within the pithy stems of perennials and the canes of hydrangeas, Tallamy said. Does your garden need a fall cleanup? Not so fast. 2016-10-11T04:00:00Z It’s also much easier to operate on a pupa than an adult insect. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z The virus is most harmful when it infects bee pupae, which then grow up to have several deformations including twisted wings and often die shortly after reaching adulthood. Dangerous bee virus less deadly in at least one US forest 2023-11-14T05:00:00Z An insectarium with a monumental resin model of a beehive also has a display of live leafcutter ants at work; inside a nearby butterfly vivarium, you can watch pupae in various stages of metamorphosis. Can the new wing of New York's Natural History Museum help reframe outdated ideas? 2023-08-29T04:00:00Z One of the genes they've edited is a key regulator of molting from larva to pupa, which, when tweaked, yields larvae 50 percent larger than an unedited one. How Gene-Edited Insects Are Providing Food, Fuel and Waste Disposal 2023-08-28T04:00:00Z When a caterpillar finally encases itself into a pupa, it doesn’t just grow wings and emerge as a butterfly. She helped save one of the world's rarest creatures from extinction — and herself along the way 2023-05-25T04:00:00Z Illustration B shows the egg, larvae, pupa and adult stages of a butterfly. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Then they saw a midge pupa, with its wings developed but not quite ready to fly. Perfectly Preserved Insects and Plants Point to Warm Greenland Future 2022-12-20T05:00:00Z The research, published in Nature on 30 November, reveals that as pupae—an otherwise inactive developmental stage—ants produce a nutrient-rich fluid that is consumed by both adults and larvae. Ants Can Produce Milk for Their Young (and Old) 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z Then the team looked at pupae from four other ant species from across the ant tree of life. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z Under Mattoni’s protocols, the butterflies had been producing about 200 pupae each year, Johnson said. She helped save one of the world's rarest creatures from extinction — and herself along the way 2023-05-25T04:00:00Z The pupa is a cocoon the butterfly makes when transforming from the larval to adult stages. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z To understand why bees are dying younger, entomologists at the University of Maryland studied bee pupae that were collected within 24 hours of emerging from their wax cells. Bees' average lifespan has halved in fifty years. Here's why that's bad news for humanity 2022-11-15T05:00:00Z If the ant adults and larvae do not consume the fluid, it builds up and becomes contaminated with fungi, which kill the pupae. Ants Can Produce Milk for Their Young (and Old) 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z In 1977, Dr. Hölldobler added, he published an observation that adult ants gravitated to chemical compounds on the skin of pupae, but he hadn’t taken the topic any further. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z Then they transition to pupae, or chrysalises, for a week or two before emerging, or eclosing, for a short, winged adulthood. What to do if you see a spongy moth (or its very hungry caterpillars) 2022-10-13T04:00:00Z Some bird species feed on the larvae or adults, whereas others eat the pupae—which have been showing up dead on the lakeshore by the billions during this fall’s migration season. At the Great Salt Lake, record salinity and low water imperils millions of birds 2022-09-09T04:00:00Z How could the pupae, lacking a timer as they metamorphosed inside their cocoons, know when it was morning? The Quest by Circadian Medicine to Make the Most of Our Body Clocks 2022-07-06T04:00:00Z While observing isolated ant pupae, the researchers were surprised to see droplets of a fluid appearing on their abdominal tips. Ants Can Produce Milk for Their Young (and Old) 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z She had plucked pupae from a colony of clonal raider ants, where the sesame seed-size offspring that looked like puffed rice cereal were being fussed over by both younger larvae and older adult ants. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z In the year after a plentiful acorn crop on oak trees, mouse populations typically rise, and more pupae may be devoured before the adult moths emerge to mate again. What to do if you see a spongy moth (or its very hungry caterpillars) 2022-10-13T04:00:00Z The objects in question — the larvae and pupae of an unidentifiable insect — were inside seed pods that the passenger said were intended for medicinal tea. Moth Species Not Seen Since 1912 Was Intercepted at Detroit Airport 2022-05-23T04:00:00Z On average, butterflies only have a life span of around ten days, meaning the zoo must receive weekly shipments of pupae from butterfly farmers in Florida, Texas and Alabama, she said. Butterfly garden reopens at Seattle’s Woodland Park Zoo after two-year closure 2022-05-26T04:00:00Z When this fluid built up, the pupae drowned in it, but they survived when it was removed. Ants Can Produce Milk for Their Young (and Old) 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z Then she had isolated each pupa into a tiny, dry test tube. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z Comb serves “as production facilities and storage space for honey, a repository for pollen, a nursery for larvae and pupae, and a ‘phone network’ for communication.” Review | An up-close look at the secret lives of wild honey bees 2022-02-04T05:00:00Z With limited ability to regulate their temperature, most overwinter as eggs or pupae, laced with antifreeze molecules and tucked into sheltered spots. Why does snow glow blue? How could a fly possibly survive high-elevation elements? Join us for an exploration of Washington’s winter wonders. 2022-01-30T05:00:00Z With four life states – the egg, larva, pupa and adult moths – armyworms fly and mate at night. Insect invasion: Armyworms are coming for lawns 2021-09-09T04:00:00Z “The adults are doing parental care as they’re cleaning the pupae, taking the larvae and placing them on the pupae to feed,” says Snir. Ants Can Produce Milk for Their Young (and Old) 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z More specifically, each pupa was leaking so much watery, golden-tinted fluid it was struggling to breathe. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z The tribe takes its name from its traditional word for what was once a high-protein food source, the pupae of tiny black alkaline flies that carpet the Mono Lake shoreline. Congressman plans legislation to recognize struggling Native American tribe in Mono Lake Basin 2021-05-29T04:00:00Z Bee larvae and pupae appear to secrete a chemical that does the work of a late-night cup of coffee on their nurses. Baby Bees Deprive Caregivers of Sleep 2020-12-21T05:00:00Z The common housefly can go from egg to maggot to pupa to adult in a matter of weeks, and that is a truly short life span. Opinion | Readers critique The Post: This Taylor Swift review missed the point 2020-12-17T05:00:00Z The compounds identified suggest that the fluid is derived from moulting fluids, which are produced when the larvae shed their outer cuticle as they develop into pupae. Ants Can Produce Milk for Their Young (and Old) 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z After first noticing the strange secretions, Dr. Snir scanned through the scientific literature and it seemed that her ant pupae were oozing something that was mostly unknown to science. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z The McCallie beekeepers regularly inspect the broods, which include the bee eggs, larvae and pupae attached to wooden frames inside the hive. Tennessee student beekeepers see themselves as protectors 2020-10-31T04:00:00Z Levayer also split the group based on expertise, such as pairing those who have experience working with fruit-fly larvae with those who know how to work with pupae. Frozen cells and empty cages: researchers struggle to revive stalled experiments after the lockdown 2020-06-04T04:00:00Z There are several approaches to silk-making, but to produce silk of the highest quality, one must kill the pupae. How Silk-Making Represents a More Hidden Side of Georgia’s Past 2020-05-11T04:00:00Z And in China and other countries, some people think the hornet pupae and larvae are delicious. Panicked over 'murder hornets,' people are killing native bees we desperately need 2020-05-08T04:00:00Z In the traditional view, ant pupae are passive, trapped in a dull, transitional phase of life. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z The predatory hornets nest in the ground and are known to attack honeybee hives and kill the adult bees inside before feasting on larvae and pupae, according to Washington State University. Praying mantis eats murder hornet in frightening video 2020-05-07T04:00:00Z Bier advised him to wait a bit longer, to let the pupae develop. The Gene Drive Dilemma: We Can Alter Entire Species, but Should We? 2020-01-08T05:00:00Z But Georgian silk involved killing the pupa in the cocoon: A single silk tie takes about 110 cocoons; a blouse, some 630. How Silk-Making Represents a More Hidden Side of Georgia’s Past 2020-05-11T04:00:00Z Made famous – or perhaps that should be infamous – by the novel and film The Silence of the Lambs, several death’s-head caterpillars and pupae have been found in potato patches in the Somerset village of Westbury-sub-Mendip. A warm welcome? The wildlife visitors warning of climate disaster 2020-01-02T05:00:00Z The insect starts as a wriggling, wormlike larva, then seals itself into an inert pupa that looks like a living sleeping bag, emerging as a full-grown adult. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z By isolating pupae before they emerge, Moran's team can keep worker bees from inoculating the young bees with the bacteria. A love of insects and their microbial partners helped this biologist reveal secrets of symbiosis 2019-11-14T05:00:00Z Even in the United States, Kutzadika’a people, or “fly eaters,” cherish salty pupae from Mono Lake in California. How to Develop an Appetite for Insects 2019-09-26T04:00:00Z She was 5, perhaps even younger, when she first began helping her grandmother, learning how to extract silkworm oil from pupae. How Silk-Making Represents a More Hidden Side of Georgia’s Past 2020-05-11T04:00:00Z The result yielded an exhibition with interactive games, giant models of mosquitoes, and live mosquito larvae and pupae, facilitating a hands-on experience. Living with Infectious Mosquitoes 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z Inside a living colony, where these three phases are in a hubbub of constant, inscrutable contact, pupae seem to stay dry. