| 单词 | thiopental |
| 例句 | Sodium thiopental, the drug that was once used in lethal injections, is no longer made here and is not approved by the FDA for import. John Oliver on lethal injections: 'horrifying' and 'unpredictable' 2019-05-06T04:00:00Z But his job took an unexpected turn in 2010, when Hospira, the maker of the drug sodium thiopental, stopped production in the US due to an unspecified issue with obtaining raw materials. Death row: The secret hunt for lethal drugs used in US executions 2023-10-21T04:00:00Z States have found it difficult to obtain the cocktail of drugs they long relied on, such as sodium thiopental, pancuronium bromide and potassium chloride. Why are firing squads for U.S. executions being debated? 2023-03-24T04:00:00Z After spending several months considering various drugs and drug combinations, the state decided to use "sodium thiopental in lethal doses." Lethal injection is a gruesome disaster: After 40 years of cruelty, enough is enough 2022-12-15T05:00:00Z Mississippi revised the protocol to allow the use of midazolam if thiopental or pentobarbital cannot be obtained. Attorney: Don’t set execution amid lethal injection lawsuit 2022-10-17T04:00:00Z The state revised the protocol to allow the use of midazolam if thiopental or pentobarbital cannot be obtained. Mississippi seeks execution date in 2000 killing of teenager 2022-10-04T04:00:00Z That's when he made a connection with a pharmacist in England who could supply sodium thiopental. Death row: The secret hunt for lethal drugs used in US executions 2023-10-21T04:00:00Z In 2011 the sole U.S. manufacturer of sodium thiopental stopped producing it. ‘New Execution Method Touted as More ‘Humane,’ But Evidence Is Lacking’ 2022-09-23T04:00:00Z Oklahoma used pentobarbital and sodium thiopental in earlier executions, but have not been able to obtain the drugs because their manufacturers have prohibited their use in executions. Federal judge opens hearing on Oklahoma’s lethal injection 2022-02-28T05:00:00Z States turned to midazolam over the past decade after supplies of more powerful barbiturates such sodium thiopental disappeared or companies made them unavailable following pressure from death penalty opponents. Doctors question sedative dose used in Oklahoma execution 2021-10-29T04:00:00Z Thirteen years after its discovery, propofol rapidly replaced sodium thiopental in most operating rooms. ‘Michael Jackson drug’ still prompts curiosity from patients 2019-06-22T04:00:00Z Without a steady supply of sodium thiopental coming from the UK, the search continued for years. Death row: The secret hunt for lethal drugs used in US executions 2023-10-21T04:00:00Z Other states replaced sodium thiopental with the benzodiazepine midazolam, which is also used as a sedative before medical procedures. ‘New Execution Method Touted as More ‘Humane,’ But Evidence Is Lacking’ 2022-09-23T04:00:00Z The agency argued the importation was illegal because the drug, sodium thiopental, was not approved in the United States and was improperly labeled. Justice Department says FDA ‘lacks jurisdiction’ over death-penalty drugs 2019-05-14T04:00:00Z Policy calls for either sodium thiopental or pentobarbital. South Dakota executes inmate who killed prison guard in 2011 2018-10-29T04:00:00Z Its policy calls for either sodium thiopental or pentobarbital. South Dakota to carry out first execution since 2012 2018-10-29T04:00:00Z Agency policy dictates the drug would be either sodium thiopental or pentobarbital, both of which are barbiturates. South Dakota declines to reveal drug to be used in execution 2018-08-10T04:00:00Z Zivot and others have performed more than 200 autopsies on people killed by lethal injection using thiopental, pentobarbital or midazolam. ‘New Execution Method Touted as More ‘Humane,’ But Evidence Is Lacking’ 2022-09-23T04:00:00Z But Hospira, maker of sodium thiopental, said in 2011 that it would stop manufacturing the product, a decision the company attributed to its use in executions. Justice Department says FDA ‘lacks jurisdiction’ over death-penalty drugs 2019-05-14T04:00:00Z The history of lethal injection dates back to the mid-1970s, when the standard protocol included administering sodium thiopental, pancuronium bromide and potassium chloride. Nevada execution halted after drug company sues to stop it 2018-07-11T04:00:00Z They require executioners to use a single chemical, either pentobarbital or thiopental. California news media sue state to make public all portions of executions 2018-04-11T04:00:00Z Nebraska’s supply of sodium thiopental, part of the state’s prior execution protocol, expired in December 2013, and the state was unable to buy more due to difficulties in procuring the drug. ACLU says Nebraska misled suppliers when buying execution drugs 2018-03-12T04:00:00Z But sodium thiopental is now extremely difficult to purchase. Nebraska buys more lethal injection drugs, moves to restart executions 2017-11-09T05:00:00Z Despite the 2012 order, however, states continued to order sodium thiopental from overseas. Justice Department says FDA ‘lacks jurisdiction’ over death-penalty drugs 2019-05-14T04:00:00Z The state purchased the drug, sodium thiopental, from India, and the FDA wants it shipped back or destroyed. The death penalty has long divided Americans. Here's why those who oppose it are winning 2017-04-27T04:00:00Z Texas sued in January for the drug's release, saying in its lawsuit that it was importing the sodium thiopental for legal executions. U.S. regulators block Texas, Arizona over import of execution drug 2017-04-20T04:00:00Z Nebraska’s supply of sodium thiopental, part of the state’s prior execution protocol, expired in December 2013, and the state was unable to buy more due to difficulties in procuring the drug. ACLU says Nebraska misled suppliers when buying execution drugs 2018-03-12T04:00:00Z Sodium thiopental was then banned for export by the European Union. Nebraska buys more lethal injection drugs, moves to restart executions 2017-11-09T05:00:00Z Arizona illegally tried to import sodium thiopental from India in 2015 and found its shipment blocked by federal officials at Phoenix Sky Harbor airport. Arizona unveils new death penalty plan: bring your own lethal injection drugs 2017-02-15T05:00:00Z Last week, the Texas attorney general, Ken Paxton, sued the Food and Drug Administration over the federal government’s decision to block the state from importing the anesthetic thiopental sodium from a foreign distributor. Texas Carries Out Nation’s First Execution of 2017 2017-01-12T05:00:00Z Nebraska, South Dakota, Ohio, Arizona and Texas tried to import sodium thiopental from India between 2010 and 2015, according to court records and news media reports, but federal regulators blocked the moves. U.S. regulators block Texas, Arizona over import of execution drug 2017-04-20T04:00:00Z The plan would let corrections officials choose between four powerful barbiturates - amobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital or thiopental - for each execution, depending on which one is available. Regulators reject new California death penalty proposal 2016-12-21T05:00:00Z But sodium thiopental is now extremely difficult to purchase. Nebraska buys more lethal injection drugs, moves to restart executions 2017-11-09T05:00:00Z The lawyers also suggest an alternative single-dose lethal injection using barbiturates such as pentobarbital or sodium thiopental. Lawyers for Virginia death-row inmate sue to stop lethal injection 2016-12-14T05:00:00Z The regulations would let corrections officials choose between four types of powerful barbiturates - amobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital or thiopental - before each execution, depending on which one is available. California meets deadline to shift method of execution 2016-11-04T04:00:00Z Complicating matters, neither of those drugs — sodium thiopental and pentobarbital — is available in the United States after their manufacturers put them off-limits for executions. Ohio to Resume Death Penalty Executions with New Drug Cocktail 2016-10-03T04:00:00Z The document said the Department of Corrections also lacked the execution drugs pentobarbital and sodium thiopental. Arizona says it has run out of drugs for executions 2016-06-24T04:00:00Z Sodium thiopental was then banned for export by the European Union. Nebraska buys more lethal injection drugs, moves to restart executions 2017-11-09T05:00:00Z A federal appeals court later prohibited the F.D.A. from letting sodium thiopental from foreign suppliers into the country. The End of the Open Market for Lethal-Injection Drugs 2016-05-21T04:00:00Z Last year, Texas and Arizona tried to import sodium thiopental illegally from a dubious and obscure operation in India. Pfizer death penalty drug decision greeted by activists – but states fight on 2016-05-14T04:00:00Z Virtually all executions used the same three-drug combination: sodium thiopental, a barbiturate, to render the inmate unconscious, followed by a paralytic and a heart-stopping drug. Pfizer Blocks the Use of Its Drugs in Executions 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z As The Atlantic has reported, Reprieve undertook a similar effort in England, and sodium thiopental became exceedingly hard to obtain, even on the black market. The Catholic Movement Against Capital Punishment 2016-03-18T04:00:00Z Brooks has proposed a single drug procedure using either sodium thiopental, pentobarbital or midazolam as an alternative but has not demonstrated that the first two drugs are readily available, Watkins said in the opinion. Judge denies Alabama inmate’s request for stay of execution 2015-12-22T05:00:00Z When Hospira stopped producing sodium thiopental, one state after another ran out of the anesthetic. The End of the Open Market for Lethal-Injection Drugs 2016-05-21T04:00:00Z