英语词汇“opsin”造句的方法、技巧、例句及翻译-英语例句辞典

The virus infects the neurons, depositing the opsin DNA inside. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z

In 2005, scientists discovered that they could put opsin genes into mammalian brain cells using an unlikely assistant: a virus. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z

In the membrane, the opsins operate as light-sensitive channels; when scientists shine a light on the mouse’s brain, the opsin channels open and electrically charged particles rush into the cell. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z

By attaching a little snippet of regulatory DNA to the front of the opsin gene, researchers can make sure that only certain kinds of neurons produce the light-sensitive molecule. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z

In optogenetics, scientists insert an opsin gene into a virus, then inject the modified virus into the brain of a mouse. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z

In 2018, researchers found that hogfish skin expressed a gene for an opsin protein, which is the same kind of protein that senses color in the retinas of eyes. Watch light-sensing cells turn this hogfish into a master of disguise 2023-08-22T04:00:00Z

In a 2018 study, Schweikert's team found hogfish possess an opsin specifically sensitive to blue light in their skin, she said. This fish changes its color like a chameleon. New research suggests it can "see" with its skin 2023-08-22T04:00:00Z

Each of those has a photosensitive opsin, which is the molecule that changes shape when light is received, and which determines the cell’s sensitivity to wavelength. Color Is in the Eye, and Brain, of the Beholder 2022-11-01T04:00:00Z

Activation of retinal and the opsin proteins result in activation of a G protein. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z

He received an injection in his worse eye of a harmless virus called an adeno-associated virus, which carried the gene for an opsin from algae. Blind man regains some vision, with help from light-sensing algal protein 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z

Setups sometimes use cameras and special goggles to project light wavelengths and intensity optimized for the opsin being used, but scientists are also testing opsins that respond to direct light. Using Light to Control Cells Holds Promise across the Body 2021-05-12T04:00:00Z

But for now, getting an opsin into monkey neurons means infecting the cells with a virus injected through a hole in the skull. Controlling monkey brains with light could get easier thanks to open data project 2020-10-28T04:00:00Z

The genes that code for each opsin has seven sites in the gene that are polymorphic: They can have different letters of DNA. Color Is in the Eye, and Brain, of the Beholder 2022-11-01T04:00:00Z

Until the retinal molecule is changed back to the 11-cis-retinal shape, the opsin cannot respond to light energy, which is called bleaching. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z

Then they began to train him to use special goggles that amplify incoming light from an image and focus it on the retina in the amber wavelength sensed by the opsin. Blind man regains some vision, with help from light-sensing algal protein 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z

Our ability to see is mediated by a family of opsin proteins in the retina. Light-activated neurons deep in the brain control body heat 2020-09-01T04:00:00Z

Along with opsin DNA, the virus typically carries a sequence called a promoter, which restricts the opsin’s expression to certain cell types. Controlling monkey brains with light could get easier thanks to open data project 2020-10-28T04:00:00Z

The most famous opsin forms the backbone of rhodopsin, the pigment in eye cells known as rods that allow you to see in low light. Proteins that sense light also sense taste, at least in fruit flies 2020-04-02T04:00:00Z

Along with an opsin gene, they injected the gene for a molecule that fluoresces when neurons fire, allowing them to discern what cells were active. Laser holograms stimulate brain cells in mice to probe roots of perception and hallucination 2019-07-17T04:00:00Z

Salzburger and his colleagues searched for opsin genes in 101 fish species, including seven Atlantic Ocean deep-sea fish whose genomes they fully sequenced. In the deep, dark ocean fish have evolved superpowered vision 2019-05-09T04:00:00Z

It aims to deliver an opsin to retinal ganglion cells, but there is a potential snag: retinal ganglion cells are naturally sensitive to light. Four technologies that could transform the treatment of blindness 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z

On the bright side, neurons along the cochlea spiral expressed the gene that produced the opsin protein. Light Beam Lets the Deaf (Gerbil) Hear 2018-07-16T04:00:00Z

The researchers repeated the experiment — this time using an opsin to turn off excitatory neurons in the prefrontal cortex — and the mice were similarly sociable. Scientists Use Light to Turn Off Autism Symptoms in Mice 2017-08-03T04:00:00Z

But when scientists traced the nematodes’ light-avoiding behavior, they found the responsible protein was neither an opsin nor a cryptochrome, the only two types of light-sensitive proteins, or photoreceptors, known to exist in animals. Even without eyes, these roundworms sense light up to 100 times better than humans 2016-11-17T05:00:00Z

The spectral bands of light that each opsin absorbed hardly overlapped that of other opsins — a trait that enables the fish to perceive greater variation in colours. Animal behaviour: Come mate with me : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-06T04:00:00Z

