| 单词 | crustal |
| 例句 | The hope was to lower a drill through 14,000 feet of Pacific Ocean water off the coast of Mexico and drill some 17,000 feet through relatively thin crustal rock. A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z At first people called them "crustal blocks" or sometimes "paving stones." A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z As these vast crustal rafts drifted across the globe, so landscapes and life adjusted. Supercontinent: how the world is moving together 2013-06-09T17:00:00Z This colossus of crustal upheaval is at the center, though it’s not the star, of Jon Mooallem’s nonfiction account of a handful of quirky characters who rose to the occasion on that dreadful Friday. In a Time of Crisis, Her Voice Was the One That Galvanized Alaska 2020-03-24T04:00:00Z Historically, they noted, the lakes have periodically shrunk and grown dramatically, to sizes even larger than seen today, perhaps because of crustal movements. In Kenya, flooding lakes have displaced thousands. A novel lawsuit blames climate change 2023-10-26T04:00:00Z This activity can form wrinkle ridges on the surface—protruding ridges hundreds of kilometers long that are associated with fairly shallow crustal activity. ‘Monster Quake’ Hints at Mysterious Source within Mars 2023-10-17T04:00:00Z “But the big unknown is these crustal faults.” New massive earthquake threat to Seattle revealed in ancient trees 2023-09-26T04:00:00Z The investigation of crustal spreading and subduction zones has unveiled the movements of tectonic plates and offered insight into the genesis of dangerous earthquakes. Today’s Deep-Sea Explorers Are Mineral Miners and Ultrawealthy Hobbyists 2023-06-20T04:00:00Z The East and North Anatolian and the San Andreas are all transform faults, products of the stresses that build at the boundary where one of the Earth’s large crustal plates slowly moves past another. Turkey’s Earthquake Zone Is a Lot Like California’s. Here’s What That Means. 2023-02-27T05:00:00Z In some cases the destruction from strike-slip earthquakes is more widespread than from larger quakes that occur in so-called subduction zones, where one large crustal plate is sliding beneath another. Hours after the first quake, the region was hit by an unusually large aftershock. 2023-02-06T05:00:00Z But the velocity data suggests the crustal rocks in both hemispheres are of similar density. When Meteors Shook Mars, NASA Was Listening and Watching 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z The crustal fault zones near Seattle run directly under densely populated areas including Tacoma and Olympia and are much shallower than the Cascadia fault zone. New massive earthquake threat to Seattle revealed in ancient trees 2023-09-26T04:00:00Z These crustal rocks, both oceanic and continental, typically have densities of about 3 g/cm3. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Based on analysis of data points including seismic activity and crustal movements, the agency later said that a large-scale eruption was not imminent on Sakurajima. Western Japan volcano, Sakurajima, erupts; alert level raised 2022-07-24T04:00:00Z The fact that the plates include both crustal material and lithospheric mantle material makes it possible for a single plate to be made up of both oceanic and continental crust. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This map shows the rates of vertical crustal movement worldwide. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z For the planet as a whole, the researchers estimate a crustal thickness of up to 72 kilometers, several dozens of kilometers thinner than predicted. InSight Lander Makes Best-Yet Maps of Martian Depths 2021-07-22T04:00:00Z Our planet’s geology is dominated by plate tectonics, in which crustal plates move slowly in response to mantle convection. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z If Mars’s current rate of atmospheric loss is the same as it was long ago, then the figure of crustal hydration is likely closer to the 99 percent estimate, Scheller says. Water on Mars May Be Trapped in the Planet's Crust, Not Lost to Space 2021-03-18T04:00:00Z The mafic magma produced adjacent to the subduction zone rises to the base of the continental crust and leads to partial melting of the crustal rock. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Also, note that crustal depression has also occurred in adjacent regions as subcrustal material displaced by isostatic lowering from the weight of the ice has flowed back in under the rebound. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Though the exact process behind this crustal winnowing remains uncertain, Tang and his colleagues contend that the change could come, in part, from a slowdown in plate tectonics. Earth’s mountains may have mysteriously stopped growing for a billion years 2021-02-11T05:00:00Z They are basically tectonic cracks, produced by the same crustal tensions that caused the Tharsis uplift. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Beyond lowering CO2, the crustal slowdown would have reshaped Earth’s surface. Slowdown in plate tectonics may have led to Earth’s ice sheets 2020-12-22T05:00:00Z Transform boundaries exist where one plate slides past another without production or destruction of crustal material. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The basins and ranges referred to in the name are horsts and grabens, formed by normal fault blocks from the crustal extension, as discussed in chapter 2 and chapter 9. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z “In small volcanoes, the magma that ascends is kind of at the mercy of preexisting crustal structures,” Lerner says. Faraway Magma Reservoirs Complicate Volcano Monitoring 2020-10-07T04:00:00Z On Earth, this crustal compression results from collisions of one continental plate with another. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Tectonic force raises mountains by crushing and piling up crustal rocks. Mountain height might be controlled by tectonic force, rather than erosion 2020-06-10T04:00:00Z Magmas derived from crustal material are dominated by oxygen, silicon, aluminum, sodium, and potassium. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Partial melting also occurs as existing crustal rocks melt in the presence of heat from magmas. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Normal faults occur when crustal motion pulls apart two blocks of rock, causing one to slip downward. Exchange: Arizona earthquakes reveal a state on shaky ground 2020-02-22T05:00:00Z We see part of a very active region in California where one crustal plate is sliding sideways with respect to the other. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z There is evidence that crustal stress is indeed almost neutral near some subduction zones10, but it is not clear whether it is commonly neutral beneath high mountains. Mountain height might be controlled by tectonic force, rather than erosion 2020-06-10T04:00:00Z There it contributes to partial melting of crustal rock, and thus it assimilates much more felsic material. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Some volcanoes are created at continental rifts, where crustal thinning is caused by diverging lithospheric plates, such as the East African Rift Basin in Africa. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Geologists used to think large crustal fault quakes in Washington struck very rarely — only every thousand years or so, on average. Friday earthquakes on a crustal fault show it’s not only the ‘Big One’ we should fear 2019-07-12T04:00:00Z These craters are so large that they sample several layers of Vesta’s crustal material. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Dielforder and colleagues’ work suggests that much observational and theoretical research is needed to understand crustal stress and strength if we hope to resolve the issue of mountain height. Mountain height might be controlled by tectonic force, rather than erosion 2020-06-10T04:00:00Z That magma, now intermediate in composition, continues to rise and assimilate crustal material; in the upper part of the crust, it accumulates into plutons. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In areas of continental glaciation, the crust is depressed isostatically by crustal loading from the weight of thick glacial ice. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z The local subduction zone, plus Basin and Range crustal stretching and faulting, also produces active volcanoes. Oregon Is About to Get a Lot More Hazardous 2019-07-07T04:00:00Z Both were the result of widespread lava eruptions without the crustal spreading associated with plate tectonics. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z The prevailing theory holds that the moon once had a liquid iron core that churned like Earth's before it solidified and imprinted its vanishing field in the crustal rocks. Israeli lander pioneers private flights to the moon 2019-03-28T04:00:00Z They are called “porphyry” because upper crustal stocks are typically porphyritic in texture, the result of a two-stage cooling process. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Volcanism caused by crustal thinning without continental rifting is found in the Basin and Range Province in North America. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z The fate of crustal material recycled in the mantle, however, is unknown. High-pressure experiments cast light on deep-Earth mineralogy 2019-01-08T05:00:00Z List the possible interactions between Earth’s crustal plates that can occur at their boundaries. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Many studies have reported changes in extensional faulting and in crustal and upper-mantle hydration along subduction zones, and several competing factors have been proposed to contribute to these changes7,11,12. Water takes a deep dive into an oceanic tectonic plate 2018-11-13T05:00:00Z This typically leads to partial melting of the surrounding rock because most such magmas are hotter than the melting temperature of crustal rock. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Relatively young cinder cones of basaltic lava can be found in south-central Utah, in the Black Rock Desert Volcanic Field, which is part of the zone of Basin and Range crustal extension. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z The findings promise to facilitate the use of seismic waves to track crustal rocks in the mantle. High-pressure experiments cast light on deep-Earth mineralogy 2019-01-08T05:00:00Z Streig says the quake would be a short crustal earthquake, and it “would be strong enough to knock you off your feet.” Mt. Hood fault lines could trigger quake, researchers say 2018-10-22T04:00:00Z When this seawater meets the Earth’s molten magma it gets superheated and rises up through holes or vents in the sea floor, carrying with it minerals leached from the crustal rock below. Smoking Ocean Vents Found in Surprisingly Shallow Water 2018-06-21T04:00:00Z The mantle and crustal processes that take place in areas of volcanism are illustrated in Figure 4.4. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Such waves are called tsunamis and, in the case of earthquakes, are created when a portion of the seafloor is suddenly elevated by movement in the crustal rocks below that are involved in the earthquake. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z The area of emerged crust influences global climate feedbacks and the supply of nutrients to the oceans8, and therefore connects Earth’s crustal evolution to surface environmental conditions9,10,11. Rapid emergence of subaerial landmasses and onset of a modern hydrologic cycle 2.5 billion years ago 2018-05-22T04:00:00Z It’s known for frequent volcanic and seismic activity caused by the colliding of crustal plates. Kilauea volcano eruption in Hawaii raises West Coast fears 2018-05-13T04:00:00Z K.M.C. developed the crustal evolution model and wrote the paper; all authors read the paper and contributed comments. Primordial clays on Mars formed beneath a steam or supercritical atmosphere 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z As shown on Figure 4.15, there is evidence of crustal magma chambers beneath all three active Hawaiian volcanoes. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Tests on the rhyolite reveal that the most simple explanation - that the magma incorporated some high-silica crustal rock - isn't the right one. Treat Bag Geology 2017-10-28T04:00:00Z The 1985 quake and the one on Tuesday occurred in the same subduction zone, an area where one of the earth’s large crustal plates is sliding under another. Mexico City Quake Jolts Complacency Over Code Enforcement 2017-09-23T04:00:00Z Starting in South Island's North Canterbury region, the crustal failure moved eastwards and northwards along the coast to Marlborough Province, before then petering out offshore. Kaikoura: 'Most complex quake ever studied' - BBC News 2017-03-23T04:00:00Z To see how oceans behaved further back in time, geologists must try to reconstruct the three-dimensional geometry of long-vanished crustal plates. The fiery birth of Earth's largest ocean exposed 2016-07-26T04:00:00Z As they accumulate, they push down the pre-existing crustal rocks. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This is consistent with precipitation patterns predicted by climate models of a Mars without the Tharsis Bulge, on which the crustal dichotomy dictated drainage patterns. A New Look at Ancient Mars 2016-03-02T05:00:00Z They are central parts of a planetary heat engine that continually rearranges the Earth’s two dozen or so large crustal plates. Richard P. Von Herzen, Explorer of Earth’s Undersea Furnaces, Dies at 85 2016-02-08T05:00:00Z These repeating earthquakes happen on the geological fault where two crustal plates meet. In Japan, small shakes presage big quakes 2016-01-27T05:00:00Z The source of all of this activity is the slow churning of Earth’s molten interior, which continually rearranges the planet’s two dozen or so large crustal plates. The 40,000-Mile Volcano 2016-01-12T05:00:00Z At divergent boundaries and oceanic mantle plumes, where there is little interaction with crustal materials and magma fractionation to create felsic melts does not take place, the magma tends to be consistently mafic. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z NASA’s Dawn craft flies over Gerber Catena, a crater chain on Ceres, revealing a crustal groove that’s indicative of past geological stress. Week's Best Space Pictures: Enceladus' Faces and Space Jets 2015-12-25T05:00:00Z It is the interaction of charged particles from the sun with the weak crustal magnetic field that was likely responsible for the light show. Here's What Killed Mars 2015-11-05T05:00:00Z “The main point is that the crustal bathymetry is complex,” says David Lund, a paleoceanographer at the University of Connecticut, Avery Point, who was not involved with the study. Climate cycles didn’t shape ocean’s abyssal hills 2015-10-15T04:00:00Z As things progress, the agitation between the eyes rises farther up the forehead, creating a series of concentric arcs that suggest geological diagrams: ocean ridges, crustal folding. Ellen Page Goes Off-Script 2015-10-01T04:00:00Z Figure 7.16 b: Regional metamorphism of oceanic crustal rock on either side of a spreading ridge. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z NASA’s Dawn craft flies over Gerber Catena, a crater chain on Ceres, revealing a crustal groove that’s indicative of past geological stress. Week's Best Space Pictures: Enceladus' Faces and Space Jets 2015-12-25T05:00:00Z Geologists have long debated when and how convection began in the primordial planet, resulting in the loss of heat to space as crustal plates shuffled around. Earth's ancient magnetic field just got a lot older 2015-07-29T04:00:00Z There are geologic features we saw this week on both small planets that indicate crustal motion and not just mere passive cratering of a dead surface. Plutonium Propels Spacecraft To A Close Encounter With Pluto 2015-07-16T04:00:00Z The quake in question, as is commonly the case for quakes of this magnitude, was caused by one of the Earth’s crustal plates sliding under another. Knowing the drill 2015-07-02T04:00:00Z Oceanic crustal rock can be metamorphosed near the spreading ridge where it was formed, but most other regional metamorphism takes place in areas where mountain ranges have formed, which are most common at convergent boundaries. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z NASA’s Dawn craft flies over Gerber Catena, a crater chain on Ceres, revealing a crustal groove that’s indicative of past geological stress. Week's Best Space Pictures: Enceladus' Faces and Space Jets 2015-12-25T05:00:00Z Some experts warn recent quakes and volcano eruptions may be signs that areas near the country are entering an active phase of crustal changes. Japan on alert after powerful earthquake in Pacific 2015-05-31T04:00:00Z Geologic features indicate crustal motion of an active planet, and not just mere passive cratering of a dead surface. Plutonium Propels Spacecraft To A Close Encounter With Pluto 2015-07-16T04:00:00Z The areas in color appear to be zones of recent uplift resulting from crustal shortening. How The Deadly Nepal Earthquake Happened [Infographic] 2015-04-27T04:00:00Z When mountains erode, those metamorphic rocks are uplifted by crustal rebound. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Deep Borehole Disposal uses a combination of the natural properties of deep crustal rocks plus engineered barriers like asphalt, bentonite and concrete to isolate waste for geologic time. Can't We Just Throw Our Nuclear Waste Down A Deep Hole? 2015-03-05T05:00:00Z What’s more, the predicted thicknesses of the two crustal segments matched the real values observed on Mars almost exactly. Giant Asteroid Collision May Have Radically Transformed Mars 2015-02-25T05:00:00Z Plate tectonics helps by pushing crustal elements and minerals down to new pressure conditions. Mineralogy of Newfound Planets Could Point to Habitability 2014-06-25T04:00:00Z This fault system may also mark the top of the fluid lower crustal channel below Tibet. How The Deadly Nepal Earthquake Happened [Infographic] 2015-04-27T04:00:00Z Mantle rock is generally denser and stronger than crustal rock and both P- and S-waves travel faster through the mantle than they do through the crust. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Moser thinks partially cooled magma leaked into crustal rocks that oozed in like toothpaste to plug the crater, creating the layered foliation. Earth's Oldest and Biggest Crater Yields New Secrets 2014-04-29T22:00:00Z The Mojave crater formed on an ancient terrain on Mars, and so the shergottites represent old martian crustal material. [Report] The Source Crater of Martian Shergottite Meteorites 2014-03-20T18:26:22.149Z Sedimentary rocks examined by the Curiosity rover at Yellowknife Bay, Mars, were derived from sources that evolved from an approximately average martian crustal composition to one influenced by alkaline basalts. [Research Article] Elemental Geochemistry of Sedimentary Rocks at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars 2014-01-23T19:25:10.596Z Dr. Van Gosen said that most of the Eastern deposits were linked to an ancient crustal boundary, perhaps a billion years old, that underlies mountain ranges like the Appalachians. Well: Landscapes Tainted by Asbestos 2014-01-17T05:01:37Z As the technique evolved, and the amount of energy was increased, it became possible to see through the sea-floor sediments and map the bedrock topography and crustal thickness. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Mapping crustal "magnetization" at high resolution will help to characterize geological provinces and identify mineral and ore deposits, he says. Mission to Map Earth's Magnetic Field Readies for Take-off 2013-11-21T23:15:00.470Z Alaska also has some of the most complex geology in North America, with the Pacific crustal plate slamming into and diving under the continent. Nationwide Seismic-Monitor Array Nears Completion 2013-11-05T22:45:00.623Z It was one thing to say that the oceans were widening, another to link it to global crustal motion. Earth science: How plate tectonics clicked 2013-09-04T17:20:26.893Z As Science paper co-author and planetary scientist Jay Melosh explains, the crustal rock on the surface has a relatively low density, like meringue. The Awesome Explanation for the Moon's Gravity 2013-05-31T11:05:23Z North of Boston, the coast becomes rocky, partly because that area has been affected by post-glacial crustal rebound. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Separating crustal from mantle geoneutrinos is crucial, says Steve Dye, a physicist at Hawaii Pacific University in Honolulu, as “the mantle is really what contributes to the rate of cooling of the planet”. Detectors zero in on Earth’s heat 2013-04-03T17:20:20.957Z Instead, it’s the crustal region that produced NWA 7034 that seems a better representative of the rest of Mars and thus holds more information about the planet’s history. All-Wet Meteorite Arrives from Mars 2013-01-04T07:30:00Z Other seismologists demonstrated that in deep-ocean trenches, slabs of crust were indeed being driven into the mantle, and geophysicists worked out how these crustal 'plates' move and relate to the features of continental geology. Earth science: How plate tectonics clicked 2013-09-04T17:20:26.893Z The Moon’s overall crustal density suggests that in fact they are. All Cracked Up: A Surprising Look Inside the Moon 2012-12-06T13:50:20Z Vesta's crustal rock contains much less iron than does lunar rock, he explains. The Eternal Youth of Asteroid Vesta 2012-10-31T19:40:30Z The melting erased the original dynamo imprint, but as that rock cooled, the surrounding crustal imprint lingering from the time of an active dynamo would have in turn imprinted itself on the future meteorite. Vesta: The Mini-Planet That Could Magnetize 2012-10-11T22:19:31Z “The crustal thickness is an amazingly evocative clue about the origin of the Moon,” says Elkins-Tanton. Tandem Satellite Mission Reveals a Thinner Lunar Crust 2012-09-17T17:15:00.180Z There were substantial differences of opinion about crustal mobility among scientists in the 1920s. Earth science: How plate tectonics clicked 2013-09-04T17:20:26.893Z And in less than a hundred miles, I’ll show you some of the wildest crustal contortions you ever did see. M lange et Trois: A Trip Across Subduction Zone Madness 2012-03-07T22:15:00.213Z For example, the profound crustal changes at the end of the Mesozoic were not accompanied by widespread glaciation so far as is yet known, although the temperature appears to have been lowered. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z It appears that some peculiarities of the structure and local crustal stresses in this region mean that some thrust faulting is still happening here. A geologist-eye view of the Van earthquake 2011-10-27T18:45:00.173Z Professor C. Lapworth has generalized the grand features of crustal relief in a scheme of attractive simplicity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z Acceptance that large crustal motions were a reality soon followed, culminating in the theory of plate tectonics. Earth science: How plate tectonics clicked 2013-09-04T17:20:26.893Z Before then, they say, there's no evidence that crustal plates were being carried from the shallow depths where they formed to great depths. Deep Diamonds Shed Light on Ancient Continental Movements 2011-07-21T19:00:00Z Apparently earthquakes and crustal movements are somehow related to sudden changes in the load imposed on the earth's crust by meteorological conditions. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Rough terrains of the white crustal rock, called lunar highlands, remain and are the likely sources of white rock chips at Tranquility Base and elsewhere. JFK's 1961 Speech Launched Space Exploration to New Heights 2011-05-25T14:09:00Z The fundamental conception of geography is form, including 620 the figure of the earth and the varieties of crustal relief. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z He believed that the solid Earth was too rigid to permit mantle convection and crustal motion. Earth science: How plate tectonics clicked 2013-09-04T17:20:26.893Z Simons and his colleagues combined seismic data recorded around the world, crustal movements on Japan recorded by GPS, and tsunami waves recorded at buoys at sea. [News Focus] Seismology: New Work Reinforces Megaquake's Harsh Lessons in Geoscience 2011-05-19T18:25:10.737Z This might set up a state of strain which would ultimately have to be relieved, thus perhaps initiating profound crustal movements. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Geophysicist Seth Stein of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, takes the dearth of crustal deformation as a good sign. Expert Panel: Central U.S. Faces Real Threat of Quake 2011-04-25T21:44:08Z The dominant forms result from crustal movements, the subsidiary from secondary reactions Geology and land forms. during the action of the primitive forms on mobile distributions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z Now, a study published online today in suggests a link between the quartz content of crustal rocks and large-scale deformations such as mountain ranges. Quartz Fingers Weak Spots in Earth's Crust 2011-03-16T19:00:00Z The Pasadena, California, research group is using data from Japan to help scientists forecast follow-on shifts in crustal plates. Japan ‘Big One’ Raises Quake Risk for Years, Scientists Say 2011-03-14T11:21:28Z From this has arisen the doctrine of isostasy, or of the equalization of crustal pressure. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Associated, no doubt, with the crustal movements which closed the Cretaceous and inaugurated the Eocene period, there were local and intermittent manifestations of volcanic activity throughout the period. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Its sensors will monitor earthquake dynamics in greater detail, including tsunamis and crustal processes. The Cyber Sea: World's Largest Internet Undersea Science Station Boots Up [Slide Show] 2011-01-10T07:46:13.063Z "I think it's more likely that crustal relaxation from the erosion of the ancient Appalachian Mountains is the probable cause." Md. quake is a creak in annals of seismic events 2010-07-17T04:00:00Z The A.H.O. survey expeditions, here on Vesta and on other similar asteroids which were crustal chips of the original planet, had done their work well, pathfinding a means of survival here. Asteroid of Fear Thus the erosion and deposition due to climatic variations presumably play their part in crustal deformation chiefly by producing crustal stresses, while the storms, as it were, strike sharp, sudden blows. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z If the coast-line runs parallel to a mountain range, such as the Andes, it has usually a more regular form than when, as in the rias coast of west Brittany, it crosses the crustal folds. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" He does not allow the "crustal relief" to have the upper hand in the matter. The Heart of Nature or, The Quest for Natural Beauty As on the Moon, the water came mostly from gypsum rock or occasionally from soil frost, both found on nearby crustal asteroids. The Planet Strappers The lines most conspicuous in the telescope are, in short, those which have been favoured by a combination of circumstances as reviewed above, among which crustal features have, in some cases, played a part. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays Nevertheless climatic changes might occasionally set the date when the gravitative pull would finally overcome inertia, and thus usher in the crustal movements that close old geologic periods and inaugurate new ones. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Thus, even at the beginning of the Paleozoic, the continental plateau of North America had already been left by crustal movements in relief above the abysses of the great oceans on either side. The Elements of Geology Third, along the western side of each continent recent crustal movements supplemented by volcanic action on a magnificent scale have given rise to a complex series of younger mountains, the two great cordilleras. The Red Man's Continent: a chronicle of aboriginal America Let us first inquire whether earthquakes, which are one of the chief evidences that crustal movements are actually taking place in our own times, show any connection with sunspots. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z We have referred to these well-known episodes with two objects in view: to recall to mind the time-interval involved, and the evidence of intense crustal disturbance, both dynamic and thermal. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays As to the sun, there has hitherto been no conclusive evidence that it is related to crustal movements, although various writers have made suggestions along this line. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z It is not too much to say that the character and thickness of each formation of the stratified rocks depend primarily on these crustal movements. The Elements of Geology The question of the reality of the connection between meteorological conditions and crustal movements is so important that every possible test should be applied. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Moreover, in most cases, they are not reversible as are the crustal and solar phenomena. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Such lines mark out the theoretical axes of the "double canals" which future crustal movements will more fully develop. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays Thus we conclude that while climatic changes and crustal movements usually occur together, they may occur separately. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Under the resistless pressure of crustal movements almost any rocks, sandstones, shales, lavas of all kinds, granites, diorites, and gabbros may be metamorphosed into schists by crushing and shearing. The Elements of Geology If heavenly bodies should approach the earth closely enough so that their gravitational stresses caused crustal deformation, all life would presumably be destroyed. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Nevertheless, it might easily happen that a very considerable amount of crustal movement would take place without causing a continental ice sheet or even a marked alpine ice sheet. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z Or again, they may arise in crustal disturbance of a volcanic nature, primarily induced or localised by the crossing of two canals. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays |
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