| 单词 | mutational |
| 例句 | They also found a mutational signature linked with the use of psoralens, a compound sometimes used as part of a treatment for psoriasis flare-ups. Psoriasis not caused by spontaneous mutations in skin cells 2023-10-26T04:00:00Z The mutational analysis revealed that the phosphate takes the same release route in the filament end and the filament core. Through the backdoor: How phosphate escapes from actin 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z The vaccine mimicked a mutational change in a histone protein typical of this type of cancer. Mutation-specific peptide vaccine against midline gliomas used in patients 2023-09-21T04:00:00Z Promisingly, as researchers categorize and catalog different subtypes, new treatments may be on the horizon as well — custom tailored to attack the cancer’s unique mutational profile. Nonsmokers and lung cancer: What to know now | Provided by Providence Swedish 2023-07-10T04:00:00Z The reason embryos of unrelated species are often similar is that mutational changes that affect the organism during embryonic development can cause amplified differences in the adult, even while the embryonic similarities are preserved. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z And while it likely won’t skirt immunity completely, the variant could dodge some of our defenses thanks to a mutational boost. Why COVID’s XBB.1.5 ‘Kraken’ Variant Is So Contagious 2023-01-10T05:00:00Z “I don’t think it’s going to hit a wall in the mutational space,” said Daniel Sheward, a postdoctoral researcher at the Karolinska Institute and co-author on the new study. Why Omicron Might Stick Around 2022-09-22T04:00:00Z “They might tell us the kind of mutational direction the virus will take in the population.” As Omicron rages on, scientists have no idea what comes next 2022-07-19T04:00:00Z Population-level immunity is one reason the virus remains in mutational overdrive. As the BA.5 variant spreads, the risk of coronavirus reinfection grows 2022-07-10T04:00:00Z It has been important to understand the signatures of different mutational processes, but therapeutically, what Beroukhim and his colleagues are interested in is the small subset of mutations that are causing the cancer to grow. How to Tell Whether a Cancer Is Caused by Plain Bad Luck 2022-04-26T04:00:00Z With thousands of genetic changes seen in each tumour they analysed, researchers were able to detect specific combinations of genetic alterations - so-called "mutational signatures" - that may be key to cancers developing. Cancer: Huge DNA analysis uncovers new clues 2022-04-21T04:00:00Z "Recombination is common among coronaviruses and is regarded as an expected mutational event." Super-contagious COVID variant XE has a key deficiency that could be our saving grace 2022-04-13T04:00:00Z Alpha is still thought to have emerged from a chronic infection, mainly because it has some of these interesting signals — particularly mutational signals — that are seen in chronic infections. How did omicron mutate, and how could it evade antibodies? Fred Hutch scientist Trevor Bedford answers our questions 2021-12-02T05:00:00Z While little is known about transmissibility and if this variant causes more severe COVID-19 or not, its mutational profile has scientists concerned — hence, the worldwide political reaction to the variant. Does the omicron variant mean vaccines will have to be updated? Here's what scientists say 2021-12-02T05:00:00Z "But I can say pretty confidently the reason why folks are ringing alarm bells over this is the really high number of mutations in the mutational profile." The omicron variant is spreading rapidly — but doctors note cases so far are not severe 2021-11-30T05:00:00Z Researchers also created a computer programme to help scientists and doctors check whether patients who have had whole genome sequencing have any of the newly discovered mutational clues. Cancer: Huge DNA analysis uncovers new clues 2022-04-21T04:00:00Z And it contains a mutational hot spot: a seven amino acid stretch that is mutated in every SARS-CoV-2 variant of interest or concern in most samples studied. Why is Delta so infectious? New lab tool spotlights little noticed mutation that speeds viral spread 2021-11-03T04:00:00Z The prevailing theory is, therefore, that mutational burden determines the efficacy of immunotherapy. The RNA and protein landscape that could bring precision medicine to more people 2020-09-22T04:00:00Z “Natural selection -- survival of the fittest -- is allowing the virus to fight back against the mutational process,” the researchers added. Humans are mutating COVID-19 virus, but it is fighting back, scientists say 2020-07-24T04:00:00Z Consequently, the mutational signal arising from an individual DNA strand would probably be obscured. Strands of evidence about cancer evolution 2020-06-23T04:00:00Z More broadly, a better overall understanding of the normal mutational spectra in tissues will refine our knowledge of the consequences of specific cancer drivers for many solid tumours. A catalogue of cancer-driving mutations in