The team then tested the skin for the presence of opsin genes, and discovered that the sensory neurons in the skin produce the opsins needed for light detection. Octopuses and other cephalopods can 'see' with their skin 2015-05-22T04:00:00Z

They injected a virus into the gerbils’ cochlea, which carried the opsin gene into the auditory neurons. Light Beam Lets the Deaf (Gerbil) Hear 2018-07-16T04:00:00Z

The researchers inserted an opsin into interneurons, a type of inhibitory neuron, in the mutant mice’s prefrontal cortex. Scientists Use Light to Turn Off Autism Symptoms in Mice 2017-08-03T04:00:00Z

It turned out that the key to engineering such a cell had already been discovered, in the early seventies, when a German biochemist named Dieter Oesterhelt described the first microbial opsin. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z

The fiber’s light activates the opsin, which in turn conducts an electrical charge that forces the neuron to fire. Can the Nervous System Be Hacked? 2014-05-23T04:00:00Z

By the early 2000s there had also been an improvement in engineering viruses that were effective in smuggling the opsin genes into nerve cells, but caused no harm. The Map Makers: Brain Control in a Flash of Light 2014-04-25T06:16:09Z

When light shines on an opsin, it absorbs a photon and changes. The Map Makers: Mind Control in a Flash of Light 2014-04-21T17:25:58Z

An exception is that it was possible to obtain a ligand-free structure of opsin with an activated conformation in the presence of lipids at low pH. Molecular signatures of G-protein-coupled receptors 2013-02-13T18:21:29.900Z

He used an opsin taken from the retina of a fruit fly. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z

The opsin technique hinges on gene therapy, which has had limited success in clinical trials, is very expensive and seems to come with grave health risks. Can the Nervous System Be Hacked? 2014-05-23T04:00:00Z

Feuda and his colleagues gathered opsin sequences from all corners of the animal kingdom, hairy, scaly and squishy, and calculated how related these genes were to each other. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

When certain wavelengths of light hit an opsin protein, it changes shape, triggering a chemical cascade that opens tiny gates in cell walls called ion channels. Blindsight: Animals that See Without Eyes [Slide Show] 2012-08-20T13:15:00.197Z

The researchers were able to directly connect the opsin signaling cascade to this change in feeding behavior by introducing a blocker of opsin signaling, cis-diltiazem. Hydra Watch What They Eat 2012-03-05T22:15:06.293Z

In 2003, a group of German researchers announced the discovery of a new microbial opsin, derived from a green algae that grows in ponds. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z

Hanlon and his team will perform experiments with cephalopods to determine how opsin molecules receive light and aid the animal’s visual system in adjusting skin patterns for communication and camouflage. Marine Life Inspires New Camouflage 2011-05-18T18:53:00Z

These discoveries forced opsin biologists back to the evolutionary drawing board. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

When scientists sequenced the genome of Hydra magnipapillata, they found plenty of opsin genes. Blindsight: Animals that See Without Eyes [Slide Show] 2012-08-20T13:15:00.197Z

First, biologists identify an “opsin,” a protein found in photosensitive organisms like pond scum that allows them to detect light. Control Desk for the Neural Switchboard 2011-05-16T23:10:35Z

When introduced into human embryonic kidney cells, the opsin made the cells respond to flashes of blue light. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z

The opsin would have to be smuggled into the cell using a virus, but at a concentration that would not kill the neuron. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z

Branches will shift as more opsin sequences become available and researcher probe further into the earliest history of animals. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

Roger Hanlon of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass., and his colleagues recently discovered that cuttlefishes actively express opsin genes throughout their skin, particularly in their fins and underbellies. Blindsight: Animals that See Without Eyes [Slide Show] 2012-08-20T13:15:00.197Z

There, the opsin DNA becomes part of the cell’s genetic material, and the resulting opsin proteins conduct electric currents — the language of the brain — when they are exposed to light. Control Desk for the Neural Switchboard 2011-05-16T23:10:35Z

Oesterhelt’s opsin was from a single-celled bacteria that lives in highly saline lakes in Egypt and Kenya, and survives its harsh environment by converting light into energy. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z

Photo by Gerd Alberti and Uwe Kills Gaze deep into any animal eye and you will find opsin, the protein through which we see the world. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

Now, Feuda and his colleagues push back the origin of this opsin cluster farther still. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

All animal eyes and eye-spots contain opsin, a protein that captures light. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

The opsin is now activated and eventually will cause a nearby nerve to fire, which will relay its message to the brain: light!. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

The fruit-fly opsin required three proteins acting together to get the treated cell to fire. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z

This molecular stretching exercise forces the opsin to change shape as well. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

One is the birth of opsin itself, the other is the mutation that turned opsin into a light sensing protein. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

Every ray of light that you perceive was caught by an opsin first. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z

