| 单词 | Merodach |
| 例句 | In the last tablet of the series—that recording the praises of Merodach and his fifty new names,—there are a few points that are worthy of examination. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Yet the inscriptions of Nebuchadnezzar II. celebrate above all other deities the lord of Jupiter, Merodach, as Belrabu, i.e. the "great lord," the "highest god," the "lord of heaven and earth." The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z "Bel shall be put to shame, and I will take out of his mouth that which he has swallowed, and Merodach shall be overthrown, their images and idols." The History of Antiquity Vol. VI. (vol. VI. of VI.) 2011-12-15T03:00:18.317Z Out of the skin of Tiamat, Merodach formed the firmament which 'divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above it.' A Primer of Assyriology 2011-09-14T02:00:47.990Z There was no return; none, even with the help of Merodach, could come back to the home he had left on earth; the sevenfold gates of Hades opened only to admit those that entered it. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z To all appearance, the worshipper, in the above extract, desires to be delivered by the god whom he worships into the hands of the god Merodach. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Bread and sweet milk was the only fare that Merodach cared for, and having bargained for that, he would not want it, though he often got it with a curse and with ill will. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z That is, by the destruction of Babylon, Bel, the god of their idolatry, is confounded, punishment is inflicted on him; Merodach, the chief idol representative of Bel, is broken in pieces. The Messiah in Moses and the Prophets 2010-12-20T17:11:50.233Z The great temple of Bel-Merodach, called Ê-Saggila, rose within it; that of Nebo, the prophet and interpreter of Merodach, being at Borsippa. A Primer of Assyriology 2011-09-14T02:00:47.990Z The words supposed to have been put into the mouth of Merodach after his creation of man, late in date though they may be, testify clearly to the fact. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z As has been said above, Merodach was the god that was regarded by the Babylonians and Assyrians as he who went about doing good on behalf of mankind. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Merodach came in, and the house-maid said to him, "There is your breakfast, creature." The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z Babylon is taken, Bel is confounded, Merodach is broken in pieces;” and li. The Messiah in Moses and the Prophets 2010-12-20T17:11:50.233Z The struggle between Merodach, the god of light and order, with Tiamat, the dragon of darkness, chaos, and evil, occupied a prominent place in the Epic of the Creation. A Primer of Assyriology 2011-09-14T02:00:47.990Z Babylon was the first to be smitten, then Erech; and Merodach and Istar mourned vainly over the ruin of their people. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z In the texts that give the wanting parts, Aa is represented as asking his son Merodach what it was that he did not know, and in what he could still instruct him. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z And often was he hammering over the name of "Evil Merodach, King of Babylon," to himself. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z Besides the temple of Assur there was another great temple dedicated to Anu and Hadad, as well as the smaller sanctuaries of Bel, Ishtar, Merodach and other deities. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" The rest of this legend evidently relates to deified men, among whom are Merodach, Nebo, and other heroes. The Origin of the World According to Revelation and Science On the eastern side of the tower was the sanctuary of Nebo, the “angel” or interpreter of the will of Merodach, with Tasmit, his wife. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z The 7th day is a fast of Merodach and Zēr-panitum, a fortunate day, an evil day. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z The natural consequence of this refusal was, that the Lady instantly set herself to embitter Merodach's life as much as possible, in order to get early quit of a domestic every way so disagreeable. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z Merodach answered me: ‘The barbarians of whom thou hast spoken shall not exist, neither they nor their lands, nor the kings their allies.’ Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments Or again, in your Anglo-Saxon superiority you may feel like that Merodach, the King of Uruk, of whom a philosopher tells us. Seeds of Pine The solar element in Merodach threatened to absorb his human kingship; it was only his likeness to man that saved him from the fate of the Egyptian gods. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z On the eastern side of this is the “procession-street” of the god Merodach, from which came some very fine reliefs of “the Lion of Babylon,” beautifully wrought in coloured and enamelled brick. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z The Lady shook her head, uttered a feeble hollow laugh, and fixed her eyes on Merodach. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z Merodach, the great lord, the restorer of his people, beheld with joy the deeds of his vicegerent, who was righteous in hand and heart. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments And when Merodach observed how painfully the kings fed themselves with the crumbs that fell to them, he praised God for having given thumbs to man. Seeds of Pine The prayers addressed by Nebuchadrezzar to Merodach rise almost to the height of a passionate faith in the absolute goodness and mercy of the god. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Then all the gods called out, “Merodach is king!” and they gave him sceptre, throne, and insignia of royalty, and also an irresistible weapon, which should shatter his enemies. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Noises were heard on the stairs by night, and it was whispered among the servants, that the Lady had been seeking Merodach's chamber, on some horrible intent. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z The title given to Merodach—“the god who raises the dead to life”—is a remarkable one, but it was a title which was applied to the god as early as the Accadian epoch. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments Then Merodach, my great lord, inclined my heart to repair the building. Bible Romances First Series Merodach is thus an arranger rather than a creator, the founder of astronomy and the calendar rather than the maker of the stars. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Merodach being now ready for the fray, he fared forth to meet the Dragon. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z "Ha, ha, ha—I have you now!" cried Merodach, as she vanished from the hall. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z In the religious hymns of the Accadians, Merodach plays the part of a mediator and intercessor; if the gods are angry, it is Merodach who intercedes for man. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments Being the god of the prevailing city of the empire, Merodach was the greatest of all the gods, and was reverenced and extolled as befitted the friend and patron of the greatest of monarchs. History of Religion A Sketch of Primitive Religious Beliefs and Practices, and of the Origin and Character of the Great Systems At any rate, the creation in it is assigned to “the gods” generally “in their assembly” rather than to Merodach alone. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Delitzsch regarded it as due to the desire, on the part of Merodach, to have possession of the “Tablets of Fate,” which the powers of good and the powers of evil both wished to obtain. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Among the servants that came home at the next term, was one who called himself Merodach; and a strange person he was. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z Merodach was originally the Sun-god, and when Babylonia passed into the hands of the Semites he still continued to be worshipped, as the interceding god who hears prayers and “raises the dead to life.” Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments What Merodach was to Babylon, Assur was to Assyria; in fact, he was the only god peculiar to Assyria. History of Religion A Sketch of Primitive Religious Beliefs and Practices, and of the Origin and Character of the Great Systems As minister of Merodach, Nebo passed into the solar circle. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z And they were right—there was in this gross polytheism of theirs a thing of high merit, and that was, the character of the chief of their gods, Merodach. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z She then hasted to the Laird, crying bitterly, and telling him she would not suffer that wretch Merodach, as she called him, to stay another night in the family. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z Cyrus is called “the young servant” of Merodach, the patron-deity of Babylon, and “king of Anzan,” or Elam, not of Persia. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments The battle over and the enemy slain, Merodach considered how to dispose of the corpse. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture It is wisest not to imitate them, but, as in the case of Merodach and Istar, to leave the origin of the name Assur unexplained. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Except the great Merodach himself, no divine hero of past ages appealed to the Babylonian mind so strongly as Pir-napištim, who was called Atra-ḫasis, the hero of the Flood. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z "Close that book, and I will tell you, goodman," said Merodach. The Shepherd's Calendar Volume I (of II) 2011-03-05T03:00:28.153Z But he was now more specially honoured as Bel or Baal, “lord” a title which properly belonged to an older deity, but which came in time to be almost confined to Merodach, alone. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments The poem itself, as Prof. Sayce has pointed out, indicates, by the peculiar pre-eminence given in it to Merodach, that it is of late composition. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture We know a good deal about it, thanks to the theologians of Babylon, whose god Merodach was the successor and representative of the god of Eridu. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Numerous persons, more especially women, are described as devotees, or perhaps priestesses, of the Sun-god there, and sometimes similar devotees of Merodach are mentioned. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Since Merodach was the son of Ea, the culture god of Eridu near Ur on the Persian Gulf, it is possible that Babylon was a colony of Eridu. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 1 "Austria, Lower" to "Bacon" A large number of prayers have been discovered addressed for the most part to Merodach, though there are some which are addressed also to the other deities. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments It was late in the history of Babylon that Merodach was adopted as the supreme deity. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture Merodach had nothing to do with the sea and marshland, with cities that stood on the margin of the ocean, or reeds that grew by its shores. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z From a linguistic point of view, therefore, the identification of Nimrod as a changed form of Merodach is fully justified. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Merodach next arranged the stars in order, along with the sun and moon, and gave them laws which they were never to transgress. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 1 "Austria, Lower" to "Bacon" They are seldom of great length, one of the longest being a prayer after a bad dream, which is, however, addressed to the goddess Istar as well as to Merodach. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments Again, Merodach, or Marduk, is sometimes expressly identified with Bel as sun-god, sometimes with the divinity of the planet Jupiter. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture They describe at wearisome length and with tedious reiteration the challenge of Tiamât to the gods, the arming of Merodach, and his victory over the dragon. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z But, it may be asked, how is it that Nimrod, otherwise Merodach, is described as “the mighty hunter before the Lord”? The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Merodach here takes the place of Ea, who appears as the creator in the older legends, and is said to have fashioned man out of the clay. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 1 "Austria, Lower" to "Bacon" Give me unto Merodach, the merciful, to prosperity, even to prospering hands. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments Ae has not receded into comparative insignificance, nor has Bêl attained to that full supremacy which, as Merodach, he possesses in the Babylonian Creation story. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture It was doubtless the association of Nebo with Merodach that caused him, like Thoth in Egypt, to become the patron of literature and the god of the scribes. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z I have sent to ask after thy health,—may thy health before the Sun-god and Merodach be lasting.” The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z The golden image of Merodach 40 ft. high, stood in the temple below, in the sanctuary called E-Kua or "House of the Oracle," together with a table, a mercy-seat and an altar—all of gold. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 1 "Austria, Lower" to "Bacon" Merodach of Babylon was worshipped as a Bull, as was Astarte of Syria. Esoteric Christianity, or The Lesser Mysteries But it is myth when the Babylonian represents Bel or Merodach as the solar deity, destroying Tiamat, the dragon of darkness, for there is confusion in the thought. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture To the north were the chapels of Ea and Nusku, and to the south those of Anu and En-lil, while westward was the temple of Merodach himself. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z May Šamaš and Merodach cause my father to live enduring days. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Babylon had become the capital of the kingdom, and Merodach, its patron-deity, was, accordingly, supreme over the other gods of Chaldea. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs "Silver," he further explained, "corresponds to Sin, which is the moon, iron to Merodach, and tin to Bel." Balthasar and Other Works - 1909 It is now considered that the word, Nimrod, is simply a Hebrew variant of Merodach, "the well-known head of the Babylonian pantheon." The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture Zi is used here in its Semitic sense of “life” in the abstract, the position given to it as the first of the divine names and qualities bestowed on Merodach is significant. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Advantage of the changes made in this building was taken to raise the gateways, which had become too low in consequence of the raising of the festival-street of Merodach. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z When Borsippa became a suburb of Babylon its presiding deity became at the same time the minister and interpreter of Merodach under the title of Nabium or Nebo “the prophet.” Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs When Merodach or Babylon was exalted as chief god of the pantheon his messages were carried to Ea by Nusku. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria "From a linguistic point of view, therefore, the identification of Nimrod as a changed form of Merodach is fully justified." The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture The later tablets of the Epic, which are devoted to the glorification of Merodach, are for the most part of little interest for the cosmologist. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z It was there that the god Merodach, the principal deity of the Babylonians, and the founder of the temple in question, was worshipped. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z The magician alone knew how to cure them; and the priest taught that his knowledge had first been communicated to him by the god Ea through his interpreter, Merodach. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs Ea bade his son, Merodach, to "draw water from the mouth of two streams", and "on this water to put his pure spell". Myths of Babylonia and Assyria In the sight of the Hebrew prophets and poets, Merodach, in taking to himself this group of stars, published his shame and folly. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture Like Amon of Thebes, moreover, Merodach of Babylon owed much to his solar character. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Merodach, the great lord, the protector of his people, looked with joy upon his fortunate work and his just heart. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Here they were in the charge, as it were, of Bel of Nippur or Merodach of Babylon, and within sight of the ancient sanctuaries in which those gods were worshipped. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs As he has absorbed all their attributes, he is addressed by his fifty-one names; henceforth each deity is a form of Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Orion—Merodach—must have been likewise a god, the great-great-grandson of Tiamat, whom he destroys. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture Merodach is invested by Khammurabi with all the attributes of a supreme Semitic Baal. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z The priestess of Merodach may give what she leaves to whomsoever she pleases. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Iltani, it is ordained, shall be under the orders of her sister, shall prepare her food, carry her chair to the Temple of Merodach, and obey her in all things. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs Merodach caught them in his great net, and they stumbled and fell uttering cries of distress, and the whole world resounded with their wailing and lamentations. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Neither Merodach, nor Tiamat, nor the constellations of Orion and Cetus, nor the actual stars of which they are composed, are anything but creatures. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture But it was an approach merely; the final step was never taken, even by the more speculative theologians of Babylonia, which swept away the polytheism of the local cults, and left Merodach without a rival. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z As far as I have been able to see, however, this name of Merodach does not occur, and moreover, it was Nergal, and not Merodach, who was lord of Marad—Merodach's city was Babylon. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Whoever shall change these words and shall destroy the deed which Iqisa-abla has drawn up and given to Ê-Saggil-ramat and Nubtâ, her daughter, may Merodach and the goddess Zarpanit denounce judgment upon him!” Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs There is no evidence, however, to show that the displacement of Enlil by Merodach had any legendary sanction of like character. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The Hebrews always coupled Orion with the Pleiades; the Babylonians coupled Orion with Cetus—that is, Merodach with Tiamat. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture Nevertheless the solar origin of Merodach left its impress upon the theology of the State. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z In the end the god Merodach, the son of Aa, was asked to be the champion of the gods against the great emblem of the powers of evil, the Dragon of Chaos. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z To the king my lord, thy servant Nebo-sum-iddin: Salutation to the king my lord; for ever and ever may Nebo and Merodach be gracious to the king my lord. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs Apparently she was identical with Aruru, creatrix of the seed of mankind, who was associated with Merodach when the first man and the first woman were brought into being. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach is represented as setting in order the heavenly bodies. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture To give Merodach another name, therefore, was equivalent to changing his essential characteristics, and endowing him with the nature and properties of another god. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Merodach's proposal and request are then stated, and the message ends with the following words— “Hasten, and quickly decide for him your fate— Let him go, let him meet your mighty foe!” The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Merodach volunteered the task; Tiamat and her demoniac allies were overthrown and the sky formed out of her skin, while her blood became the rivers and springs. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs As all goddesses became forms of Ishtar, so did all gods become forms of Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria But first Anu and then another god turned back baffled, and finally Merodach, the son of Ea, was asked to become the champion of the gods. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture But in thus taking the place of the great gods of earth and heaven, Merodach was at the same time the inheritor and owner of their names. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Then all the great gods, who “decided the fates,” hastened to go to the feast, where they ate and drank, and, apparently with loud acclaim, “decided the fate” for Merodach their avenger. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z May Nebo and Merodach be gracious unto the son of the king my lord! Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs In one of the hymns Merodach is addressed as follows:-- Who shall escape from before thy power? Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach gladly consented, but made good terms for himself. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture There, in the temple of Merodach, they formed as it were his court, bowing in reverence before him, when, on the festival of the New Year, he announced the destinies of the future. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Here follow the honours conferred on Merodach on account of the mighty deed that he had undertaken to do. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z To the king my lord, thy servant, Saul-miti-yuballidh: Salutation to the king my lord; may Nebo and Merodach for ever and ever be gracious to the king my lord. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs Ashur-bani-pal accepted the verdict, and then visited Ashur's temple to plead with Bel Merodach to return to Babylon. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Tiamat and her serpent-brood and the gods are all existent before Merodach commences his work, and all that the god effects is a reconstruction of the world. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture In Assyria, where the worship of Assur prevented any development of that of his rival Merodach, Nebo became a special favourite of the literary class, who derived their knowledge and inspiration from Babylon. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Thus was Merodach endowed with all the names, and all the attributes, of the gods of the Babylonians—“the fifty renowned names of the great gods.” The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z The Yapur-Shapu-the reservoir of Babylon—by the grace of Merodach I filled completely full of water. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 4. (of 7): Babylon The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. "None of the persons who succeeded Alexander", Strabo wrote, "attended to the undertaking at Babylon"--the reconstruction of Merodach's temple. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Our own Scandinavian ancestors had a similar one, the setting of which was certainly not inferior to the grotesque battle of Merodach with Tiamat. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture Merodach was the divine man, freed from the limitations of our mortal existence, and therefore able not only to rule over the other gods, but also, like the magician, to make their natures his own. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Of this we shall have further proof farther on, when discussing the name of Merodach. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Nabonidus, on the other hand, seems to have restored Bel to his old position, re-establishing the distinction between him and Merodach, and preferring to devote himself to the former. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 4. (of 7): Babylon The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. Merodach like, 299.Owl, as ghost of sorrowful mother, 65; Arabian belief regarding, 70; reference to in Isaiah., Myths of Babylonia and Assyria These consist of little more than the ruins of a single building—the great temple of Merodach—which was entirely rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. As Merodach was accompanied by his four divine dogs, so Ea was attended by sacred bulls. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z For the present be it simply noted, that this is not the only text identifying Merodach with the other gods. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z It then contains prayers and invocations to the Gods, Merodach and Nebo. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 4. (of 7): Babylon The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. No fewer than ten thousand men were engaged working for two months reconstructing and decorating the temple of Merodach, which towered to a height of 607 feet. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The monograms represent in a brief way, by a wedge or a group of wedges, an entire word, often of two or three syllables, as Nebo, Babil, Merodach, etc. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. The Semites called him the Nabium or “Prophet,” and it was under this title of Nabium or Nebo that he became the minister of Merodach. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Sitting on his throne, he waited for the time when his son Merodach, the good of heart, came to ask him for those health-bringing incantations for the benefit of mankind. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z The chief objects of Babylonian worship were Bel, Merodach, and Nebo. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 4. (of 7): Babylon The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. Shamash-shum-ukin pleaded with his royal brother and overlord to restore Bel Merodach to Babylon. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria There is some question whether he is altogether to be identified with the Belus of the Greek writers, who in certain respects rather corresponds to Merodach. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. Osiris died, and was buried, like Asari or Merodach, whose temple at Babylon was also his tomb; but it was that he might rise again in the morning with renewed strength and brilliancy. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z The Babylonian tradition as to the foundation of the city of Akkad is still wanting, but that its origin was attributed to Merodach is more than probable. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z We have texts which resolve the deities of the popular faith into forms of one god; sometimes this is Anu of Erech, sometimes it is Merodach of Babylon. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations A favourable response was, of course, received from Merodach when addressed by the emperor, and the god's image was carried back to E-sagila, accompanied by a strong force. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Their most celebrated son was Merodach or Bel-Merodach, the Belus of Babylonian times. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. In Babylonia, Asari or Merodach was the champion of light and order, who conquered the dragon of chaos and her anarchic forces, and put the demons of darkness to flight. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z With these words, which are practically a description of the creation or building, by Merodach, of the heavens, the fourth tablet of the Babylonian legend of the Creation comes to an end. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Merodach, the champion of the gods of light and law, had first to do battle with Tiamat, "the dragon" of "the deep," and her allies of darkness and disorder. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations One important fact is that the ruling king of Assyria was more closely connected with the worship of Ashur than the king of Babylonia was with the worship of Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The name Merodach is of uncertain etymology and meaning. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. But the doctrine was known also in Babylonia, where the god whose word is creative was Asari, the Merodach of the Semites. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z It speaks of the bow with which Merodach overcame the Dragon of Chaos, which the god Anu, to all appearance, set in the heavens as one of the constellations. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Then Tiamat attacked Merodach the counsellor of the gods; in combat they joined; they engaged in battle. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations His first duty was to drive the Elamites from the land, and win back from them the statue of Merodach which they had carried off from E-sagila. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria It is doubtful whether any phonetic representative of Merodach has been found on the monuments; if so, the pronunciation should, apparently, be Amardak, whence we might derive the Amordacia of Ptolemy. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. In the Babylonian Epic of the Creation the “word” of Merodach creates and destroys, like the “word” of Yahweh in the Old Testament. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z It is noteworthy that, instead of Merodach, or Bêl-Merodach, the god of Babylon, who became the chief deity of all Babylonia, a new deity appears, namely, Anu-Bêl, i.e. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Then Merodach heaped up an embankment at the edge of the sea; ... as it had not before been made, ... he caused it to exist. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations By restoring the image of Merodach he secured the support of Babylon, to which city he transferred his Court. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The titles and attributes of Merodach are of more than usual vagueness. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. If it is difficult to trace the earliest lineaments of Merodach, how much more difficult must it be to trace those of the older gods! The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Anu the Lord, or, paraphrased, the Lord God of Heaven, probably the god Merodach identified with Anu. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Nebo and Merodach the king marched in front; 85. the throne-bearers marched over mountain and plain; 86. the mighty god of death lets loose the whirlwind; 87. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations In time, however, the kings followed the example of Hammurabi by exalting Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria He was probably from a very remote time the tutelary god of the city of Babylon; and hence, as that city grew into importance, the worship of Merodach became more prominent. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 1. (of 7): Chaldaea The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. Merodach was son of Ea only because he had been identified with Aṡari, who was son of Ea in the theology of Eridu. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z They believed in all their various gods, and at the same time identified those gods with Merodach. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Then I bade Merodach, the counsellor of the gods, your son; to attack Tiamat his heart urged him. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations The province of Namar was recovered, and its governor, Ritti Merodach, who was Nebuchadrezzar's battle companion, was restored to his family possessions and exempted from taxation. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The first great battle of the gods was between Tiamat and Merodach. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 11 — Ancient and Mediæval History His wisdom is handed on to Merodach; even the creation of mankind is denied to him. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z He took the hands of the prince, Merodach, and caused him to enter within Aššur343—according to the anger of the god then he treated the land. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Then I sent forth Merodach, the counsellor of the gods, your son; to attack Tiamat his heart urged him. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations Apparently they were strongly supported by the non-Semitic elements in the population, and represented a popular revolt against the political supremacy of the city of Babylon and its god Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach regulated the movements of the sun and divided the year into twelve months. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 11 — Ancient and Mediæval History Here and here only could have been the link which bound the two deities together.256 But in passing into Merodach he lost his own personality. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z The prince, Merodach, did not cease from his wrath—for 21 years he set up his seat within Aššur. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z O Merodach, thou art he that avenges us, we give unto thee the sovereignty over the multitudes of the universe. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations Anshar then called upon Merodach, son of Ea, and addressed him, saying, "My son, who softeneth my heart, thou shalt go forth to battle and none shall stand against thee." Myths of Babylonia and Assyria To Merodach he prayed, and "his prayer was heard," and he invaded Elam, taking its king by surprise and defeating him. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 11 — Ancient and Mediæval History As long as Babylon remained the capital of the kingdom, the Bel or “lord” of Babylonia was Merodach. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z For the Babylonians, the Assyrian king was the instrument of Merodach's wrath. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Then place they in their midst a robe; they spake to Merodach their first-born: 'May thy destiny, O lord, excel that of the gods; command destruction and creation, and so it shall be done. Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations O Merodach, I fear not thy advance as chief of the gods. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Each ruler was obliged to go in state to the temple of Bel Merodach within a year of his accession, there to do homage to the divine statue. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 11 — Ancient and Mediæval History The sanctity that had lingered for so many centuries around the temple of Nippur now passed to Ê-Saggil, the temple of Merodach. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Merodach was to all appearance venerated, Nergal was worshipped as the god of death and disease, Ištar was held in high esteem. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z This is interesting from another point of view, because this Merodach or Marmaduke is, so far as we can see now, the original prototype of our 'divine intermediary' idea. The Damnation of Theron Ware Tiamat and Merodach advanced to combat against one another. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria He officiated for Merodach here below, and the scrupulously minute devotions daily occupied many hours. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 11 — Ancient and Mediæval History The priests of Merodach inherited the rights and functions of the priests of En-lil. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z There is, nevertheless, just the possibility that the Babylonians were accustomed to pay divine honours to the net of Merodach, and this may have given rise to the statement in the passage quoted. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z It is supposed that this queen was the widow of the evil Merodach, and was that famous Nitocris whom Herodotus mentions as a woman of extraordinary prudence and wisdom. The Woman's Bible Now Merodach, as the son of Ea whom he consulted and received spells from, was a brother of "Tammuz of the Abyss". Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Bel and Merodach were worshipped for gods by the men of Babylon. The Bible, Douay-Rheims, Book 28: Jeremias The Challoner Revision Merodach was their vicegerent and successor rather than themselves under another form. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z The king of Mesopotamia,344 who during the anger of Merodach had accomplished the ruin of the land, the son born of his body slew him with the sword.” The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z Thus Cyrus could in a sense worship Jehovah, the God of Israel, without thereby being rebellious to Merodach. Expositions of Holy Scripture Second Kings Chapters VIII to End and Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah. Esther, Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes Merodach Baladan, the Chaldaean king, whom Sargon had deposed, supported by Elamites and Aramaeans, was also a party to the conspiracy. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria At Babylon a prince named Merodach Baladan had set himself up against Sennacherib, and sought the friendship of Hezekiah. The Chosen People A Compendium of Sacred and Church History for School-Children Merodach, like his city, was supreme, and the older gods were surely passing away. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z With visions of Bit-sag-gal my heart bless, The temple of the gods, of Nin, with rest Unbroken, and to Merodach I pray! Babylonian and Assyrian Literature He there ascribes his conquest to 'Merodach, the great lord,' and distinctly calls himself that god's 'worshipper.' Expositions of Holy Scripture Second Kings Chapters VIII to End and Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah. Esther, Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes If Merodach was satisfied with the king he sent blessings to the land; if he was angry he sent calamities. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Soon after, Babylon was reduced by Sennacherib, and Merodach Baladan driven into exile. The Chosen People A Compendium of Sacred and Church History for School-Children Merodach might receive from the other gods their attributes and the power to exercise them, but it was delegation and not absorption. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z In honor of the god Assur, the father of the gods, and of the great and august Lord Merodach, I roused my courage, I prepared my ranks for battle. Babylonian and Assyrian Literature For example, there are three accounts of the fate of Merodach Baladan. Assyrian Historiography Old Merodach Baladan was concerned in the plot and took refuge on the Elamite coast, where the Chaldaeans had formed a colony. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria "Merodach, what you say seems truth, and leaving aside the cosmic rhythm, which I do not comprehend, define again for me the three states." AE in the Irish Theosophist For the Babylonia of later history Merodach and not En-lil was the supreme Baal, and even the legends that had been told of the god of Nippur were transferred to his younger rival. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z The opportunity was seized by Merodach Baladan of Babylon to secure his independence; and by means of an embassy he urged Hezekiah also to throw off the yoke. Prolegomena On this proof of the reality of the powers conferred on him, all the gods shouted "Merodach is king!" and handed to him sceptre, throne, and insignia of royalty. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria No king could reign aright if Merodach were not restored to E-sagila. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria "But surely, Merodach, you cannot condemn what I may say is so much a part of our nature—of all nature." AE in the Irish Theosophist Ever since the days when Babylon had been but one of the many villages of Babylonia, Merodach had been its presiding god. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Cain, the first murderer; and the King Belshazzar, And Evil Merodach of Babylon, And Admatha, the death-cloud, prince of Persia And Aschmedai the angel of the pit, And many other devils. The Complete Poems of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Being now ready for the fray, Merodach fared forth to meet Tiawath, accompanied by the fervent good wishes of "the gods his fathers." The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria In response, the priests of Shamash informed the emperor that Bel Merodach could not exercise sway as sovereign lord so long as he remained a prisoner in a city which was not his own. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria —November 15, 1893 A Talk by the Euphrates Priest Merodach walked with me at evening along the banks of the great river. AE in the Irish Theosophist Merodach had given them their supremacy, first in Babylonia and then throughout Western Asia, and the supremacy he bestowed upon them was reflected upon himself. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Other deities who were similarly exalted as "high heads" at various centres and at various periods, included Anu, Bel Enlil, and Ea, Merodach, Nergal, and Shamash. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The creation of mankind followed, in which Merodach was aided by the goddess Aruru, who made mankind's seed. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Ashur-bani-pal and Shamash-shum-ukin led the procession of priests and soldiers, and elaborate ceremonials were observed at each city they passed, the local gods being carried forth to do homage to Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria As the son of Ea he acted as the messenger between Merodach and the god of the deep. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach of Babylon assumed the title of Bel, and little by little the old god of Nippur was robbed of his ancient rank. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z He journeyed to Babylon on one occasion, carrying with him the statue of Merodach, but did not return. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria He then designated the year, setting three constellations for each month, and made a station for Nibiru—Merodach's own star—as the overseer of all the lights in the firmament. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach, according to the priests, was angry; it was probably argued that he was punishing the people because they had not thrown off the yoke of Assyria. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria A second raid to Elam resulted in the recovery of the statue of Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Similarly the rise of Babylon brought with it the supremacy of Merodach, the god of Babylon, who henceforward became the Bel or “Lord” of the whole pantheon. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z It is not surprising, therefore, to find that Ashur, like Merodach, resembled, in one of his phases, Hercules, or rather his prototype Gilgamesh. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Finally, plants, trees, and the animals, were produced, after which Merodach constructed bricks, beams, houses, and cities, including Niffer and Erech with their renowned temples. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria He strengthened the fortifications of Babylon, rebuilt the temple of Merodach, which had been destroyed by Ashur-bani-pal, and waged war successfully against the Assyrians and their allies in Mesopotamia. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Professor Pinches points out that as a sun god, and "at the same time not Shamash", Ashur resembled Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach was the champion of the gods of light, En-lil had been the lord of the demons of darkness. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z "His identification with Merodach, if that was ever accepted, may have been due to the likeness of the word to Asari, one of the deities' names." Myths of Babylonia and Assyria In composition with men's names, this deity occurs more than any other, even including Merodach himself—a clear indication of the estimation in which the Babylonians and Assyrians held the possession of knowledge. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria The remnant which was left behind continued to worship Merodach and other gods after the walls had crumbled and the great temple began to tumble down. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Like the Egyptian Osiris, the Babylonian Merodach was a highly complex deity. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Theologically as well as politically it was needful that Merodach should supplant En-lil. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Merodach changed his forms with Ishtar, and had similarly many forms. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Traversing the sky in great zigzags, Jupiter seemed to the Babylonians to superintend the stars, and this was regarded as emblematic of Merodach shepherding them—"pasturing the gods like sheep," as the tablet has it. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria A Chaldaean king, Merodach Baladan III, had allied himself with the Elamites, and occupied Babylon. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria When he was raised to the position of Bel, "the Lord" by the Babylonian conquerors, Merodach supplanted the older Bel--Enlil of Nippur. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach was already a Semitic Baal; the supremacy of his city made him the supreme Baal of Babylonia. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Merodach's spouse Zer-panitum was significantly called "the lady of the Abyss", a title which connects her with Damkina, the mother, and Belit-sheri, the sister of Tammuz. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria This place was reserved for Merodach, also a sun-god, but possessing attributes of a far wider scope. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria The god Merodach was still a captive in the temple of Ashur. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach thou art honoured Among the gods that bear a name. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria And yet Merodach was one of the youngest gods in the Babylonian pantheon. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Apparently Merodach's "cunning plan" was inspired after he had eaten a part of the body of Tiamat. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria From these names it is clear that Merodach, in defeating Tiawath, annihilated, at the same time, the spirit of evil, Satan, the accuser, of which she was, probably, the Babylonian type. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria When it was consummated the king became the steward or vassal of Merodach, and every day he appeared before the divine one to receive instructions and worship him. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Nebo and Merodach went in front, speeding like emissaries over hills and plains. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria In framing this myth from the fragments of older myths, divine sanction was given to the supremacy achieved by Merodach's city. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria A light burned on the head of Merodach, and he was clad in a robe of terror. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Zer-panîtum was no mere reflection of Merodach, but one of the most important goddesses in the Babylonian pantheon. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach's temple was decorated with greater magnificence than ever before. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach overturned the body of the dead dragon and stood upon it. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Then the gods laid down a garment before Merodach, saying: "Open thy mouth and speak words of command, so that the garment may be destroyed; speak again and it will be brought back." Myths of Babylonia and Assyria All the gods rejoiced, and they prostrated themselves and cried out, "Merodach is King!" Myths of Babylonia and Assyria To all appearance the gods, after he had ordered the universe and the things then existing, urged Merodach to further works of wonder. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Amel-Marduk, the "Evil Merodach" of the Bible, the next king of Babylon, reigned for a little over two years. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach's column terminated in a lance head, and the head of a lion crowned that of Nergal. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria In Borsippa he had, like Merodach in Babylon, pronounced Tammuz traits. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Before Sargon could deal with Merodach Baladan of Babylon, he found it necessary to pursue the arduous task of breaking up a powerful league which had been formed against him in the north. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria We see here a change in the teaching with regard to Merodach—the gods are no longer spoken of as "his fathers," but he is the creator of the gods, as well as of mankind. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria It is quite as possible, however, that the priests of Merodach had a secret understanding with the great Achaemenian, the "King of kings". Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach's spouse Zerpanitum was not a shadowy deity but a goddess who exercised as much influence as her divine husband. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Where king was, there Merodach had to be also. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Two of Merodach Baladan's sons gave trouble in the south, but were routed in battle. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Aruru was one of the names of the "lady of the gods," and aided Merodach to make the seed of mankind. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria He "took the hands" of Bel Merodach at E-sagila, and was proclaimed "King of the world, King of Babylon, King of Sumer and Akkad, and King of the Four Quarters". Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach was their son: in time he became the Bel, or "Lord", of the Babylonian pantheon. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria He may have therefore symbolized the sun rays, for Merodach had solar attributes. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Apparently Merodach obtained special knowledge after dividing, and perhaps eating, the "Ku-pu". Myths of Babylonia and Assyria In this Merodach receives the titles of all the other gods, thus identifying him with them, and leading to that tendency to monotheism of which something will be said later on. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria The Merodach priesthood apparently suffered loss of prestige at Court. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Ea, Merodach's father, overcame Apsu, the husband of the dragon Tiamat, by means of spells: he was "the great magician of the gods". Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Enlil was afterwards displaced by Merodach of Babylon. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria From this god great Merodach took the tablets of fate, and impressing upon them his own seal, placed them in his bosom. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Noteworthy in this portion is the reference to Merodach's creation of mankind:— Line 25. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Sennacherib invaded Babylonia with a strong army, deposed Merodach Baladan, routed the Chaldaeans and Aramaeans, and appointed as vassal king Bel-ibni, a native prince, who remained faithful to Assyria for about three years. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach set all the great gods in their several stations. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach decreed that the moon god should rule the night and measure the days, and each month he was given a crown. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria We have now reached the sixth tablet, which begins with a reference to words spoken to Merodach by the gods. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria His identification with Merodach, if that was ever accepted, may have been due to the likeness of the word to Asari, one of that deity's names. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach and his priests were displeased: the prestige of the great god was threatened by the policy adopted by Nabonidus. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The goddess Aruru, a deity of Sippar, and one of the forms of "the lady of the gods", is associated with Merodach as the creatrix of the seed of mankind. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria In the Babylonian Creation legend Ea is supplanted as dragon slayer by his son Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach may have been a development of Tammuz in his character as a demon slayer. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria In one inscription, however, Aššuritu is called the goddess, and Aššur the god, of the star Sib-zi-anna, identified by Jensen with Regulus, which was apparently the star of Merodach in Babylonia. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria The monotheistic tendency, which was a marked feature of Merodach worship, had previously become pronounced in the worship of Bel Enlil of Nippur. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Venus as an evening star might be regarded as the herald of the lunar or silver age; she was propitious as a bearded deity and interchanged with Merodach as a seasonal herald. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria This may account for the statements that Merodach was carried off by the Hatti and returned from the land of Khani. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Every day while at home, after worshipping Merodach at E-sagila, he dictated letters to his scribes, gave audiences to officials, heard legal appeals and issued interlocutors, and dealt with the reports regarding his private estates. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The tablets of fate, which Tiawath had delivered to Kingu, were taken from him by Merodach, who pressed his seal upon them, and placed them in his breast. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria The king's palace and the temple of Bel Merodach were surrounded by walls. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Jupiter, for instance, was Merodach, and one of the astral forms of Ishtar was Venus. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria They were probably the latter, for although they carried off Merodach and Zerpanitum, these idols were not thrust into the melting pot, but retained apparently for political reasons. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria So was the fate of Merodach decreed by the gods; so was a path of prosperity and peace prepared for him. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria At line 43 five names of Êa are given, followed by four of Merodach:— 48. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach kills the dragon, Tiamat, as the heroes of Eur-Asian folk stories kill grisly hags, by casting his weapon down her throat. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Then Merodach created seven winds--the wind of evil, the uncontrollable wind, the sandstorm, and the whirlwind, the fourfold wind, the sevenfold wind, and the wind that has no equal--and they went after him. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Tiamat opened her mouth which was seven miles wide, and Merodach called upon the evil wind to smite her; he caused the wind to keep her mouth agape so that she could not close it. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach strengthened the bonds which he had laid upon the evil gods and then returned to Tiamat. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria The name of Êa is repeated again in line 43 and following, where he is apparently re-introduced as the father of Merodach, whose names immediately follow. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria The heart of Merodach was made glad at these words. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach rested a while, gazing upon the dead body of the dragon. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Asari, one of Merodach's names, links him with Osiris, the Egyptian Tammuz, who was supplanted by his son Horus. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Command the winding course Of the Euphrates, And the will of Merodach Shall arrest the floods. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Something, however, seems to have been done with Merodach's net—probably it was placed in the heavens as a constellation, as was his bow, to which several names were given. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Hasten and speedily decide for Merodach your fate. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Babylon would therefore appear to have been deprived of Merodach for about two centuries. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Agum II, the Kassite king, does not state whether or not he waged war against Mitanni to recover Babylon's god Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Although Hammurabi ignored him, he was subsequently invoked with Merodach, and had probably much in common with Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria As this god was likewise "lord of deep wisdom," it was to him that his son Merodach went for advice whenever he was in doubt. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria And when they were made drunk and were merry and at their ease, they decreed the fate for Merodach. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria Indeed, Merodach was also identified with the planet Mercury. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria It would seem that Merodach as Jupiter displaced at Babylon Nebo as Saturn, the elder god, as Bel Enlil displaced the elder Ninip at Nippur. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria It has already been indicated that the giving of the names of "the gods his fathers" to Merodach practically identified them with him, thus leading to a tendency to monotheism. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria Merodach is accompanied by a large two-horned dragon, whilst Hadad has a small winged dragon, typifying the swiftness of his course, and another animal, both of which he holds with cords. The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria O Merodach, our avenger, we give thee sovereignty over the entire Universe. Myths of Babylonia and Assyria |
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