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z This intricate structure is the cocoon cage of a Cyna moth pupa. The 'zombie fungus' and the climbing dead 2019-09-08T04:00:00Z Using this procedure to prepare groups of male mosquitoes led to a female contamination rate of approximately 0.2–0.5%, necessitating a secondary, manual screening to remove female pupae, recognized by their distinctive anatomy. Tiger mosquitoes tackled in a trial 2019-07-16T04:00:00Z They were light gray, shriveled things with brown flecks attached, stray pieces of pupae. How Silk-Making Represents a More Hidden Side of Georgia’s Past 2020-05-11T04:00:00Z The caterpillars turn into pupae, then moths in late July, and the threat diminishes. Toxic caterpillar plague spreads across Europe 2019-07-05T04:00:00Z So where does this pupae juice normally go? Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z If the worker bees, the hive’s fastidious caretakers, sense in any way the pupae are not perfect, they cast them from the nest, leaving them for dead. Invasion of the ‘frankenbees’: the danger of building a better bee 2018-10-16T04:00:00Z In facilities that mass-rear mosquitoes, male pupae are usually mechanically separated from female pupae on the basis of size differences. Tiger mosquitoes tackled in a trial 2019-07-16T04:00:00Z And other cultures around the world have for millenniums consumed insects at every stage of life, from egg to larva to pupa to adult, sometimes as rudimentary protein but more often as seasoning or nuance. Why Aren’t We Eating More Insects? 2018-09-07T04:00:00Z At first Dr. van de Kamp examined 29 ancient fly pupae using the X-ray imager, which “unwrapped” the fossils in front of the scientists in real time. Before These Parasitic Wasps Finished Devouring Live Flies, They Became Fossils 2018-08-28T04:00:00Z To find out, Dr. Snir added blue food coloring to pupae shells. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z This stunning fossil shows an ancient parasitic wasp still inside the fly pupa it infested. Friday briefing: To really understand animals, embrace the ctenophores, the sponges and the placozoans 2018-08-23T04:00:00Z He was the first to classify insects by their metamorphoses, recognizing that a caterpillar, pupa and butterfly were life stages of one insect, not separate species. The forgotten founder of ornithology 2018-05-01T04:00:00Z But the larvae and pupae, carefully tweezed out of disinterred nests, are eaten immediately, gently simmered with ginger so they stay creamy, or fried to a crisp. Why Aren’t We Eating More Insects? 2018-09-07T04:00:00Z Over the course of a week they took images of more than 1,500 fossilized fly pupae and found 55 with parasitoid wasps. Before These Parasitic Wasps Finished Devouring Live Flies, They Became Fossils 2018-08-28T04:00:00Z Then she put them back into an ant colony, where pupae are stored in a slimy heap oddly reminiscent of risotto. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z He visited the area during the summer, when the flies break out of their pupae buried in the ground, eager to buzz off and find a mate. The billionaire vs. the fly 2018-01-16T05:00:00Z In others, they were newly hatched from their pupae and their exoskeletons were still soft. Not all warning colouration signals toxicity 2017-12-19T05:00:00Z If water seeps into their tunnels — some of which can stretch 4 feet deep — they try to escape with their larvae, pupae and food. About those floating fire ants that surfaced when Harvey hit 2017-08-30T04:00:00Z The insects most likely laid their own eggs inside the pupae, disrupting the fly’s development. Before These Parasitic Wasps Finished Devouring Live Flies, They Became Fossils 2018-08-28T04:00:00Z Adult ants even seem to pick up larvae and put them on top of pupae so that colony’s youngest members can slurp up the secretions. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z If water seeps into their tunnels — some of which can stretch four feet deep — they try to escape with their larvae, pupae and food. Fire Ants Are Yet Another Hazard in Houston’s Flooded Streets 2017-08-30T04:00:00Z “Normally, the pupae are covered by a thin cuticle…we are just removing a few cells to create this window,” he says. See a Caterpillar Transform Into a Butterfly Up Close 2017-06-30T04:00:00Z Those hives also displayed a certain slovenliness, with adults less likely to remove pupae infected with disease. Neonicotinoids can harm some bees 2017-06-28T04:00:00Z The pupae fossils measure only 3 or 4 millimeters long and resemble grains of rice, but are as hard as stone. Before These Parasitic Wasps Finished Devouring Live Flies, They Became Fossils 2018-08-28T04:00:00Z If adult ants don’t lick off the pupal fluid, the pupae drown or die of fungal infections. Ant Milk: It Does a Colony Good 2022-11-30T05:00:00Z But it was hard to focus when you were, like a pupa, in the process of becoming yourself. “Show Don’t Tell” 2017-05-29T04:00:00Z El pupas was a bit of myth at times but it lived on, especially in the derbies from 1999, when Atlético suffered the only relegation in their history. Atlético Madrid look to the present to end Real Madrid jinx of the past 2017-05-02T04:00:00Z To eradicate the screwworm, seven million fly pupae sterilized by radiation are being released each week in the Florida Keys. A Long-Gone Parasite Returns to Florida, Leaving a Trail of Dead Deer 2016-11-25T05:00:00Z After being fed for a number of weeks, the larva are then put into smaller capsules where they form into pupa. Wi-Fi microscopes help Corpus Christi students with science 2016-11-28T05:00:00Z "We actually rummaged through the enclosures and found all the pupae. We used non-toxic glue to attach them to sticks, which we hung on a sort of rack and carried them to Heysham Moss." Rare bog butterfly flutters back from brink - BBC News 2016-07-22T04:00:00Z Items on her menu include, but are not limited to, red ant eggs, pigeon meat, silkworm pupa and pork with jute leaves. How home chefs are helping uncover India's food secrets - BBC News 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z The microscopic worms feed on harmful pests, including the leafminer pupa. Organic farms tailor setups, employ predator species 2016-06-29T04:00:00Z Among the faecal matter and other rubbish thrown down there, Robinson found lots of fragile mineralized fly pupae. The secret history of ancient toilets 2016-05-23T04:00:00Z After a brief stage as a pupa, it will emerge as either a male firefly or a female glowworm, fat, wingless and several times as big as the male. The enchanting, worldwide spectacle of fireflies 2016-04-21T04:00:00Z The whole village was full of clanging and the squealing of pupae. Genius loci : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-03-15T04:00:00Z The bees inside were dead, but the vial was overwhelmed with small brown fly pupae. Tracking a Parasite That Turns Bees Into Zombies 2016-02-25T05:00:00Z The phase of development to pupae typically range from 5 to 11 days. The Living Dead 2016-01-18T05:00:00Z Some of this is just a show emerging from its pupae, or pilot stage. Workplace sitcom 'Telenovela' shows promise 2015-12-07T05:00:00Z Participants are asked to upload photos of the bees they collect and photos of pupae and adult flies as they emerge. ZomBee Watch helps scientists track honeybee killer 2015-10-09T04:00:00Z I'm not the only one who thought the pupae looked like hanging bats, either. The Pleasing Fungus Beetle Lives Up to Its Name 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z Inside the bolt were an estimated 100 pupae of the wasp Tetrastichus planipennisi, one of three parasitic wasp species known to feast on the borer in its native environment in Asia. Arkansas enlists wasps to fight emerald ash borers 2015-09-20T04:00:00Z But this happened only 37% of the time the pupae were flexing their abs, the team reports this month in Biology Letters. Video: Young beetles pump their abs to breathe 2015-06-22T04:00:00Z After emerging from their pupae, worker bees typically spend their first few weeks inside the hive, caring for the larvae and performing other housekeeping tasks. Animal behaviour: Nested instincts : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-05-19T04:00:00Z Before long, he noticed pupae emerging from a bee. ZomBee Watch helps scientists track honeybee killer 2015-10-09T04:00:00Z This fact sheet concurs that groups of pupae resemble a bat roost. The Pleasing Fungus Beetle Lives Up to Its Name 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z Some of the smaller mosquitoes overwinter as pupae and emerge when enough thermal energy builds up. End of Alaska winter heralds arrive of mosquitoes 2015-05-03T04:00:00Z Cordyseps, a natural food product, "is a fungus which grows parasitically on the larvae and pupae of insects in winter, leading to the formation of a fungal fruiting body in summers," the panel determined. Panel detail Lee's negligent practices in doping case 2015-04-28T04:00:00Z Midge larvae metamorphose into pupae while still in their casings. Miracle of midges: tiny insects play big role in trout diet 2015-03-28T04:00:00Z The cocoons are cut open and the pupae removed. Spiders: Web of intrigue : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-03-24T04:00:00Z "Silkworm pupae wasn't my favourite by any means," Brantley-Rios admits, "they stank." The 30-day worm and cricket diet 2015-02-27T05:00:00Z They burrow into whatever they can and form a pupa, which emerges as a beetle. Southeast Taxidermy gets the bugs out 2014-11-02T04:00:00Z According to Florence Dunkel, associate professor of entomology at Montana State University, 85 insect species in the U.S. are documented food sources — including locusts, grasshoppers, crickets, silk moth pupae and assorted larvae. Inside the Beltway: Jon Voight steps up for ‘America’ movie 2014-07-01T04:00:00Z Some ant species routinely kidnap and enslave members of neighboring colonies, taking tens of thousands of pupae in a single season. Leafy Green `Solar-Powered' Sea Slugs Begin to Reveal Their True Colors 2013-12-16T18:45:08.063Z The wasp lays its eggs in the beetle's pupa, a life-cycle stage between the larva and the adult. Crop pests: Under attack 2013-09-25T21:50:48.970Z In the Spring, the next stage of its metamorphosis occurs when it leaves its cocoon and becomes a pupa before hatching into an adult wasp. A Feast of Cicadas 2013-08-28T13:15:00.830Z The new work involves three different species of parasitic jewel wasps, tiny insects that drill into the pupas of flies and lay their eggs, letting the offspring feed on the host. Gut Microbes Can Split a Species 2013-07-18T19:00:00Z In spring, they fly back into the southern United States, where they lay their eggs, which hatch into larvae that blossom into pupae. Climate Change May Disrupt Monarch Butterfly Migration 2013-02-22T16:15:00.460Z In order to answer this question, a team of researchers in Germany turned to the Nasonia vitripennis wasp, a species famous for its propensity to lay its parasitic eggs on doomed fly pupae. The Curious Case of the Lusty Wasps 2013-02-13T18:40:00Z The wasp larvae that hatch from these eggs eat the pupa's non-vital tissues and finally kill it while emerging from its body. Crop pests: Under attack 2013-09-25T21:50:48.970Z The researchers thus recorded audio from the pupae and discovered clicking noises. Ant Pupae Signal Status With Sound 2013-02-07T21:45:00.597Z M. scabrinodis pupae create brief pulses of sound by scraping their hind leg against a specialized spike on their abdomen. Shhh, the Ants Are Talking 2013-02-07T17:40:00Z As the pupae spend the winter in the resulting leaf litter, commercial composting or burning destroys the pupae, reducing the moth population in the following spring. Pest and disease threats to UK trees 2012-09-03T01:27:36Z From the six bees we caught, 11 pale, wriggling maggots later appeared and grew into 11 brown, pill-shaped pupae. Zombies Invade Google Campus 2012-08-21T14:45:03.067Z Beetle pupae normally cover themselves in feces, and Eigenbrode suspects that this faecal shield acts as a barrier to keep the wasp at bay. Crop pests: Under attack 2013-09-25T21:50:48.970Z But the contents of the pupa are not entirely an amorphous mess. How Does A Caterpillar Turn Into a Butterfly? 