| 单词 | enzyme |
| 例句 | This chemical, like parathion and its relatives, destroys the protective enzyme cholinesterase. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z They carry not only instructions about eye color, height, nose shape, enzyme production, microphage resistance, but a story, too. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z The detoxification is accomplished by one of the enzymes of the liver. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z They did not answer her, for that would have taken time, and very basic enzymes of survival raced through the bloodstreams of the Meecham children as they headed for their preordained hiding place. The Great Santini 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z “Then”—Mom is laughing now—“there’s some sort of other number, some enzyme ratio level, that’s supposed to be between ten and thirty, and Jordan’s is one eighty!” It’s Kind of a Funny Story 2006-04-02T00:00:00Z Potentiation seems to take place when one compound destroys the liver enzyme responsible for detoxifying the other. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z The “harmless” insecticides malathion and methoxychlor are less poisonous than their relatives only because a liver enzyme deals with them, altering their molecules in such a way that their capacity for harm is lessened. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z They recycle organic matter with powerful enzymes that can break down organic molecules into simple molecules and minerals. The Omnivore's Dilemma 2006-04-11T00:00:00Z These enzymes are a molecular machine with awesome powers. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Yet another specified an enzyme to break those chemical parts into subparts. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z The most important proteins are enzymes, molecules that control the cell’s chemical reactions. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z If a chromosome disappeared and production of a certain enzyme stopped, researchers knew the gene for that enzyme must be on the most recently vanished chromosome. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks 2010-02-02T00:00:00Z When all is done, a single enzyme molecule has been produced, which then goes about ordering one particular aspect of the chemistry of the cell. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z It makes no difference which enzyme is affected. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z If a mistake is made, there are enzymes which snip the mistake out and replace the wrong nucleotide by the right one. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Again, this is because it inhibits the liver enzyme that normally would “draw the teeth” of the poisonous insecticide. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z The power of the organic phosphates, those poisoners of the nerve-protective enzyme cholinesterase, may become greater if the body has first been exposed to a chlorinated hydrocarbon which injures the liver. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z The soft drink had been named for the digestive enzyme pepsin, he sagely told us, and so was suited to the task. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z Mutations might occur during replication if the enzyme DNA polymerase makes a mistake. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z There are ways to tell with absolute certainty whether someone is having a heart attack, but those involve tests of particular enzymes that can take hours for results. Blink 2005-01-11T00:00:00Z The toxin does the deed insidiously, indirectly, by inhibiting an enzyme essential to glycoprotein metabolism. Into the Wild 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z But since there was no reason to rule out the participation of specific enzymes, I saw no need to be unduly disturbed. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z And, of course, newly produced amino acids compete with the normal enzymes causing brain damage.” Flowers for Algernon 1959-05-01T00:00:00Z But on contact with the organic phosphorus insecticides, the protective enzyme is destroyed, and as the quantity of the enzyme is reduced that of the transmitting chemical builds up. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z If, however, something destroys this enzyme or interferes with its action, the person exposed to malathion receives the full force of the poison. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z It is my own feeling that the most successful line of research will be that taken by the men studying enzyme imbalances. Flowers for Algernon 1959-05-01T00:00:00Z It might be a microbe, a strand of lost nucleic acid, a molecule of enzyme, or a nameless hairless little being with sharp gray eyes. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z Mutations occur when DNA is damaged by chemicals or X-rays, or when the DNA replication enzyme makes a spontaneous error in copying genes. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z We check the blood levels of certain enzymes periodically in order to make sure that the liver is handling the strain adequately. Drums, Girls, and Dangerous Pie 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z That’s when Japanese chemists discovered an enzyme that could transform glucose into the much sweeter sugar molecule called fructose. The Omnivore's Dilemma 2006-04-11T00:00:00Z But the enzymes do not run the show. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z The balance is delicate and government veterinarians have found that repeated small doses can gradually deplete an animal’s supply of the protective enzyme cholinesterase, so that without warning a minute additional dose will cause poisoning. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z If the liver begins to sustain damage, the enzyme levels should theoretically give us some warning. Drums, Girls, and Dangerous Pie 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z By the early nineties, a scientist at Yale had used HeLa to discover that human cancer cells contain an enzyme called telomerase that rebuilds their telomeres. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks 2010-02-02T00:00:00Z If such an enzyme existed, Kornberg reasoned, the easiest place to find it would be in an organism that was dividing rapidly—E. coli during its furious phase of growth. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Some of them feebly control useful chemical reactions, as enzymes do. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z The changes are made in orderly fashion, step by step, each step directed and controlled by an enzyme of so specialized a function that it does this one thing and nothing else. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z But if a mutation disrupts the function of an enzyme, then the normal gene must specify the information to make the normal enzyme. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z A protective enzyme called cholinesterase is at hand to destroy the transmitting chemical once it is no longer needed. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z It is from the progeny of this parent cell that we take our looks; we still share genes around, and the resemblance of the enzymes of grasses to those of whales is a family resemblance. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z Chang had used those cells to discover enzymes and genes specific to liver cells. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks 2010-02-02T00:00:00Z Harker, having collected a million dollars to solve the structure of the enzyme ribonuclease, was in search of talent, and the offer of six thousand for one year seemed to Odile wonderfully generous. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z We both use nucleic acids for heredity; we both use proteins as enzymes to control the chemistry of our cells. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z That was a gene’s signal to make more RNA messages and thereby generate the relevant enzyme to digest the sugar. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z “Rahajamati. His article attacks Tanida’s theory of enzyme fusion—the concept of changing the chemical structure of the enzyme blocking the step in the metabolic pathway.” Flowers for Algernon 1959-05-01T00:00:00Z When they switched back to glucose, these enzymes disappeared and glucose-digesting enzymes reappeared. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z In the same way, if we destroy an enzyme that functions at any point in the cycle, oxidation ceases. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Every mutant, they noted, was missing a single metabolic function, corresponding to the activity of a single protein enzyme. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z I will have a positive attitude, take care of myself, I’ll feed myself enzymes, and friendly bacteria. Cat's Eye 1988-09-01T00:00:00Z It is now known that the mitochondria are tiny packets of enzymes, a varied assortment including all the enzymes necessary for the oxidative cycle, arranged in precise and orderly array on walls and partitions. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z They have the ability to destroy enzymes — enzymes that perform necessary functions in the body. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Since mutations are random nucleotide changes, most of them are harmful or lethal, coding into existence nonfunctional enzymes. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z This capacity, Beadle understood, was due to the presence of enzymes within the cell—proteins that acted as master builders and could synthesize complex biological macromolecules out of basic precursor chemicals. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z In fact, if I had to synthesize my own enzymes, if I consciously had to remember and direct all the chemical steps required to get energy out of food, I would probably starve. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z It’s crammed full of molecules and vessels endlessly shuttling enzymes and sugars from one part of the cell to another, pumping water, nutrients, and oxygen in and out of the cell. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks 2010-02-02T00:00:00Z Together, they siphon off an enzyme, which stops the production of a certain hormone, which complicates my life. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z They digested the proteins with various enzymes; the activity remained unaltered. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z An enzyme was likely dedicated to copying DNA—a replicator protein. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z This enzyme occurs only in flies that possess a genetic factor for DDT resistance. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z An enzyme that digested RNA had no effect. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z My nuclei code out the outer membranes of each, and a good many of the enzymes attached to the cristae must be synthesized by me. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z When any of these enzymes — even a single one of them — is destroyed or weakened, the cycle of oxidation within the cell comes to a halt. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z There is a recursion here that is worth noting: like all proteins, DNA polymerase, the enzyme that enables DNA to replicate, is itself the product of a gene.* The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z When bacteria switched from glucose to lactose consumption, they induced specific lactose-digesting enzymes. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Leukocytes become more actively phagocytic, release lysosomal enzymes, turn sticky, and aggregate together in dense masses, occluding capillaries and shutting off the blood supply. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z The only way to eradicate transformation was to digest the material with an enzyme that, of all things, degraded DNA. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z DDT, methoxychlor, malathion, phenothiazine, and various dinitro compounds are among the numerous pesticides that have been found to inhibit one or more of the enzymes concerned in the cycle of oxidation. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Once the unwinding is under way, a remarkable enzyme called DNA polymerase helps ensure that the copying works almost perfectly. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z These, under high magnification, turn out to be bacteria, living in symbiosis with the spirochetes and the protozoan, probably contributing enzymes that break down the cellulose. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z Another gene encoded an enzyme that was needed to break down lactose into parts. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Just one enzyme misfiring, just one wrong protein activation, and you could have cancer. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks 2010-02-02T00:00:00Z We have seen that each step in oxidation is directed and expedited by a specific enzyme. