| 单词 | ester |
| 例句 | “The fats and esters and other flavor chemicals should ride along with the alcohol,” she said. America’s First Moonshine, Applejack, Returns in Sleeker Style 2021-02-02T05:00:00Z Those molecules then break down further and react with one another creating new flavor compounds, like phenols and esters. Dorie Greenspan's magically caramel-y chocolate chip cookie 2022-05-15T04:00:00Z The pepper doesn’t provide any sort of numbing: just an earthy, peppery spice that really compliments the fruity lemon and peach esters, and finishes dry and fruity. Beer of the Week: Logsdon Szech ’n Brett 2016-09-23T04:00:00Z Congeners can be esters, which produce a fruity or floral flavor, or complex alcohols, which can taste strong and aromatic. The complex chemistry behind America’s spirit — how bourbon gets its distinctive taste and color 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z “Still like St. Elizabeth,” he wrote in a message, “but I prefer the higher ester Jamaican rum funk at the heart of Hamilton.” The one ingredient that can make your summer drinks taste like tiki perfection 2017-05-19T04:00:00Z During fermentation, yeast converts sugars into alcohol and creates pungent esters — organic compounds that might evoke peaches, oranges or pineapples. Craft Beer Fans Know Hops. But What About Yeast? 2020-03-20T04:00:00Z It’s a hazy, honey-colored ale that hits you with coriander and ginger right upfront, along with fruity esters. Beer of the Week: A festive holiday ale with a touch of spice 2016-12-02T05:00:00Z When discussing wines with other experts, the guild suggests identifying hints of raspberry and strawberry as “esters,” peppercorn or rosemary aromas as “rotundones,” and gooseberry or grapefruit notes as “thiols.” Is There a Better Way to Talk About Wine? 2015-07-29T04:00:00Z Cats' scent comes from a mix of volatile organic compounds, including aldehydes, alcohols, esters and ketones. More than meows: How bacteria help cats communicate 2023-11-16T05:00:00Z In the ester linkage, the first carbon in the fatty acid chain has an oxygen double-bonded to it, whereas in the ether linkage, it does not. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z She chemically modified the fatty acids by converting them to ethyl esters, a form that was water soluble and could be injected without the harm done by the raw oil. Overlooked No More: Alice Ball, Chemist Who Created a Treatment for Leprosy 2023-04-08T04:00:00Z The esters formed from butyric acid are pleasant-smelling compounds found in fruits and used in perfumes. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Second, an ether bond instead of an ester bond connects the lipid to the glycerol. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z During fermentation, yeast converts sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide, while creating the esters and compounds that give beer aroma and flavor. Two local breweries are making craft beer without the buzz 2021-01-20T05:00:00Z A felt or composite sleeve is saturated, typically with a polyester or vinyl ester resin. Health Concerns Mount as More Old Sewer Pipes Are Lined with Plastic 2019-11-26T05:00:00Z Hollmann tested her treatment on his patients, and he saw that the ethyl esters were bactericidal, capable of killing bacteria. Overlooked No More: Alice Ball, Chemist Who Created a Treatment for Leprosy 2023-04-08T04:00:00Z For example, the ester ethyl acetate, CH3CO2CH2CH3, is formed when acetic acid reacts with ethanol: Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the primary energy currency in cells; ATP stores energy in phosphate ester bonds. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Entombed within them, they discovered wax esters—energy-rich molecules that small organisms create and store when food becomes scarce. The Not So Dead Sea: Traces of Ancient Bacteria Found in the Lake's Sediments 2019-06-05T04:00:00Z During fermentation, the microorganism eats sugar and creates alcohol as well as chemical compounds called esters that impart distinct fruity and floral flavors. Taste of history: Yeast from 1886 shipwreck makes new brew 2019-03-15T04:00:00Z They’re focusing on materials that are less flammable and more environmentally friendly, including chemicals called esters, and even vegetable oil. Eerie blue glow above New York City caused by electric arc 2018-12-28T05:00:00Z The odor of ripe bananas and many other fruits is due to the presence of esters, compounds that can be prepared by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Such a restriction does not apply for ester and thioester linkages. Enzymes engineered to trap reaction intermediates 2018-12-11T05:00:00Z In the first step, a Diels–Alder reaction involving an anhydride or ester builds a 3D molecular scaffold. Reaction combination opens up 3D molecular diversity for drug discovery 2018-08-05T04:00:00Z According to its website, Elevance uses a patented process at its refinery in Gresik, East Java, to produce 180,000 tonnes of modified triglyceride, unsaturated methyl esters and olefins per year. New biodiesel recipe can cut Indonesia's fuel imports: Industry... 2018-07-24T04:00:00Z Traditional English versions are more refined and showcase more fruity esters and a densely layered malt foundation. Christmas beer: Holiday brews from Belgium, Germany, Britain and the United States 2017-12-20T05:00:00Z Both carboxylic acids and esters contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Dr. Burke's article adds to our understanding of exogenous ketone esters. Can Ketones Rev Up Our Workouts? 