The corrections director agreed to buy sodium thiopental and pancuronium bromide from Chris Harris, a distributor in India who contacted him in April, as lawmakers were debating whether to abolish the death penalty. Nebraska corrections leader criticized over execution drugs 2015-11-05T05:00:00Z Last fall, shipments of sodium thiopental, ordered by Texas and Arizona from an unapproved source in India, were seized in airports by federal officials. Pfizer Blocks the Use of Its Drugs in Executions 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z Meanwhile, Arizona is battling the federal government over a seized $27,000 shipment of sodium thiopental, an execution drug banned in the US. Arizona agrees to identify its execution drugs after order from federal judge 2015-10-29T04:00:00Z The FDA stopped the nearly $27,000 shipment of sodium thiopental in July at the Phoenix airport, claiming that it is illegal to import the drug. Arizona appeals against FDA seizure of execution drug 2015-10-28T04:00:00Z The FDA stopped the nearly $27,000 shipment of sodium thiopental in July at the Phoenix airport, claiming that it’s illegal to import the drug. FDA reviews Arizona appeal over withheld execution drug 2015-10-28T04:00:00Z Texas Department of Criminal Justice spokesman Jason Clark said Monday that the state was appealing the FDA’s impounding of a shipment of sodium thiopental. FDA agrees to hear from Texas, Arizona on seized drugs 2015-10-26T04:00:00Z In 2009, technical production problems, not the efforts of death-penalty opponents, forced the only federally approved factory that made sodium thiopental to close. Pfizer Blocks the Use of Its Drugs in Executions 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z The state says it plans on contesting an FDA decision to seize a shipment of sodium thiopental, a sedative used in executions that’s not allowed in the U.S. The Latest: Arizona to add new drug cocktail for executions 2015-10-23T04:00:00Z On 13 July, the US Department of Justice wrote to the DoC and said that the state’s desire to import sodium thiopental – an anesthetic that is not approved for importation in the US – was illegal. Death penalty states illegally imported drugs for executions despite warnings 2015-10-23T04:00:00Z They show that the FDA stopped a shipment of sodium thiopental in July that cost Arizona nearly $27,000. Documents: Arizona tried to illegally import execution drug 2015-10-22T04:00:00Z In 2011, the sole manufacturer of sodium thiopental in the United States ceased manufacturing the drug. Nebraska to Vote on Abolishing Death Penalty After Petition Drive Succeeds 2015-10-16T04:00:00Z A spokesman for the Nebraska Department of Correctional Services said hundreds of vials and capsules of sodium thiopental and pancuronium bromide were ordered at a cost of more than $50,000. Death Penalty States Face Hurdles in Carrying Out Executions 2015-10-08T04:00:00Z In July 2011, the US Drug Enforcement Administration seized vials of sodium thiopental from Arkansas amid legal questions about how the state obtained them. Arkansas bought execution drugs from British company that banned state's use 2015-09-18T04:00:00Z In Belgium, you might prescribe this vulnerable, desperate person a fatal dose of sodium thiopental. Europe’s sinister expansion of euthanasia 2015-08-19T04:00:00Z Ohio is not the first state to consider foreign manufacturers for sodium thiopental. FDA warns Ohio that importing lethal injection drug would be illegal 2015-08-19T04:00:00Z Mr. Ricketts’s administration recently tried to buy $50,000 worth of sodium thiopental from a distributor in India, but the shipment was returned to the sender. Nebraska to Vote on Abolishing Death Penalty After Petition Drive Succeeds 2015-10-16T04:00:00Z As it prepares to resume executions in 2016, Ohio’s search for new drugs earned it a warning from federal authorities, after prison officials explored buying a sedative, sodium thiopental, from overseas. Death Penalty States Face Hurdles in Carrying Out Executions 2015-10-08T04:00:00Z Ohio’s current policy calls for single doses of either sodium thiopental or pentobarbital, both powerful sedatives. Lethal injection: Ohio has eyed drugs overseas despite ban on purchases 2015-07-03T04:00:00Z Louisiana’s last execution in 2010 used three chemicals, but sodium thiopental, a key anesthetic in the process, became impossible for the Corrections Department to obtain. High court ruling won’t settle Louisiana execution questions 2015-06-29T04:00:00Z The most effective barbiturates, including sodium thiopental, can no longer be obtained by prison authorities because anti-death-penalty advocates lobbied the drug’s Danish manufacturer to stop selling it for executions, Alito said. Supreme Court dissenters signal historic challenge to death penalty 2015-06-29T04:00:00Z In recent years state officials have found it impossible to obtain sodium thiopental, a barbiturate used to administer lethal injections. Nebraska to Vote on Abolishing Death Penalty After Petition Drive Succeeds 2015-10-16T04:00:00Z For years, states used barbiturates such as sodium thiopental and pentobarbital in lethal injections that would render an inmate unconscious before additional drugs were administered. Supreme Court Ruling Won't Stop Search for Execution Drugs 2015-06-29T04:00:00Z Rees, when it held that what was then the standard three-drug combination, using the barbiturate sodium thiopental as the first agent, did not violate the Eighth Amendment. Supreme Court Allows Use of Execution Drug 2015-06-29T04:00:00Z Sodium thiopental is not an approved drug in the United States. Recent editorials published in Nebraska newspapers 2015-06-22T04:00:00Z The first was sodium thiopental, which acted as an anaesthetic. Why is the US Supreme Court reviewing the lethal injection? - BBC News 2015-05-10T04:00:00Z Then, after Nebraska switched to lethal injections, the slow process of inmate appeals prevented executions for so long that the state’s supply of sodium thiopental expired and officials couldn’t restock its reserve. Conservative Nebraska looks at abolishing death penalty 2015-05-04T04:00:00Z While executions have gone awry for as long as states executed criminals, today’s problems largely stem from the shortage of sodium thiopental. Supreme Court Death Penalty Case Focuses on Lethal Injection Drug 2015-04-27T04:00:00Z Nebraska is required under state law to use a three-drug protocol for executions, but its supply of sodium thiopental - a required anesthetic - expired in December 2013. Ricketts: Nebraska judicious in use of death penalty 2015-04-17T04:00:00Z The state’s supply of the required anesthetic for lethal injections, sodium thiopental, expired in December 2013. Republican senators rally against Nebraska death penalty 2015-04-15T04:00:00Z Sodium thiopental was meant to be the anesthetic. The Supreme Court and The Death Penalty 2015-04-15T04:00:00Z Instead, the prisons department said it will use one of two drugs in future executions: pentobarbital or sodium thiopental. A look at how some states handle execution drug shortage 2015-03-11T04:00:00Z Most states were using sodium thiopental, a drug that has since disappeared from the market. Supreme Court Death Penalty Case Focuses on Lethal Injection Drug 2015-04-27T04:00:00Z Nebraska lost its only approved method to carry out executions when its supply of sodium thiopental, an anesthetic required under the department’s rules, expired in December 2013. Murder victims’ families seek end to Nebraska death penalty 2015-03-04T05:00:00Z Nebraska lost its only approved method to carry out executions when its supply of sodium thiopental, an anesthetic required under the department’s rules, expired and, so far, has not been replaced. Judge rules Omaha killer of 4 is competent for sentencing 2015-03-02T05:00:00Z There have been dozens of accounts of ghastly executions by lethal injection gone wrong, especially since 2011, when sodium thiopental became unobtainable. The Supreme Court and The Death Penalty 2015-04-15T04:00:00Z Keizer has grown increasingly at ease with injecting patients with a lethal dose of sodium thiopental and then a muscle relaxant, knowing he is bringing suffering to an end. Choosing to Die: The Netherlands' Euthanasia Debate 2015-02-12T05:00:00Z Pentobarbital, which became a go-to in some other states after sodium thiopental stores dried up, is usually used to treat anxiety, nervousness and insomnia. Supreme Court Death Penalty Case Focuses on Lethal Injection Drug 2015-04-27T04:00:00Z The state prison system wants to add a drug, thiopental sodium, previously used for lethal injections from 1999 to 2011, and pentobarbital as the two drugs permitted for lethal injections in the future. Ohio postpones all 2015 executions as it secures new drugs 2015-01-31T05:00:00Z The state formerly used pentobarbital or sodium thiopental, but manufacturers have stopped selling those drugs to states for use in lethal injections. Oklahoma executions on hold as US Supreme Court reviews drug 2015-01-28T05:00:00Z Arizona convicted Landrigan of murder and scheduled his execution, but a shortage in the United States of the barbiturate called sodium thiopental threw off that plan. The Supreme Court and The Death Penalty 2015-04-15T04:00:00Z On Monday, the state said it “continues its search for sodium thiopental and pentobarbital for use in its executions” and said it should be allowed to proceed with them if it succeeds. Justices Delay Executions of 3 on Oklahoma’s Death Row 2015-01-28T05:00:00Z Going forward, Ohio will only use the drugs thiopental sodium and pentobarbital for its executions, Gary Mohr, director of the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, informed District Judge Gregory Frost. Ohio drops controversial lethal injection drug, postpones upcoming execution 2015-01-09T05:00:00Z