healthy tissue 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z From this analysis, the authors determined a unique colibactin mutational signature — specific patterns of DNA alterations that arose in the presence of colibactin. A mutational signature that can be made by a bacterium arises in human colon cancer 2020-03-22T04:00:00Z The researchers aggregated evolutionary data from multiple tumours, allowing them to identify common mutational trajectories such as APC–KRAS–TP53 progression9, which describes the typical sequence in which mutations arise in colorectal cancer. Global genomics project unravels cancer’s complexity at unprecedented scale 2020-02-04T05:00:00Z Given the high mutational burden and the specific smoking-associated mutational signatures found in smokers’ healthy epithelial cells, Yoshida and colleagues examined whether these mutations affected crucial genes that are relevant for cancer growth. Smoke signals in the DNA of normal lung cells 2020-01-28T05:00:00Z All it took were a few mutational tweaks to a bacterial protein called cytochrome c. Frances Arnold Turns Microbes Into Living Factories 2019-05-28T04:00:00Z The age-related mutational signature was prevalent in normal oesophageal cells, especially in individuals who were at low risk of developing OSCC. Mutations differ in normal and cancer cells of the oesophagus 2019-01-01T05:00:00Z Pleguezuelos-Manzano and colleagues’ work fills an important gap in our knowledge regarding the mutational consequence of exposure to pks+ E. coli in the context of cancer formation. A mutational signature that can be made by a bacterium arises in human colon cancer 2020-03-22T04:00:00Z Finally, the researchers found that mutational signatures change over time in at least 40% of tumours. Global genomics project unravels cancer’s complexity at unprecedented scale 2020-02-04T05:00:00Z Molecular genetics is also transforming cancer care, as oncologists try to identify individualized treatments that might kill tumours according to their mutational profile. The clinical code-breakers 2018-10-07T04:00:00Z And he said the trial showed that “tumor mutational burden” is a reliable way to predict who will benefit from the medications. For advanced lung cancer, immune therapy plus chemo prolongs survival 2018-04-16T04:00:00Z The study focused on 299 subjects whose tumors were biopsied, sequenced and found to have a high number of genetic mutations, known as tumor mutational burden. New Drug Combinations Improve Survival in Lung Cancer 2018-04-16T04:00:00Z This work also raises the question of what mutational signatures might be induced by other microbial genotoxins. A mutational signature that can be made by a bacterium arises in human colon cancer 2020-03-22T04:00:00Z Large genomic data sets are crucial if we are to refine known mutational signatures and discover new ones. Global genomics project unravels cancer’s complexity at unprecedented scale 2020-02-04T05:00:00Z “For the vast majority of cancers, there is an amazingly clean correlation between response to therapy and mean mutational load,” Dr. Pardoll said. Doctors Said Immunotherapy Would Not Cure Her Cancer. They Were Wrong. 2018-02-19T05:00:00Z Analysis of 100,000 human cancer genomes reveals the landscape of tumor mutational burden. TGFβ attenuates tumour response to PD-L1 blockade by contributing to exclusion of T cells 2018-02-13T05:00:00Z Whole genomes redefine the mutational landscape of pancreatic cancer. Evolutionary routes and KRAS dosage define pancreatic cancer phenotypes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z Genome sequencing of normal cells reveals developmental lineages and mutational processes. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z The process was much more intricate than that for identifying mutational signatures because of the diversity and complexity of SVs. Global genomics project unravels cancer’s complexity at unprecedented scale 2020-02-04T05:00:00Z The mutational landscape of cutaneous T cell lymphoma and Sézary syndrome. PD-1 is a haploinsufficient suppressor of T cell lymphomagenesis 2017-11-14T05:00:00Z Inactivation of MMR, driven by acquired resistance to the clinical agent temozolomide, increased mutational load, promoted continuous renewal of neoantigens in human colorectal cancers and triggered immune surveillance in mouse models. Inactivation of DNA repair triggers neoantigen generation and impairs tumour growth 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z We next assessed mutational signatures in more developmentally advanced embryos, after EGA. Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z Similar mutational hotspots also exist in the chimpanzee genome and to a lesser extent in the gorilla genome, but not in the orangutan genome. Older Parents May Both Pass Down More New Mutations 2017-09-20T04:00:00Z There’s a basic set of mutational profiling that’s done all around the country but there are certain centers, including ours, that have access to a much wider set of genetic profiling of the tumors. What Do We Know about the Brain Cancer Plaguing Sen. John McCain? 