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z The pumpkin enzyme in this treatment exfoliates, while alpha hydroxy acid peels, and aluminum oxide polishes, tackling a dull complexion. The Amazing Beauty Perks Of Pumpkin 2014-10-28T04:00:00Z According to company reports, this enzyme decreases fructans by 50 percent and does not change the taste or texture of the bread. Perspective | Advances could allow people who can’t stomach wheat or gluten to enjoy bread 2019-02-08T05:00:00Z With endorsements like that, it’s no surprise that AST Enzymes, an enzyme supplement manufacturer based in California, said that sales of its products increased by 35 percent last year. Skin Deep: Enzymes, Once Sidelined, Try to Grab the Spotlight 2012-02-22T22:29:32Z Dr. Gregory Curt has said, “Biologically I think of her as an enzyme, a protein that causes reactions that would not happen without it.” T Magazine: Deeda Blair’s Elegance of Conviction 2013-05-31T17:00:11Z The formula contains the fruit enzyme papain as well as zinc, both of which are intended to fight plaque. Beauty Spots: Luxury Oral-Care 2014-04-16T23:19:38Z Our affective enzymes tried to digest the existential distress prompted by the seeming omnipresence of death. Forget Bruno. “Dos Oruguitas” is the "Encanto" song we really need 2022-02-19T05:00:00Z Almost all bourbons also have malted barley, which lends a nutty, smoky flavor and provides enzymes that turn starches into sugars later in the production process. The complex chemistry behind America’s spirit — how bourbon gets its distinctive taste and color 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z "What started as extremely intense upper abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and fatigue took a dark turn with the test results for my liver enzymes," wrote one user on Instagram. Daily Harvest recalls its French Lentil + Leek Crumbles after consumers allege food poisoning online 2022-06-22T04:00:00Z So is adding yeast nutrients, bacteria and enzymes, all intended to ensure the achievement of a wine that will fit predetermined specifications with a minimum of fuss and chance. 12 Wines Under $12: How Low Can You Go and Still Find Values? 2019-04-18T04:00:00Z “For the average American looking to lose weight or improve their digestion, the odds of these enzyme supplements doing this are not high,” he said. Skin Deep: Enzymes, Once Sidelined, Try to Grab the Spotlight 2012-02-22T22:29:32Z Andrews, whose motto is "cure aging or die trying," is pinning his hopes on a 2011 Harvard experiment involving an enzyme called telomerase that successfully reversed aging in genetically modified mice. 'The Immortalists' a vigorous look at quest to reverse aging 2014-12-10T05:00:00Z Try them after a few weeks of enzyme exfoliation with no irritation. Exfoliation Tips for the Best Skin Ever 2018-06-25T04:00:00Z Dr. Neel is starting a company to bring to market his own topical treatment for SKs, one that would theoretically work by inhibiting an enzyme that the lesions need for survival. Making Age Spots a Thing of the Past 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z Actually, those holes are drilled by other mollusks after squirting them with a shell-softener enzyme to allow the predator access to the animal’s innards. This Florida museum offers a hands-on look at the secret lives of shells 2016-04-14T04:00:00Z Compounds called glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, activate enzymes that may help prevent cancer. Forget five a day, eat 10 portions of fruit and veg to cut risk of early death 2017-02-22T05:00:00Z Others are developing pain medicine from cone snail toxin and examining whether biofuels can be developed from the wood-digesting enzymes of ship worms. Oldest US natural history museum offers rare peek 2012-03-25T00:31:04Z And start small with the MCT oil, which used to be given to hospital patients lacking enzymes to digest fat. The Cult of the Bulletproof Coffee Diet 2014-12-12T05:00:00Z Clean up the bathroom with Nature’s Miracle enzyme cleaner. Animal Doctor: What is the most humane procedure for euthanasia? 2017-04-14T04:00:00Z The enzyme is what causes the curds of cheese to separate from the whey—and it cannot be harvested without killing the young animal. 7 common French cheese myths, busted 2023-02-20T05:00:00Z These enzymes, they contend, are critical to the food’s nourishing power. Is raw food better for you? 2015-03-02T05:00:00Z Smell and taste trigger the body to produce enzymes and hormones necessary for digestion. Want to get your kids to stop inhaling their food? Science has your back. 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Some people may be predisposed toward substance abuse by virtue of a systemic enzyme imbalance that results in pathologically low levels of endogenous cannabinoids. Pot: Not just for losers! 2012-08-15T11:44:00Z This chemical change triggers the release of enzymes, which cheat the body by breaking apart high-energy bonds and stealing from its energy stores. A nice place to rest 2012-10-07T20:00:00Z GMO microbial rennet produces a specific enzyme called chymosin, which helps coagulate milk and form curds. What’s the latest on GMOs and gene-edited foods — and what are the concerns? 2023-05-09T04:00:00Z This gene carries the assembly code for an enzyme that clears dopamine from the prefrontal cortex. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z Or, instead of the detergent, try using meat tenderizer — it’s a protein-fighting enzyme, too. How to repair an heirloom radio Inadequate fermentation time and sub-optimal temperature may not produce the enzymes that kill pathogens and prevent toxins. Fermented food: 5 ways to make sure it’s safe for eating 2023-07-13T04:00:00Z It speeds up the action of amylase, an enzyme that breaks down starches into simple sugars. No-Knead Bread, Revisited 2021-05-03T04:00:00Z If the stain persists, try Biz or another detergent that contains enzymes that “eat” protein stains, including blood. How to repair an heirloom radio The droppings, which salon owner Shizuka Bernstein imports from Japan, are said to contain natural enzymes which exfoliate the skin. Bird droppings, bull testicles among pre-Oscar beauty treatments 2013-02-17T14:26:22Z One gene that has been linked to violence regulates the production of the monoamine oxidase A enzyme, which controls the amount of serotonin in the brain. Genetic Basis for Crime: A New Look 2011-06-19T22:33:19Z Another common digestive enzyme you’ve probably heard of is lactase, which breaks down lactose, the natural sugar in milk. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z Glutathione is an enzyme produced by the liver that is involved in numerous processes within the body, including building and repairing tissues, assisting in the natural detoxification process and improving immune system function. A dietitian unpacks the science behind the detox diet fad 2023-01-25T05:00:00Z They have a little carrying tank before their stomach that is full of enzymes and probiotic bacteria that begins the process of making honey. Savannah Bee Company founder answers all of your top questions about honey 2023-06-03T04:00:00Z It also helps to blanch the leaves first, which stops enzyme activity and helps retain that fresh aroma. Bold as brassica: Yotam Ottolenghi’s cabbage recipes 2015-11-21T05:00:00Z These enzymes, and the 27 potential allergens that scientists have identified in wheat, are now firmly in the frame for causing “baker’s lung”, an occupational hazard of bakery factory workers. Not just a fad: the surprising, gut-wrenching truth about gluten 2018-08-07T04:00:00Z Some of these enzymes are found in your saliva and begin to break down food in your mouth so that it is partially digested when it hits your stomach. Want to get your kids to stop inhaling their food? Science has your back. 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z If the alkaline cleaners don’t work, the association recommends trying an enzyme cleaner labeled for use on tile. How to clean old tile grout that’s become unsightly 2016-06-03T04:00:00Z The translucent pink fluid was full of digestive enzymes from slaughtered pigs. Germ warfare: the battle for the key to modern vaccines 2017-02-02T05:00:00Z Proteins are chain-like molecules encoded by genes, which typically fold into compact blobs to function properly as enzymes. Does our immune system hold the key to beating Alzheimer’s disease? 2019-03-03T05:00:00Z Iron is integral to many enzyme functions, helping us digest foods and absorb nutrients. Perspective | The many reasons you need iron in your diet 2017-10-16T04:00:00Z A low-fat diet, along with digestive enzymes and probiotics, would also be helpful. Animal Doctor: Two meals a day, but dog remains underweight 2017-07-21T04:00:00Z The timing is pegged to when your body secretes hormones and enzymes like insulin, lipases and proteases. T Magazine: Get Stuffed 2011-11-10T18:40:07Z If so, taking enzymes orally is essential, because your body doesn’t produce enough of them to break food down into energy and nutrients. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z Raw honey is honey that has not been heated to a temperature that would kill the living enzymes and also hasn't had the pollens filtered out. Savannah Bee Company founder answers all of your top questions about honey 2023-06-03T04:00:00Z In addition, natural enzymes present in foods can also break down the nutrients. Frozen and canned foods can be just as nutritious as fresh produce 2023-03-22T04:00:00Z The new fuel would use recycled emissions, such as from steel plants, which are then converted into ethanol using enzymes found in the poo of rabbits, according to Airline Ratings. Airline hopes that rabbit poo may provide sustainable fuel 2019-06-24T04:00:00Z She further explains, “It’s all got to do with the enzymes in your body.” Don’t apologize, Noah Galvin: Let’s applaud celebrities who dare to speak their mind, not tear them down 2016-06-12T04:00:00Z And since its enzymes break down flour's starch, it helps to release flour's natural flavors, improving the flavor of bagels. So what actually is malt? 2022-02-16T05:00:00Z Plus, blanching helps get rid of an enzyme that aids deterioration. Hey you! Freeze those summer green beans 2021-07-31T04:00:00Z Then an enzyme called rennet is added to curdle the milk. Ever wondered how milk becomes cheese? 2015-05-15T04:00:00Z About 20 years ago some enzyme kicked in and I no longer sleep in tents or on a friend's couch. Glamping Adds a Touch of Luxe to the National Parks 2016-08-09T04:00:00Z The cultured yeast, the enzymes and the overuse of sulfur dioxide are all compromises aimed at protecting the investment. 12 Natural Wines to Drink Now 2022-02-15T05:00:00Z Every cucumber carries an enzyme that kills crunch. How to go from green Kirbys to deli-style sour pickles in 3 days 2015-07-02T04:00:00Z As with most cheeses around the world, French cheese is made with rennet, an enzyme found in the stomach of young calves, kids, and lambs. 7 common French cheese myths, busted 2023-02-20T05:00:00Z The Taiwanese students with the slow-acting enzymes sank on the national exam. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z I fell in love with caciofiore, a sheep’s-milk cheese that dates to ancient Rome and is made with enzymes from artichoke blossoms and not animal rennet. How good has U.S. cheese become? Good enough to worry the Italians. 2017-09-29T04:00:00Z Food stains on tea towels will probably be a mixture of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, which the enzymes degrade. Dirty tea towels are breeding grounds for harmful bacteria — here’s how to clean them properly 2023-06-29T04:00:00Z Many are trying a fairly new but growing category of supplements called digestive enzymes, which may help the body break down compounds in food. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z And there are plenty of antifashion statements, like Helen Storey’s dissolvable dress, made of an experimental enzyme. | 'Aware: Art Fashion Identity' 2010-12-06T22:15:00Z It provides the building blocks for essential stuff such as cells, muscles, bone, nails, hormones and enzymes. Is too much protein bad for you? 2016-12-12T05:00:00Z “I looked at some independent companies that sell different enzymes for culturing Camembert or Brie, and I also inoculated with store-bought yogurt.” Vegan Cheese, but Make It Delicious 2021-04-16T04:00:00Z Each Thursday, he also gets a four-hour infusion, called enzyme replacement therapy, at home or at Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago. Webcam wonder: It's Keenan's world, for now 2011-04-18T08:31:04Z But the doctor played by Harrison Ford is a composite character, the time frame is drastically compressed and the pharmaceutical company that develops the life-saving enzyme is a fictional conglomeration. 2010-01-22T03:30:00Z Juicing the entire plant, on the other hand, retains the enzymes and may be more medically beneficial. Marijuana smoothie, anyone? 2013-01-03T16:25:00Z One variant builds enzymes that slowly remove dopamine. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z People born with the fast-acting enzymes “actually need the stress to perform their best.” Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z The enzymes in the drug have been shown to dissolve the collagen that forms most of the plaque, reducing the constriction that creates the bend. Peyronie’s disease: the penis condition that affects one in 10 men 2020-01-13T05:00:00Z Goodman uses locally sourced barley, seasonal fruits and other ingredients, adding a fermentation enzyme to reduce the gluten. Day Tripper: No time for a wine-country overnight? Spend the day sipping on Vashon. 2019-06-06T04:00:00Z It works by blocking the enzyme that allows a sperm to penetrate an egg. Pills, thrills and polymer gels: what's the future for male contraception? 