The new policy in Ohio means a dose of either pentobarbital or thiopental sodium, an anaesthetic, will be used. Ohio ends two-drug executions 2015-01-08T05:00:00Z The Feb. 11 execution of Phillips, and possibly others, will be delayed while the state secures a supply of pentobarbital and thiopental sodium, Smith said in the news release. Ohio to change execution drugs after inmate's prolonged death 2015-01-08T05:00:00Z The state will continue to search for supplies of the barbiturates of choice, pentobarbital or sodium thiopental, Mr. Ryan said. After Botched Execution, Oklahoma Is to Resume Lethal Injections 2014-12-22T05:00:00Z Instead, it will try to obtain pentobarbital or Sodium Pentothal, the powerful sedative also known as sodium thiopental that was used in lethal injections in Arizona until it became difficult to obtain. Arizona to change drugs it uses in executions 2014-12-22T05:00:00Z The first involves sodium thiopental – the supply of which dried up many months ago after its sole US producer, Hospira, stopped making it. Oklahoma delays executions again despite unveiling new death chamber 2014-10-13T04:00:00Z States also have faced a shortage of one of the drugs, sodium thiopental, after a European-led boycott of drug sales for executions. News briefs from around Tennessee at 1:58 a.m. EDT 2014-09-18T04:00:00Z Under pressure from European governments, drug manufacturer Hospira has cut off supplies of sodium thiopental, which had been used as a sedative in a three-drug cocktail for U.S. executions. Lawsuit seeks source of drugs to be used in Pennsylvania execution 2014-09-11T04:00:00Z The last U.S. manufacturer of sodium thiopental stopped making the drug after planning to resume doing so in Italy and facing pressure from government authorities there. Can the Death Penalty Survive Lethal Injection? 2014-08-07T04:00:00Z The U.S. lethal injection process underwent a fundamental change in 2011, when drug company Hospira stopped making short-acting barbiturate and general anesthetic sodium thiopental, due to concerns about its widespread use in executions. Troubled U.S. executions raise questions about doctors in death chamber 2014-07-25T04:00:00Z In 2010, the sole US manufacturer of sodium thiopental, a sedative used in lethal injections, stopped producing it. US court allows Arizona execution 2014-07-22T04:00:00Z Previously, sodium thiopental was used, but its US manufacturer stopped making it and Europe has banned its manufacturers from exporting it for executions. Florida to execute man convicted of 1994 rape and murder of child 2014-07-10T04:00:00Z He said Indiana State Prison Superintendent Bill Wilson selected Brevital as a replacement for sodium thiopental after consulting with “with pharmacists, other states and other experts.” Indiana use of new execution drug draws opposition 2014-05-30T04:00:00Z State directives require the use of sodium thiopental, which induces unconsciousness; pancuronium bromide, which causes muscle paralysis and respiratory arrest; and potassium chloride, which stops the heart. Connecticut at crossroads without execution drugs 2014-05-25T04:00:00Z Brevital is in the same class of drugs as thiopental sodium. Spokesman: Indiana has new lethal injection drug 2014-05-18T04:00:00Z In the same year, the EU restricted the distribution of sodium thiopental to nations that practise capital punishment. US court allows Arizona execution 2014-07-22T04:00:00Z The state’s death-penalty protocol calls for use of the same drug used in the botched Oklahoma execution: sodium thiopental. Editorial: Reminders in Texas, Okla. to end the death penalty 2014-05-15T04:00:00Z Indiana officials are standing by their decision to switch to Brevital because of a shortage of sodium thiopental. Indiana use of new execution drug draws opposition 2014-05-30T04:00:00Z It wasn’t absolutely necessary except for one drug, the thiopental, administered in a massive overdose. The 'father of lethal injection' says the method is still humane if done properly 2014-05-15T04:00:00Z Sodium thiopental induces unconsciousness; pancuronium bromide causes muscle paralysis and respiratory arrest, and potassium chloride stops the heart. Report urges end to drug mixtures in executions 2014-05-07T04:00:00Z The report said most states use a combination of three drugs for lethal injections: sodium thiopental as an anesthetic, pancuronium bromide as a muscle relaxer and potassium chloride to stop the heart. U.S. group urges states to use only legal drugs for executions 2014-05-07T16:34:23Z The state had run out of its stockpile of sodium thiopental, a once common general anesthetic and one of the key drugs in the executioner's lethal brew. Let’s Stop Pretending the Death Penalty Is a Medical Procedure [Editorial] 2014-05-05T12:00:00Z The National Institutes of Health website describes Brevital as a rapid, ultrashort-acting barbiturate anesthetic that is at least twice as potent on a weight basis as thiopental and lasts only about half as long. Indiana use of new execution drug draws opposition 2014-05-30T04:00:00Z Within days, he recommended a three-drug combination – the sedative sodium thiopental, pancuronium bromide as a paralytic agent, and potassium chloride to stop the heart – that became standard throughout the U.S. The 'father of lethal injection' says the method is still humane if done properly 2014-05-15T04:00:00Z Sodium thiopental is a fast-acting barbiturate previously used as part of a three-drug mix to reduce unnecessary pain and suffering in execution. Report urges end to drug mixtures in executions 2014-05-07T04:00:00Z The state had run out of its stockpile of sodium thiopental, a once common general anesthetic and one of the key drugs in the executioner’s lethal brew. America’s dangerous execution addiction: How capital punishment puts everyone in harm’s way 2014-05-01T13:25:00Z The sole U.S. company providing sodium thiopental announced in 2011 that it would stop selling the powerful anesthetic, citing objections from Italy, where the drug had been manufactured. For more states, execution means improvisation as drug supplies dwindle 2014-05-01T00:37:00Z Garrison said sodium thiopental and Brevital have similar properties and both cause “deep unconsciousness.” Indiana use of new execution drug draws opposition 2014-05-30T04:00:00Z The lethal injection process in the United States underwent a fundamental change in 2011, when drug company Hospira stopped making sodium thiopental, due to concerns about its widespread use in executions. Botched Oklahoma execution comes as alternatives emerge from shadows 2014-04-30T23:50:51Z But in 2011, Hospira, the sole manufacturer of a key lethal injection drug, sodium thiopental, announced that it would exit the market. Botched Okla. execution raises alarms about death penalty 2014-04-30T15:47:00Z Until 2010 most used three drugs: sodium thiopental to induce unconsciousness, pancuronium bromide to stop breathing and potassium chloride to stop the heart. Capital punishment: The slow death of the death penalty 2014-04-24T15:01:05Z The combination typically included an anesthetic such as sodium thiopental or pentobarbital, a paralyzing agent such as pancuronium bromide and a drug such as potassium chloride to stop the heart. For more states, execution means improvisation as drug supplies dwindle 2014-05-01T00:37:00Z Other states replaced thiopental with pentobarbital, which eventually became the new norm. Op-Ed Contributors: Secret Drugs, Agonizing Deaths 2014-04-13T23:43:32Z Since 2010, states have had difficulty obtaining the drugs most often used in the standard three-drug lethal injection cocktail, notably sodium thiopental, because its sole U.S. maker stopped producing the drug. The Ghost of Executions Past 2014-01-22T12:35:24Z But in recent years, European manufacturers of previously used drugs like pentobarbital and sodium thiopental, in response to pressure from groups opposed to the death penalty, have blocked their sale for use in executions. After a Prolonged Execution, Questions Over ‘Cruel and Unusual’ 2014-01-18T02:26:17Z In January 2011, however, the sole American producer of sodium thiopental ceased production, fearing a regulatory backlash in Europe if its drug was used to kill people. Capital punishment: The slow death of the death penalty 2014-04-24T15:01:05Z Ohio is just the first of many states that will experiment with different drugs to replace sodium thiopental, which has been widely used in lethal injections nationally for years. Ohio Convict Executed By Unprecedented Method 2014-01-16T17:05:26Z But pentobarbital is considered a controversial substitute for sodium thiopental because its manufacture is often poorly regulated, and contaminated batches can cause exruciating pain prior to death. 'Burning' Inmate Executed Using Controversial Drug 2014-01-10T20:35:24Z States employed similar three-drug lethal injection formulas for decades, until the US company that made one key ingredient, sodium thiopental, stopped supplying it. America's 'completely broken' execution system 2013-11-15T01:13:16Z Pentobarbital was introduced as an alternative to sodium thiopental, a barbiturate used alone or in combination with two other drugs for executions—and not for much else. Drugs and the death penalty: Cruel and unusable 2013-10-31T15:59:22Z Michael Wilson complained “I feel my whole body burning” as he was executed in Oklahoma last January with a drug cocktail featuring pentobarbital rather than sodium thiopental. Capital punishment: The slow death of the death penalty 2014-04-24T15:01:05Z Hospira started the scramble for alternative drugs in 2011 when it halted production of the only source in the U.S. of sodium thiopental, then widely used in executions. Ohio to use execution drugs combination never tried in U.S 2013-10-28T21:31:35Z Since 2011, a popular sedative called sodium thiopental has been unavailable in the United States. Bid to Use Common Anesthetic for Executions Threatens U.S. Patients 2013-10-23T15:45:02.427Z Earlier this year, Colorado officials turned to compounding pharmacies to seek out sodium thiopental, a common execution drug until major drug companies two years ago refused to supply it. Execution drugs mixed by U.S. pharmacies draw challenges from death row 2013-10-13T11:02:15Z Sodium thiopental is part of a group of drugs called barbiturates, drugs widely used in the 1950s and 60s to help people sleep better. Can a drug make you tell the truth? 