2017-07-20T04:00:00Z For each sample, its mutational profile was calculated by counting the number of occurrences of each of the possible 96 mutation types. The whole-genome landscape of medulloblastoma subtypes : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-18T04:00:00Z Inactivation of DNA repair is a common oncogenic process, which increases mutational load in tumours and promotes growth. Inactivation of DNA repair triggers neoantigen generation and impairs tumour growth 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z “If you just accumulate more and more mutations, you would eventually die of mutational meltdown,” says Cris Kuhlemeier, a developmental biologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. Ancient oak's youthful genome surprises biologists 2017-06-18T04:00:00Z To assess the clinical translatability of these observations, the probability of tumour eradication across a range of tumour burdens and mutational rates was estimated using mathematical modelling. The allosteric inhibitor ABL001 enables dual targeting of BCR–ABL1 : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z This study therefore provides insights into the mutation rates, mutational processes and developmental outcomes of cell dynamics that operate during early human embryogenesis. Somatic mutations reveal asymmetric cellular dynamics in the early human embryo : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z To decipher ‘de novo’ signatures, we implemented and applied the method described previously52 to the mutational catalogue of each subgroup. The whole-genome landscape of medulloblastoma subtypes : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-18T04:00:00Z The density of variation in ExAC is not uniform across the genome, and the observation of variants depends on factors such as mutational properties and selective pressures. Analysis of protein-coding genetic variation in 60,706 humans : Nature : Nature Research 2016-08-16T04:00:00Z Mutations leave unique scars - known as mutational signatures - on our DNA and that allowed the team to identify 12 types of damage that cause mutations in the breast. Breast cancer: Scientists hail 'milestone' genetic find - BBC News 2016-05-02T04:00:00Z The research team was also able to identify 13 gene mutation patterns, called mutational signatures. Personalized Breast Cancer Treatment Gets Closer to Reality 2016-05-02T04:00:00Z Model selection framework based on Akaike information criterion was applied to these solutions to select the optimal decomposition of mutational signatures. Somatic mutations reveal asymmetric cellular dynamics in the early human embryo : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z Using these background mutational rate estimates we computed an enrichment score, binomial P value, and negative binomial test P value for each genomic window. The whole-genome landscape of medulloblastoma subtypes : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-18T04:00:00Z This catalogue of human genetic diversity contains an average of one variant every eight bases of the exome, and provides direct evidence for the presence of widespread mutational recurrence. Analysis of protein-coding genetic variation in 60,706 humans : Nature : Nature Research 2016-08-16T04:00:00Z Early on, cancer cells typically flourish by disabling DNA repair and ramping up the mutational frenzy. Scientists Ponder the Prospect of Contagious Cancer 2016-02-22T05:00:00Z Gianni sees the tumour environment, which contains a diverse mixture of cells with distinct mutational profiles, as part of the problem. Medicine: Eyes on the target : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-17T05:00:00Z Including any other mutational signature did not improve the explanation of the set of embryonic mutations. Somatic mutations reveal asymmetric cellular dynamics in the early human embryo : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z By combining mutational profiles of all samples per entity, mutational catalogues for signature extraction were compiled. The whole-genome landscape of medulloblastoma subtypes : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-18T04:00:00Z Full understanding of the factors contributing to mutational heterogeneity in cancer genomes thus requires the evaluation of the relationship between multiple epigenetic marks and mutation patterns in a cell-type-specific manner. Cell-of-origin chromatin organization shapes the mutational landscape of cancer : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z By reading those mutational marks, the research team rebuilt the family tree and traced its roots. Aids origin 'was 1920s Kinshasa' 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z They found that all the acacias on Réunion share a genetic signature that is just one mutational step away from that of some Hawaiian koas. Tree hitched a ride to island 2014-06-17T04:00:00Z All possible combinations of at least seven mutational signatures were evaluated by minimizing the constrained linear function: Somatic mutations