2015-07-06T04:00:00Z "In response to the serotonin level, bacteria would have the ability to control the concentration of serotonin by producing an enzyme that breakdown serotonin if the serotonin level is too high." The bacteria and microbes in your gut can affect your body and mental health 2023-07-13T04:00:00Z For Feiring, natural wine is wine from grapes farmed without synthetic herbicides, pesticides or fertilizers, and wines made without additives such as yeasts, tannins, enzymes, grape concentrates or even oak barrels. 3 of the year’s best wine books for holiday gift-giving 2019-11-21T05:00:00Z Specific types of enzymes break down carbohydrates, proteins or fats. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z He's painfully aware that there's no treatment for Pompe disease, but he has heard about a doctor who's made great strides in enzyme research, which could lead to a breakthrough. 2010-01-22T21:22:00Z Digestive enzymes are released and mix with your food throughout digestion, starting in the mouth and continuing in the stomach, pancreas, liver and small intestine. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z The fast-acting enzymes remove too much dopamine, so the overall level is too low. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z It’s been around since the early 1990s, long before digestive enzymes started trending. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z I am wondering about effectiveness and side effects of enzymes. Heartburn drugs have serious side effects 2015-01-02T05:00:00Z This encyclopedic reference covers wine from “abboccato” – an Italian term meaning “medium sweet” — to “zymase” — enzymes that help convert sugar to alcohol during fermentation. A pair of wine guides to complement anyone who likes to raise a glass 2015-09-18T04:00:00Z A little booster hit of dopamine is normally a good thing, but the big surge brought on by stress is too much for people with the slow-acting enzyme, which can’t remove the dopamine fast enough. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z No vitamins, no minerals, no enzymes, no fiber. 9 shocking facts you need to know about sugar 2014-08-25T04:00:00Z It used to be thought of as a chicken-and-egg problem: DNA makes proteins and DNA needs protein enzymes to replicate. Creation: The Origin of Life/The Future of Life by Adam Rutherford – review 2013-03-27T08:25:00Z The parasite contains an enzyme that creates dopamine, which is associated with risky and impulsive behaviour, among other things, but so far the data is inconclusive. Claws out! Why pop culture clings to the crazy cat lady 2018-04-16T04:00:00Z Then, soak the stain in at least a quart of water with a tablespoon of an enzyme cleaner, and then wash as you normally would. This is the best way to get rid of a coffee stain 2022-06-22T04:00:00Z “These drugs are more fragile because even the newer versions are still based on binding to different combinations of enzymes,” says Dale Boger, a chemical biologist at the Scripps Research Institute. The ‘superantibiotics’ that could save us from bacteria apocalypse 2017-10-23T04:00:00Z This involved dissolving the filler with the help of hyaluronidase, an enzyme, and treating the lips with a fractional radio-frequency device. Skin Deep: Seeking a ‘Middle-Aged’ Look 2013-07-31T15:31:05Z The vaccine, known as AT04A, triggers the production of antibodies that target an enzyme involved in regulating levels of blood cholesterol. Cholestrol-lowering vaccine jab to stop heart attacks could be close 2017-06-20T04:00:00Z "What I want to do is, there are some enzyme that break down or synthesize serotonin," he says. The bacteria and microbes in your gut can affect your body and mental health 2023-07-13T04:00:00Z Figs contain the enzyme ficin that breaks down the female exoskeleton. Are there wasps in the figs we eat? The answer is 'maybe' 2019-11-24T05:00:00Z These supplements typically contain a variety of digestive enzymes such as amylases, lipases and proteases. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z It’s also about what goes on in the rhizosphere, where plant roots interact with minerals, enzymes, immeasurably diverse microbes and other aspects of soil life. Will hydroponics water down the meaning of organic? 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z You may also want to consider selenium, a trace mineral that’s a cofactor in a free radical-quenching enzyme called glutathione peroxidase. Wildfire Smoke Is Hurting Your Skin 2021-08-26T04:00:00Z As I show in the film, millions participated in a video game in order to decipher a complicated enzyme. Werner Herzog Says ‘The Internet Has Its Glorious Side’ 2016-08-18T04:00:00Z The brine often contains a large portion of the good bacteria, enzymes, and vitamins that result from the fermentation. How to make a six-pack of homemade fermented drinks 2021-06-29T04:00:00Z She loves papaya – "It goes with anything, it has natural digestive enzymes and the taste is wonderful" – but it's clear that coconut is her real passion. Love music love food: pop will eat itself 2011-07-15T22:00:00Z Green tea is first treated to destroy the enzyme responsible for the darkening of the leaves. The soothing science of tea steeping 2021-02-09T05:00:00Z When you exercise, the levels of an enzyme called kynurenine aminotransferase build up in your muscles. What does running do to your brain? 2018-06-21T04:00:00Z All cheeses are a combination of four main ingredients: milk, salt, starter culture and rennet, an enzyme that helps turn the ingredient mix into a solid. For a healthy diet, be choosy about your cheese 2016-11-21T05:00:00Z Transglutaminase is an enzyme made by the fermentation of bacteria and added to meat pieces to make them stick together. Battle of the senses 2012-06-10T12:50:00Z So, I wouldn't be exclusive on trying to maintain the enzymes. Savannah Bee Company founder answers all of your top questions about honey 2023-06-03T04:00:00Z The secret ingredient is fructanase, an enzyme that helps the body break down fructans into smaller units, which may be gentler on the stomach. Perspective | Advances could allow people who can’t stomach wheat or gluten to enjoy bread 2019-02-08T05:00:00Z He discovered that the men had inherited a version of a gene that encodes an enzyme called MAOA-L. This is your brain on murder: What the mind of a psychopath looks like 2014-03-09T18:30:00Z Digestive enzymes are proteins your body produces and uses to break down your food into energy and nutrients. Perspective | Why you should be wary of some digestive enzyme supplements 2019-02-18T05:00:00Z The vast majority of gluten-free creations touted as “tummy friendly” contain the same questionable enzymes and additives that food technologists use in the standard, gluten-containing industrial equivalent. Not just a fad: the surprising, gut-wrenching truth about gluten 2018-08-07T04:00:00Z The tubes lure insects with sweet secretions, but once the creatures lose their footing and fall into the tube, enzymes consume them. These stunning plants all have one thing in common: A taste for blood 2017-06-19T04:00:00Z The new cleanses contain about 1,000 to 1,200 a day; there is generally a nut-milk component for fat and a little protein, and vegetable juices for vitamins and minerals and live enzymes. The Juice Cleanse: A Strange and Green Journey 2010-10-27T21:21:00Z The drugs work by inhibiting an enzyme, called PERK, that activates the defence mechanism. Hope for Alzheimer's treatment as researchers find licensed drugs halt brain degeneration 2015-06-30T04:00:00Z “Bridge is a hipster; he would stay up all night researching rennet on the Internet,” Hobbs-Page says, referring to the enzyme used to separate milk into cheese and whey. Her goat-cuddling event went viral. But most days, it’s all about the cheese. 2016-06-20T04:00:00Z Just like apples that turn brown after slicing, eggplants also contain the enzyme polyphenol oxidase. Do you actually need to salt eggplant in advance? 2021-07-28T04:00:00Z There are several enzymes — which are protein molecules that kickstart biological activity — at work in bread. J. Kenji López-Alt explains why a Dutch oven is the secret to a springier, crustier loaf of bread 2020-11-18T05:00:00Z Celebrities including Drew Barrymore and Channing Tatum are followers of a nutritionist who advises taking digestive enzymes every day. Skin Deep: Enzymes, Once Sidelined, Try to Grab the Spotlight 2012-02-22T22:29:32Z Malting simply means soaking the barley until it germinates, which releases enzymes that convert starches to fermentable sugars. Does Blended Scotch Still Have a Place in the Modern Bar? 2018-03-16T04:00:00Z That means organic or biodynamic viticulture and no yeasts, enzymes, tannins or other additives to “correct” the wine. If you want to give a wine club membership, go straight to the source 2016-11-05T04:00:00Z I doubt your dog is being properly nourished, so I would give her digestive enzymes, which a teaspoon of shredded unsweetened pineapple in her food would provide. Animal Doctor: Dirt-eating dog might need nutritional help for diet deficiency 2017-06-26T04:00:00Z Eating adequate amounts of lean protein may also benefit the body's natural system by maintaining adequate levels of glutathione, the body's master detoxification enzyme, or catalyst. A dietitian unpacks the science behind the detox diet fad 2023-01-25T05:00:00Z The enzymes in the pineapple are great for digestion, and the chocolate bars couldn't be easier. How to throw a cheap (but elegant) dinner party 2016-10-20T04:00:00Z There seems to be a trade-off, however, to these slow enzymes, one triggered by stress. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z To determine when our ability to metabolize alcohol was developed, researchers examined a group of enzymes called the ADH4 family which allow humans to digest the substance. We can drink booze because our ancestors were starving 2014-12-02T05:00:00Z In this stir-fry, a group of enzymes in fresh pineapple, bromelain, breaks down the connective tissues of fibrous chicken, turning the otherwise taut meat into slackened nuggets. Three Ways to a Better Chicken Breast 2021-06-04T04:00:00Z It is not completely clear why survivors produce less cortisol, but Yehuda’s team recently found that survivors also have low levels of an enzyme that breaks down cortisol. Trauma can be inherited: Why the descendants of Holocaust survivors suffer altered stress hormones 2015-03-07T05:00:00Z It works because when onions are cut, they release an enzyme called allinase, which, aside from the tear-inducing burn, is not harmful to be around. I chopped 75 pounds of onions a day — here's how I learned to stop crying 2021-10-08T04:00:00Z Drizzled will maintain more of the enzymes in raw honey as cooking can kill the enzymes. Savannah Bee Company founder answers all of your top questions about honey 2023-06-03T04:00:00Z Molecular and genomics tools could be used to identify the enzyme producing species and strains in these fermented foods. Fermented food: 5 ways to make sure it’s safe for eating 2023-07-13T04:00:00Z The other variant builds enzymes that rapidly clear dopamine. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z Some of these wines are like processed foods, laboratory creations in which the product is fabricated with enzymes, yeasts, tannins and other enhancers until the goal is met. Our Critic Wants You to Try These Supermarket Wines 2018-12-28T05:00:00Z In the stomach, germs must also overcome other deadly barriers such as digestive enzymes, entrapping mucus and the ever-watchful immune system defenses. A fruit fly has landed in your wine – is it OK to drink? 2023-08-31T04:00:00Z Work on lactase persistence — the continued ability to produce the enzyme lactase as an adult — illustrates this. It’s time to leave the Paleo Diet in the past: Recent studies have failed to support its claims 2023-05-25T04:00:00Z Know that the enzymes do most of the exfoliating work — no rubbing allowed. Exfoliation Tips for the Best Skin Ever 2018-06-25T04:00:00Z There are proteins and enzymes and complex sugars that are really quite amazing at inhibiting parasites and killing E.coli on contact. A night at the vibrator museum 2012-05-20T00:00:00Z Lactose is the sugar found in milk and dairy products and it needs the enzyme lactase to break it down. Should humans drink cow’s milk? 2016-11-21T05:00:00Z This also inactivates the natural enzymes in the foods, preventing further nutrient loss. Frozen and canned foods can be just as nutritious as fresh produce 2023-03-22T04:00:00Z But the enzymes and other active ingredients in stain treatments and detergents need time to do their work. This is the secret to removing your peskiest stain 2022-07-08T04:00:00Z The team took samples of this enzyme group from 28 species, including 17 primates. We can drink booze because our ancestors were starving 2014-12-02T05:00:00Z Beans contain a type of sugar that is not fully broken down by enzymes. Perspective | Hints From Heloise: The apple pie that isn’t 2017-07-30T04:00:00Z The enzyme is usually present in high levels in the placenta to protect the fetus from the mother’s circulating cortisol. Trauma can be inherited: Why the descendants of Holocaust survivors suffer altered stress hormones 2015-03-07T05:00:00Z The drug works by blocking a brain enzyme called BACE1, which fuels the production of two small molecules that link together to form amyloids. Alzheimer's treatment within reach after successful drug trial 2016-11-02T04:00:00Z Caterpillars release digestive enzymes that tear apart their larval existence. Forget Bruno. “Dos Oruguitas” is the "Encanto" song we really need 2022-02-19T05:00:00Z Researchers and food companies around the world are trying to develop bread without side effects or with health-enhancing components, using newly developed enzymes, novel ingredients and gene editing. Perspective | Advances could allow people who can’t stomach wheat or gluten to enjoy bread 2019-02-08T05:00:00Z The cruciferous vegetables Brussels sprouts and broccoli, for example, contain enzymes that activate certain antioxidants in the vegetables. Is raw food better for you? 2015-03-02T05:00:00Z “For skin that is sensitive, enzymes are wonderful,” Dr. Kolker said. Skin Deep: Enzymes, Once Sidelined, Try to Grab the Spotlight 2012-02-22T22:29:32Z One conserved characteristic is a viral sensing mechanism that relies on a specialized enzyme known as a cyclase. How bacteria recognize viral invasion and activate immune defenses 2023-11-15T05:00:00Z For example, protein cages can confine enzymes that act as catalysts for a target chemical reaction, weathering it from a potentially harsh cell environment. Engineering bacteria to biosynthesize intricate protein complexes 2023-11-15T05:00:00Z Thankfully, our bodies have dedicated enzymes and pathways which can glue our broken DNA back together through several different mechanisms, known as DNA repair pathways. Scientists piece together DNA repair pathway implicated in breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers 2023-11-15T05:00:00Z Researchers in Purdue University's College of Pharmacy are leveraging the dual roles played by an enzyme found in both cancer cells and T cells to create a novel cancer immunotherapy compound. Pharmaceutical compound sounds the alarm on cancer cells and unleashes T cells 2023-11-14T05:00:00Z These compounds often dock onto protein, which usually are enzymes or receptors that trigger a specific chain of physiological actions. AI programs spat out known data and hardly learned specific chemical interactions when predicting drug potency 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z The enzymes enable the bacteria to produce compounds for targeting and breaking up DNA, Gui said. Scientists discover key to a potential natural cancer treatment's potency 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z Using narrow definitions of treatability will focus programs on conditions where treatment such as bone marrow transplant or enzyme replacement therapy cures or prevents the onset of disease. Newborn Genomic Screening Needs to Build the Evidence 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z "What was so beautiful and kind of elegant about the whole discovery is that there are two different enzymes alternating between pathway steps and helping each other out." Scientists piece together DNA repair pathway implicated in breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers 2023-11-15T05:00:00Z Using a cleaving enzyme derived from a family of viruses, the researchers developed a synthetic enzyme that could be directed to cut specific amino acids from Vg1 in the zebrafish embryo. Team creates synthetic enzymes to unravel molecular mysteries 2023-11-09T05:00:00Z FH patients still make some LDL receptors, and Verve’s strategy is to keep those molecules around for longer by altering the liver’s gene for PCSK9, an enzyme that normally removes the receptors from cells. Base editing, a new form of gene therapy, sharply lowers bad cholesterol in clinical trial 2023-11-11T05:00:00Z The enzymes the team discovered have a descriptive, if unwieldy, name. Scientists discover key to a potential natural cancer treatment's potency 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z The researchers found that enzymes responsible for killing cells are also required to remove damaged mitochondrial DNA. Zen and the art of mitochondrial maintenance: The machinery of death makes a healthier life 2023-11-08T05:00:00Z In addition, they inserted enzymes from bacteria to halogenate these natural substances and tested the production in yeast. Yeast cells can produce drugs for treatment of psychotic disorders 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z Regrettably, the key enzyme needed to understand the biochemistry behind the process remained hidden -- and thus the mystery remained unsolved for many years. The mystery of phosphite -- a scientific detective story 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z Making matters worse, ship cooks frequently mix in raw or fermented fish, which are high in an enzyme called thiaminase, which destroys B1. They catch squid for the world's table. But deckhands on Chinese ships pay a deadly price 2023-11-07T05:00:00Z This means the bacterial enzymes pull oxygen from the air and incorporate it into new compounds, without requiring the typical metals or other cofactors to initiate the necessary chemical reaction. Scientists discover key to a potential natural cancer treatment's potency 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z In the absence of these enzymes, defective mitochondria pile up. Zen and the art of mitochondrial maintenance: The machinery of death makes a healthier life 2023-11-08T05:00:00Z Within the first few days, the cream facilitated an immune response by initially helping the skin's own radical scavenging enzymes to recover, then by halting the production of inflammatory proteins. 'Super melanin' heals skin injuries from sunburn, chemical burns 2023-11-02T04:00:00Z They produced a pure culture of this new bacterial strain, in which they were finally able to identify the key enzyme that triggers the oxidation of phosphite to phosphate. The mystery of phosphite -- a scientific detective story 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z It provides us with energy and is used to repair and make muscle, bones, soft tissues and hormones and enzymes. How much protein do I need as I get older? And do I need supplements to get enough? 2023-11-06T05:00:00Z "The two enzymes described in the current study are highly unusual." Scientists discover key to a potential natural cancer treatment's potency 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z The team developed a new E. coli strain that produced enzymes that could transform terephthalic acid into compounds such as muconic acid and adipic acid. Plastic-eating bacteria turn waste into useful starting materials for other products 2023-11-01T04:00:00Z "The hydrogen produced inside then travels through channels to exit the enzyme." How to protect biocatalysts from oxygen 2023-10-30T04:00:00Z Nicolai Müller succeeded in clearly demonstrating the enzyme's activity, thereby uncovering the biochemical mechanism behind the key enzyme. The mystery of phosphite -- a scientific detective story 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z "But they have to realize that the yeast gets filtered out, and nothing genetically modified gets into the final product, just flavour compounds, which are little bags of enzymes." Would you drink genetically modified beer? 2023-10-29T04:00:00Z Here, she used the established CRISPR-Cas9 technology and powerful screening platforms available in one of the best scientific environments to define the functional roles of the human NAT enzymes. Researchers solve protein mystery 2023-10-27T04:00:00Z "By studying these enzymes our team was able to develop a new compound that does exactly that." A potentially cheaper and 'cooler' way for hydrogen transport 2023-10-26T04:00:00Z "Selective genetic modifications to an enzyme channel altered the hydrogenase enzyme CpI in such a way that we detected a significant increase in oxygen tolerance and oxygen resistance by electrochemical means," explains Claudia Brocks. How to protect biocatalysts from oxygen 2023-10-30T04:00:00Z Olga Mayans and Jennifer Fleming created a three-dimensional model of its enzyme structure and active centre to understand the reaction pathway. The mystery of phosphite -- a scientific detective story 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z They figured out how to suppress corn genes that code for enzymes known as gibberellin 20 oxidases, which put the biochemical finishing touches on the hormone in particular parts of the plant. How shrinking corn could help farmers—and the environment 2023-10-25T04:00:00Z This is an enzyme that cleaves proteins or peptides. Defect in fruit fly respiratory system may provide insights into human aortic aneurysms 2023-10-25T04:00:00Z They found an industrial microorganism that has the enzymes to make allulose -- it just isn't using them in that way. Scalable production technique for low-calorie sugar substitute 2023-10-24T04:00:00Z A specific enzyme group found in algae and in bacteria can produce molecular hydrogen simply by catalyzing protons and electrons. How to protect biocatalysts from oxygen 2023-10-30T04:00:00Z These chainlike molecules, made from tens to thousands of smaller molecules called amino acids, form things like hair, bones, muscles, enzymes for digestion, antibodies to fight diseases, and more. Physical theory improves protein folding prediction 2023-10-19T04:00:00Z Research for example often involves observing the behavior of carbon or lithium in order to explore the structures of enzymes or processes in batteries. A miniature magnetic resonance imager made of diamond 2023-10-19T04:00:00Z Subsequent biochemical testing showed that none of the 14 discarded candidates were functional enzymes, while four of the six identified by the yeast-based method were functional. Yeast speeds discovery of medicinal compounds in plants 2023-10-18T04:00:00Z The saltwater causes bacteria to release an enzyme that blocks the membrane. Welsh Water admits illegally spilling sewage for years 2023-10-18T04:00:00Z However, the enzyme group is so sensitive to oxygen that commercial use of the hydrogen produced by this process as a green energy source is not yet possible. How to protect biocatalysts from oxygen 2023-10-30T04:00:00Z Ruptured cells release enzymes called creatine kinases, which can damage tissues. The Theory That Men Evolved to Hunt and Women Evolved to Gather Is Wrong 2023-10-17T04:00:00Z These nanozymes mimic the activity of peroxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of a substrate by using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent. Researchers develop organic nanozymes suitable for agricultural use 2023-10-16T04:00:00Z Understanding how a plant creates such compounds usually begins with analyzing plant transcriptomes to identify up to hundreds of genes that could potentially code for the enzymes that work together to facilitate production. Yeast speeds discovery of medicinal compounds in plants 2023-10-18T04:00:00Z The bacterium's potential, and its enzyme molecule that breaks down PBS, was discovered by researchers at Hokkaido University, working with colleagues at the Mitsubishi Chemical Group in Japan. Marine bacteria take a bite at plastic pollution 2023-10-16T04:00:00Z Finally, it boosted activity of an enzyme that breaks down serotonin. Low serotonin levels might explain some Long Covid symptoms, study proposes 2023-10-16T04:00:00Z Beyond phages and CRISPR, scientists are developing antibiotic alternatives that harness bacteria-slaying peptides — short chains of protein building blocks— and enzymes, specialized proteins that jump-start chemical reactions. Dangerous ‘Superbugs’ Are on the Rise. What Can Stop Them? 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z Nanozymes are synthetic materials that mimic the properties of natural enzymes for applications in biomedicine and chemical engineering. Researchers develop organic nanozymes suitable for agricultural use 2023-10-16T04:00:00Z To achieve that goal, the team developed a treatment encapsulating an enzyme called lactate oxidase into a tiny nanocapsule that reduces lactate levels and releases hydrogen peroxide in the tumor. Drug-filled nanocapsule helps make immunotherapy more effective in mice 2023-10-11T04:00:00Z They also identified the enzyme responsible for degrading PBS in a specific strain of bacteria called Vibrio ruber. Marine bacteria take a bite at plastic pollution 2023-10-16T04:00:00Z "Consequently, we have amassed an extensive repository of groundbreaking insights, significantly expanding the horizons of potential functions across various categories of proteins, including those with pivotal applications in biotechnology, such as DNA editing enzymes." Doubling down on known protein families 2023-10-11T04:00:00Z On the other hand, the majority of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes are encoded by the nuclear genome, making the function of these two organelles highly interdependent on one another. Epigenetic regulator MOF drives mitochondrial metabolism 2023-10-09T04:00:00Z The authors' findings are supported by experimental protein structures and enzyme assays and hold promise for biotechnological applications in biofuel production. Predator-prey defense mechanisms unlock key to marine biofuel production 2023-10-10T04:00:00Z The chicken ANP32A has 33 more amino acids than the human version, and an avian flu enzyme called polymerase can co-opt it to make new virions. In ‘proof of concept,’ CRISPR-engineered chickens shrug off flu 2023-10-10T04:00:00Z "This enzyme could be used as a decomposition accelerator or catalyst for chemical recycling of collected waste plastics." Marine bacteria take a bite at plastic pollution 2023-10-16T04:00:00Z Also deleted is a housekeeping gene that produces an enzyme that breaks down the toxin MTA. Cancer drug restores immune system's ability to fight tumors 2023-10-09T04:00:00Z Overall, the research team was surprised to find such a diversity of enzymes performing the same reactions. Nature is inventive -- the same substance is produced differently by plants 2023-10-09T04:00:00Z "Using biological materials, whether that be enzymes or bacteria, to create new materials." The