2013-10-03T00:13:39Z In April 2011, Tennessee was among the states that turned over its supplies of sodium thiopental to authorities after concerns arose about how the supply of the drug was imported. Tennessee moves to single-drug executions despite pentobarbital shortage 2013-09-28T01:09:58Z Before 2011, several states used the anesthetic sodium thiopental as part of their lethal injections. Ohio to use last of lethal drug supply for execution Wednesday 2013-09-24T21:30:53Z The manufacturer, US company Hospira, abandoned plans to produce the drug at its plant in Italy after regulators in the country required that the thiopental never be used in executions. Bid to Use Common Anesthetic for Executions Threatens U.S. Patients 2013-10-23T15:45:02.427Z But a shortage of pancuronium bromide a few years ago led some states to switch to a single-drug method, often simply administering enough sodium thiopental to cause death. Death Row Improvises, Lacking Lethal Mix 2013-08-18T23:26:32Z One of the oldest and best known of these truth drugs is sodium thiopental. Can a drug make you tell the truth? 2013-10-03T00:13:39Z That move came after the company that produced sodium thiopental had bowed to European Union pressure to stop making the drug, creating a shortage. Tennessee moves to single-drug executions despite pentobarbital shortage 2013-09-28T01:09:58Z The obstacles to getting sodium thiopental pushed states to rely even further on pentobarbital – but now it appears that states like Texas will once again have to find another drug to take its place. Executioners' Deadly Drugs in Short Supply 2013-08-07T11:05:25Z The procedure previously relied on a course of three injections: thiopental to sedate the prisoner, muscle relaxant pancuronium bromide to induce paralysis, and potassium chloride to stop the heart. Bid to Use Common Anesthetic for Executions Threatens U.S. Patients 2013-10-23T15:45:02.427Z The state was forced to change to the single-dose sedative when supplies of sodium thiopental, one of three drugs used previously, were cut off. Texas 'running out of death drug' 2013-08-02T04:11:16Z The Illinois-based pharmaceutical company Hospira Inc said in 2011 it would stop making thiopental after the government of Italy, where it planned to move production of the drug, raised objections, citing its use in executions. Texas is running out of execution drug pentobarbital 2013-08-02T00:03:10Z The sodium thiopental shortage forced U.S. states to switch to pentobarbital. Tennessee moves to single-drug executions despite pentobarbital shortage 2013-09-28T01:09:58Z Since at least 2010 the Justice Department has been reviewing its execution protocols, thanks to a nationwide shortage of the lethal injection drug sodium thiopental. Will the Boston Bomber Get the Death Penalty? 2013-04-25T10:50:22Z The inmates argue that the FDA acted improperly in 2010 when it allowed some state prison systems to import foreign-made sodium thiopental for use in executing prisoners. Appeals court to hear arguments against lethal-injection drug 2013-03-25T00:10:13Z Before Wednesday's execution, the three drugs used for court-ordered executions in Texas were: thiopental sodium, to sedate the prisoner; pancuronium bromide to paralyse them; and potassium chloride to stop the heart. Texas debuts one-drug execution 2012-07-19T01:38:20Z Texas switched to pentobarbital, a barbiturate that is the drug of choice for physician-assisted suicide in Europe, when supplies of sodium thiopental, previously used by the state in its three-drug execution mix, were cut off. Texas is running out of execution drug pentobarbital 2013-08-02T00:03:10Z Prison officials across the nation are grappling with a shortage of an anesthetic called sodium thiopental that is one of three drugs used in a lethal injection. Arkansas Justices Strike Down Death Penalty 2012-06-23T00:23:33Z That problem arose in Arkansas, where the supply of sodium thiopental, an anesthetic used to put the condemned to sleep, was cut off when the U.S. supplier stopped making it. Arkansas high court blocks use of death penalty 2012-06-22T20:14:13Z In the three-drug protocol long employed by many states, sodium thiopental induces general anesthesia. Appeals court to hear arguments against lethal-injection drug 2013-03-25T00:10:13Z Several states introduced the use of pentobarbital in the face of shortages of thiopental sodium, which was pulled off the market in 2010. Texas debuts one-drug execution 2012-07-19T01:38:20Z The last US manufacturer of sodium thiopental ceased production in 2009. US court battle over lethal drugs 2012-06-01T04:47:53Z The only sources of sodium thiopental are outside the United States after Hospira Inc, the sole U.S. producer, stopped making it last year. U.S. states urge return of drug used in executions 2012-05-21T23:01:02Z Bruning filed a paper trail with the state Supreme Court regarding the Nebraska Department of Correctional Services' importation of the sodium thiopental. Nebraska obtained execution drug legally, state official says 2012-01-09T23:10:32Z A domestic manufacturer stopped producing sodium thiopental in 2009, prompting states, including Idaho, Kentucky, Missouri and Texas, to switch to a different drug protocol. Appeals court to hear arguments against lethal-injection drug 2013-03-25T00:10:13Z Nebraska’s $5,411 purchase of sodium thiopental marked the second time it has gone to India to obtain the drug. Nebraska attorney general disputes allegations that state got lethal injection drug illegally 2012-01-09T18:52:41Z Richard Dieter, executive director of the US based Death Penalty Information Center, agrees that the legal confusion over the status of sodium thiopental is having some effect on executions. US court battle over lethal drugs 2012-06-01T04:47:53Z District Judge Richard Leon in Washington, the FDA in April asked states with foreign-made sodium thiopental to turn the drug over. U.S. states urge return of drug used in executions 2012-05-21T23:01:02Z According to information obtained by the Süddeutsche Zeitung, the export of sodium thiopental will only be possible by special permission, beginning Friday, posing a major problem for the US justice system. Sale of Lethal Injection Drug Sodium Thiopental to Be Restricted in Europe 2011-12-15T10:20:00Z Regardless, state officials sought a new supply of sodium thiopental. Swiss pharmaceutical company wants Nebraska to return drug to be used in lethal injection 2011-11-30T00:31:20Z In January 2011, the Correctional Services Department announced it had obtained 500 grams of sodium thiopental from an Indian company, clearing the way for Nebraska’s first execution by lethal injection. Nebraska attorney general disputes allegations that state got lethal injection drug illegally 2012-01-09T18:52:41Z Sodium thiopental is used in many states to anaesthetise prisoners before the administration of other chemicals that extinguish life. US court battle over lethal drugs 2012-06-01T04:47:53Z Mason also was the fifth person executed in Alabama this year and the third to die since the state changed the first drug used in its execution cocktail from sodium thiopental to pentobarbital. Continuing busy execution week in US, Ala. puts killer to death for store clerk?s ?94 slaying 2011-09-23T00:54:41Z One of them is the easy-to-use and fast-working anesthetic sodium thiopental, which is used to execute criminals in the states of Ohio and Washington. Sale of Lethal Injection Drug Sodium Thiopental to Be Restricted in Europe 2011-12-15T10:20:00Z Valle's execution would be the first in Florida since the state, following the lead of several others, replaced sodium thiopental with pentobarbital in its lethal injection cocktail. Florida court rejects drug argument, clears way for execution 2011-08-23T19:06:02Z The Nebraska Department of Correctional Services announced in November that it had obtained sodium thiopental, one of three drugs needed to carry out executions by lethal injection, from Swiss company Naari AG. Nebraska attorney general disputes allegations that state got lethal injection drug illegally 2012-01-09T18:52:41Z Virginia replaced the sedative sodium thiopental with pentobarbital in the three-drug cocktail after a nationwide shortage of the drug, like other states. Virginia uses 3-drug cocktail to execute man who raped, killed an 88-year-old widow in 2001 2011-08-19T01:30:56Z The change follows a nationwide shortage of sodium thiopental. Continuing busy execution week in US, Ala. puts killer to death for store clerk?s ?94 slaying 2011-09-23T00:54:41Z In 33 other states, sodium thiopental is a key ingredient in other toxic cocktails used to kill inmates. Sale of Lethal Injection Drug Sodium Thiopental to Be Restricted in Europe 2011-12-15T10:20:00Z Virginia, like multiple other states, switched to using pentobarbital instead of sodium thiopental in its lethal injection regime after the sole U.S. supplier of sodium thiopental ceased production. Virginia due to execute man who raped, killed elderly woman 2011-08-17T20:49:01Z Supplies of sodium thiopental dried up after the drug’s only U.S. manufacturer stopped production. Man convicted of ax slaying scheduled to become 1st inmate executed in Delaware since 2005 2011-07-29T03:04:41Z