2017-11-08T05:00:00Z The second major group of insecticides, the organic phosphates—esters of phosphoric acid—are among the most poisonous chemicals in the world. Silent Spring—I 2017-01-03T05:00:00Z The drugs they tested — niacin and cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors — boosted HDL in the blood but failed to reduce cardiovascular-disease risks. Does ‘good’ cholesterol still matter? 2017-05-26T04:00:00Z Either style will showcase the potpourri of esters that mesh so well with the Thanksgiving dishes, and they’re both strong enough to cut through rich food and bold flavors. Five beer brewers tell you which beers to bring to Thanksgiving 2015-11-12T05:00:00Z In an ester, the second oxygen atom bonds to another carbon atom. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Compounds called esters, a big component of animal fat, looked more promising. Researchers isolate the ‘human smell of death’ 2015-09-22T04:00:00Z Some common food and dietary supplements include high sterol or stanol esters – read the labels. How to Lower Cholesterol Naturally 2015-07-07T04:00:00Z English ale yeasts produce more fruity esters, while the California ale yeast that dominates craft-brewed beers is prized for the lack of character it imbues. How to find, drink and savor L.A.'s best craft beer 2015-07-01T04:00:00Z The Belgian-style pale ale is light and dry with a bright hop character and a blast of fruity esters on the finish. L.A. brewery collaboration beers to look for during L.A. Beer Week 2015-06-24T04:00:00Z The functional groups for an acid and for an ester are shown in red in these formulas. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z For example, even though blueberry samples in one experiment contained more sugar than strawberry samples did, tasters found many of the strawberries, which are a veritable stew of the effective esters, tasted sweeter. Sweetness without sugar? Saltiness without sodium? It might be just around the corner 2015-06-19T04:00:00Z He says these scent chemicals are called “esters” – and they’re in everything that smells. What's Really Making Your Air Freshener Smell Good 2015-06-12T04:00:00Z Quite why there is starch – and “esters of wood rosins” in the best-selling Oasis fruit drinks, no one could tell me. What Makes Baked Beans So Tasty? It's All the Wallpaper Glue 2015-03-06T05:00:00Z Once inside liver cells, the enzymes that had initially interfered with the phosphate group hit the ester molecules instead, leaving the active drug free to do its job. We Now Have the Cure for Hepatitis C, but Can We Afford It? 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z Importantly, the relative concentration of an ester called coprostanol - used to detect human sewage - suggested that several samples were in fact traces of fossilised faeces. Faeces reveal Neanderthals' diet 2014-06-25T04:00:00Z On Monday, would stop using brominated vegetable oil and replace it with sucrose acetate isobutyrate or glycerol ester of rosin, which is found in chewing gum. Teen vegan fights big corporations 2014-05-07T15:32:32Z It said it would replace the oil with sucrose acetate isobutyrate and glycerol ester of rosin, either singly or in combination. Coca-Cola to Remove an Ingredient Questioned by Consumers 2014-05-06T01:38:31Z Coca-Cola said it would switch to using sucrose acetate isobutyrate or glycerol ester of rosin, which is commonly found in chewing gum. Coca-Cola to remove drinks ingredient 2014-05-06T01:03:40Z Michael Sofia, then at Pharmasset, solved the problems by adding two compounds known as esters to the analogue. We Now Have the Cure for Hepatitis C, but Can We Afford It? 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z All these samples were dominated by products of meat digestion, but one in particular showed significant amounts of plant-derived esters as well. Faeces reveal Neanderthals' diet 2014-06-25T04:00:00Z Congeners include acetaldehyde itself as well as acetone, fusel oil, furfural, methanol's metabolites, polyphenols, histamines, esters, tannins, amines and amides, among others. In Search of a Cure for the Dreaded Hangover 2014-03-17T11:00:00Z Those off-flavors are the result of breaking down secondary products like amino acids and the ethanol which might result in some fouler or vinegary compounds, such as esters and aldehydes. The Making of a Brewmaster, 200 MYA 2012-08-20T20:45:07.483Z “Those are very competitive” products, he said, referring to output such as oleochemicals, food esters and specialty chemicals and fats. Malaysian Palm-Oil Exports Seen Rising 10%, Paring Reserves 2012-02-16T23:29:08Z The methanol reacts with the fatty acids to form esters. DIY biofuels: The fat of the land 2011-12-01T16:06:02Z Guncotton is converted into a gelatinous form by several substances, such as esters, e.g. ethyl acetate or benzoate, acetone and other ketones, and many benzene compounds, most of which are volatile liquids. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 1 "Evangelical Church Conference" to "Fairbairn, Sir William" 2011-07-16T02:00:16.387Z Have arsenate esters replaced phosphate esters to any appreciable extent, for example, in adenosine triphosphate, DNA, RNA, vitamins, phosphoproteins, or phospholipids? [Technical Comment] Comment on ?A Bacterium That Can Grow by Using Arsenic Instead of Phosphorus? 