单词	opsin
例句	opsin The virus infects the neurons, depositing the opsin DNA inside. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z In 2005, scientists discovered that they could put opsin genes into mammalian brain cells using an unlikely assistant: a virus. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z In the membrane, the opsins operate as light-sensitive channels; when scientists shine a light on the mouse’s brain, the opsin channels open and electrically charged particles rush into the cell. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z By attaching a little snippet of regulatory DNA to the front of the opsin gene, researchers can make sure that only certain kinds of neurons produce the light-sensitive molecule. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z In optogenetics, scientists insert an opsin gene into a virus, then inject the modified virus into the brain of a mouse. Science-fiction turns real: Genetically engineering animals for war 2013-03-23T19:00:00Z In 2018, researchers found that hogfish skin expressed a gene for an opsin protein, which is the same kind of protein that senses color in the retinas of eyes. Watch light-sensing cells turn this hogfish into a master of disguise 2023-08-22T04:00:00Z In a 2018 study, Schweikert's team found hogfish possess an opsin specifically sensitive to blue light in their skin, she said. This fish changes its color like a chameleon. New research suggests it can "see" with its skin 2023-08-22T04:00:00Z Each of those has a photosensitive opsin, which is the molecule that changes shape when light is received, and which determines the cell’s sensitivity to wavelength. Color Is in the Eye, and Brain, of the Beholder 2022-11-01T04:00:00Z Activation of retinal and the opsin proteins result in activation of a G protein. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He received an injection in his worse eye of a harmless virus called an adeno-associated virus, which carried the gene for an opsin from algae. Blind man regains some vision, with help from light-sensing algal protein 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z Setups sometimes use cameras and special goggles to project light wavelengths and intensity optimized for the opsin being used, but scientists are also testing opsins that respond to direct light. Using Light to Control Cells Holds Promise across the Body 2021-05-12T04:00:00Z But for now, getting an opsin into monkey neurons means infecting the cells with a virus injected through a hole in the skull. Controlling monkey brains with light could get easier thanks to open data project 2020-10-28T04:00:00Z The genes that code for each opsin has seven sites in the gene that are polymorphic: They can have different letters of DNA. Color Is in the Eye, and Brain, of the Beholder 2022-11-01T04:00:00Z Until the retinal molecule is changed back to the 11-cis-retinal shape, the opsin cannot respond to light energy, which is called bleaching. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Then they began to train him to use special goggles that amplify incoming light from an image and focus it on the retina in the amber wavelength sensed by the opsin. Blind man regains some vision, with help from light-sensing algal protein 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z Our ability to see is mediated by a family of opsin proteins in the retina. Light-activated neurons deep in the brain control body heat 2020-09-01T04:00:00Z Along with opsin DNA, the virus typically carries a sequence called a promoter, which restricts the opsin’s expression to certain cell types. Controlling monkey brains with light could get easier thanks to open data project 2020-10-28T04:00:00Z The most famous opsin forms the backbone of rhodopsin, the pigment in eye cells known as rods that allow you to see in low light. Proteins that sense light also sense taste, at least in fruit flies 2020-04-02T04:00:00Z Along with an opsin gene, they injected the gene for a molecule that fluoresces when neurons fire, allowing them to discern what cells were active. Laser holograms stimulate brain cells in mice to probe roots of perception and hallucination 2019-07-17T04:00:00Z Salzburger and his colleagues searched for opsin genes in 101 fish species, including seven Atlantic Ocean deep-sea fish whose genomes they fully sequenced. In the deep, dark ocean fish have evolved superpowered vision 2019-05-09T04:00:00Z It aims to deliver an opsin to retinal ganglion cells, but there is a potential snag: retinal ganglion cells are naturally sensitive to light. Four technologies that could transform the treatment of blindness 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z On the bright side, neurons along the cochlea spiral expressed the gene that produced the opsin protein. Light Beam Lets the Deaf (Gerbil) Hear 2018-07-16T04:00:00Z The researchers repeated the experiment — this time using an opsin to turn off excitatory neurons in the prefrontal cortex — and the mice were similarly sociable. Scientists Use Light to Turn Off Autism Symptoms in Mice 2017-08-03T04:00:00Z But when scientists traced the nematodes’ light-avoiding behavior, they found the responsible protein was neither an opsin nor a cryptochrome, the only two types of light-sensitive proteins, or photoreceptors, known to exist in animals. Even without eyes, these roundworms sense light up to 100 times better than humans 2016-11-17T05:00:00Z The spectral bands of light that each opsin absorbed hardly overlapped that of other opsins — a trait that enables the fish to perceive greater variation in colours. Animal behaviour: Come mate with me : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-06T04:00:00Z The team then tested the skin for the presence of opsin genes, and discovered that the sensory neurons in the skin produce the opsins needed for light detection. Octopuses and other cephalopods can 'see' with their skin 2015-05-22T04:00:00Z They injected a virus into the gerbils’ cochlea, which carried the opsin gene into the auditory neurons. Light Beam Lets the Deaf (Gerbil) Hear 2018-07-16T04:00:00Z The researchers inserted an opsin into interneurons, a type of inhibitory neuron, in the mutant mice’s prefrontal cortex. Scientists Use Light to Turn Off Autism Symptoms in Mice 2017-08-03T04:00:00Z It turned out that the key to engineering such a cell had already been discovered, in the early seventies, when a German biochemist named Dieter Oesterhelt described the first microbial opsin. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z The fiber’s light activates the opsin, which in turn conducts an electrical charge that forces the neuron to fire. Can the Nervous System Be Hacked? 2014-05-23T04:00:00Z By the early 2000s there had also been an improvement in engineering viruses that were effective in smuggling the opsin genes into nerve cells, but caused no harm. The Map Makers: Brain Control in a Flash of Light 2014-04-25T06:16:09Z When light shines on an opsin, it absorbs a photon and changes. The Map Makers: Mind Control in a Flash of Light 2014-04-21T17:25:58Z An exception is that it was possible to obtain a ligand-free structure of opsin with an activated conformation in the presence of lipids at low pH. Molecular signatures of G-protein-coupled receptors 2013-02-13T18:21:29.900Z He used an opsin taken from the retina of a fruit fly. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z The opsin technique hinges on gene therapy, which has had limited success in clinical trials, is very expensive and seems to come with grave health risks. Can the Nervous System Be Hacked? 2014-05-23T04:00:00Z Feuda and his colleagues gathered opsin sequences from all corners of the animal kingdom, hairy, scaly and squishy, and calculated how related these genes were to each other. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z When certain wavelengths of light hit an opsin protein, it changes shape, triggering a chemical cascade that opens tiny gates in cell walls called ion channels. Blindsight: Animals that See Without Eyes [Slide Show] 2012-08-20T13:15:00.197Z The researchers were able to directly connect the opsin signaling cascade to this change in feeding behavior by introducing a blocker of opsin signaling, cis-diltiazem. Hydra Watch What They Eat 2012-03-05T22:15:06.293Z In 2003, a group of German researchers announced the discovery of a new microbial opsin, derived from a green algae that grows in ponds. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z Hanlon and his team will perform experiments with cephalopods to determine how opsin molecules receive light and aid the animal’s visual system in adjusting skin patterns for communication and camouflage. Marine Life Inspires New Camouflage 2011-05-18T18:53:00Z These discoveries forced opsin biologists back to the evolutionary drawing board. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z When scientists sequenced the genome of Hydra magnipapillata, they found plenty of opsin genes. Blindsight: Animals that See Without Eyes [Slide Show] 2012-08-20T13:15:00.197Z First, biologists identify an “opsin,” a protein found in photosensitive organisms like pond scum that allows them to detect light. Control Desk for the Neural Switchboard 2011-05-16T23:10:35Z When introduced into human embryonic kidney cells, the opsin made the cells respond to flashes of blue light. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z The opsin would have to be smuggled into the cell using a virus, but at a concentration that would not kill the neuron. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z Branches will shift as more opsin sequences become available and researcher probe further into the earliest history of animals. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z Roger Hanlon of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass., and his colleagues recently discovered that cuttlefishes actively express opsin genes throughout their skin, particularly in their fins and underbellies. Blindsight: Animals that See Without Eyes [Slide Show] 2012-08-20T13:15:00.197Z There, the opsin DNA becomes part of the cell’s genetic material, and the resulting opsin proteins conduct electric currents — the language of the brain — when they are exposed to light. Control Desk for the Neural Switchboard 2011-05-16T23:10:35Z Oesterhelt’s opsin was from a single-celled bacteria that lives in highly saline lakes in Egypt and Kenya, and survives its harsh environment by converting light into energy. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z Photo by Gerd Alberti and Uwe Kills Gaze deep into any animal eye and you will find opsin, the protein through which we see the world. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z Now, Feuda and his colleagues push back the origin of this opsin cluster farther still. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z All animal eyes and eye-spots contain opsin, a protein that captures light. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z The opsin is now activated and eventually will cause a nearby nerve to fire, which will relay its message to the brain: light!. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z The fruit-fly opsin required three proteins acting together to get the treated cell to fire. Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z This molecular stretching exercise forces the opsin to change shape as well. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z One is the birth of opsin itself, the other is the mutation that turned opsin into a light sensing protein. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z Every ray of light that you perceive was caught by an opsin first. Animal vision evolved 700 million years ago 2012-11-21T03:15:03.667Z
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