2012-08-10T14:16:02.280Z It was as if the mute mature pupae simply didn't exist. Shhh, the Ants Are Talking 2013-02-07T17:40:00Z The same gene is important for molting during the nymphal stage of incomplete metamorphosis, corroborating the equivalence of nymph and pupa. How Did Insect Metamorphosis Evolve? 2012-08-10T14:15:57.377Z They'll spend more time near that pupae, and initiate a fight—similar to the one shown here—soon after the ant hatches. ScienceShot: Marked for Death 2012-06-15T16:35:00Z Having spent years as a fat, white, nut-headed grub munching roots in the darkness under lawns and fields, avoiding the beaks of rooks, the beetle on the brick emerged from its pupa at night. Country diary: Wenlock Edge: A torch-bearing cockchafer in the birthplace of the modern Olympian games 2012-06-05T20:00:01Z And from the unpublished drawings of this zealous collector, the larva and pupa have been figured. Zoological Illustrations, Volume I or Original Figures and Descriptions of New, Rare, or Interesting Animals 2012-04-19T02:00:27.027Z To see how the ants used this acoustic communication, the team removed the abdominal spike from some of the mature pupae in a nest. Shhh, the Ants Are Talking 2013-02-07T17:40:00Z “Figure about one in three thousand of those pupae will be a female.” Mosquito Control in the Florida Keys 2012-04-11T19:15:03.393Z In the degree of mobility there is great diversity among pupae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z Many insects, particularly dragon-flies, have brilliant coloring when fresh from the pupa, which is largely lost afterward. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z The larva makes and carries about a bag or basketÐlike case of silk and twigs, which it afterwards hangs up to shelter the pupa and wingless adult females. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z The larvæ remain on the sinuses, feeding on the mucus secreted by the membrane, and apparently creating no further annoyance, until ready to assume their pupa form in the succeeding spring. Sheep, Swine, and Poultry Embracing the History and Varieties of Each; The Best Modes of Breeding; Their Feeding and Management; Together with etc. 2012-03-21T02:00:35.167Z “The next time I looked at the vial, there were all these fly pupae surrounding the bees,” he said. "Zombie" Fly Parasite Killing Honeybees 2012-01-04T17:15:01.023Z Some pupae are thus more active than some nymphs; the essential character of a pupa is not therefore its passivity, but that it is the instar in which the wings first become evident externally. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z The larva and the active pupa or nymph are aquatic and are predaceous, as is also the adult. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z "To air some of my recently acquired entomological knowledge, I may tell you that the moth caterpillar generally goes underground to enter the pupa stage," continued Warriner. In Jeopardy 2012-01-04T03:00:35.013Z Throughout the winter and early spring, a large stock of live pupae of British and Foreign Butterflies and Moths, including the gigantic Atlas and other Exotic Moths. Book Collecting: A Guide for Amateurs 2011-12-21T03:00:41.820Z It then turns into a pupa which bears some resemblance to the perfect insect, “except that the antennæ, palpi, wings, and legs are shorter, enclosed in separate sheaths, and arranged upon the breast.” On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z It is generally considered that this is sufficient as an explanation of the existence of the pupa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z Horn-tail, Tremex columba. a, larva, showing Thalessa larva attached to its side; b, head of larva, front view, enlarged; c, female pupa, ventral view; d, male pupa, ventral view; e, adult female—all slightly enlarged. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z Founder Dianne Guilfoyle says her recipes may include crickets, mealworms, ants, or even housefly pupae, which she says taste like blood sausage due to their high iron content. On the Menu: Stinkbugs and Mealworms 2011-11-17T22:00:26Z Again, I may mention the remarkable case communicated to Darwin by Moritz Wagner, of a species of Saturnia, some pupae of which were transported from Texas to Switzerland in 1870. Darwin, and After Darwin, Volume 2 Post-Darwinian Questions: Heredity and Utility 2011-10-16T02:00:14.153Z The pupa remains quiet in the tube until nearly ready to emerge, when it comes to the surface, and in some cases creeps out of the water. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z But even at present we can correctly state that the true pupa is invariably connected with the transference of the wings from the interior to the exterior of the body. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z There it remains and, after assuming the pupa state, is deposited in the form of a short, white, egg-like object, without trace of articulation, and nearly as large as the abdomen of the female fly. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z When the nest was first picked up, one cell containing a well formed pupa was uncapped. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Volume 11, Number 4, December 1919 2011-10-07T02:00:22.027Z The pupa is found under leaves on the ground; the moth emerges in June. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z The larva and pupa undergo changes which have no relation to the form which the insect will ultimately assume. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z We may remark that fleas possess no wings, but are understood to possess a true pupa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z The pupa is naked, as in the Lepidoptera, with the limbs exposed. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z The third wasp was beside the colony, chewing on the decapitated pupa, probably getting some nourishment from it in the process. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Volume 11, Number 4, December 1919 2011-10-07T02:00:22.027Z They bury themselves in the ground when going into the pupa state, and remain until the next July. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z This was a mistake; but it is true that, if a larva be examined shortly before it is full grown, the future pupa may be traced within it. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z Life-Relations.—Only a brief reference can be made here to the fascinating subject of the life-relations of the larva, nymph and pupa, as compared with those of the imago. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z Some of them build cocoons within their galls, others descend to the ground or become pupae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z The length of the cavity is but little greater than the pupa itself. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Volume 11, Number 4, December 1919 2011-10-07T02:00:22.027Z Remedies will depend upon the habits of the insect, and must be directed to the pupa and larva, though valuable preventives are applicable to the perfect insect. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z Similar considerations throw much light on the nature of the chrysalis or pupa state—that remarkable period of death-like quiescence which is one of the most striking characteristics of insect metamorphosis. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z An interesting feature is the difference often to be observed between an aquatic larva and pupa of the same insect in the matter of breathing. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z These last issuing from the ground fly to the Pistachio, and on it deposit their pupae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z In this cavity the pupa rests and matures. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Volume 11, Number 4, December 1919 2011-10-07T02:00:22.027Z The pupa is formed within the rolled leaf. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z The quiescence of the pupa is mainly owing to the rapidity of the changes going on in it. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z Cuticle of pupa or puparium splitting longitudinally down the back, to allow escape of imago. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z Each parasite exists first as an egg, second as a larva, third as a pupa, and fourth as an adult fly. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z The explanation may be a toxin in beetle pupae found under the bark, which the elephants also eat. Books on Science: The Joy of a Sun Bath, a Snuggle, a Bite of P?t? 2011-07-18T21:05:11Z They consume hundreds while in the larval state, about two weeks, when they attach themselves by the tail, and go into the pupa state. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z The inactivity of the pupa is therefore not a new condition peculiar to this stage, but a prolongation of the inaction which has accompanied every previous change of skin. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z This latter order, which is not certainly known to have existed before Tertiary times, has become the most highly specialized of all insects in the structure of the pupa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z The parasite larva now changes to a pupa, either inside or outside the skin of the caterpillar, and a little later changes again to an adult Ichneumon fly. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z The ant colonies are often invaded by slavemaker ants, which steal their pupae. Warring ants know their enemies 2011-07-04T04:09:35Z The best remedy at the North is to feed all wormy ears to pigs; and to plow the corn land in autumn, when the insects are in the pupa or chrysalis state. Farm Gardening with Hints on Cheap Manuring Quick Cash Crops and How to Grow Them 2011-05-10T02:00:58.433Z In most cases, the development of the individual reproduces to a certain extent that of the race; but the motionless, imbecile pupa cannot represent a mature form. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z When this metamorphosis is complete, it exhibits three stages—that of the larva, caterpillar, or grub, that of the pupa or chrysalis, and that of the imago or perfect winged insect. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z It has then become full grown as a larva, and its last larval skin hardens into a brown pupa-case within which the little creature changes into a pupa. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z If complete, describe the pupa and tell where it may be found. A Guide for the Study of Animals 2011-01-18T03:00:14.913Z By comparing the radius of the mandible teeth they found the blade of a cutter ant to be 340 times duller than the pristine blade of a pupa. Leaf-cutter ants' teeth wear out 2011-01-07T11:00:57Z If, however, any considerable change were involved, this period of fasting must be prolonged, and would lead to the existence of a third condition, that of the pupa, intermediate between the other two. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z The pupa, here termed a nymph, is usually active, or, if quiescent, capable of movement. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z It thus hangs downward until the larval skin is shuffled off and the curious pupa with the conspicuous hump upon the middle of its back remains in its place. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z Describe the cocoons of tussock moth, clothes moth, leaf roller.What is the difference between a Cecropia cocoon which contains a living pupa and one that has been parasitized? A Guide for the Study of Animals 2011-01-18T03:00:14.913Z They occasionally visit orchards and attack the codlin moth pupae. An Australian Bird Book A Pocket Book for Field Use 2010-12-31T03:00:10.497Z The immobility of the pupa or chrysalis depends on the rapidity of the changes going on in it. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z In the Holometabŏla the metamorphosis is complete, the larva, pupa, and imago differing greatly from one another in external appearance and habits. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z As may be seen, the newly emerged moth is resting upon the silken cocoon in which it spent its period as a pupa or chrysalis. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z What is the appearance of a parasitized caterpillar?What rudimentary structures can you identify in the pupa? A Guide for the Study of Animals 2011-01-18T03:00:14.913Z This grub feeds on the inside of the square or boll and passes into the pupae stage in from six to twelve days. How to Prosper in Boll Weevil Territory 2010-12-24T03:00:31.740Z Thus, according to Kirby and Spence,2 “The states through which insects pass are four: the egg, the larva, the pupa, and the imago.” On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z Here, the moment an orange tip emerges from its pupa is captured in fine detail. A wing of beauty 2010-12-16T09:40:35Z The Microgaster larvae on coming forth from the caterpillar have the habit of spinning tiny cocoons within which they change to pupae. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z How?Describe what occurs when the pupa changes into the adult. A Guide for the Study of Animals 2011-01-18T03:00:14.913Z The hairs, found alongside a fly pupa in amber uncovered in southwest France, are remarkably similar to hair found on modern mammals. Prehistoric hair found in amber 2010-06-14T07:51:00Z In the pupa state they are inactive, and show distinctly all the limbs of the perfect insect, encased in distinct sheaths, and folded on the breast. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z This campaign was a chance, a 30-storey chance with magnificent chandeliers and deep-pile carpets, for this interminable stage of Project Wenger to at last emerge from its pupa and flutter off with the title. Five things we learned from the Premier League this weekend 2010-04-19T12:18:00Z A little later the pupa changes to a Tachina fly which breaks apart the pupa-case and flies out into the world. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z Often, in the laboratory, they do not: flies grown in bottles may only be allowed to reproduce for the first five or six days after emerging from the pupa. Laboratory Life 2010-04-13T23:00:00Z The nurse ants killed and cannibalized the last of the larvae and pupae, their own baby nest mates, and regurgitated their liquid and tissue to other adults. 2010-01-18T05:00:00Z Others again—as, for instance, dragon-flies—are not quiescent on assuming the so-called pupa state for any longer time than at their other changes of skin. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z We must now learn something of the structure of caterpillars; and then become acquainted with their habits, and the change to the chrysalis or pupa. Butterflies and Moths (British) Then if the caterpillars are not cocoon spinners they can burrow into the soil when they are ready to change to pupae. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z The first term, Imago, is a Latin one, merely signifying an image, or distinct unveiled form; as distinguished from the previous larva, or masked state, and the pupa, or swathed and enveloped state. British Butterfiles Figures and Descriptions of Every Native Species Abandoning their regular duties, they moved deeper into the nest, closer to the dwindling piles of larvae and pupae. 2010-01-18T05:00:00Z The one specimen in all my collection that I prize the most highly is the pupa of the Teinopalpus imperialis—an Asiatic butterfly. Bee and Butterfly A Tale of Two Cousins If so we examine a number of the stems with a hope that we may find one or two that are just about to change to the chrysalis state, or even a pupa already formed. Butterflies and Moths (British) It finally changes to a pupa which in turn changes to the little fly that gnaws a hole through the egg shell and emerges to the outer world. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z The term is applied to the natural protective covering of seed-vessels, and of a pupa or chrysalis. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" A few days after, hearing a rustling, he opened the box, and discovered a beautiful butterfly evolved from the pupa, which had left upon the floor of its prison a large red stain. The Romance of Natural History, Second Series No, child; some lepidopterous insects always leave a drop of red fluid when emerging from the pupa state. Bee and Butterfly A Tale of Two Cousins For general pupa hunting the best season is undoubtedly from the end of August to the end of October, but there is no reason why the work should not be carried on throughout the winter. Butterflies and Moths (British) So far as I can learn, the egg, larva, or pupa have never been described. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z The general characteristics of the pupae in these two sections have already been described. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 5 "Dinard" to "Dodsworth" In a few minutes each of the invaders emerges, carrying in its mouth the pupa of a worker negro, which it has obtained in spite of the vigilance and valour of its natural guardians. The Romance of Natural History, Second Series At the end of that time, each one would curl himself into a cocoon, like a ball, called a pupa. Keep-Well Stories for Little Folks Any day that is sufficiently genial for yourself will do for your work, except that periods of hard frost render the ground too hard for digging—the most profitable part of the pupa hunter's task. Butterflies and Moths (British) The larvae spin slight cocoons in which to pupate and the pupae are rounded rather than angular. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z The walls and roof of the room on the interior should also be swept annually to dislodge any pupae that might be hibernating in the cracks and crevices. Home Pork Making Surely it cannot be far from the pupa state now! The Romance of Natural History, Second Series Maybe they raised the moth larvae or pupae for the same reason we raise poultry. Pet Farm To carry this out two pupa boxes should be kept, one for those species that seem to require dry situations, and the other for the species that apparently do best with moist surroundings. Butterflies and Moths (British) The larvae make slight cocoons before changing to chrysalids, and these chrysalids are so rounded that they suggest the pupae of moths rather than those of butterflies. Butterflies Worth Knowing 2011-08-10T02:00:15.887Z Caterpillars and pupae are also commonly dimorphic, green and brown. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" They have gone into the earth to pass into the pupa state, coming out the following spring as adults; the males with wings to fly, the female wingless, as in fig. The Apple The mature larva enters the earth, and here, within a little rounded, dirt-covered cocoon which it forms, the pupa state is assumed. Asparagus, its culture for home use and for market: a practical treatise on the planting, cultivation, harvesting, marketing, and preserving of asparagus, with notes on its history Our remarks under 'January' concerning pupa digging and other work apply equally well to this month. Butterflies and Moths (British) Equatorial plate from somatic tissues of a male pupa, 27 large chromosomes, 1 small one. Studies in Spermatogenesis Part II Equatorial plate from dividing somatic cell of male pupa, showing 19 large and 1 small chromosome. 205-206. Studies in Spermatogenesis Part I After attaining its growth it lies as a pupa in its silk-lined tube about ten days, when it emerges an adult moth, and in three or four days begins to lay its eggs. The Apple After many years the larva is transformed into the pupa or nymph, which is distinguishable principally by the shortness of its antennae and the presence of wing pads. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" Some have already 'gone down' for the winter, and, consequently, pupa hunting may be started. Butterflies and Moths (British) The sanguineae begin by removing the pupae, taking indifferently those of both species. The Forerunners Salt, worked into the soil under plum-trees, is said to destroy this insect in its pupa state. Soil Culture The chrysalis or pupa state covers from one week to four, and at last emerges as a beautiful olive gray moth with a purplish lustre. The Story of the Cotton Plant In some cases the pupa upon emerging constructs a chimney of soil, the use of which is not known. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" It may be as well, in passing, to observe that it is not only the pupa that is influenced by temperature. Butterflies and Moths (British) As for the other pratenses, those belonging to the mixed community, they avoided their sometime sisters, would not fight with them, but carried the pupae into the nest. The Forerunners With some of the moths, the pupae are surrounded by silk cocoons spun by the caterpillars just before finally transforming to pupae. Boy Scouts Handbook The First Edition, 1911 Be able to recognize and describe each of the following: queen, drones, workers, eggs, larvae, pupae, honey, bee food, wax, pollen, propolis, brood-nest, comb, different queen cells. Scouting For Girls, Official Handbook of the Girl Scouts The Bee or Butterfly lays an egg which develops successively into a larva and pupa, finally producing Bee or Butterfly. The Beauties of Nature and the Wonders of the World We Live In Again, while some deposit their eggs within a few hours of quitting the pupa case, others do not lay for several days. Butterflies and Moths (British) The pupa is dark brown, covered with a whitish or bluish-white bloom. The Pecan and its Culture The larva of this insect lives chiefly in water, and the pupa moves with great agility. The Temple of Nature; or, the Origin of Society A Poem, with Philosophical Notes In about twelve days or longer they turn into tumblers or pupas, which in a few days longer come to the top when their backs split open and the mosquito comes out and flies away. Manual of Military Training Second, Revised Edition In these cases, therefore, the egg, larva, pupa, and perfect Insect, are regarded as stages in the life of a single individual. The Beauties of Nature and the Wonders of the World We Live In You must remember that entomologists are not the only pupa hunters. Butterflies and Moths (British) There are two broods, the last one hibernating in the ground in the pupa state. The Pecan and its Culture Had we not traced the sequence, no man could tell by appearances that the larva, the pupa and the moth are one and the same animal. The Apple-Tree The Open Country Books—No. 1 "Digging" in the dead months of the year, when the weather is mild, for pupae, is another method of getting insects. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. In June, the surviving larvae mostly change into pupae, and by July they are appearing as beetles. Northern Nut Growers Association Report of the Proceedings at the 41st Annual Meeting Pleasant Valley, New York, August 28, 29 and 30, 1950 Place the pupa box on a shelf in a room where a fire is kept every day. Butterflies and Moths (British) It takes but a moment to draw it out; and if it be a pupa near the bark, so much the better for the aye-aye, so much the worse for the beetle or cossus. Heads and Tales : or, Anecdotes and Stories of Quadrupeds and Other Beasts, Chiefly Connected with Incidents in the Histories of More or Less Distinguished Men. If there is a second or third brood, the pupa resurrects in ten days or so into the moth; eggs are laid; larvæ are hatched; pupæ again are formed; and thus is the process continued. The Apple-Tree The Open Country Books—No. 1 The best times for pupae are from October to January. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. Unlike this last insect, it becomes a pupa in the interior of the potato-stalk which it inhabits: and it comes out in the beetle state about the last of August or beginning of September. The $100 Prize Essay on the Cultivation of the Potato. Prize offered by W. T. Wylie and awarded to D. H. Compton. How to Cook the Potato, Furnished by Prof. Blot. The pupa is greenish, and marked with small black dots. Butterflies and Moths (British) The worms then enter the soil, where they build cells and remain until they change to pupae the following summer. Northern Nut Growers Association Incorporated 39th Annual Report at Norris, Tenn. September 13-15 1948 During June and July they transform to pupae, and soon afterward to adults. Northern Nut Growers Association Report of the Proceedings at the Fifteenth Annual Meeting New York City, September 3, 4 and 5, 1924 When near the change into the pupa state, however, the tubes dry up, and it loses this faculty. The Emperor's Rout Like other blister-beetles, it goes under ground to pass into the pupa state, and attacks the potato only when it is in the perfect or winged state. The $100 Prize Essay on the Cultivation of the Potato. Prize offered by W. T. Wylie and awarded to D. H. Compton. How to Cook the Potato, Furnished by Prof. Blot. These are full grown in April, and in June the pretty little moth emerges through a hole in the side of a shoot, leaving the empty pupa case within its former home. Butterflies and Moths (British) The true ant, when emerging from the egg, is a footless grub, and remains in the pupa, or quiescent stage, inclosed in a membrane, till its limbs are developed. The Western World Picturesque Sketches of Nature and Natural History in North and South America When it has undergone this change, it has usually borne the name of nymph or pupa. Langstroth on the Hive and the Honey-Bee A Bee Keeper's Manual It feeds on the wild larkspur, and lies in the pupa state from August till the June following. The Emperor's Rout Figure 10, c, gives a somewhat magnified view of the pupa, and Figure 10, b, shows the last few joints of the abdomen of the larva, magnified and viewed from above. The $100 Prize Essay on the Cultivation of the Potato. Prize offered by W. T. Wylie and awarded to D. H. Compton. How to Cook the Potato, Furnished by Prof. Blot. The chief work of the entomologist in November is certainly pupa hunting, and this may be carried on in real earnest whenever the weather is favourable, following the instructions given in Chapter VII. Butterflies and Moths (British) When they discover a wasp’s nest, they attack the papery covering to get at the larvae pupae and newly-hatched wasps. The Western World Picturesque Sketches of Nature and Natural History in North and South America When full-fed and ready to pass through their transformations to attain the beetle state, instead of at once assuming the pupa and imago forms, as in the Trichodes represented in fig. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses If we look about us near the water side, we shall be sure to find some empty pupa skins. Country Walks of a Naturalist with His Children The perfect beetle appears about ten to fourteen days after the pupa is formed, begins to pair in about seven days, and on the fourteenth day begins to deposit her eggs. The $100 Prize Essay on the Cultivation of the Potato. Prize offered by W. T. Wylie and awarded to D. H. Compton. How to Cook the Potato, Furnished by Prof. Blot. All of these Scale-wings are hatched from eggs, and come first, as a worm, grub, or caterpillar; next as a chrysalis pupa or bundle-baby; last as the winged creature. Woodland Tales Countless numbers issue forth at intervals, till the whole progeny of males and females have emerged from their pupa state. The Western World Picturesque Sketches of Nature and Natural History in North and South America In a succeeding state this pupa in the ordinary way changes to a beetle which belongs to the same group of Coleoptera as Meloë. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses After a time the larva changes to a pupa, in which state it lives without eating for a few days, and then turns into a gnat. Country Walks of a Naturalist with His Children The Hessian fly showing development with complete metamorphosis; a, egg; b, larva or maggot; c, flax-seed stage; d, pupa; e, adult winged fly; f, wheat stubble with flax-seed stages near base taken after harvest. An Elementary Study of Insects Chrysalis or -id: applied specifically to the intermedial stage between larva and adult in butterflies: see pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology The pupae were artificially attached to nettles, tree-trunks, fences, walls, and to the ground, some at Oxford, some at St. Helens in the Isle of Wight. Evolution in Modern Thought When about to cast its pupa skin, the skin splits open on the back, and the perfect insect glides out. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Abdominal fold in male small, or none; anal valves small or obsolete, hairy; wings tailed or entire.Larvæ with third segment swollen, transversely or obliquely banded; pupa much bent. Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection A Series of Essays The large wiggler and the pupa are taking air from the surface of the water through their breathing tubes. An Elementary Study of Insects Cocoon: a covering, composed partly or wholly of silk or other viscid fibre, spun or constructed by many larvae as a protection to the pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology He told her how he had begun life as a caterpillar and then, one day, when he had shed his last caterpillar skin, he came out a pupa or chrysalis. The Adventures of Maya the Bee The strange fact has been discovered by Grimm, a Russian naturalist, that the pupa of a feathered gnat is capable of laying eggs which produce young during the summer time. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The insects live over the winter under the bark, as grubs, and in the spring they change to the pupa form, and come out along in June and July. Northern Nut Growers Association Report of the Proceedings at the Second Annual Meeting Ithaca, New York, December 14 and 15, 1911 When the wiggler is full grown it changes to an active pupa which has a large head and a slender tail and is more or less coiled. An Elementary Study of Insects Cocoon-breaker: structures or processes of the pupa, often on the head, by means of which it works its way out of the cocoon. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology This exquisite pupa, a work of art in itself, is of oak, to which the combined action of time and water has given the hardness of metal. Pagan and Christian Rome The words larva and pupa will frequently occur in subsequent pages, and they should be explained. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses So, if I am lucky, I turn at length to dingy pupa, and thus preserve my race.” "Wee Tim'rous Beasties" Studies of Animal life and Character If you find pupae, put some in a tumbler of water, cover it with cloth or a lid and watch for the mosquitoes to appear. An Elementary Study of Insects Stylotrachealis: with a long tube bearing a stigma, from the head case; as the pupa of some Diptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Well, it is changing from a baby to a grown-up, and while it is growing up into an insect it is called a pupa. Little Busybodies The Life of Crickets, Ants, Bees, Beetles, and Other Busybodies The pupa, or chrysalis, we have found in the cells the last of July. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses As soon as the young ant bursts its pupa case, it is carefully assisted into the world by its foster-mothers. The Dawn of Reason or, Mental Traits in the Lower Animals Take one of the pupae in your hand and see if it can move. An Elementary Study of Insects Teneral: that state of the imago just after its exclusion from pupa or nymph, in which neither coloring nor clothing is fully developed. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Within a few days the wriggler changes its skin three times; after the third change it looks very different, and is called a pupa. Little Busybodies The Life of Crickets, Ants, Bees, Beetles, and Other Busybodies Others, and this is the most common mode of parasitism, attack the insect in its larva state; others, in the pupa state, and still others in the perfect, or imago state. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The caterpillar retains just enough vitality to assume the pupa state, and then dies. The Dawn of Reason or, Mental Traits in the Lower Animals If it is in the summer the miller will appear in a week, but if it is in the late fall it will simply pass the winter in the pupa stage. An Elementary Study of Insects Naked: not clothed: lacking vestiture: a pupa when not inclosed in a cocoon or other covering. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Even the pupa is never still a minute, but holds its air-tubes above the water's surface. Little Busybodies The Life of Crickets, Ants, Bees, Beetles, and Other Busybodies Early in April it changes to a pupa, and a month after the beetle appears, and in a few days deposits its egg under the bark of old pine trees. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses A butterfly emerges from the cocoon arrayed in all the colors of the rainbow; yet it was developed, while in the pupa state, in total darkness. The Dawn of Reason or, Mental Traits in the Lower Animals Early in the spring these change to pupae and later the moths come out. An Elementary Study of Insects Nototheca: that part of the pupa covering upper surface of abdomen. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology At the end of two days out of the pupa skin comes a grown-up mosquito. Little Busybodies The Life of Crickets, Ants, Bees, Beetles, and Other Busybodies The American Tent caterpillar makes its cocoon, and assumes the pupa state. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Beetlea, larva; b, pupa; c, adult; d, burrow Many insects change their form from youth to old age so much that you can scarcely recognize them as the same creatures. Agriculture for Beginners Revised Edition In the spring watch them change to the pupa in the cocoon and a little later the mature insect or codling moth, as it is commonly called, will emerge. An Elementary Study of Insects Nurses: worker ants or worker bees which care for the eggs, larvae and pupae, but do not forage, the latter function being taken up later, when nursing is given up. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology In about twelve days the insects molt and in eight to ten more they change to pupae, and in from thirty-three to forty days are themselves bearing young. Apple Growing When about to transform to the pupa state, it forms a rude cocoon in the earth. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses There it becomes a pupa, and later, as a mature beetle, emerges and winters in cracks and crevices. Agriculture for Beginners Revised Edition What time in the spring do the caterpillars change to the pupa and when do the moths emerge? An Elementary Study of Insects Nymph: the larval stage of insects with incomplete metamorphosis: applies also to their pupal stage, and sometimes used as = pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Small loosely woven basket for gathering and confining pupae of the locust. Illustrated Catalogue of the Collections Obtained from the Pueblos of Zuñi, New Mexico, and Wolpi, Arizona, in 1881 Third Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1881-82, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1884, pages 511-594 The larva of Cynthia cardui may be found on the hollyhocks; the pupa state lasts twelve days, the butterfly appearing in the middle or last of July. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Make a collection of insects injurious to orchard fruits, showing in each case the whole life history of the insect, that is, eggs, larva, pupa, and the mature insects. Agriculture for Beginners Revised Edition Examine in the same places in the spring about apple blooming time and then in place of the small pink worms you will find the small brown pupae. An Elementary Study of Insects Obtected: applied to pupae when they are covered with a chitinous case which confines and conceals all appendages, though their outlines may be marked on the surface: see free, and coarctate. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Large cage baskets for gathering and confining the pupae of locusts. Illustrated Catalogue of the Collections Obtained from the Pueblos of Zuñi, New Mexico, and Wolpi, Arizona, in 1881 Third Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1881-82, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1884, pages 511-594 The "imaginal disks" or rudimentary portions destined to develop and form the skin of the adult, or imago, arise in the pupa state, which resembles that of other ichneumons. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses In from one to two weeks the grub or larva becomes fully grown and, without changing its home, is transformed into the pupa state. Agriculture for Beginners Revised Edition In the fall the mature worms go into the ground and change from the worm to a large, oval, brown pupa with a jug-handle-like appendage on the under side. An Elementary Study of Insects Orthorrhapha: that section of Diptera in which the pupa escapes from larval skin through a T-shaped opening on back: see cyclorrhapha. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Small willow cage basket for the pupae of locusts. Illustrated Catalogue of the Collections Obtained from the Pueblos of Zuñi, New Mexico, and Wolpi, Arizona, in 1881 Third Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1881-82, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1884, pages 511-594 It lives six to seven days before pupating, and remains from ten to twelve days in the pupa state. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses As soon as the larva emerges, it bores into the bark and remains there for months, passing through the pupa stage before it comes out to lay eggs for another generation. Agriculture for Beginners Revised Edition Examine the brown pupa carefully and see if it can move. An Elementary Study of Insects Podotheca: that part of pupa that covers the legs of future adult. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology One small tree two feet high was killed, and thirty-five pupae were found in the nests at Dr. Morris' farm in 1912. Northern Nut Growers Association, report of the proceedings at the eighth annual meeting Stamford, Connecticut, September 5 and 6, 1917 Here it is necessary to disabuse the reader's mind of the prevalent belief that the terms larva, pupa and imago are fixed and absolute. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses In the pupa stage the insects pass the winter among the remains of old plants or in near-by fences or in weeds or bushes. Agriculture for Beginners Revised Edition In some cases the grubs may feed for three years before they change to the pupa and later to the adult beetle. An Elementary Study of Insects Puparium -ia: in Diptera, the thickened larval skin within which the pupa is formed. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology There is probably one brood annually and the winter passed in the pupa stage, though it may possibly hibernate as a larva. Northern Nut Growers Association, report of the proceedings at the eighth annual meeting Stamford, Connecticut, September 5 and 6, 1917 So slight are the differences between the different stages that it is difficult to say where the larval stage ends and the pupa begins, so also where the pupal state ends and the imago begins. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Cocoon: the case made by an insect to contain its larva or pupa. Agriculture for Beginners Revised Edition The convergent lady-beetle; a, adult; b, pupa; c, larva; all enlarged. An Elementary Study of Insects Cleptobiosis, is where one species of ant lives in or near the nest of another, preying upon its larvae or pupae or stealing the food supply. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology In this state it is called the pupa, which means doll. The Insect Folk They live nearly seventeen years in the larva state, and then in the spring change to the pupa, which chiefly differs from the larva by having rudimentary wings. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Mr. Darwin traced a long file of Sanguineas for forty yards backward to a clump of heath, whence he perceived the last of the invaders marching homeward with a slave pupa in its mouth. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV. Stages of development of honey bee; a, egg; b, young grub; c, full-fed grub; d, pupa; all enlarged. An Elementary Study of Insects Adminicula: supports or props: the spinous processes on the abdomen of boring and burrowing pupae. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Some day it will burst its pupa shell and pull itself out—not a larva now, not a pupa, but a strong-winged insect. The Insect Folk The pupa state lasts for five or six days, and when the imago appears it eats its way through a small round opening in the end of the skin of its host, the Agrion larva. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses When it has elapsed, the animal moults again, again changes its form; after this, it becomes a pupa, without any remarkable peculiarities. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV. House fly; a, larva or maggot; b, pupa; c, adult; e, egg. An Elementary Study of Insects Gasterotheca: that part of the pupa case that covers the abdomen. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Instead of changing gradually and remaining active all the time up to the final metamorphosis, our corydalus goes into the pupa state, and in that motionless condition transforms to the perfect insect. The Insect Folk The young are developed within the body of the parent, until they attain the pupa state, when she deposits the pupa case, which is nearly half as large as her abdomen. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The second pupa ant was not buried in any sense, and was covered merely with a sprinkling of sand. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV. Common Culex mosquito showing stages of development; a, raft of eggs; b, larvæ or wigglers of different sizes; c, pupa; d, mosquito. An Elementary Study of Insects Metabola: insects with a complete metamorphosis in which the larva does not resemble the adult, and the pupa is quiescent. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology When the change is gradual, without any pupa form, any stopping place as it were, the change is said to be an incomplete metamorphosis. The Insect Folk When the insect is about to assume the pupa state, it moults its skin. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Experiments have shown that as high as 76.75 per cent. of the pupae may be destroyed by means of thorough cultivation. Trees, Fruits and Flowers of Minnesota, 1916 Embracing the Transactions of the Minnesota State Horticultural Society,Volume 44, from December 1, 1915, to December 1, 1916, Including the Twelve Numbers of "The Minnesota Horticulturist" for 1916 Do you find any of the rounded pupae in the barrel? An Elementary Study of Insects Free: unrestricted in movement: not firmly joined with or united to any other part: said of pupae when all the parts and appendages are separately encased as in Coleopteran. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Egg, larva, pupa, adult,—those are the stages of insects that have a complete metamorphosis. The Insect Folk When about to change into the adult fly, the pupa climbs up some plant near the surface of the water. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The mere breaking of the pupal cell, leaving the earth in contact with the body of the pupa, is fatal to many. Trees, Fruits and Flowers of Minnesota, 1916 Embracing the Transactions of the Minnesota State Horticultural Society,Volume 44, from December 1, 1915, to December 1, 1916, Including the Twelve Numbers of "The Minnesota Horticulturist" for 1916 Make drawings of the different stages, wiggler, pupa and mosquito. An Elementary Study of Insects Meconium: the substance excreted by certain metabolic insects soon after their emergence from the chrysalis or pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology When about to become a pupa, it makes for itself a little covering of white silk. The Insect Folk Figure 30 represents the pupa seen from beneath. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses A few hours before pupation they become very restless and migrate from their feeding ground in search of a favorable place in which to pass the pupa stage. The House Fly and How to Suppress It U. S. Department of Agriculture Farmers' Bulletin No. 1408 The larva or grub worm is feeding on roots under ground; the pupa and adult are shown above ground. An Elementary Study of Insects Precocious stages: generally applied to all stages of development from the fertilized egg to the pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology It makes regular slave-raids upon the nests of the small brown ants, and carries off the young in their pupa condition. Falling in Love With Other Essays on More Exact Branches of Science The puparium, or pupa case, inclosing the delicate chrysalis, is oval, consisting of eight segments, flattened above, with two large spines near the head, and four on the extremity of the body. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The pupa stage is easily affected by temperature changes and may be prolonged during hibernation for as long as 4 or 5 months. The House Fly and How to Suppress It U. S. Department of Agriculture Farmers' Bulletin No. 1408 Note the small patch of eggs and different sized grub on the plant and the grub, pupa and adult at side. An Elementary Study of Insects Pre-pupal: that stage in the larva just preceding the change to pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology These included grasshoppers, certain kinds of large tree worms, the white fungi which grows upon the oak, mushrooms, and the larvae and pupae of ants and other insects. Indians of the Yosemite Valley and Vicinity Their History, Customs and Traditions The pupa is also aquatic, having long respiratory filaments attached to each side of the front of the thorax. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The pupa, like the larva, is individualistic and employs its time in producing the final adult form. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope See if you can find any of the pupae attached to limbs or twigs and if so, tickle them with a straw or a pencil and see them "bow." An Elementary Study of Insects Pupate, Pupation: to become a pupa: the act of becoming a pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Now these wings and other structures characteristic of the imago, appear in the pupa which is revealed by the shedding of the last larval cuticle. The Life-Story of Insects It remains in the pupa state from eight to fourteen days. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Our illustration shows the wingless female and pupa natural size and magnified. The Culture of Vegetables and Flowers From Seeds and Roots 16th Edition Ant hill showing activity and stages of development; a, egg; b, young grub; c, pupa; d, worker; e, queen with wings; f, worker carrying young grub; all enlarged. An Elementary Study of Insects Pupivorous: feeding upon pupa: especially applied to those Hymenoptera that are parasitic upon insects in the pupal stage. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology But it is clear that only in the pupa, forming beneath the cuticle of the last larval instar, can they grow outwards. The Life-Story of Insects The pupa state lasts for thirty or forty days, and the perfect fly appears the next season, from June until October. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The pupa is black with greyish white mottlings, while the female is deep greenish black in colour. The Culture of Vegetables and Flowers From Seeds and Roots 16th Edition Following the larva stage comes the third or pupa stage, which is the dormant stage of the insect. Studies of Trees Quiescent: not active: applied to the pupae in forms with complete metamorphosis. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Similarly the complex air-tube or tracheal system of the larva is broken down and a fresh set of tubes is developed, adapted to the altered body-form of pupa and imago. The Life-Story of Insects The body of the chrysalis, or pupa, is considerably curved, with the head smooth and rounded. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses The butterfly does, indeed, emerge from the coffin of the cocoon and the seemingly dead pupa. The Things Which Remain An Address To Young Ministers After the pupa stage comes the adult insect, which may be a moth or a beetle. Studies of Trees Sub-nymph: applied to the resting or pupal stage of female Coccidae; also to a supernumerary stage before the formation of the pupa, and thus = pseudo-pupa. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology In the pupa the wings and other characteristically adult structures are, for the first time, visible outwardly; it is the instar which marks the great crisis in transformation. The Life-Story of Insects I understood that he took the pupa of a spider and by very careful work grafted upon it the pupa of a fly. Winning His "W" A Story of Freshman Year at College He is then called a pupa, and is in a strange transition period during which he does not eat. How To Write Special Feature Articles A Handbook for Reporters, Correspondents and Free-Lance Writers Who Desire to Contribute to Popular Magazines and Magazine Sections of Newspapers After remaining in the pupa stage about a week, they change into beetles again, which either begin feeding or go to winter quarters. Studies of Trees Both eggs and pupa are incessantly watched and tended, licked and fed, and carried to a place of safety in time of danger. Scientific American Supplement No. 822, October 3, 1891 The penultimate instar of this sex in which the wing-rudiments are visible externally lies passively beneath the scale, its behaviour resembling that of a butterfly pupa. The Life-Story of Insects Fritz Müller has described a caddis-fly larva which lives among these leaves, and which has been modified in the pupa state in accordance with its surroundings. Darwinism (1889) Without possibility of defence, since it is by now a somnolent grub or a helpless pupa, the embryo weevil is eaten until nothing but skin remains. A Book of Exposition In more southern regions the butterfly pupa rests not more than fourteen days in summer. Scientific American Supplement, No. 520, December 19, 1885 The ant life has four well marked periods: First, the egg; second, the grub or larva; third, the chrysalis or pupa; fourth, the imago, or perfect insect. Scientific American Supplement No. 822, October 3, 1891 From the prominence of imaginal structures in the pupa, it is at once seen that the pupa of any insect must resemble the adult more nearly than it resembles the larva. The Life-Story of Insects The pupae of caddis-flies inhabiting streams have fringes of hair on the tarsi to enable them to reach the surface on leaving their cases. Darwinism (1889) At this stage of life it burrows into the ground just beneath the surface, and changes into the pupa state. Scientific American Supplement, No. 803, May 23, 1891 The imago leaves the pupa after from five or six weeks, an uncommonly long period for a butterfly. Scientific American Supplement, No. 520, December 19, 1885 Into this it thrusts the pupa of some other insect, within whose body it has previously introduced its own eggs. Sketches of the Natural History of Ceylon But in different groups of insects we find different degrees of likeness between pupa and imago. The Life-Story of Insects An even more interesting series of experiments was made on the colours of pupae, which in many cases were known to be affected by the material on which they underwent their transformations. Darwinism (1889) The pupa is three-fourths of an inch long, and of a mahogany brown color. Scientific American Supplement, No. 803, May 23, 1891 These ants, having no permanent nests, carry their larvae and pupae with them when marching. Composition-Rhetoric In the early pupa state the female is easily distinguishable from the male, by being more elliptical and much more convex. Sketches of the Natural History of Ceylon The pupal cuticle has to be shed for the emergence of the imago, but the pupa is already a somewhat reduced model of the final instar, with abbreviated wings and doubled-up legs. The Life-Story of Insects He showed that the action of the coloured light did not affect the pupa itself but the larva, and that only for a limited period of time. Darwinism (1889) There are successive broods during the season, and the winter is passed in the pupa stage. Scientific American Supplement, No. 803, May 23, 1891 Our intelligence cannot wall itself up alive, like a pupa in its chrysalis. A Pluralistic Universe Hibbert Lectures at Manchester College on the Present Situation in Philosophy I had escaped from the pupa state of existence. The Autobiography of a Journalist, Volume I A free pupa is characteristic of the Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Trichoptera, Hymenoptera and many Diptera. The Life-Story of Insects Each of these larvae remains in the pupa state about five or six days, so that each parent fly may be increased ten thousand-fold in a fortnight. Darwinism (1889) The larvæ of many insects are much like the adults in form and habits, but have no trace of wings, the rudimentary wings appearing only in the pupa stage. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section I, J, K, and L I have some pupae cases and the moths will be out any day now. The Harvester Wesley stood staring in speechless astonishment, for the man had arisen, brushed the dirt from his hands, and held out to Elnora a small shining dark pupa case. A Girl of the Limberlost Consequently the obtect pupa, as this type is called, does not resemble its imago as fully as a free pupa does. The Life-Story of Insects The second class consists of certain larvae, and pupae, which undergo changes of colour when exposed to differently coloured surroundings. Darwinism (1889) Thorough early fall cultivation of land intended for strawberries will destroy many of the pupae. Manual of Gardening (Second Edition) The larva of the fly is, I believe, eyeless like the larvae of other Diptera, but Morgan says nothing of the eye being developed in the imago or pupa and then degenerating. Hormones and Heredity She had him on his knees digging pupae cases for her from the swamp. A Girl of the Limberlost The outline of the wings for example in a butterfly's pupa can in some cases be traced only with difficulty. The Life-Story of Insects The young louse-fly emerges from the pupa in from three to four weeks. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Leaving its host in September, it spins a delicate double cocoon in which it remains all winter in the larva state, transforming to pupa in May, and issuing as an imago in June. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 It might perhaps be said that this took place in the pupa, but that seems impossible, for the complete wing is not fully developed in the pupa. Hormones and Heredity I know we have a dozen and a half cocoons and we have three pupae cases. A Girl of the Limberlost If the pupa of a butterfly or moth be lifted and held in the hand, a bending or wriggling motion of the abdomen can be observed. The Life-Story of Insects The adult parasites and the pupae are large and easily found. Common Diseases of Farm Animals A few pupae were then still to be found—a larva the rare exception. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 Western faiths especially teach that our life on earth is a larval state of greedy helplessness, and that death is a pupa- sleep out of which we should soar into everlasting light. In Ghostly Japan What kind of logs were best to look beside, what trees were pupae cases most likely to be under; on what bushes did caterpillars spin most frequently? A Girl of the Limberlost In the incompletely obtect pupa, this motion is evident in a greater number of segments than in the completely obtect, the number concerned varying from five to two in different families. The Life-Story of Insects The pupa state lasts several weeks, when the mature fly issues forth. Common Diseases of Farm Animals A gray pupa I was holding in my hand suddenly burst its envelope, and in halt a minute on its legs stood a fly, thus identifying the perfect insect…. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 It had only just broken out when it was time for the larvae to turn into pupae. The Wonderful Adventures of Nils During the pupa stage, it does not feed and after a few days it emerges as a butterfly. Free from School In the nymphalid butterflies, the pupa is often called a 'chrysalis' on account of the golden hue displayed by the cuticle, and the term 'chrysalis' is sometimes bestowed indiscriminately on any kind of pupa. The Life-Story of Insects Within a few hours after birth, the larvae develop into pupae, which are hard, dark brown in color and firmly glued to the wool. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Occasionally a pupa could not cast off its envelope, and came wriggling out of the ground, when it was immediately captured by ants. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 The poor things that lived to be full grown crawled up on the branches, spun white webs around themselves, and sat for a couple of weeks as motionless pupae. The Wonderful Adventures of Nils There were, I believe, perfect Insects before larvae and pupae; but, on the contrary, Nauplii and Zoeae far earlier than perfect Prawns. Facts and Arguments for Darwin Many larvae bury themselves in the earth, and the pupa lies in an earthen chamber, the lining particles of soil fastened together by fine silken threads. The Life-Story of Insects Everybody knows that the butterfly emerges from the pupa, and the pupa from a quite different thing called a larva, and the larva from the butterfly's egg. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Whenever they come across a Hypoclinea carrying a larva or pupa, they capture the burden so quickly, that I could never ascertain exactly how it was done. The Naturalist in Nicaragua In this they soon change to pupae, from which are produced a second breed of flies by the end of June and beginning of July. Success with Small Fruits He proved that the metamorphosis is a perfectly gradual one, and that no sharply separated stages of development, like the caterpillar and pupa of the Lepidoptera, could be defined in it. Facts and Arguments for Darwin The pupae of butterflies are especially interesting, as illustrating the extreme reduction of the silken cocoon. The Life-Story of Insects It's pupa case The four insects here figured and described are, as far as I am aware, new. Journals of Expeditions of Discovery into Central Australia and Overland from Adelaide to King George's Sound in the Years 1840-1: Sent By the Colonists of South Australia, with the Sanction and Support of the Government: Including an Account of the Manners and Customs of the Aborigines and the State of Their Relations with Europeans — Volume 01 They may easily be known by all the common workers moving in one direction, many of them carrying the larvae and pupae carefully in their jaws. The Naturalist in Nicaragua The cautious use of lime and salt around and under the bushes might prove beneficial, since the worm descends into the soil before changing into a pupa. Success with Small Fruits A perfectly similar appendage, "a most delicate tube or ribbon," was found by Darwin in free-swimming pupae of Lepas australis on the last joints of the "prehensile antennae." Facts and Arguments for Darwin The cremaster is a characteristic structure in the pupa of a moth or butterfly. The Life-Story of Insects One writer stated that the tongue cases of some pupae turn over and fasten on the back between the wing shields, and others were strangely silent on the subject. Moths of the Limberlost Many were bringing along pieces of the ant-food from the old to the new nests; others carried the undeveloped white pupae and larvae. The Naturalist in Nicaragua Bees and various other insects must be directed by instinct to search flowers for nectar and pollen, as they act in this manner without instruction as soon as they emerge from the pupa state. Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom If, therefore, the supposition that the appendages on the antennae of the pupae of Rhizocephala are young roots be correct, the roots of the Rhizocephala are homologous with the cement-ducts of the Cirripedia. Facts and Arguments for Darwin The means by which the suspended pupa of a nymphalid butterfly attaches its cremaster to the silken pad which the larva has spun in preparation for pupation, is worthy of brief attention. The Life-Story of Insects Later I saw several others emerge in the same way, and then made some experiments that forever convinced me that this is the only manner in which ground pupae possibly could emerge. Moths of the Limberlost Along with them were pupae and larvae, not gathered together, but dispersed, apparently irregularly, throughout the flocculent mass. The Naturalist in Nicaragua I find, in addition, pupae more or less fully coloured, perfect insects, with a distended abdomen, ready to leave the trunk when the hot weather comes again. The Wonders of Instinct Chapters in the Psychology of Insects Of the fifteen subjects interred in the pupa stage, fourteen easily reach the surface when they become flies. The Life of the fly; with which are interspersed some chapters of autobiography Were the process of moulting to be simply completed while the insect hangs by the claspers, the pupa would of course fall to the ground. The Life-Story of Insects With burrowing caterpillars that winter in pupa cases, soft earth or rotting wood is found and entered by working their way with the heads and closing it with the hind parts. Moths of the Limberlost In one cell eggs will be found, in another grubs, and in a third pupae, all lying loosely. The Naturalist in Nicaragua Every pupa breathes in its shell, however compact this may be, even as the unhatched bird breathes inside the egg. Bramble-Bees and Others How is the parasite's inroad into the flesh fly's pupae effected? The Life of the fly; with which are interspersed some chapters of autobiography The moult is thus completed and the pupa hangs securely all the time. The Life-Story of Insects The caterpillar skin opens in a straight line just behind the head on the back, and by working with the pointed abdomen the pupa case emerges. Moths of the Limberlost |
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