His execution would be the first since Florida, following the lead of multiple states, replaced sodium thiopental with pentobarbital in its lethal injection cocktail. Florida execution stayed to allow hearing on drug concerns 2011-07-26T00:48:33Z The state turned over the last of its supply of sodium thiopental from Dream Pharma on July 5, according to court documents filed Thursday by Arkansas Attorney General Dustin McDaniel. APNewsBreak: Ark. turns over execution drug to feds amid legal questions over how it got it 2011-07-22T04:12:39Z After changing jobs, he introduced to the Commission a bill to create a regulation valid Europe-wide that would effectively prevent the export of thiopental to the US. Sale of Lethal Injection Drug Sodium Thiopental to Be Restricted in Europe 2011-12-15T10:20:00Z The sole U.S. manufacturer of sodium thiopental stopped making it in 2009, resulting in a national shortage of the drug, and dropped plans to resume production earlier this year. APNewsBreak: Ark. turns over execution drug to feds amid legal questions over how it got it 2011-07-22T00:56:19Z States began using pentobarbital as a substitute for the anesthetic sodium thiopental when its only American producer, Hospira Inc. of Lake Forest, Ill., announced in January that it would stop selling the drug. Danish Company Blocks Sale of Drug for U.S. Executions 2011-07-01T12:19:18Z It started to become a drug of choice for U.S. executions after Hospira last year halted production of sodium thiopental. Lundbeck won't pull drug used in U.S. executions 2011-06-29T16:41:42Z It was the state's first execution using a new sedative, pentobarbital, in place of sodium thiopental. Georgia executes man for 1978 rape and murder 2011-06-24T01:11:13Z Several states have either run out of supplies of sodium thiopental or switched to pentobarbital, a barbiturate often used to euthanize animals. Georgia set to execute man for 1978 rape and murder 2011-06-23T14:14:41Z He showed journalists the simple metal frame from which he suspended vials of drugs — thiopental, a sedative, and potassium chloride, which paralyzed the heart — that allowed patients to end their own lives. Dr. Jack Kevorkian Dies at 83; Backed Assisted Suicide 2011-06-03T14:18:19Z Nebraska prison officials had purchased that drug, sodium thiopental, from a company in Mumbai after being unable to find a domestic supplier. Injection drug issue puts Nebraska execution on hold 2011-05-27T01:48:58Z Defense attorneys objected to the last-minute substitution of the sedative pentobarbital in place of the widely used sodium thiopental in the three-drug cocktail used in the execution, the court said. Arizona Supreme Court stays execution 2011-05-25T15:06:57Z Drug Enforcement Administration seized Georgia's supply of sodium thiopental, which attorneys for several death row inmates said Georgia had improperly imported from England. Georgia executes man for 1978 rape and murder 2011-06-24T01:11:13Z It will be the state's first execution using a new sedative, pentobarbital, in place of sodium thiopental. Georgia set to execute man for 1978 rape and murder 2011-06-23T14:14:41Z He was executed using the drug pentobarbital, a sedative often used to euthanize animals, because of a nationwide shortage of sodium thiopental. Mississippi executes man for 1994 murder 2011-05-18T00:02:10Z Ltd., is not approved or regulated by the U.S. government, thus the sodium thiopental could be faulty and lead to a botched execution. Injection drug issue puts Nebraska execution on hold 2011-05-27T01:48:58Z He was executed with the drug pentobarbital, a sedative often used to euthanize animals, because of a nationwide shortage of sodium thiopental. Mississippi executes man for murder of four people 2011-05-11T01:01:54Z In several states, pentobarbital has replaced sodium thiopental, a drug that has become scarce in the United States, for lethal injection executions. South Carolina executes man who strangled prison inmate 2011-05-06T23:42:12Z Drug Enforcement Agency seized Georgia's supply of sodium thiopental, which attorneys for several death row inmates said Georgia had improperly imported from England. Georgia set to execute man for 1978 rape and murder 2011-06-23T14:14:41Z Pentobarbital will replace sodium thiopental in the three-drug execution protocol, he said. South Carolina set to execute man using new drug 2011-05-06T16:32:57Z Prosecutors plan to contend the Douglas County District does not have jurisdiction on the sodium thiopental question. Injection drug issue puts Nebraska execution on hold 2011-05-27T01:48:58Z The new drug, pentobarbital, replaced sodium thiopental in Texas' three-drug execution protocol. Texas executes first inmate using drug used on animals 2011-05-04T00:03:51Z "FDA's decisions not to refuse admission to imports of thiopental are 'committed to agency discretion by law,' and therefore are not subject to judicial review," the Justice Department said in its 48-page brief. U.S. wants lawsuit over execution drug dismissed 2011-04-20T22:36:37Z That is why we introduced a control on sodium thiopental last year - the first of its kind in the world. Britain to ban export to U.S. of execution drugs 2011-04-15T15:21:03Z Because of a shortage of sodium thiopental, South Carolina had been buying pentobarbital from Britain, Barkley said. South Carolina set to execute man using new drug 2011-05-06T16:32:57Z In November, Britain blocked exports of sodium thiopental for use in executions after a legal challenge by a human rights group. | EUROPE: Britain Blocks Export of Lethal Injection Drugs to U.S. 2011-04-15T01:52:42Z The change was necessary because Hospira Inc. of Illinois announced in January it would stop making the sodium thiopental after Italy objected to Hospira manufacturing an execution drug in that country. Texas executes first inmate using drug used on animals 2011-05-04T00:03:51Z Food and Drug Administration's decision that allowed states to import the drug sodium thiopental, arguing it was illegal because the imported versions were not approved by the FDA. U.S. wants lawsuit over execution drug dismissed 2011-04-20T22:36:37Z States had to find a new source, but importation of sodium thiopental is highly restricted under federal law. Legal Questions as States Seek Death Penalty Drug 2011-04-13T14:39:42Z Ohio started using pentobarbital due to a shortage of sodium thiopental. Ohio jailhouse killer to be executed Tuesday morning 2011-04-12T12:42:46Z These challenges have been prompted by a shortage of one of the drugs, sodium thiopental, an anesthetic. What?s in a Lethal Injection ?Cocktail?? 2011-04-09T16:06:45Z Kayem Pharmaceutical posted a statement on its Web site on Thursday, citing its Hindu beliefs in the decision to stop selling the drug, sodium thiopental. | Criminal Justice: Another Source of Execution Drug Stops Sales 2011-04-08T03:35:43Z Sodium thiopental is a sedative and the first in a sequence of three drugs administered in lethal injections to paralyze breathing and stop the heart. U.S. wants lawsuit over execution drug dismissed 2011-04-20T22:36:37Z In depositions from Arkansas officials, Wendy Kelley, a deputy director of the Department of Correction, said she obtained sodium thiopental from a company in England after hearing about it from corrections officers in Georgia. Legal Questions as States Seek Death Penalty Drug 2011-04-13T14:39:42Z In September Arizona shared several grams of sodium thiopental with officials in California, who took delivery only hours before their own stock expired. Lethal injections: Toxic assets 2011-04-07T10:58:14Z The American manufacturer of sodium thiopental, Hospira, recently announced that it would no longer produce the drug, and manufacturers in Europe do not want to supply the drug if it will be used in executions. What?s in a Lethal Injection ?Cocktail?? 2011-04-09T16:06:45Z Sodium thiopental is in short supply in the United States after an Illinois company bowed to European Union pressure and stopped making it. Mississippi switches to new drug for executions 2011-04-05T20:32:58Z Cook lost an attempt to block his execution by lethal injection on Friday when a U.S. appeals court ruled authorities could use a controversial drug, sodium thiopental, as part of a lethal cocktail. Supreme Court temporarily blocks Arizona execution 2011-04-05T01:19:28Z Georgia prison officials were clearly growing antsy last summer as their supply of thiopental neared expiration and a shipment from England lay stalled for weeks in Memphis. Legal Questions as States Seek Death Penalty Drug 2011-04-13T14:39:42Z America’s dependence on such imports stems from a shortage of sodium thiopental, part of the three-drug cocktail used in most executions. Lethal injections: Toxic assets 2011-04-07T10:58:14Z In Texas, which carries out more executions than any other state, the controversy is focused on the proposed switch from sodium thiopental to pentobarbital in a three-drug cocktail. What?s in a Lethal Injection ?Cocktail?? 2011-04-09T16:06:45Z The change was necessary because Hospira Inc. of Illinois announced in January that it would stop making the sodium thiopental after Italy objected to Hospira manufacturing an execution drug in that country. Texas inmate seeks last minute execution delay, citing drug 2011-04-05T00:16:06Z The only American manufacturer of sodium thiopental announced in January that it would no longer produce the drug. Death Row Inmate Seeks Reprieve Over Drug Method 2011-04-04T16:39:31Z The three-drug protocol widely used to bring death for a quarter-century involves sodium thiopental or a similar sedative, pentobarbitol, to render the prisoner unconscious. Legal Questions as States Seek Death Penalty Drug 2011-04-13T14:39:42Z Production of the drug, sodium thiopental, a sedative widely used in lethal injections, was discontinued in January after a shortage that lasted months, leaving many states scrambling to find alternative supplies. 