reveal asymmetric cellular dynamics in the early human embryo : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z The preceding analysis provides insight into the mutational processes shaping chromosome 21, but unless the resulting chromosome profile confers a selective advantage on the clone, it will not expand. Constitutional and somatic rearrangement of chromosome 21 in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2014-04-04T22:52:26.172Z Thus, mutational patterns contain sufficient information for identifying the cell type of origin of a tumour. Cell-of-origin chromatin organization shapes the mutational landscape of cancer : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z The structural analysis together with liposome and mutational studies identify a membrane interacting surface on one face of the dimer and an immune evasion surface on the other. [Report] Flavivirus NS1 Structures Reveal Surfaces for Associations with Membranes and the Immune System 2014-02-20T19:25:58.565Z Thus, while mutational robustness and evolvability are antagonistic at the genotypic level, they are synergistic at the phenotypic level. [Report] The Robustness and Evolvability of Transcription Factor Binding Sites 2014-02-20T19:25:54.624Z Many other previously unknown mutational processes also seem to be involved in the development of particular cancers. Genomics: Comparisons across cancers 2013-10-16T17:21:47.753Z Changes in gene dosage are a major driver of cancer, known to be caused by a finite, but increasingly well annotated, repertoire of mutational mechanisms. Constitutional and somatic rearrangement of chromosome 21 in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2014-04-04T22:52:26.172Z Table 1: Characteristic features of cancer genomes In addition to global effects on genome architecture and mutational patterns, specific mutations may occur at an increased rate in the context of a particular instability mechanism. The causes and consequences of genetic heterogeneity in cancer evolution 2013-09-18T17:22:16.487Z Stratton described the results as like uncovering the "archaeological traces" of the many mutational processes that lead to most cancers. Gene study uncovers origins of many common cancers 2013-08-14T17:09:55Z Exome sequencing of UTUCs from 19 individuals with documented exposure to AA revealed a remarkably large number of somatic mutations and an unusual mutational signature attributable to AA. [Research Articles] Mutational Signature of Aristolochic Acid Exposure as Revealed by Whole-Exome Sequencing 2013-08-07T18:55:10.757Z Finally, exploring other malignancies that were not known to be associated with AA, we screened 93 hepatocellular carcinoma genomes/exomes and identified AA-like mutational signatures in 11. [Research Articles] Genome-Wide Mutational Signatures of Aristolochic Acid and Its Application as a Screening Tool 2013-08-07T18:55:08.143Z Collectively, our analyses highlighting total gene complement, sequential WGD and mutational diversity estimates for U. gibba raise quandaries regarding the evolution of its contracted genome. Architecture and evolution of a minute plant genome 2013-06-05T17:21:05.400Z We then more directly investigated the interactions of HA glycosylations and antibody responses through mutational analysis. [Research Articles] Glycosylations in the Globular Head of the Hemagglutinin Protein Modulate the Virulence and Antigenic Properties of the H1N1 Influenza Viruses 2013-05-29T19:25:07.827Z We find on closer inspection of their data that the polymorphism trends are primarily attributable to mutational variation and technical artifacts rather than selection. [Technical Comment] Comment on “Evidence of Abundant Purifying Selection in Humans for Recently Acquired Regulatory Functions” 2013-05-09T17:55:17.457Z Informatic analysis of 5 million antibody heavy chain sequences from healthy individuals allowed us to perform global characterizations of isotype distributions, determine the lineage structure of the repertoire, and measure age- and antigen-related mutational activity. [Research Articles] Lineage Structure of the Human Antibody Repertoire in Response to Influenza Vaccination 2013-02-06T21:55:08.743Z Our study highlights an unusual genome-wide AA mutational signature and the potential use of mutation signatures as “molecular fingerprints” for interrogating high-throughput cancer genome data to infer previous carcinogen exposures. [Research Articles] Genome-Wide Mutational Signatures of Aristolochic Acid and Its Application as a Screening Tool 2013-08-07T18:55:08.143Z Some are or may be doing something specific; others act as non-specific factor sinks and probably also buffer the genome against mutational hits. Junk DNA, Junky PR 2012-09-17T23:45:02.920Z The third reason for accepting the reality of junk DNA is to simply think about mutational load. Three reasons why junk DNA makes evolutionary sense 2012-09-13T22:45:03.353Z Differences in polymorphism and divergence between these three groups are nearly identical, compatible with a mutational cause. The accessible chromatin