hunt for a new way to tackle clothing waste 2023-10-08T04:00:00Z The research has revealed how the attack protein is controlled through a process called phosphorylation, a process in which a phosphate group is added to a protein by enzymes called protein kinases. New discovery may 'unlock' the future of infectious disease and cancer treatment 2023-10-05T04:00:00Z "By exploring the enzyme's activity in degrading other polymers, such as PET, we hope that our work will contribute more widely to advances in plastic recycling technologies," Sawabe concludes. Marine bacteria take a bite at plastic pollution 2023-10-16T04:00:00Z To create their drug candidate, Stone and his colleagues started with the helpful enzyme that's naturally produced by the body to break down MTA and then added flexible polymers. Cancer drug restores immune system's ability to fight tumors 2023-10-09T04:00:00Z Fermented foods are preserved by initiating a fermentation process in which natural lactic acid bacteria and enzymes are formed. Ancient technology turns plant-based cheese into 'something we want to eat' 2023-10-04T04:00:00Z So an enzyme was added that could break down sucrose from the sugarcane juice into glucose and fructose to make succinic acid. New pipeline makes valuable organic acid from plants -- saving money and emissions 2023-10-03T04:00:00Z The bacterium encodes enzymes that can digest complex carbohydrates such as starches, Seal said. Gut bacteria found in wild wolves may be key to improving domestic dogs' health 2023-10-02T04:00:00Z The lipid nanoparticle protects the mRNA outside the cell because, in the blood and everywhere, there are a lot of human enzymes that can degrade the RNA. An mRNA Pioneer Discusses How Her Work Led to the COVID Vaccines 2023-10-02T04:00:00Z "It's already a really good enzyme, but we needed to optimize it to last longer in the body," Stone said. Cancer drug restores immune system's ability to fight tumors 2023-10-09T04:00:00Z There was also the problem of mRNA’s fragility outside of cells: Unpackaged, it was easily chewed up by enzymes, and getting it through cells’ outer walls was no picnic either. Scientists whose work on mRNA paved the way for first COVID-19 vaccines win Nobel Prize 2023-10-02T04:00:00Z When the enzyme was electronically branched on an electrode, they observed the conversion of CO2 to formate with perfect efficiency. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z The tool is an enzyme, AsCas12f, which has been modified to offer the same effectiveness but at one-third the size of the Cas9 enzyme commonly used for gene editing. Small but mighty new gene editor 2023-09-29T04:00:00Z A reduced oxygen level in the body slows down the activity of digestive enzymes, which may contribute to problems with digestion. Why Do Airplane Flights Cause Digestive Problems? 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z "If we injected just the natural enzyme, it would be eliminated within a few hours. In mice, our modified version stays in circulation for days; in humans it will last even longer." Cancer drug restores immune system's ability to fight tumors 2023-10-09T04:00:00Z The team of researchers headed by Gatsogiannis has now shown, for the first time and in atomic detail, how the peroxisomal AAA-ATPase processes other enzymes in order to keep the detox units functioning properly. A close-up of biological nanomachines: Researchers take a deep look at peroxisomal processes 2023-09-27T04:00:00Z At the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Olivier Lemaire, Mélissa Belhamri and Tristan Wagner dissected the microbe to find its CO2-capturing enzyme and measure how fast and efficiently it can transform CO2. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z The advantage of this enzyme is that it is one of the most compact Cas enzymes found to date and less than one-third the size of Cas9. Small but mighty new gene editor 2023-09-29T04:00:00Z They keep the chemical precursor of the toxin separate from the enzyme that catalyzes the last step of the reaction to produce the toxin. The Secret to Beetles’ Unfathomable Diversity 2023-09-27T04:00:00Z Such a target can, for instance, be an enzyme that enables a bacterium to withstand antibiotics or a virus to infect its host. Drug discovery on an unprecedented scale 2023-09-25T04:00:00Z Each of these processes requires a series of specific enzymes. A close-up of biological nanomachines: Researchers take a deep look at peroxisomal processes 2023-09-27T04:00:00Z The Max Planck-scientists undertook the challenging task to isolate the microbial enzyme. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z Chameau is an enzyme that chemically modifies proteins, by which it also plays a part in gene regulation. Sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging: The double role of the enzyme chameau 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z Only when the precursor and the enzyme are released together outside of the cell is the toxin formed. The Secret to Beetles’ Unfathomable Diversity 2023-09-27T04:00:00Z "We show in this study that CD8+ T cells indeed engage this metabolic pathway, and that an extensively characterized metabolic enzyme known as isocitrate dehydrogenase plays a central role in the process," said Ho. Disrupting a core metabolic process in T cells may improve their therapeutic efficacy 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z But when Arabidopsis seedlings sense they're under attack, special enzymes called RNA helicases are produced that unzip the hairpins so the ribosomes can pass through and continue scanning along the mRNA molecule. Unzipping mRNA rallies plant cells to fight infection 2023-09-21T04:00:00Z Once isolated, the scientists characterized the enzyme's properties. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z To answer this question, the scientists investigated which mechanisms are influenced by the enzyme. Sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging: The double role of the enzyme chameau 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z "We have observed that an enzyme in cerebrospinal fluid and in blood is a useful marker for identifying all types of Parkinson's-related diseases with high accuracy," says Oskar Hansson, who led the study. New blood marker can identify Parkinsonian diseases 2023-09-18T04:00:00Z This alters the profile of metabolites in the cells, boosting the levels of molecules that inhibit an epigenetic enzyme known as KDM5 and so changing the deposition of a key epigenetic "mark" on their chromosomes. Disrupting a core metabolic process in T cells may improve their therapeutic efficacy 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z The discovery of such enzymes should help to develop platforms for the cheap and sustainable production of high quality steroid compounds for medical use. Tracking down the formation of cardenolides in plants 2023-09-18T04:00:00Z The electrode-based formate generation from CO2 often requires polluting and rare metals, and that is why they tried to replace these metals with the enzyme extracted in the group of Tristan Wagner at the MPIMM. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z "However, we managed to lower the enzyme levels to around a fifth of its normal levels without affecting viability under normal conditions to study it's role in stress response." Sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging: The double role of the enzyme chameau 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z If it’s more than a moderate amount, a physician might recommend additional blood tests, like those that assesses whether your liver enzymes or blood sugar levels are within a healthy range. I drink alcohol regularly. What can I do to mitigate the risks? 2023-09-18T04:00:00Z They noticed that soldiers had higher levels of a particular protein—an enzyme that degrades juvenile hormone, called juvenile hormone esterase, or Jhe. What turns an ant into a soldier or a forager? It may be all in their heads 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z The scientists tested their findings by modifying plants of the model system Arabidopsis thaliana to produce more CYP87A enzymes. Tracking down the formation of cardenolides in plants 2023-09-18T04:00:00Z The procedure of enzyme binding on an electrode is not always as efficient as expected, but the enzyme from Wagner's research group has specific characteristics that could facilitate the process. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z "Flies with normal enzyme levels survived without food up to 40 percent longer. In the wild, this gives them an advantage, because they can fly around and search for food during this extra time period." Sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging: The double role of the enzyme chameau 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z I can’t remember the details, but I do remember searching the medical literature and finding several references to black cohosh raising liver enzymes to dangerous levels. Black cohosh could be dangerous for your liver 2023-09-13T04:00:00Z When they searched the literature, they found that other hormone-degrading enzymes—such as one called 17-beta-HSD, which degrades testosterone—are present in mouse brains’ endothelial cells. What turns an ant into a soldier or a forager? It may be all in their heads 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z "The discovery of enzymes such as CYP87A can help develop biological platforms for the sustainable production of high-value plant compounds by using other plants for their biosynthesis," says Sarah O'Connor. Tracking down the formation of cardenolides in plants 2023-09-18T04:00:00Z The scientists from Switzerland managed to fix the enzyme on a graphite electrode, where it performed the gas conversion. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z "As this ability is likely a stronger evolutionary driver than the ability to live a long life, the enzyme has been preserved despite its disadvantages," says Imhof. Sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging: The double role of the enzyme chameau 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z To test their hypothesis, the scientists measured an enzyme called CYP46A1 in mice inner ear OHCs because its presence is inversely correlated to the presence of cholesterol. A common plant-based supplement was able to restore hearing in mice. Human ears could be next 2023-09-07T04:00:00Z Study co-author Karl Glastad, a computational and molecular biologist at UPenn, wants to see whether such enzymes affect behavior in other animals with complex social dynamics and community roles, such as naked mole rats. What turns an ant into a soldier or a forager? It may be all in their heads 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z After death, the process of decomposition releases enzymes that can cleave or damage DNA, and additional damage occurs over time depending on the environment in which the body is found. How Archaeological Methods Are Helping Identify Victims of the Hawaii Wildfires 2023-08-25T04:00:00Z The collaborative work provides a new molecular tool to the scientific community: An enzyme converting CO2 by transferring electricity with high efficiency. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z A team led by biologist Axel Imhof has discovered why an enzyme is important for the survival of fruit flies, even though it can shorten their lives under certain conditions. Sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging: The double role of the enzyme chameau 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z Erb’s team set out to devise a simpler approach, creating the “AAA cycle” in which four enzymes in solution harness electricity and use it to convert ADP, added as a reagent, into ATP. Chemists convert electricity into the fuel that powers the body’s cells 2023-08-22T04:00:00Z Several enzymes in the human structure take part in lipid and sugar metabolism, a discovery that implies that despite lacking yolk, the sac still provides nourishment. Three organs in one? Researchers unscramble mysterious roles of human yolk sac 2023-08-16T04:00:00Z As a result, the PCR enzymes used to copy or read the DNA sequence can’t move linearly along the DNA strand. How Archaeological Methods Are Helping Identify Victims of the Hawaii Wildfires 2023-08-25T04:00:00Z "Before us, no one ever tried to study an enzyme from such a methanogen for an electrode-based gas conversion," says Tristan Wagner. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z "When flies are starving, their bodies break down storage molecules such as glycogen and fats. With a defect of the enzyme chameau, this process no longer works as effectively," says Imhof. Sometimes beneficial, sometimes damaging: The double role of the enzyme chameau 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z Other enzymes then modify that chemical further, until a final enzyme remakes the starting compound, restarting the cycle while unleashing the energy in the bond. Chemists convert electricity into the fuel that powers the body’s cells 2023-08-22T04:00:00Z Some of the genes that had the strongest effect on diet, which I find most compelling, are the taste receptor, olfactory receptor and digestive enzyme genes. Your Genes May Influence What You Like to Eat 2023-08-01T04:00:00Z "Similar to the Great Stink, events of foul smell atmosphere causing discomfort to residents have been observed with the increased occurrence, especially with warmer temperatures and heatwaves causing increased bacterial enzyme activities," Mishra pointed out. Unsanitary and deadly: The Great Stink of 1858 may foreshadow our future climate breakdown 2023-07-25T04:00:00Z As powerful as they could be, employing enzymes for large-scale processes would also require similar-scale enzyme production systems, a considerable investment. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z ADM is a leader in agriculture and food processing, making a variety of products, including corn oils, enzymes, and ethanol. In the wake of the East Palestine disaster, other train towns wonder: Are we next? 2023-07-12T04:00:00Z But Erb says his team is already trying to evolve more stable enzymes and protect them inside a gel they can attach to an electrode. Chemists convert electricity into the fuel that powers the body’s cells 2023-08-22T04:00:00Z In gene editing, specialised enzymes cut DNA at specific points along the DNA sequence. The quest to grow the perfect strawberry 2023-06-29T04:00:00Z He confirmed that fresh-cut onions contain enzymes that can help degrade the compounds in a sting. Sleeping better with acupressure bands 2023-06-28T04:00:00Z Yet, for billions of years, some microbes have actively captured CO2 using highly efficient enzymes. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z RNA editing happens when an outside force activates certain enzymes inside the body’s cells that then make chemical changes to the RNA. Octopuses Redesign Their Own Brains When They Get Chilly 2023-06-08T04:00:00Z Osimertinib is what scientists call a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a substance that affects a class of enzymes involved in cell signaling, growth and division. Lung Cancer Pill Halves Risk of Death in Some People 2023-06-08T04:00:00Z The strain identified in Virginia Mason Medical Center’s outbreak in particular has an enzyme that breaks down common types of antibiotics, but other available drugs are still effective, public health teams said. Virginia Mason hospital confirms 2 more deaths among infected patients 2023-06-07T04:00:00Z Much of synthetic biology involves genetic engineering to introduce networks of genes that give cells new functions, such as manufacturing enzymes to make a nonnatural molecule. Synthetic Morphology Lets Scientists Create New Life-Forms 2023-05-31T04:00:00Z Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen together with the Universities of Geneva and Radboud isolated one of these enzymes. Capturing CO2 with electricity: A microbial enzyme inspires electrochemistry 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z Several weeks later, the researchers examined around 60,000 previously identified sites in the animals’ genomes where enzymes edit RNA. Octopuses Redesign Their Own Brains When They Get Chilly 2023-06-08T04:00:00Z Once the nematode’s body absorbs it, the worm modifies it with enzymes, called cytochrome P450s, which in many organisms detoxify foreign molecules. Newly discovered chemical is a highly targeted killer of parasitic worms 2023-05-25T04:00:00Z Last year, a study published in the Lancet journal eBioMedicine offered compelling evidence that a cholinergic enzyme in living infants could be a biomarker, and indicate a newborn's risk of SIDS. Study points to brain abnormality that may explain sudden infant death syndrome 2023-05-25T04:00:00Z The plan is for physicians to check patient liver enzyme levels before beginning the medication, and to continue to check levels intermittently. The FDA approved a new drug for hot flashes. Here’s why it shows ‘a lot of promise’ 2023-05-22T04:00:00Z During embryonic development, an enzyme called telomerase lengthens telomeres in order to allow cells to divide more often. Scientists prevent signs of aging in zebrafish by targeting the gut 2023-05-18T04:00:00Z Food captured in the oral groove enters a food vacuole, where it combines with digestive enzymes. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z They help in metabolism by providing structural support and by acting as enzymes, carriers or as hormones. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z An estimated one out of every three people - and even more among Asian families - in the UK does not have the enzymes to process clopidogrel, because of their genetic make-up. Offer gene test to stroke patients, NHS told 2023-05-18T04:00:00Z Based on that, he had diagnosed himself with Gilbert’s syndrome, a benign condition that is caused by not having enough of the enzymes that break down bilirubin. Why Was This Patient Turning So Yellow? 2023-05-16T04:00:00Z But treating people with telomerase would be risky because of the chance of causing cancer, as well as the difficulty of getting the enzyme into every cell in the body. Scientists prevent signs of aging in zebrafish by targeting the gut 2023-05-18T04:00:00Z Because the movement of small molecules and enzymes is dependent on the presence of water, active growth depends on a relatively high percentage of moisture in the environment. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Additionally, enzymes within plant vacuoles can break down macromolecules. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z It inhibits complex 1, the leading enzyme in a chain of reactions that convert food to energy in cellular organelles called mitochondria. Widely used chemical strongly linked to Parkinson’s disease 2023-05-15T04:00:00Z Another common cause of the destruction of red blood cells is a deficiency of a protective enzyme called G6PD. Why Was This Patient Turning So Yellow? 2023-05-16T04:00:00Z Next, the researchers compared these fish’s gastrointestinal tracts with those of fish they had injected with pieces of messenger RNA encoding an enzyme that reactivates the disabled telomerase gene in the gut. Scientists prevent signs of aging in zebrafish by targeting the gut 2023-05-18T04:00:00Z Calcium ions are used for the heartbeat, the contraction of muscles, the activation of enzymes, and cellular communication. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Ribosomes are enzyme complexes that are responsible for protein synthesis. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z "The next big challenge will be to identify the plastic-degrading enzymes produced by the microbes and to optimize the process to obtain large amounts of enzymes," co-author Beat Frey told CBS News. A newly-discovered microbe that eats plastic in the cold is giving scientists hope 2023-05-13T04:00:00Z Without this enzyme, infections, medications and even some foods can cause red blood cells to hemolyze. Why Was This Patient Turning So Yellow? 2023-05-16T04:00:00Z They wanted to turn off the genes that code for an enzyme called myrosinase, which breaks down the glucosinolates and creates bitterness once the leaf is chewed in a diner’s mouth. Tweaking Vegetables’ Genes Could Make Them Tastier—And You’ll Get to Try Them Soon 2023-05-10T04:00:00Z The major enzymes involved in chemical digestion are shown in the table below. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z During interphase, the Golgi apparatus accumulates enzymes, structural proteins, and glucose molecules prior to breaking up into vesicles and dispersing throughout the dividing cell. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z "In addition, further modification of the enzymes might be needed to optimize properties such as their stability." A newly-discovered microbe that eats plastic in the cold is giving scientists hope 2023-05-13T04:00:00Z BelGioioso, a cheese brand available at major grocery stores across the United States, makes a vegetarian Parmesan that is labeled as such, and Organic Valley grated Parmesan lists vegetarian enzymes in its ingredients. A cheesy, crunchy baked tofu to make right now 2023-05-07T04:00:00Z Whereas Pairwise is snipping out the gene sequences that produce an enzyme that interferes with flavor, Sound Agriculture is programming gene expression. Tweaking Vegetables’ Genes Could Make Them Tastier—And You’ll Get to Try Them Soon 2023-05-10T04:00:00Z It also contains DNA repair enzymes which reverse UV damage, and people who lack the genes for these enzymes suffer high rates of skin cancer. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Antiviral drugs that target enzymes and other protein products of viral genes have been developed and used with mixed success. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The gene reconstructions, reported today in Science, were accurate enough to replicate the enzymes the bacteria produced to help digest nutrients. ‘Lost’ microbial genes found in dental plaque of ancient humans 2023-05-03T04:00:00Z Tip: Most Parmesan is made with animal rennet in processing, but some are made with vegetarian enzymes. A cheesy, crunchy baked tofu to make right now 2023-05-07T04:00:00Z But the classical inhibitor of this vital mitochondrial enzyme was a pesticide used by home vegetable gardeners called rotenone. Twist of fate: What happens when a top Parkinson’s researcher gets the disease 2023-05-04T04:00:00Z The cnidarians perform extracellular digestion in which the food is taken into the gastrovascular cavity, enzymes are secreted into the cavity, and the cells lining the cavity absorb nutrients. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Further breakdown of food takes place in the small intestine where bile produced by the liver, and enzymes produced by the small intestine and the pancreas, continue the process of digestion. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In a recent publication, Madani and colleagues describe a language modeling algorithm that can yield novel computer-designed proteins that can be successfully produced in the lab with catalytic activities comparable to those of natural enzymes. Proteins Never Seen in Nature Are Designed Using AI to Address Biomedical and Industrial Problems Unsolved by Evolution 2023-04-28T04:00:00Z Scientists have long known that just a tiny fraction of our DNA contains so-called protein-coding genes, which make crucial proteins like digestive enzymes in our stomach, collagen in our skin and hemoglobin in our blood. What Cheetahs, Armadillos and Whales Revealed About Human DNA 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z Several mutations in the gene send the enzyme’s activity into overdrive. Twist of fate: What happens when a top Parkinson’s researcher gets the disease 2023-05-04T04:00:00Z These include enzymes, cytokines, and the complement system. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Another enzyme called lipase is produced by cells in the tongue to break down fats. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z For one project, the company used multiple rounds of algorithmic design and optimization to engineer an enzyme with improved stability against degradation. Proteins Never Seen in Nature Are Designed Using AI to Address Biomedical and Industrial Problems Unsolved by Evolution 2023-04-28T04:00:00Z Increasing the acidity inside the vacuole may decrease it outside the vacuole, causing enzymes there to work faster and wear out sooner, which may also help explain the higher death rate among these altered cells. Scientists engineer the first light-powered yeast 2023-04-18T04:00:00Z It has partnered with Biogen, which is now enrolling more than 1000 Parkinson’s patients with and without LRRK2 mutations to see whether an inhibitor of the enzyme slows progression of the disease. Twist of fate: What happens when a top Parkinson’s researcher gets the disease 2023-05-04T04:00:00Z Upon reaching the digestive tract pathogens are destroyed by powerful digestive enzymes. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Bile contains bile salts, which make lipids accessible to the water-soluble enzymes. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Some of the company’s projects include a plant enzyme that can break down a widely used herbicide, as well as enzymes that can convert relatively low-value plant byproducts into useful natural sweeteners. Proteins Never Seen in Nature Are Designed Using AI to Address Biomedical and Industrial Problems Unsolved by Evolution 2023-04-28T04:00:00Z HSP47 recruits an enzyme called thrombin that helps platelets stick together and form clots. How Bears Hibernate without Getting Blood Clots 2023-04-13T04:00:00Z Some target demonstrated biological culprits, for instance boosting activity of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, which can be suppressed in Parkinson’s, or blocking aggregation of toxic alpha-synuclein. Twist of fate: What happens when a top Parkinson’s researcher gets the disease 2023-05-04T04:00:00Z The enzymes are either released into the substrate or remain bound to the outside of the fungal cell wall. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The pancreas secretes bicarbonate that neutralizes the acidic chyme and a variety of enzymes for the digestion of protein and carbohydrates. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In one published study, company scientists showed that they could “resurface” the amino acid-metabolizing enzyme l-asparaginase from Escherichia coli bacteria, altering the amino acid composition of its exterior to greatly reduce its immunogenicity. Proteins Never Seen in Nature Are Designed Using AI to Address Biomedical and Industrial Problems Unsolved by Evolution 2023-04-28T04:00:00Z The microbes in your gut play many important roles: One is that they transform the food you eat into enzymes, hormones and vitamins. How fake sugars sneak into foods and disrupt metabolic health The enzyme it encodes is a master traffic controller, regulating the movement of proteins and compartments called vesicles inside cells. Twist of fate: What happens when a top Parkinson’s researcher gets the disease 2023-05-04T04:00:00Z Next, fluids and enzymes break down the prey and minerals are absorbed by the leaf. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Many of these assist enzymes in their function and, for this reason, are called coenzymes. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Fermentation also activates enzymes in the grain that can break down some of its gluten — although not quite enough to be gluten-free, so it’s not considered safe for people with celiac disease. Is sourdough bread better for you? It depends on the loaf 2023-04-10T04:00:00Z To do its job, the enzyme must co-opt a host intracellular protein, and it is currently more tailored to the avian molecule than its mammalian equivalent. From bad to worse: How avian flu must change to trigger a human pandemic 2023-04-06T04:00:00Z Olaparib works by blocking an enzyme that helps cells repair damaged DNA, thereby preventing cancer cells from growing and spreading while leaving healthy cells intact. Olaparib: Drug to treat inherited cancers offered on NHS in England and Wales 2023-04-05T04:00:00Z The proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are broken down by specific enzymes into smaller molecules and salvaged by the plant to support the growth of other plant tissues. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Minerals perform many functions, from muscle and nerve function, to acting as enzyme cofactors. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z But anchovies contain an enzyme that breaks down thiamine, or vitamin B1, and salmon are becoming thiamine deficient. California Salmon Stocks Are Crashing. A Fishing Ban Looks Certain. 2023-04-03T04:00:00Z Different combinations of mutations in one subunit of the polymerase, PB2, can change the enzyme to work better in mammals. From bad to worse: How avian flu must change to trigger a human pandemic 2023-04-06T04:00:00Z The scientists attached this tag to protein toxins and the gene-editing enzyme Cas9, a large molecular scissors that snips DNA at a location specified by a molecule that guides the scissors to the right place. Bacterial ‘Nanosyringe’ Could Deliver Gene Therapy to Human Cells 2023-03-29T04:00:00Z Many parasitic fungi possess haustoria, as these structures penetrate the tissues of the host, release digestive enzymes within the host’s body, and absorb the digested nutrients. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The enzyme pepsin digests protein in the stomach. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z One, secretase inhibitors, are traditional small-molecule drugs that target an enzyme that produces beta amyloid from a larger protein. Promising Alzheimer’s therapy and related drugs shrink brains 2023-03-28T04:00:00Z Good JuJu laundry strips, for example, use plant enzymes that can be expensive to test and bring to market. Climate solution: Downsize laundry jugs to cut emissions 2023-03-22T04:00:00Z Summers says blocking this enzyme is likely to be safer than targeting SPT, noting that his team deleted the gene for DES1 in rodents without serious side effects. Straight from the heart: Mysterious lipids may predict cardiac problems better than cholesterol 2023-03-15T04:00:00Z For example, your stomach is made of muscle tissue to facilitate movement and glandular tissue to secrete enzymes for chemical breakdown of food molecules. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z To replicate their genomes in the host cell, the genomes of RNA viruses encode enzymes not found in host cells. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Like PCR, Lucira’s product uses enzymes to replicate viruses’ genetic material and amplify it to a level at which it can be easily recognized. New Home Test Can Tell If You Have the Flu or COVID 2023-03-15T04:00:00Z "We can tweak these enzymes by changing the structure of them very slightly - to make them go faster, make them more firm or stable." Could waste plastic become a useful fuel source? 2023-03-13T04:00:00Z When a C. fumosorosea spore lands on an insect, it begins to produce an enzyme that dissolves the hard outer shell of the bug's body, slipping inside. The fungus from "The Last of Us" is being used as a natural pesticide 2023-03-12T05:00:00Z However, plants cannot take advantage of this nitrogen because they do not have the necessary enzymes to convert it into biologically useful forms. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z To convert RNA into DNA, retroviruses contain genes that encode the virus-specific enzyme reverse transcriptase that transcribes an RNA template to DNA. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In this case, spores from the Cordyceps militaris found by mushroom hunter Marian Maxwell had latched onto the butterfly, sent enzymes shooting through its body and taken control of its organs. The fungus from ‘The Last of Us’ does live in WA — but it’s rare 2023-03-10T05:00:00Z However, recycling synthetic fabrics using enzymes is not easy. Could waste plastic become a useful fuel source? 2023-03-13T04:00:00Z Before anything enters a bird's gizzard, an organ for grinding up food, the proventriculus secretes digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid to break down meals. Birds are eating too much of our plastic 2023-03-08T05:00:00Z The role of calcium is twofold: to regulate nutrient transport, and to support many enzyme functions. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Saliva, mucus, and the tears of the eye contain an enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Some people have more of this enzyme than others. We asked experts why cannabis edibles produce such a different high than smoking 2023-03-04T05:00:00Z The team hope their enzymes will reduce the PET in waste textiles to a soup of simple building blocks, ready to be made back into new polyesters. Could waste plastic become a useful fuel source? 2023-03-13T04:00:00Z Furin, an enzyme that humans and some animals possess, is implicated in the ability of the virus to replicate efficiently and easily. The FBI changes its view on the lab leak theory. We asked scientists whether their views changed too 2023-03-03T05:00:00Z This process entails the reduction of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, by means of the enzyme nitrogenase. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This structure contains enzymes that can digest the protective coverings that surround the egg and allow the sperm to fuse with the egg. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The most dramatic breakthroughs involve Rylae-Ann’s disease, which is caused by mutations in a gene needed for an enzyme that helps make neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, the body’s chemical messengers. New gene therapy approaches show ‘breakthroughs’ against rare condition 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z And once inside, the sugar is broken down by enzymes in a process called glycolysis. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z Artificial enzymes can fight the COVID-causing virus by selectively snipping apart its RNA genome, a new study suggests. Lab-Made Enzymes Could Chop Up the Virus That Causes COVID 2023-02-20T05:00:00Z The worms may produce enzymes that digest the host tissues or simply graze on surface mucus and skin particles. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Food is taken into the gastrovascular cavity, enzymes are secreted into the cavity, and the cells lining the cavity absorb the nutrient products of the extracellular digestive process. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Melanie Balbach, a lead scientist on the study, told Salon that the idea of targeting the enzyme started two decades ago in her lab. In a post-Roe world, the quest to create a male birth control drug has a renewed urgency 2023-02-17T05:00:00Z FBP2 encodes an enzyme in muscle cells that catalyzes this reversal of glycolysis. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z But previous DNA- and RNA-based enzymes have struggled to cut long, highly structured molecules such as virus genomes. Lab-Made Enzymes Could Chop Up the Virus That Causes COVID 2023-02-20T05:00:00Z Aside from infertility, their major health issues from lacking the enzyme were increased risk of kidney stones. Quick-acting male birth control drug shows promise in the lab 2023-02-14T05:00:00Z Digestion is extracellular, with enzymes secreted into the space by cells lining the tract, and digested materials taken into the same cells by phagocytosis. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z "What they found was that as soon as the mice are missing that enzyme, they are infertile, and that means that the enzyme plays a crucial role for the fertility of the sperm,"Balbach said. In a post-Roe world, the quest to create a male birth control drug has a renewed urgency 2023-02-17T05:00:00Z In typical muscle tissue, this enzyme takes up small carbon molecules to make sugar. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z Instead they destroy targets by recruiting existing enzymes inside cells—a less precise process that can lead to “off-target” cuts and increased side effects. Lab-Made Enzymes Could Chop Up the Virus That Causes COVID 2023-02-20T05:00:00Z The cells were then sent to Milan, where scientists used a harmless virus to insert a working version of Teddi's faulty gene - the one which should produce her missing enzyme - back into the stem cells. The UK’s most expensive drug saved one sister, but it is too late for the other 2023-02-14T05:00:00Z The worms may produce enzymes that digest the host tissues or graze on surface mucus and skin particles. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Researchers set about to study what the protein or enzyme did in the human body. In a post-Roe world, the quest to create a male birth control drug has a renewed urgency 2023-02-17T05:00:00Z When Olsen and his colleagues looked at what was going on biochemically in cavefish muscle, they found increased levels of both enzymes that store glycogen and those that break it down. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z And they perform better than previous efforts because they form tighter chemical bonds, the researchers say, maintaining their structure and function in conditions where DNA and RNA enzymes unfurl. Lab-Made Enzymes Could Chop Up the Virus That Causes COVID 2023-02-20T05:00:00Z Over the following days the gene-altered cells migrated to Teddi's bone marrow and began producing the enzyme she had been missing since birth. The UK’s most expensive drug saved one sister, but it is too late for the other 2023-02-14T05:00:00Z For example, proteins can function as enzymes or hormones. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Finally, a few years ago, a study found that two human males who were missing the enzyme completely were infertile, but otherwise perfectly healthy. In a post-Roe world, the quest to create a male birth control drug has a renewed urgency 2023-02-17T05:00:00Z Mexican cavefish, in contrast, have modified an enzyme to make their muscles efficient at storing sugar as glycogen, so they can withstand food scarcity yet outswim floods when required. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z But lactose is not fermentable, so it doesn’t get consumed by the yeast, which does not have the lactase enzyme and therefore is just as lactose-intolerant as any of your cheese-avoidant friends. Milkshake IPAs turn a hoppy beer into a drink that feels like dessert 2023-02-08T05:00:00Z But they eat by secreting enzymes and acids that break down organic matter so they can absorb the nutrients they need, making them the planet’s “premier recyclers,” Stamets writes in his foreword. How to (deliberately) grow your own mushrooms at home 2023-02-01T05:00:00Z An example of an enzyme is salivary amylase, which breaks down amylose, a component of starch. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z However, with both studies in mice that target enzymes instead, side effects have been minimal. In a post-Roe world, the quest to create a male birth control drug has a renewed urgency 2023-02-17T05:00:00Z The fact that the enzymes had no visible manufacturing date, certification or label of production origin didn’t faze Lisa, who declined to give her last name. Dubious COVID-19 treatments explode on social media in China 2023-01-25T05:00:00Z Sequenced virus samples from four mink show several changes compared with the bird virus, including T271A, a mutation in the gene for an enzyme, polymerase. ‘Incredibly concerning’: Bird flu outbreak at Spanish mink farm triggers pandemic fears 2023-01-24T05:00:00Z The most dramatic of those breakthroughs involve Rylae-Ann’s disease, which is caused by mutations in a gene needed for an enzyme that helps make neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, the body’s chemical messengers. Promising gene therapy delivers treatment directly to brain 2023-01-23T05:00:00Z Therefore, enzyme function is, in part, regulated by the abundance of various cofactors and coenzymes, which may be supplied by an organism’s diet or, in some cases, produced by the organism. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Around the time the worm’s larva began its transformation, many cells started to produce an enzyme that, in insects, helps activate a molecule called juvenile hormone. How shapeless blobs of cells grow into wriggling worms 2023-01-16T05:00:00Z And that it was actually protective that as human primates, we have the enzymes to metabolize alcohol. Meet the philosopher who believes human civilization wouldn't exist without alcohol 2023-01-17T05:00:00Z Another important factor is hormone-sensitive lipase, an enzyme that releases fat from our fat cells. It’s not just what you eat, but the time of day you eat it 2023-01-10T05:00:00Z An enzyme in the liver called ADH4, or alcohol dehydrogenase 4, breaks ethanol down, which eventually becomes carbon dioxide and water. What happens to your body after you quit drinking, according to experts 2023-01-12T05:00:00Z Excess free energy would result in an increase of heat in the cell, which would denature enzymes and other proteins, and thus destroy the cell. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z A recent review in the journal 3 Biotech evaluated different strategies, such as using drugs to gum up certain enzymes or block the way these bacteria communicate. There's a new STI going around that no one is talking about 2023-01-09T05:00:00Z Unfortunately for the salmon, anchovies carry an enzyme called thiaminase, which breaks down thiamine — a vitamin that is essential to cell function in all living things. California's endangered salmon population plummets amid new threat 2023-01-03T05:00:00Z This enzyme is typically most active at night so it can provide our bodies with energy to keep our organs functioning as we sleep. It’s not just what you eat, but the time of day you eat it 2023-01-10T05:00:00Z It’s not clear that this is the wrong approach, but nutrition experts are now putting more emphasis on the entire food and how its structure, nutrients, enzymes and other components interact with one another. Good news about cheese — it’s much healthier than you thought 2023-01-02T05:00:00Z In stage 1, the enzyme RuBisCO incorporates carbon dioxide into an organic molecule. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Those new proteins might go to your skin, hair, nails or intestinal lining — or they might be used to build muscles, bone, blood cells, digestive enzymes, antibodies and hormones. Our bodies make collagen. Do we need to eat it too? 2023-01-02T05:00:00Z The association also suggests trying an enzyme cleaner, which will attack stains just as it does on laundry. Advice | How to remove mold and bacteria from bathroom surfaces 2022-12-16T05:00:00Z But Garaulet has found that eating late at night suppresses this enzyme — essentially preventing your body from burning fat. It’s not just what you eat, but the time of day you eat it 2023-01-10T05:00:00Z Pancreatitis causes the pancreas to leak digestive enzymes and ultimately "digest" itself. Holiday foods can be toxic to pets – a veterinarian explains which ones and why 2022-12-18T05:00:00Z RNA is naturally very unstable because enzymes that break down RNA are commonly present in nature. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Researchers are looking for enzymes and catalysts that could reduce the energy required. Why It’s So Hard to Recycle Plastic 2022-12-13T05:00:00Z Cooking at a very low temperature allows the enzymes in the meat to act as a natural tenderizer, breaking down any tough tissue. Prime rib beefs up the fun at any holiday celebration | Provided by Snoqualmie Casino 2022-12-15T05:00:00Z It appears those bacteria send a signal that interferes with an enzyme responsible for breaking down dopamine in the brain, causing the neurotransmitter to build up in the brain’s reward center. Gut microbes make mice exercise more. Might they do the same in humans? 2022-12-14T05:00:00Z Other molecules present in the mushrooms, such as amino acids, enzymes, and other chemical compounds may also play a supporting role. Psychedelic startups are betting on synthetic versions of "magic" mushrooms as the future 2022-12-13T05:00:00Z Similar to DNA extraction, RNA extraction involves the use of various buffers and enzymes to inactivate other macromolecules and preserve only the RNA. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Bacteria, microscopic fungi, amoebas, tardigrades and other tiny critters have evolved weapons of mass destruction, such as toxins, biofilms and specialized enzymes, in order to wage war against one another. Microbial "lions" that nibble prey to death form an entirely new branch on the tree of life 2022-12-10T05:00:00Z This protects them from being eaten away by enzymes, says study co-author Karina Sand, a molecular geobiologist at the University of Copenhagen’s Globe Institute. World’s Oldest DNA Discovered, Revealing Ancient Arctic Forest Full of Mastodons 2022-12-07T05:00:00Z In contrast, tumor cells can maintain the lengths of their telomeres by activating an enzyme called telomerase that rebuilds telomeres during each replication. How cancer cells can become immortal 2022-11-24T05:00:00Z Doctors inject an enzyme into the taut cords to try to soften and weaken them so they can be broken and allow fingers to straighten. The ‘most common crippling hand condition’ you’ve never heard of 2022-11-20T05:00:00Z PCR uses a special form of DNA polymerase, the enzyme that replicates DNA, and other short nucleotide sequences called primers that base pair to a specific portion of the DNA being replicated. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In the study, patients received a subretinal injection of a modified virus carrying genetic material encoding components of CRISPR, a DNA-cleaving enzyme, and two RNA strands to guide the protein to its target sequences. Groundbreaking CRISPR treatment for blindness only works for subset of patients 2022-11-16T05:00:00Z The bacteria, he discovered, “protected” the cells by producing an enzyme that breaks down gemcitabine. Bacteria in tumors may promote cancer 2022-11-16T05:00:00Z Bacteria would likely need mutations in both targeted enzymes to dodge the drug, raising hopes that resistance won’t develop easily. News at a glance: A new antibiotic, COVID-19 in Antarctica, and a Venus mission deferred 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z In a medical first, researchers have delivered an enzyme into the womb to treat a fetus’ rare genetic disorder, helping head off heart and muscle defects. Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z Figure 13.14 The stages of phagocytosis include the engulfment of a food particle, the digestion of the particle using hydrolytic enzymes contained within a lysosome, and the expulsion of undigested material from the cell. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z For the first time, doctors have successfully treated a fetus by infusing a crucial enzyme into its minuscule umbilical cord, halting an otherwise fatal inherited disorder known as severe infantile Pompe disease. The Disease Took Zara, Then Sara. Could Ayla Be Saved? 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z When he studied 113 human pancreatic cancer samples, he found bacteria that produced the drug-chewing enzymes in 76% of them—raising the question of whether they contributed to drug resistance in human cancers. Bacteria in tumors may promote cancer 2022-11-16T05:00:00Z Rebounding symptoms are somewhat counterintuitive among those who have received medication that generally reduces the severity of new infections by blocking key enzymes that coronavirus needs in order to replicate itself in the body. COVID symptoms recur more often in those who took Paxlovid, study finds 2022-11-01T04:00:00Z As part of the same clinical trial, the researchers expect to try the in utero strategy on eight different lysosomal storage diseases, and they have already administered enzymes to two more fetuses. Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z Digestive enzymes within the lysosomes aid the breakdown of proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, and even worn-out organelles. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In keeping with the goal, the group reported that since they submitted their results for publication, a fetus was treated with enzymes for another disease, Hunter’s syndrome, before birth. The Disease Took Zara, Then Sara. Could Ayla Be Saved? 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z This carnivorous plant keeps enzymes in its little pitchers, also known as pitfall traps, to digest caterpillars, flies and others who fall prey. Inside UW’s new greenhouse and its rare and exotic collection 2022-10-29T04:00:00Z They then used that enzyme to construct all the RNAs needed to make a ribosome, the cellular machine responsible for constructing proteins. ‘Mirror-image’ protein factories could one day make durable drugs the body can’t break down 2022-10-26T04:00:00Z Because the blood-brain barrier closes as children age, the enzyme therapy will eventually stop reaching their brains, which could lead to damage. Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z For example, surface receptors of the membrane create changes in the interior, such as changes in enzymes of metabolic pathways. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z There are rare genetic conditions known as lysosomal storage diseases, in which a missing enzyme leads to an accumulation of toxic substances in cells. The Disease Took Zara, Then Sara. Could Ayla Be Saved? 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z They hoped to find new enzymes that could be used to make biodegradable plastic. Odd cave bacterium forms a multicellular ‘body,’ like plants and animals 2022-10-18T04:00:00Z But to make the three much longer ribosomal RNA fragments in mirror-image form they needed a molecular machine that could crank them out—a polymerase enzyme. ‘Mirror-image’ protein factories could one day make durable drugs the body can’t break down 2022-10-26T04:00:00Z The girl, who cannot make the enzyme on her own, is now a seemingly healthy 16-month-old who has escaped the fate of two of her siblings. Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z The fluidity of the plasma membrane is necessary for the activities of certain enzymes and transport molecules within the membrane. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z A few of these diseases — including severe infantile Pompe — can be treated by infusing the missing enzyme starting immediately after birth. The Disease Took Zara, Then Sara. Could Ayla Be Saved? 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z But these mutations seem to have had little effect; they are probably markers of where human antiviral enzymes have snipped at the virus in attempts to deactivate it, the researchers said. What Does the Future of Monkeypox Look Like? 2022-10-13T04:00:00Z But an analysis of T7s x-ray crystal structure showed the enzyme could likely be split into three sections, each stitched from short segments. ‘Mirror-image’ protein factories could one day make durable drugs the body can’t break down 2022-10-26T04:00:00Z The girl in this study, named Ayla, has Pompe disease, which results when a child inherits from both parents a defective gene for an enzyme that breaks down glycogen, a form of starch. Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z Both integral and peripheral proteins may serve as enzymes, as structural attachments for the fibers of the cytoskeleton, or as part of the cell’s recognition sites. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z But as irreversible damage can start before birth, Dr. MacKenzie wondered if she could treat fetuses with these diseases by infusing enzymes through the umbilical cord into their bloodstream. The Disease Took Zara, Then Sara. Could Ayla Be Saved? 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z They've discovered two enzymes in the liquid that can degrade polyethylene at room temperatures and believe it's the first time that such an effective agent has been found in nature. 'Humble' worm saliva can break down tough plastic 2022-10-04T04:00:00Z As advertised, the drug is lowering levels of an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase in their blood, and that should be a sign of healing for their autoimmune disease, called primary biliary cholangitis. Pharma-funded FDA gets drugs out faster, but some work only ‘marginally’ and most are pricey 2022-10-03T04:00:00Z In utero enzyme replacement therapy seemed like “lower hanging fruit that had been overlooked,” Mackenzie says. Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z Hydrogen peroxide is safely broken down by peroxisomal enzymes into water and oxygen. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The F.D.A. then suggested Dr. MacKenzie propose a clinical trial that would include any fetuses with severe lysosomal storage diseases with an approved enzyme replacement. The Disease Took Zara, Then Sara. Could Ayla Be Saved? 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z "We also want to know why a humble worm has these amazing enzymes, what's the use of them in their daily life," said Dr Arias. 'Humble' worm saliva can break down tough plastic 2022-10-04T04:00:00Z But “no one knows for sure,” Han said, whether less enzyme means they won’t get liver cancer or cirrhosis in the long run. Pharma-funded FDA gets drugs out faster, but some work only ‘marginally’ and most are pricey 2022-10-03T04:00:00Z Providing the enzyme to a fetus might train its still-developing immune system to accept the synthetic protein rather than make antibodies that block it, as babies receiving GAA after birth often do. Enzyme treatment given directly to fetus prevents symptoms of rare genetic disease 2022-11-09T05:00:00Z Without enzymes to speed up these reactions, life could not persist. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z |
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