2 More States Turn Over a Drug Used in Executions 2011-04-02T02:25:08Z But sodium thiopental has been commonly used as an anesthetic in hospitals. What?s in a Lethal Injection ?Cocktail?? 2011-04-09T16:06:45Z The new drug pentobarbital will replace sodium thiopental in Texas' three-drug execution protocol. Texas inmate seeks last minute execution delay, citing drug 2011-04-05T00:16:06Z The U.S. government has taken control of supplies of sodium thiopental from three states -- Georgia, Tennessee and Kentucky -- as it investigates whether proper procedures were used in importing the drug. Appeals court clears way for Arizona execution 2011-04-02T00:27:13Z Sodium thiopental, a drug which has commonly been used in executions, is in short supply in the U.S. after a U.S. company bowed to European Union pressure and stopped making it. Two more U.S. states turn over executions drug in probe 2011-04-01T23:57:50Z American plants stopped making sodium thiopental — one of three drugs used in lethal injections — in 2009. 2 More States Turn Over a Drug Used in Executions 2011-04-02T02:25:08Z Sodium thiopental is used in hospitals because it “has a relatively fast onset and it doesn’t last long,” Dr. Warner said. What?s in a Lethal Injection ?Cocktail?? 2011-04-09T16:06:45Z "Specifically, the department is looking to amend its protocol, as the state of Oklahoma did, to utilize pentobarbital in the place of sodium thiopental," Brian Corbett told Reuters. Alabama man due to be executed for 1986 double murder 2011-03-31T11:58:53Z Circuit Court of Appeals said Daniel Wayne Cook failed to show he is likely to face "needless suffering" when given sodium thiopental. Appeals court clears way for Arizona execution 2011-04-02T00:27:13Z U.S. authorities seized Georgia's supplies of sodium thiopental in March due to concerns about how the drug was imported, and Georgia's executions are on hold. Two more U.S. states turn over executions drug in probe 2011-04-01T23:57:50Z Some states plan to use it as an anesthetic in lieu of sodium thiopental. Letter from Europe: Drug Company in Cross Hairs of Death Penalty Opponents 2011-03-30T12:00:50Z Some say thiopental can wear off too quickly, allowing inmates to feel pain. What?s in a Lethal Injection ?Cocktail?? 2011-04-09T16:06:45Z King's execution was caught up in a simmering nationwide legal debate over suitable alternatives for dwindling U.S. supplies of sodium thiopental, a key ingredient in a widely used three-drug lethal injection "cocktail." Arizona executes condemned killer by lethal injection 2011-03-29T21:14:08Z Sodium thiopental -- one of three widely used to execute U.S. death row inmates -- has come under fire nationwide as supplies of the drug dwindle. Appeals court clears way for Arizona execution 2011-04-02T00:27:13Z Sodium thiopental is one of three drugs Tennessee uses for executions. Two more U.S. states turn over executions drug in probe 2011-04-01T23:57:50Z Now that obtaining sodium thiopental is becoming more difficult, death penalty states are switching to pentobarbital, the drug manufactured by Lundbeck. Letter from Europe: Drug Company in Cross Hairs of Death Penalty Opponents 2011-03-30T12:00:50Z They argued that the Arizona Department of Corrections violated state law when it imported its supply of pancuronium bromide and sodium thiopental, which it had described in import documents as being for animal use. Arizona set to execute convicted killer 2011-03-29T12:02:30Z King's lawyers had sought a stay of his execution pending an investigation into how Arizona acquired its supplies of sodium thiopental and a second drug in its lethal injection series, pancuronium bromide. Arizona executes condemned killer by lethal injection 2011-03-29T21:14:08Z Hospira Inc, the only U.S. manufacturer of sodium thiopental, in January said it would stop making the drug. Appeals court clears way for Arizona execution 2011-04-02T00:27:13Z The state received 50 vials of sodium thiopental in July, Bentivoglio said, citing public records. Two more U.S. states turn over executions drug in probe 2011-04-01T23:57:50Z From another room, the executioners first release sodium thiopental, a general anesthesia, into the tubes. Letter from Europe: Drug Company in Cross Hairs of Death Penalty Opponents 2011-03-30T12:00:50Z Beaty’s defense attorneys filed their opposition late Wednesday, arguing the sedative sodium thiopental was illegally obtained and unregulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Arizona death-row inmate arguing against execution warrant over drug concerns, litigation 2011-03-17T22:59:47Z In Texas on Tuesday, lawyers for two death row inmates filed a lawsuit challenging a decision by that state to switch from using sodium thiopental to pentobarbital, which is often used to euthanize animals. Arizona executes condemned killer by lethal injection 2011-03-29T21:14:08Z "We have no medical or scientific basis for concluding that open eyes reflect a problem with the sodium thiopental or indicate the presence of severe pain," the court wrote. Appeals court clears way for Arizona execution 2011-04-02T00:27:13Z The moves in both states continue the fallout from the January announcement that Hospira Inc., the only American producer of sodium thiopental, had stopped making the anesthetic. Executions in Doubt in Fallout Over Drug 2011-03-17T03:05:51Z Reprieve filed a lawsuit to ban the exportation of thiopental for use in executions. Letter from Europe: Drug Company in Cross Hairs of Death Penalty Opponents 2011-03-30T12:00:50Z The attorneys also noted that in Georgia, the Drug Enforcement Administration seized the state’s entire supply of sodium thiopental over questions about how it was imported into the U.S. Arizona death-row inmate arguing against execution warrant over drug concerns, litigation 2011-03-17T22:59:47Z Federal Drug Enforcement Administration agents seized Georgia’s supply of sodium thiopental on Tuesday, but Arizona officials said Wednesday they hadn’t been contacted by the agency. Arizona officials say there is ample supply of sedative to use during upcoming executions 2011-03-16T23:55:39Z The new drug, pentobarbital, will replace sodium thiopental in the Texas execution protocol. For executions, Texas switches to drug used on animals 2011-03-16T17:40:25Z In most state lethal injection protocols, sodium thiopental is first used to anesthetize the inmate, and then other drugs are administered to paralyze the body and stop the heart. Executions in Doubt in Fallout Over Drug 2011-03-17T03:05:51Z The Texas supply of sodium thiopental expires at the end of this month and an execution is set for early April. Shortage forces change of execution drug used in Texas, nation?s busiest death penalty state 2011-03-16T14:37:15Z “If Beaty is not properly anaesthetized by the sodium thiopental before being given the second and third drugs, he will suffocate and experience excruciating pain,” according to the filing. Arizona death-row inmate arguing against execution warrant over drug concerns, litigation 2011-03-17T22:59:47Z Texas announced it had abandoned use of sodium thiopental because of supply concerns and would use another drug instead. Arizona officials say there is ample supply of sedative to use during upcoming executions 2011-03-16T23:55:39Z In that three-drug protocol, the sedative sodium thiopental -- now, pentobarbital -- is followed by lethal doses of drugs that relax muscles and stop the heart. For executions, Texas switches to drug used on animals 2011-03-16T17:40:25Z In Texas, the Department of Criminal Justice announced that it would replace sodium thiopental in its three-drug process with pentobarbital, another sedative. Executions in Doubt in Fallout Over Drug 2011-03-17T03:05:51Z Texas Department of Criminal Justice officials said they plan to substitute pentobarbital for sodium thiopental in the three-drug cocktail used for lethal injections. Shortage forces change of execution drug used in Texas, nation?s busiest death penalty state 2011-03-16T14:37:15Z Drug Enforcement Administration spokesman Chuvalo Truesdell wouldn’t say exactly why Georgia’s supply of sodium thiopental was taken Tuesday, just that “we had questions about how the drug was imported to the U.S.” Ga. executions off after DEA seizes lethal injection drug; questions how imported from England 2011-03-16T07:14:06Z Circuit Court of Appeals declined to stop Cook’s execution, turning aside his arguments that the state’s supply of sodium thiopental was possibly ineffective and could cause him pain. Arizona officials say there is ample supply of sedative to use during upcoming executions 2011-03-16T23:55:39Z In January, states wrote Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. asking for help obtaining sodium thiopental. | Washington: Substitutes Sought for Deadly Drug 2011-03-11T03:20:36Z The state’s supply of sodium thiopental expires this month. Executions in Doubt in Fallout Over Drug 2011-03-17T03:05:51Z After the sodium thiopental shortages began, several states, including California and Arizona, obtained supplies from a manufacturer in Britain. Ohio executes inmate using single drug 2011-03-10T16:17:00Z Sodium thiopental typically has a shelf life of four years, meaning even the state’s newest supply would expire in May of this year, the lawsuit claims. Ga. executions off after DEA seizes lethal injection drug; questions how imported from England 2011-03-16T07:14:06Z Lethal injection executions in Ohio have previously used sodium thiopental. Ohio execution to use animal euthanasia drug 2011-03-10T13:05:19Z Ohio switched to pentobarbital after sodium thiopental production was discontinued. | Washington: Substitutes Sought for Deadly Drug 2011-03-11T03:20:36Z Adams' execution used the drug