2011-06-02T18:25:19.773Z If the biosynthetic pathway for the hypothetical arseno-DNA is analogous, we must assume that the arsenic atom fated to replace phosphate originated in the five-position arsenate ester of ribose, the sugar. [Technical Comment] Comment on ?A Bacterium That Can Grow by Using Arsenic Instead of Phosphorus? 2011-06-02T18:25:14.937Z The esters of the acid may be obtained by distilling a mixture of the sodium or potassium salts and the corresponding alcohol with hydrochloric or sulphuric acids. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 6 "Foraminifera" to "Fox, Edward" 2011-04-22T02:00:08.637Z The advantage of esters is that they substitute directly for petroleum-based diesel fuel. DIY biofuels: The fat of the land 2011-12-01T16:06:02Z It consists of esters of glycerine with fatty and other acids, and these are generally termed glycerides. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 3: Estremoz to Felspar 2011-04-14T02:00:59.373Z The characteristic flavour and odour of wines and spirits is dependent on the proportion of higher alcohols, aldehydes and esters which may be produced. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 3 "Fenton, Edward" to "Finistere" 2011-03-14T03:01:00.580Z The esters of the aliphatic and aromatic acids are colourless neutral liquids, which are generally insoluble in water, but readily dissolve in alcohol and ether. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z In this reaction a glycerol ester is formed as an intermediate product, and undergoes decomposition by the water which is also produced at the same time. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 6 "Foraminifera" to "Fox, Edward" 2011-04-22T02:00:08.637Z Such chemicals, when encountered alone, would have caused alarm in the ants, but only oleic acid and its ester, which are the products of fat decomposition, were effective messengers of death. 2010-01-18T05:00:00Z The chemical definition of saponification is the conversion of an ester, of which glycerides are merely a certain type, into an alcohol and an acid or a salt of this acid. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. The common ester—ethyl acetate—is a volatile colourless liquid, manufactured by distilling a mixture of alcohol, oil of vitriol, and acetic acid, and used for flavouring purposes. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 1 A to Amide If, however, some of the hydrogen of the acid remain undisplaced, then “acid esters” result. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z Long before he wrote, it was known that phosphoric acid combines not only with inorganic bases to form salts, but with alcohols to form esters. History of Phosphorus For this purpose only boric acid or its potassium salt must be present; and to ensure this, the borate can be distilled with sulphuric acid and methyl alcohol and the volatile ester absorbed in potash. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 3 "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" Upon shaking the resin acids are rapidly saponified and extracted by the dilute alkaline solution as rosin soaps, while the ethyl esters remain in solution in the gasoline. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. Similarly, the acid H atom of either an organic or an inorganic acid may be replaced by the alkyl group of an alcohol, producing "ethereal salts," or "esters." The Chemistry of Plant Life These acid esters retain some of the characteristic properties of the acids, forming, for example, salts, with basic oxides. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z That this alcohol would combine with phosphoric acid could be predicted, but that the ester, as obtained by Pelouze, still contained free acidic functions and formed a water-soluble barium salt was a new experience. History of Phosphorus It is resolved by solution in sulphuric acid and subsequent hydrolysis of the esters thus produced into dextrose. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 5 "Cat" to "Celt" They show all the reactions of esters, being readily hydrolysed by caustic alkalis, and reacting with ammonia to produce carbamic esters and urea. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" The natural fats, vegetable oils, and plant waxes are all esters. The Chemistry of Plant Life In the case of the polybasic acids, all the hydrogen atoms can be replaced in this way, and the compounds formed are known as “neutral esters.” Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z In the course of this study, they identified glucose 1-phosphate, now usually referred to as “Cori ester,” and its function in the glycogen cycle. History of Phosphorus What we may call the special cellulose industries depend upon specific chemical properties of cellulose, partly intrinsic, partly belonging to the derivatives such as the esters. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 5 "Cat" to "Celt" The normal esters may be prepared by the action of silver carbonate on the alkyl iodides, or by the action of alcohols on the chlorcarbonic esters. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Lipoids are much more complex esters, having some nitrogenous, or phosphorus-containing, group and sometimes a sugar in combination with the fatty acids and glycerol which make up the characteristic part of their structure. The Chemistry of Plant Life The ester is separated from the solution by means of its barium salt, and the salt decomposed by the addition of the calculated amount of sulphuric acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z Organic esters of phosphoric acids are used as insecticides. History of Phosphorus Cellulose reacts directly with acetic anhydride to form low esters; in the presence of sulphuric acid the reaction proceeds to higher limits; the triacetate is soluble in chloroform. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 5 "Cat" to "Celt" These normal esters are colourless, pleasant-smelling liquids, which are readily soluble in water. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" As has been pointed out, esters are derived from organic acids and alcohols in exactly the same way that mineral salts are derived from inorganic acids and metallic bases. The Chemistry of Plant Life The esters of the higher fatty acids, when distilled under atmospheric pressure, are decomposed, and yield an olefine and a fatty acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z H Further proof for these constitutions was sought in the study of the esters formed when the acids react with alcohols. History of Phosphorus Ligno-celluloses.—These compounds have many of the characteristics of the cellulose esters; they are in effect ethereal compounds of cellulose and the quinonoid lignone complex, and the combination resists hydrolysis by weak alkalis or acids. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 5 "Cat" to "Celt" The acid esters of carbonic acid of the type HO�CO�OR are not known in the free state, but J.B. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" In these, various sugars replace part or all of the glycerol as the alcoholic part of the ester. The Chemistry of Plant Life The neutral esters are as a rule insoluble in water and distil unchanged; on the other hand, the acid esters are generally soluble in water, are non-volatile, and form salts with bases. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z Thus, the study of organic phosphates progressed from the comparatively simple esters connected with fatty substances of organisms to the proteins and the nuclear substances of the cell. History of Phosphorus It forms an addition product with acrylic ester, which on heating loses nitrogen and leaves trimethylene dicarboxylic ester. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" Sodium amalgam converts it into formic acid; whilst with alcohol it yields the normal carbonic ester. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Furthermore, there is no sharp dividing line between the essential oils and certain esters of organic acids on the one hand and the fats on the other. The Chemistry of Plant Life In such a case the ester is best prepared by the action of an alkyl halide on the silver salt of the acid, and when once prepared, can only be hydrolysed with great difficulty. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z One group of such compounds was discovered in 1929 by W. Lange, who wrote: “Of interest is the strong action of mono-fluorophosphate esters on the human body—the effect is produced by very small quantities.” History of Phosphorus Propylene is liberated during the reaction, and the phosphoric acid ester of meta-cresol which is formed is then fused with potash. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" It is the methyl ester of a neutral body colchicein, which may be obtained in white acicular crystals. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" The oxygenated essential oils may be either alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, or phenols, derived from either five-membered or six-membered closed-ring hydrocarbons. The Chemistry of Plant Life Some of the more volatile fatty acids are driven off, and the fats break down to give a larger percentage of free fatty acids, some light esters, acrolein, and formic acid. All About Coffee At last the precise ethyl ester desired—with a number of others—was secured. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 7, 1922 It is definitely ascertained that a change in the molecule, or reacting unit, of a cellulose, proportionately affects the structural properties of the derived compounds, both sulphocarbonates and esters. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 The oil is now dried with anhydrous sodium sulphate, filtered, and 1-2 grammes weighed into a flask and saponified with alcoholic potash as in the determination of ester or saponification value. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture The hard resins are amorphous substances of vitreous character, which consist of very complex aromatic acids, alcohols, or esters, combined with other complicated structures, known as resenes, whose definite chemical nature is not yet known. The Chemistry of Plant Life These esters of the fatty acids give the characteristic savor to many of our favorite fruits, candies and beverages. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries Its meythl ester, which can be formed from it, is codeine, one of the accompanying alkaloids of opium. Scientific American Supplement, No. 415, December 15, 1883 Analysis of benzoates.—On saponification of these esters with alcoholic sodium hydrate, anomalous results are obtained. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 Acetin Method.