landscape of the human genome 2012-09-05T17:21:47.670Z We evaluated the mutational significance of genes using a previously described method. Recurrent R-spondin fusions in colon cancer 2012-08-29T17:52:03.740Z The variations in mutation rate correlated with differences in the ultraviolet mutational signature. Melanoma genome sequencing reveals frequent PREX2 mutations 2012-05-23T17:22:14.467Z The work had given scientists "a full panoramic view of the cancer genome" and helped them identify "mutational patterns rather than individual mutations in specific genes", he added. Study unpicks gene changes behind breast cancer 2012-05-17T16:12:39Z The understanding that mutational loads would be prohibitive had most of our DNA not been junk. Three reasons why junk DNA makes evolutionary sense 2012-09-13T22:45:03.353Z Due to marked mutational capacities and ready response to environmental pressures and sedentary habits, pocket gophers differentiate readily into numerous subspecies. The Pocket Gophers (Genus Thomomys) of Utah, Vol. 1 No. 1 Kansas University Publications. 2012-03-19T02:00:23.340Z Pathway mutational significance was also calculated as previously described, with the exception that the BioCarta Pathway database was used, which was downloaded as part of the MSigDB. Recurrent R-spondin fusions in colon cancer 2012-08-29T17:52:03.740Z These different mutational signatures suggest a complex mechanism of ultraviolet mutagenesis across the clinical spectrum of melanoma, probably reflecting distinct histories of environmental exposures and cutaneous biology. Melanoma genome sequencing reveals frequent PREX2 mutations 2012-05-23T17:22:14.467Z While considering the possible merits of a wider dissemination of more complete information regarding mutational changes of the newly created H5N1 strains, one fact must be kept in mind. [Policy Forum] Public Health and Biosecurity: Life Sciences at a Crossroads: Respiratory Transmissible H5N1 2012-02-16T18:55:34.590Z The mutational rate and number of structural variations per case that we assessed were among the lowest reported in human cancer to date. A novel retinoblastoma therapy from genomic and epigenetic analyses 2012-01-18T18:21:09.930Z The mutational spectrum is similar to myeloid tumours, and moreover, the global transcriptional profile of ETP ALL was similar to that of normal and myeloid leukaemia haematopoietic stem cells. The genetic basis of early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2012-01-11T18:21:11.777Z Dr. Crow served on a genetics committee set up by the National Academy of Sciences to assess mutational damage in those exposed to radiation from the atomic weapons dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. James F. Crow, Population Genetics Pioneer, Dies at 95 2012-01-11T01:34:28Z Integrative high-throughput sequencing of patients with advanced cancer generates a comprehensive, individual mutational landscape to facilitate biomarker-driven clinical trials in oncology. [Research Articles] Personalized Oncology Through Integrative High-Throughput Sequencing: A Pilot Study 2011-11-30T20:25:13.103Z Their tumor cells contained different types of mutations that the scientists traced back in evolutionary time using mathematical models to build a kind of “family mutational tree.” How Old Is Your Cancer? 2011-01-07T14:15:07.153Z The overall mutational rate was very low; was the only known cancer gene mutated. A novel retinoblastoma therapy from genomic and epigenetic analyses 2012-01-18T18:21:09.930Z The changing of the innate characters of the human race is a slow process, depending chiefly upon the advantage taken of the appearance of real mutational variations. The Social Direction of Evolution An Outline of the Science of Eugenics The damaging effects of radiation fit with Dr. Crow’s academic interest in mutational load — that is, the accumulation of changes to DNA, most of which are deleterious. James F. Crow, Population Genetics Pioneer, Dies at 95 2012-01-11T01:34:28Z Some goofy new gland, I suppose—or as you guessed, a mutational development. Telempathy “I take it there’s been a heavy mutational variation in the humanoid norm on this planet,” said Orne. Missing Link This mutational gathering of the municipal council was the only outward sign of anxiety to be found in this picturesque township. My Home in the Field of Honor In my opinion, those who, like Weismann, consider all taxonomic characters adaptive, are equally mistaken with Bateson and his followers, who regard all characters as mutational. Hormones and Heredity In 1979 he was chairman of an academy committee on the mutational effect of environmental chemicals. James F. Crow, Population Genetics Pioneer, Dies at 95 2012-01-11T01:34:28Z They are of the same order as the mutational variations of the modern biologist upon which the appearance of a new character depends. Darwin and Modern Science But these "growth variations" were present in the parents, and in this they differ from mutational variations. Darwin and Modern Science |
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