sodium thiopental, a sedative in short supply. Texas executes man who killed his young son 2011-02-23T01:57:28Z Shortages of sodium thiopental began after Hospira stopped making it in August 2009 because of problems obtaining one of the main ingredients, prompting doctors to turn to alternatives and some states to delay executions. Ohio executes inmate using single drug 2011-03-10T16:17:00Z Truesdell, the DEA spokesman, said he was not certain if other states’ supplies of sodium thiopental were also being collected by the agency. Ga. executions off after DEA seizes lethal injection drug; questions how imported from England 2011-03-16T07:14:06Z Sodium thiopental has been in short supply nationally after the only U.S. company that manufactured the drug halted production because it does not want it to be used in executions. Federal judge refuses stay of Georgia execution 2011-02-16T13:58:35Z Texas' supply of sodium thiopental, a sedative in short supply used in the execution of Hall, expires in March. Texas executes man for murder of mentally-disabled woman 2011-02-16T01:59:09Z According to one pharmaceutical expert, allowing sodium thiopental to drop below freezing in storage or transit might result in it becoming "denatured and not fit for purpose". Executed man's mother urges ban on exports profiting from death penalty 2011-02-13T23:59:00Z Last year, Oklahoma became the first state to switch to another method, replacing sodium thiopental with pentobarbital in its three-drug combination. Ohio executes inmate using single drug 2011-03-10T16:17:00Z Last month, U.S. specialty medicines maker Hospira Inc said it was halting its production of sodium thiopental as it did not want it to be used in executions. Novartis moves to stop execution drug reaching U.S. 2011-02-10T18:21:29Z The execution used sodium thiopental, a drug no longer made by Hospira, Inc., the only U.S. company that manufactured the drug. Missouri executes man for rape and murder of girl 2011-02-09T11:03:55Z Link was executed with an injection of sodium thiopental, a drug formerly made by Hospira, Inc., the only U.S. company that manufactured the drug. Missouri executes man for rape and murder of girl 2011-02-09T06:59:19Z Last summer, American manufacturers ran out of sodium thiopental. Executed man's mother urges ban on exports profiting from death penalty 2011-02-13T23:59:00Z The state will use the drug sodium thiopental in the execution, a drug that is no longer made by its sole U.S. manufacturer. Missouri governor refuses clemency in Martin Link execution case 2011-02-08T17:03:59Z Lawyers in Washington sued the Food and Drug Administration on Wednesday on behalf of death-row prisoners, demanding that a Federal District Court prohibit importation and use of sodium thiopental, a drug used in many executions. | WASHINGTON: F.D.A. Sued Over Drug Used in Executions 2011-02-03T03:58:58Z He chose three drugs, to be administered in sequence: sodium thiopental to render the condemned unconscious; pancuronium bromide, to paralyze the body and lungs; and potassium chloride to stop the heart. Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z Hammond's attorneys lost an appeal on Monday to delay the execution to allow them to investigate Georgia's supply of sodium thiopental, one of the drugs used in lethal injections. Georgia executes man convicted of murder and rape 2011-01-26T13:57:35Z Sodium thiopental is manufactured in Austria and sold to the Reading-based pharmaceutical company, Archimedes Pharma. Executed man's mother urges ban on exports profiting from death penalty 2011-02-13T23:59:00Z Hospira, Inc., the only U.S. company that manufactures sodium thiopental, said last month it will no longer make the drug because it does not want it to be used in executions. Missouri governor refuses clemency in Martin Link execution case 2011-02-08T17:03:59Z The execution of Frank Spisak scheduled for February 17 will use existing supplies of sodium thiopental, according to the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction. Ohio is latest state switching drugs for executions 2011-01-26T00:33:45Z In recent years, sodium thiopental has been used less and less often for anesthesia, as newer drugs have gained favor. Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z The state Department of Corrections said it had "an appropriate supply of sodium thiopental." Georgia executes man convicted of murder and rape 2011-01-26T13:57:35Z "If the thiopental was inadequately effective Mr Rhode's death would certainly have been agonising," Heath wrote. Executed man's mother urges ban on exports profiting from death penalty 2011-02-13T23:59:00Z At issue is the source of the sodium thiopental that will be used in the execution of Mr. Hammond at 7 p.m. Drug Is Challenged as Georgia Plans Execution 2011-01-25T21:58:54Z Business Secretary Vince Cable introduced a ban on the export of sodium thiopental in December. Execution to use drug sold in UK 2011-01-24T02:04:09Z Unable to control who buys their products and what they use them for, Hospira decided to stop making sodium thiopental on 21 January. Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z Ill., was prompted by demands from Italy, which does not have capital punishment, that no sodium thiopental - which the company had planned to make at its plant outside Milan - be used for executions, officials said. Company to stop making drug commonly used in executions 2011-01-22T03:00:01Z At the time of the sale last summer, there was no ban on selling sodium thiopental to the US. Executed man's mother urges ban on exports profiting from death penalty 2011-02-13T23:59:00Z Hospira does not have domestic facilities that can make sodium thiopental, said Daniel Rosenberg, a spokesman for the company, and has decided to “exit the market.” States Face Shortage of Key Lethal Injection Drug 2011-01-21T23:44:46Z But in December, the Italian parliament issued an order binding the government to ensure that Hospira’s Italian-made thiopental would not be used in lethal injections. Hospira to stop making execution drug 2011-01-21T17:16:00Z But on 30 November, the UK Department of Business, Innovation and Skills banned all export of sodium thiopental to the United States. Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z All use lethal injection, and until recently all but two had used a three-drug cocktail that included sodium thiopental to kill pain, pancurium bromide to paralyze the inmate and potassium chloride to stop the heart. Company to stop making drug commonly used in executions 2011-01-22T03:00:01Z California, additionally, has revealed that it has obtained enough sodium thiopental from unidentified UK suppliers for 85 executions. Executed man's mother urges ban on exports profiting from death penalty 2011-02-13T23:59:00Z During what had been described as a temporary halt to production last year, scarcity of sodium thiopental led to delays in previously scheduled executions in at least two states, California and Oklahoma. States Face Shortage of Key Lethal Injection Drug 2011-01-21T23:44:46Z The drug shortage followed a 2009 decision by Hospira Inc., the sole U.S. maker of thiopental, to suspend production due to manufacturing issues. Hospira to stop making execution drug 2011-01-21T17:16:00Z Meanwhile, companies and government officials in Germany have come together against supplying the United States with any sodium thiopental for executions, according to the Associated Press. Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z Ohio and Washington state recently switched to using only sodium thiopental, which is also known as Pentothal. Company to stop making drug commonly used in executions 2011-01-22T03:00:01Z The business secretary, Vince Cable, imposed export controls on overseas sales of sodium thiopental to the US last November. Executed man's mother urges ban on exports profiting from death penalty 2011-02-13T23:59:00Z Texas, which carries out more executions than any other state, has an aging stock of sodium thiopental that will expire this March, leaving it unusable. States Face Shortage of Key Lethal Injection Drug 2011-01-21T23:44:46Z The shortage of sodium thiopental has disrupted executions around the country. FDA has helped two states obtain anesthetic used in executions 2011-01-13T01:09:21Z Did the FDA "help" states obtain sodium thiopental? Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z Oklahoma last year became the first state to switch to another method, replacing sodium thiopental with pentobarbital, which is widely used to euthanize animals. Company to stop making drug commonly used in executions 2011-01-22T03:00:01Z The shortage of the drug, sodium thiopental, has disrupted executions around the country. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z Two states, Ohio and Washington, use only one drug, sodium thiopental, which is fatal at larger doses for executions. States Face Shortage of Key Lethal Injection Drug 2011-01-21T23:44:46Z Most state prison systems use sodium thiopental to put inmates to sleep before administering pancuronium bromide, a paralyzing agent, and potassium chloride, which stops the heart. FDA has helped two states obtain anesthetic used in executions 2011-01-13T01:09:21Z Now that Hospira has stopped making the drug and the United Kingdom has controlled export, will a lack of sodium thiopental end lethal injection in the United States? Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z It is uncontested that the sodium thiopental that was used to execute Landrigan originated from Archimedes Pharma. Capital punishment and Big Pharma's ethics 2011-01-07T15:42:01Z Alabama and Texas use sodium thiopental, an anesthetic in short supply in the U.S. because of manufacturing issues, and have enough of the drug for now. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z He said there was "no possibility" of getting the sodium thiopental from a US source, and continued: "We were able to purchase enough of the drug in our protocol for each of the forthcoming executions." London firm supplied drugs used for US lethal injections 2011-01-06T13:25:01Z Arizona then provided California with 12 grams of sodium thiopental in September. FDA has helped two states obtain anesthetic used in executions 2011-01-13T01:09:21Z Or, more likely, they will follow the lead of Oklahoma, which has recently switched to using pentobarbital in place of sodium thiopental. Death-Row Drug Dilemma 2011-01-28T01:45:00.253Z One factor reducing or delaying executions is difficulty obtaining sodium thiopental, one of the drugs used in lethal injection executions, the Washington-based group said. U.S. executions fall due to cost and lack of lethal drug 2010-12-21T05:19:59Z In response to state queries, the FDA has announced it will not stop overseas shipments to the U.S. of the drug sodium thiopental, because the agency does not regulate products used in lethal injection. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z An invoice dated 28 September last year revealed that the company supplied the prison with 150 vials of sodium thiopental, 180 vials of potassium chloride and 450 vials of pancuronium bromide. London firm supplied drugs used for US lethal injections 2011-01-06T13:25:01Z In early 2010, Tennessee shared its sodium thiopental with Georgia and Arkansas but scrambled by mid-year to find its own supply, with a fall execution pending. FDA has helped two states obtain anesthetic used in executions 2011-01-13T01:09:21Z He said it was its first use in a U.S. execution and replaced sodium thiopental, a sedative that was in short supply. Oklahoma executes man using animal euthanasia drug 2010-12-17T04:15:04Z A shortage of sodium thiopental in the US forced the state make the change. US execution to use animal drug 2010-12-16T21:35:16Z Most state prison systems use sodium thiopental to put condemned inmates to sleep before administering pancuronium bromide, a paralyzing agent, and potassium chloride, which stops the heart. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z The state ordered the drug before the U.K. last month said it planned to limits exports of the drug, thiopental sodium, because of the U.K.'s "moral opposition to the death penalty." California Buys U.K. Execution Drug 2010-12-07T03:24:00Z In September, the warden of Riverbend Maximum Security Institution, where Tennessee conducts executions, ordered sodium thiopental, apparently from a British company. FDA has helped two states obtain anesthetic used in executions 2011-01-13T01:09:21Z Sodium thiopental is commonly used as an anaesthetic. British firm denies exporting drug for Arizona execution 2010-10-27T20:11:00Z Sodium thiopental, an anaesthetic, is usually used in the state's lethal injection formula, which also includes drugs that paralyse muscles and stop the heart. US execution to use animal drug 2010-12-16T21:35:16Z Sodium thiopental has been in short supply since last spring, when Ohio nearly had to postpone a May execution because it didn't have enough. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z California is due to obtain 521 grams of thiopental manufactured in Britain, the largest overseas purchase of the drug by prison officials to be disclosed to date. California Buys U.K. Execution Drug 2010-12-07T03:24:00Z At least one state has managed to avoid the shortage by switching from sodium thiopental to pentobarbital, a drug commonly used to put animals to sleep. FDA has helped two states obtain anesthetic used in executions 2011-01-13T01:09:21Z It appears probable that Arizona acquired the drug through an American importer of medical supplies which also looks to be the supplier of sodium thiopental for a scheduled execution in California. British firm denies exporting drug for Arizona execution 2010-10-27T20:11:00Z A judge's ruling to allow Oklahoma to substitute pentobarbital for sodium thiopental was upheld by a federal appeals court this week. US execution to use animal drug 2010-12-16T21:35:16Z Oklahoma has switched from sodium thiopental to pentobarbital, a drug commonly used to put animals to sleep. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z A federal judge previously granted a stay and asked to know where the dose of sodium thiopental came from. Arizona executes killer by lethal injection 2010-10-27T06:47:00Z The only legal US source of sodium thiopental has refused to play any further part in executions, but an unnamed British supplier has obliged. The British company making a business out of killing 2010-10-26T15:00:00Z Sodium thiopental is also being imported for use in hospitals because of a national shortage that is not expected to be overcome until next year. British firm denies exporting drug for Arizona execution 2010-10-27T20:11:00Z The planned execution of Mr. Landrigan, convicted of murder in 1990, coincides with a shortage of the anesthetic used in the state’s execution protocol, sodium thiopental. Use of Drug Challenged in Death Penalty Case 2010-10-23T02:41:00Z Two states, Washington and Ohio, use a single powerful dose of sodium thiopental to carry out executions. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z Sodium thiopental, an anesthetic, is the first of a sequence of three drugs administered in lethal injection that paralyze breathing and stop the heart. Arizona executes killer by lethal injection 2010-10-27T06:47:00Z There is only one legal source of sodium thiopental in the United States, which is the pharmaceutical company Hospira. The British company making a business out of killing 2010-10-26T15:00:00Z Two executions in Kentucky were delayed this year because the commonwealth had but one dose of thiopental sodium for the three murderers who have exhausted their appeals. Shortage of Widely Used Anesthetics Is Delaying Executions in Some States 2010-09-30T01:00:00Z Moreover, Terry Thornton, a spokeswoman for the corrections department, confirmed that its supply of sodium thiopental was good only until Friday, just hours after Mr. Brown’s planned execution. Judges Question California?s Motivation on Execution 2010-09-28T19:17:00Z California also got its supply indirectly from England after Arizona provided California with 12 grams of sodium thiopental in September. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z Moreover, Terry Thornton, a spokeswoman for the department, said its supply of sodium thiopental was good only until Friday. As Execution Nears, Deadly Drug Is in Short Supply 2010-09-27T23:27:00Z Several of the 35 states that rely on lethal injection are either scrambling to find sodium thiopental — an anesthetic that renders the condemned inmate unconscious — or considering using another drug. Some US Executions Held Up by Shortage of Drug 2010-09-27T19:16:00Z And an Oklahoma inmate, Jeffrey D. Matthews, succeeded in delaying his death last month by challenging the state’s intent to substitute the sedative Brevital for thiopental sodium in its lethal three-drug sequence. Shortage of Widely Used Anesthetics Is Delaying Executions in Some States 2010-09-30T01:00:00Z As for the drug issue, how exactly sodium thiopental became scarce is unclear. Judges Question California?s Motivation on Execution 2010-09-28T19:17:00Z Early last year, Tennessee shared its sodium thiopental with Georgia and Arkansas but scrambled by midyear to find its own supply, with a fall execution pending. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z Ms. Thornton said her department was continuing with preparations for Mr. Brown’s execution and had enough sodium thiopental to stop Mr. Brown’s heart. As Execution Nears, Deadly Drug Is in Short Supply 2010-09-27T23:27:00Z Sodium thiopental is a barbiturate, used primarily to anesthetize surgical patients and induce medical comas. Some US Executions Held Up by Shortage of Drug 2010-09-27T19:16:00Z Oklahoma’s Department of Corrections has since obtained a single dose of thiopental sodium from another state — it will not say which — and plans to use it to kill Donald R. Wackerly II on Oct. Shortage of Widely Used Anesthetics Is Delaying Executions in Some States 2010-09-30T01:00:00Z On Monday, Ms. Thornton said her department was continuing with preparations for Mr. Brown’s execution and had enough sodium thiopental to stop Mr. Brown’s heart. Judges Question California?s Motivation on Execution 2010-09-28T19:17:00Z In September, Ricky Bell, the warden of Riverbend Maximum Security Institution, where Tennessee's executions are held, ordered sodium thiopental, apparently from a British company, that was delivered by Oct. AP Enterprise: FDA helps states get execution drug 2011-01-11T17:33:19Z How exactly sodium thiopental became scarce is unclear. As Execution Nears, Deadly Drug Is in Short Supply 2010-09-27T23:27:00Z As for the possibility of obtaining the drug elsewhere, the said there are no FDA-approved manufacturers of sodium thiopental overseas. Some US Executions Held Up by Shortage of Drug 2010-09-27T19:16:00Z That, in turn, has revived the demand for out-of-favor anesthesia drugs like thiopental sodium, ketamine and etomidate, which have themselves then become scarce. Shortage of Widely Used Anesthetics Is Delaying Executions in Some States 2010-09-30T01:00:00Z But in his ruling Friday, Judge Fogel said that if Mr. Brown opted to use only one drug — sodium thiopental, a barbiturate — and the state refused, his execution would be stayed. With Conditions, Judge Clears Way for a California Execution 2010-09-25T02:58:00Z Obtaining sodium thiopental from hospitals does not appear to be an option, either. Some US Executions Held Up by Shortage of Drug 2010-09-27T19:16:00Z |
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