—This consists in converting the glycerol into its ester with acetic acid, the acetic triglyceride, or triacetin being formed. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture These salts, or esters, are known under the general name "nucleoproteins." The Chemistry of Plant Life Similarly in the presence of lipase, esters are reformed from alcohols and fatty acids, their decomposition products. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 Caffeine, it will be remembered, is the methyl ester of theobromine, and can be prepared from it. Scientific American Supplement, No. 415, December 15, 1883 They confirm the probability of the occurrence of secondary changes in the ester reactions. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 The following are among the most important bodies of this class:— Amyl salicylate, the ester prepared from amyl alcohol and salicylic acid, sometimes known as "Orchidée" or "Trèfle". The Handbook of Soap Manufacture Hormones are similar in type to the ethereal salts, or esters, which constitute the natural essential oils that develop in many plants at this stage of their growth. The Chemistry of Plant Life Of foremost importance are the reactions termed the malonic acid and the aceto-acetic ester syntheses; these are discussed under their own headings. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 On gently saponifying the esters, these are converted into the corresponding hydroxy derivatives— Synthetic Tannins Action of nitrating acid upon the benzoates.—From the benzoates above described, mixed nitro-nitric esters are obtained by the action of the mixture of nitric and sulphuric acids. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 Benzyl Acetate, the ester obtained from benzyl alcohol and acetic acid. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture Hence, it seems probable that these changes in plants which are maturing naturally may be hastened by the hormone action of the esters and similar bodies which are developed in largest quantities at that stage. The Chemistry of Plant Life As a consequence a trade has sprung up in artificially produced esters, sold for the purpose of adding them to any spirit to fraudulently convert it into a liquor passing as ``brandy.'' The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 And whithersoever he goeth in, say ye to the good man of the house: the master asketh where is the guest chamber, where I shall eat the ester lamb with my disciples? The first New Testament printed in English The residual OH groups of the cellulose are esterified and substitution by an NO2 group takes place in the aromatic residue, giving a mixed nitric nitrobenzoic ester. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 If there is only a small quantity of ester present, this preliminary saponification is unnecessary. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture Common "tannin," when hydrolyzed, yields from 7 to 8 per cent of glucose, which indicates that it is a penta-acid ester of glucose, i.e., each glucose molecule has five acid groups attached to it. The Chemistry of Plant Life With strong acids water is split off and esters are formed. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 And his disciples went forth, and came in to the city, and found as he had said unto them, and made ready the ester lamb. The first New Testament printed in English Of the 8 OH groups five only react in the mixed esters described above, and six only in the case of the simple nitric esters. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 The alcohols are estimated by conversion into their acetic esters, which are then saponified with standard alcoholic potash, thereby furnishing a measure of the amount of alcohol esterified. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture Organic acids, either in free form, or partially neutralized with calcium, potassium, or sodium, forming acid salts, or combined with various alcohols in the form of esters, are widely distributed in plants. The Chemistry of Plant Life Secondary alcohols result from the reduction of ketones; and from the reaction of zinc alkyls on aldehydes or formic acid esters. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 And he said: Go into the city, unto such a man, and say to him: the master saith, my time is almost come, I will keep mine ester at thy house with my disciples. The first New Testament printed in English In practice it is not necessary to combine the saponification of cellulose ester with complete reduction of the nitric acid split off. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 Since the boiling-point of the former lies near that of the ester, it is not removed during the process of purification by distillation. Organic Syntheses Included in this group are several different kinds of compounds which have similar physical properties, and which, in general, belong to the type of organic compounds known as esters, i.e., alcoholic salts of organic acids. The Chemistry of Plant Life These statistics confirm the evidence that the ester reaction is not simple. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 And the disciples did as Iesus had appointed them, and made ready the ester lamb. The first New Testament printed in English Products of 'denitration'.—The esters were treated with ferrous chloride in boiling aqueous solution. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 If it is found to contain sufficient benzoic acid to react with a considerable proportion of the sodium alcoholate, a poor yield of ester will be obtained. Organic Syntheses Glycerol possesses all the characteristic properties of an alcohol, forming alcoholates with alkalies, esters with acids, etc. The Chemistry of Plant Life Hydroxyl Reactions.—In the formation of nitric esters and in the sulphocarbonate reaction the substance gave results similar to those obtaining for the jute fibre. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 Ye have a custom among you, that I should deliver you one loose at ester. The first New Testament printed in English Attempts have been made to determine the molecular weights of the cellulose esters in solution, by observations of depression of solidifying and boiling-points. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 For most purposes, such as the preparation of phenylacetic acid or ester, the fraction boiling 135-140'0/38 mm. is perfectly satisfactory. Organic Syntheses They form acetyl esters, or acetates, which can be separated from each other and identified by their crystal forms and melting points. The Chemistry of Plant Life Of the cellulose esters the nitrates are still the only group in industrial use. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 The jewes' ester was nigh at hand, and many went out of the country up to Ierusalem before the ester to purify themselves. The first New Testament printed in English That it modifies the functions or reactivity of the ultimate constituent groups we have seen from the study of the esters. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 In washing the layer of ethyl phenylacetate with sodium carbonate it is sometimes advisable to add a certain amount of sodium chloride so that the ester will separate more readily. Organic Syntheses This possibility is the most interesting fact known concerning these complex alcohols; although their presence as esters in all plant and animal fats indicates that they must have some biological function. The Chemistry of Plant Life The third division of our plan of arrangement comprised the synthetical derivatives of the celluloses, the sulphocarbonates first, as peculiarly characteristic, and then the esters, chiefly the acetates, benzoates, and nitrates. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 The master sayeth: Where is the guest chamber, where I shall eat mine ester lamb with my disciples? The first New Testament printed in English The latter has been specially examined with regard to its proportion of OH groups, as a necessary preliminary to the investigation of esters, in producing which the entire complex is employed. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 It will appear from this work that an exhaustive study of the cellulose esters promises to assist very definitely in the study of constitutional problems. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 They are similar to fats in chemical composition, except that, instead of being glycerides, they are esters of monohydric alcohols of high atomic weight. The Chemistry of Plant Life As stated it is soluble in certain of the ordinary solvents of the cellulose esters, e.g. chloroform, acetic acid, nitrobenzene, pyridine, and phenol. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 They went and found, as he had said unto them: and made ready the ester lamb. The first New Testament printed in English It will be shown that the ester groups can be actually localised in various ways, as in the main entering the cellulose residues α and β. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 In describing these mixed esters we shall find it necessary to adopt the C12 unit formula. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 The latter is a crystalline substance, which melts at 42°, which is present in peppermint oil, both as the free alcohol and as an ester of acetic acid. The Chemistry of Plant Life A similar series was carried out with the guncotton in the condition in which it was directly obtained from the ester reaction. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 And he said unto them: I have inwardly desired to eat this ester lamb with you before that I suffer. The first New Testament printed in English Localisation of Benzoyl Group.—The entrance of the ester group affects the typical colour reactions of the lignocellulose, which are fainter. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 This would give a simple explanation of the well-known facts obtaining in the corresponding esters of the normal cellulose. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 We may note here that an important item in the quantitative factors of the cellulose nitric ester reaction has been overlooked: that is, the yield calculated to the NO3 groups fixed. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 Thorow faith he ordained the ester lamb, and the effusion of blood, lest he that destroyed the first born should touch them. The first New Testament printed in English For Christ our ester lamb is offered up for us. The first New Testament printed in English Denitration.—The removal of the nitric groups from the esters is effected by digestion with ammonium sulphide. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 |
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