| 单词 | Xenophanes |
| 例句 | Pythagoras taught that God is a number; Xenophanes that it is a sphere, passionless and consubstantial with all things; Parmenides that it is but the confluence of earth and fire. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume II: The Kingdom on the Waves 2009-10-13T00:00:00Z A strikingly original thinker, Xenophanes knew that fossilized marine organisms had been found on Mediterranean islands like Malta, south of Italy, and Paros, near Athens. We're all gonna die! How the idea of human extinction has reshaped our world 2023-10-08T04:00:00Z Likewise, a major theme of humanism was a pragmatic indifference to the gods and fate – one Greek philosopher, Xenophanes, dismissed the very idea of human-like gods who intervened in daily life. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Xenophanes, who was fascinated by religion, rejected the traditional accounts of the Olympian gods. Introduction to Philosophy 2022-06-15T00:00:00Z Had such heresies been spoken in Athens, where the effects of a religious revival were still in force, the “secular arm” of the archons would probably have made short work of Xenophanes. Pioneers of Evolution from Thales to Huxley With an Intermediate Chapter on the Causes of Arrest of the Movement 2012-04-26T02:00:14.960Z Another generation of visitors comes now to this spot,—pilgrims from far, like ourselves, to the shrine of a "stoic greater than Zeno or Xenophanes,"—a man whose "breath and core was conscience." Literary Shrines The Haunts of Some Famous American Authors 2012-02-18T03:00:15.287Z Xenophanes believed that the phase of wetness destroys all human life on Earth. We're all gonna die! How the idea of human extinction has reshaped our world 2023-10-08T04:00:00Z The work of Empedocles and the kindred works of Xenophanes and Parmenides are inspired not by the passion of art but by the enthusiasm of discovery. The Roman Poets of the Republic 2012-01-15T03:00:14.187Z Similarly, early thinkers like Xenophanes began to formulate explanations for natural phenomena. Introduction to Philosophy 2022-06-15T00:00:00Z It was, unquestionably, the source from which moral philosophy was directly developed, and theorists upon life and infinity, such as Pythagoras and Xenophanes, seem to have begun their career as gnomic poets. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Xenophanes complains that the wrestler’s strength is preferred to the wisdom of the philosopher, and Euripides, in a well-known fragment, holds up to scorn the brawny swaggering athlete. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z Xenophanes wasn’t the only ancient Greek to hold such a view: subsequent thinkers proposed similar theories, including the vegetarian Empedocles and the Stoics. We're all gonna die! How the idea of human extinction has reshaped our world 2023-10-08T04:00:00Z And Xenophanes of Chalcedon, and Speusippus the Academic philosopher, and Aristotle, have all written drinking songs. The Deipnosophists, or Banquet of the Learned of Athen?us 2011-08-02T02:00:21.843Z Like Xenophanes before him, Maimonides rejects anthropomorphic religious elements, such as God in human form. Introduction to Philosophy 2022-06-15T00:00:00Z Thus Xenophanes very early proclaimed that men had made the gods in their own likeness, as a horse, could he draw, would design his deity in equine semblance. Myth, Ritual And Religion, Vol. 2 (of 2) 2011-07-22T02:00:19.110Z According to Achilles Tatius, Xenophanes gave to the earth the shape of an immense inclined plane, which stretched out to infinity. Astronomical Myths Based on Flammarions's History of the Heavens 2011-06-24T02:00:15.873Z The founder was Xenophanes of Colophon, who came to Elea late in life, bringing with him the physical theories of the Ionian school, to which he added a metaphysic. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z But, at the bottom, of what consequence to us are the reveries of Xenophanes? A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 10 (of 10) From "The Works of Voltaire - A Contemporary Version" 2011-03-31T02:00:21.443Z We can see this in their atomism and their religious skepticism, which hearkens back to Xenophanes. Introduction to Philosophy 2022-06-15T00:00:00Z We are told of the old Xenophanes that he looked up into the round heaven and cried, "The All is One." Three Philosophical Poets Lucretius, Dante, and Goethe 2011-03-20T02:00:33.357Z Thus Xenophanes gave to the earth infinitely extended roots, against which Empedocles uses such arguments as we should use now. Astronomical Myths Based on Flammarions's History of the Heavens 2011-06-24T02:00:15.873Z At first he was intended, we are told, for the profession of an athlete,—a calling of which he has recorded his opinion with something like the courage of Xenophanes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z Xenophanes tells us that it is impossible for us to be certain even when we utter the Truth. Joseph Smith the Prophet-Teacher A Discourse 2011-02-24T03:01:00.270Z In the 6th and 5th centuries B.C. there was a distinct school of philosophical epic, and we distinguish the names of Xenophanes, Parmenides and Empedocles as the leaders of it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Since the days of Xenophanes and of Plato, philosophy had revolted against the degradation of the Divine character by ancient legend. Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius If we are to believe Plutarch, Xenophanes, who flourished about 360 B.C., was very wild in his opinions. Astronomical Myths Based on Flammarions's History of the Heavens 2011-06-24T02:00:15.873Z With them came philosophical poems, such as those of Xenophanes and Empedocles; the epical history of Herodotus; the dramatic philosophy of Plato. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 5 "Arculf" to "Armour, Philip" On the contrary, Xenophanes identified God with the world. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy In this connection it seems necessary to point out the difference between the God of the Greek philosophers—Xenophanes and Anaxagoras, Plato and Aristotle—and the God of the Bible. Jewish Theology It had driven Xenophanes into open revolt, it had exercised the mind of the reverent Pindar and the sceptical Euripides. Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius To Xenophanes all revelation is a pure fiction; the discovery of the invisible is to be made by the intellect of man alone. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition Many of the philosophers, Xenophanes, Parmenides, and others, asserted it clearly or assumed it without hesitation. Five Stages of Greek Religion But Parmenides seized upon certain germs of thought latent in Xenophanes and transmuted them into philosophic principles. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Xenophanes complained in his old age, that, look where he would, all things hastened back to Unity. Nature The effort, however, of the Platonists of the second century has a peculiar interest, because some fresh elements have been added to the great problem since the days of Xenophanes and Euhemerus and Varro. Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius Xenophanes was a native of Ionia, from which having been exiled, he appears to have settled at last in Elea, after leading for many years the life of a wandering rhapsodist. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition Even in Homer we find it expurgated; in Pindar, Aeschylus, and Xenophanes it is expurgated, denied and allegorized. Five Stages of Greek Religion He was thus subsequent to Xenophanes, contemporary with Parmenides, and older than Zeno. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Theophrastus and Aristotle speak doubtfully of his having been a pupil of Xenophanes. The Academic Questions, Treatise De Finibus, and Tusculan Disputations, of M.T. Cicero, With a Sketch of the Greek Philosophers Mentioned by Cicero Xenophanes had declared that everything was one whole, and that it was a god, everlasting, eternal, never born and never dying, but round in his shape! The Life of Cicero Volume II. It derives its name from Elea, a Greek colonial city of Italy, its chief authors being Xenophanes, Parmenides, and Zeno. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition It is quite clear that the Hebrews did not suppose that it was a new sun that came up from the east each morning, as did Xenophanes and the Epicureans amongst the Greeks. The Astronomy of the Bible An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References of Holy Scripture The attack was begun by Xenophanes; Heracleitus carried it on; and lastly Democritus had attempted to explain belief in the gods as being caused by fear of gigantic terrestrial and astronomical phenomena. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Heraclitus was an Ephesian, and is said to have been a pupil of Xenophanes, though this statement is much doubted; others call him a pupil of Hippasus the Pythagorean. The Academic Questions, Treatise De Finibus, and Tusculan Disputations, of M.T. Cicero, With a Sketch of the Greek Philosophers Mentioned by Cicero Still, there is one single personality in early Greek thought who seems to have proceeded still further on the lines of this naïve criticism, namely, Xenophanes of Colophon. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity We have been accustomed to call the oracular sayings of men like Thales, Pythagoros, Xenophanes, or Herakleitos, philosophy, but there was in them as much of religion as in the songs of Homer and Hesiod. Chips From A German Workshop, Vol. V. Miscellaneous Later Essays Xenophanes, the founder of the school, was a believer in " One God, of all beings divine and human the greatest, Neither in body alike unto mortals, neither in ideas." Christianity and Greek Philosophy or, the relation between spontaneous and reflective thought in Greece and the positive teaching of Christ and His Apostles Certain other opinions of Xenophanes have been preserved. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Parmenides and Xenophanes blame, as if they were angry with them, though in no very poetical verses, the arrogance of those people who, though nothing can be known, venture to say that they know something. The Academic Questions, Treatise De Finibus, and Tusculan Disputations, of M.T. Cicero, With a Sketch of the Greek Philosophers Mentioned by Cicero But in the present connexion it would, nevertheless, be misleading to place Xenophanes among those philosophers who came into conflict with the popular belief because their conception of Existence was based on science. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity Cicero informs us that "Xenophanes says that the moon is inhabited, and a country having several towns and mountains in it." Moon Lore "Accordingly we find that Xenophanes has obtained credit for much that is, exclusively, the property of Parmenides and Zeno, in particular for denying plurality, and for identifying God with the universe." Christianity and Greek Philosophy or, the relation between spontaneous and reflective thought in Greece and the positive teaching of Christ and His Apostles He mentions Xenophanes and Pythagoras in terms of obloquy. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Xenophanes says that the moon is inhabited, and that it is a country of many cities and mountains. The Academic Questions, Treatise De Finibus, and Tusculan Disputations, of M.T. Cicero, With a Sketch of the Greek Philosophers Mentioned by Cicero If we take Xenophanes at his word we must describe him as an atheist, and atheism in the sixth century b.c. is a very curious phenomenon indeed. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity Xenophanes said that if horses, oxen, and lions could paint, they would make gods like themselves. Moon Lore Parmenides did not, with Xenophanes, call 'the One' God; he called it Being. Christianity and Greek Philosophy or, the relation between spontaneous and reflective thought in Greece and the positive teaching of Christ and His Apostles But he does not, like Xenophanes, direct his attacks against the central ideas of religion, and the doctrine of the gods. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy The school of the Megaric philosophers was a very celebrated one; and its chief, as I see it stated in books, was Xenophanes, whom I mentioned just now. The Academic Questions, Treatise De Finibus, and Tusculan Disputations, of M.T. Cicero, With a Sketch of the Greek Philosophers Mentioned by Cicero Another theory rests on the tradition that Xenophanes regarded his deity and the universe as identical, consequently was a pantheist. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity Far more influence on the progress of speculation was exercised by Xenophanes of Colophon. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 14 — Philosophy and Economics Now that Thales, Pythagoras, Xenophanes, Anaxagoras, Empedocles, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were all believers in the existence of one supreme, uncreated, eternal God, has been, we think, clearly shown by Cudworth. Christianity and Greek Philosophy or, the relation between spontaneous and reflective thought in Greece and the positive teaching of Christ and His Apostles Xenophanes attacks this conception of God as possessing human form. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy What Xenophanes says may at once be taken as the conviction of a Mystic. Christianity As Mystical Fact And The Mysteries of Antiquity Judging from the material in hand one can hardly arrive at any other conclusion than that the standpoint of Xenophanes comes under our definition of atheism. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity Xenophanes is said to be the only one of the philosophers who admitted the existence or providence of the gods, and at the same time entirely discredited divination. The Superstitions of Witchcraft Xenophanes was also an assertor of many gods, and one God; but his one God is unquestionably supreme. Christianity and Greek Philosophy or, the relation between spontaneous and reflective thought in Greece and the positive teaching of Christ and His Apostles Xenophanes appears, thus, rather as a religious reformer than as a philosopher. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy It is true that Plato, Euripides, and Xenophanes had attacked the official mythology with hardly less asperity; but they did not escape censure, and the Christian alienation from the Olympians was far more fundamental. The Legacy of Greece Essays By: Gilbert Murray, W. R. Inge, J. Burnet, Sir T. L. Heath, D'arcy W. Thompson, Charles Singer, R. W. Livingston, A. Toynbee, A. E. Zimmern, Percy Gardner, Sir Reginald Blomfield Thus we arrive at the following list, in which those who were denoted as atheoi are italicised and those who were accused of impiety are marked with an asterisk: Xenophanes. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity But this naïve opinion Xenophanes corrects because it is not consistent with the new enlightenment concerning the archê, or first principle of nature. The Moral Economy ‘All in play! all in play!’ said Xenophanes; ‘his nature is more of a lamb’s than a horse’s.’ Imaginary Conversations and Poems A Selection We have, therefore, in the first instance, to say something of Xenophanes. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy For there Xenophanes remained and founded a school, so that he and his successors received the name of Eleatics. A Short History of Greek Philosophy In more recent times, too, serious doubt has been expressed whether Xenophanes actually denied the existence of the gods. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity Xenophanes attacks the religion of his times on the ground of its crude anthropomorphism. The Moral Economy ‘I am apprehensive, O Xenophanes,’ said I, ‘your new acquaintance has disappointed you.’ Imaginary Conversations and Poems A Selection Xenophanes is the originator of the quarrel between philosophy and religion. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy If these problems cannot be said to be solved yet, we need not be surprised that Xenophanes did not solve them. A Short History of Greek Philosophy It was a similar instinctive judgment in regard to religion which prevented antiquity from placing Xenophanes amongst the atheists. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity It was Xenophanes, the Voltaire of Greece, who brought to the attention of his countrymen the discovery that man created the gods in his own image. The Necessity of Atheism Xenophanes, my townsman of Samosata, was resolved to buy a new horse: he had tried him, and liked him well enough. Imaginary Conversations and Poems A Selection But it would be a mistake to suppose that Xenophanes thought of this God as a being external to the world, governing it from the outside, as a general governs his soldiers. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy PARMENIDES.—The pupil and successor of Xenophanes was PARMENIDES, a native of Elea. A Short History of Greek Philosophy Sphere used as an expression for Deity by Xenophanes and Parmenides, 676-u. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry The freethinkers hold to the view of Xenophanes who denounced the public faith as an ancient blunder which had been converted by time into a national imposture. The Necessity of Atheism As the morning oats began to operate, he grew more and more unruly, and snapped at one friend of Xenophanes, and sidled against another, and gave a kick at a third. Imaginary Conversations and Poems A Selection Thus the philosophical poems of Xenophanes, Parmenides, and 172 Empedocles belonged essentially to a transitional stage of human culture. Sketches and Studies in Italy and Greece, Third series As for Xenophanes, Aristotle after his manner finds in him the potentiality of both. A Short History of Greek Philosophy Xenophanes used ambiguous language, applicable to the material as well as to the mental, and exclusively appropriate to neither. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry No educated Christian, I imagine, believes in an anthropomorphic Deity in the sense in which this anthropomorphism is condemned in the noble passage of Xenophanes which he quotes in the first part of his work. Essays on the work entitled "Supernatural Religion" However, these mute salutations being over, away went Xenophanes. Imaginary Conversations and Poems A Selection It belongs really to the succession of Xenophanes, Parmenides, and Empedocles. Sketches and Studies in Italy and Greece, Third series Like Xenophanes, Parmenides, and other Graeco-Italian philosophers, he expounded his views in verse; but he reached a poetic excellence unattained by any predecessor. A Short History of Greek Philosophy Yet the idea of unity was rather obscured than extinguished; and Xenophanes appeared as an enemy of Homer, only because he more emphatically insisted on the monotheistic element, which, in poetry, has been comparatively overlooked. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry Xenophanes was right; the primitive Greeks had created their gods in their own image. History Of Ancient Civilization CLEOSTRATUS.—A small ring-plain, N. of Xenophanes, surrounded by a number of similar objects, all too near the limb for observation. The Moon A Full Description and Map of its Principal Physical Features We cannot be surprised that the philosopher Xenophanes noticed, with some degree of severity, the extravagant estimate of this species of excellence, current among the Grecian cities. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01 We know from Xenophanes, Plato, p. 30and St. Augustine how men’s consciences were tormented by this unceasing contradiction: this overgrowth of myth on the stock of an idea originally noble. The Homeric Hymns A New Prose Translation; and Essays, Literary and Mythological And yet the advocates of Monotheism, Xenophanes and Heraclitus, declaimed only against the making of gods in human form. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry Parmenides, scholar and successor of Xenophanes at Elea, taught that God, as pure thought, pervaded all nature. Ten Great Religions An Essay in Comparative Theology Xenophanes of Colophon, described comets as wandering light clouds, 100; marine fossils found in marble quarries, 263. COSMOS: A Sketch of the Physical Description of the Universe, Vol. 1 But Humphreys did not really know but that Xenophanes was part of the daily reading of a man of letters. The End of the World A Love Story Thus a God, originally innocent and even moral, becomes a perfect pattern of vice; and the eternal contradiction vexes the souls of Xenophanes, Plato, and St. Augustine. The Homeric Hymns A New Prose Translation; and Essays, Literary and Mythological Socrates prostrated himself before the rising luminary; and the eternal spheres, which seem to have shared the religious homage of Xenophanes, retained a secondary and qualified Divinity in the Schools of the Peripatetics and Stoics. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry However, Xenophanes did not take its altitude conjecturally, but by a proper method with instruments. Plutarch's Lives, Volume I This Pantheism did not generate in Xenophanes any arrogant disdain for the religion of his time. Pantheism, Its Story and Significance Religions Ancient and Modern It was after half an hour of talking without tripping that Andrew suddenly asked: "Do you like the ever-to-be-admired Xenophanes?" The End of the World A Love Story XENOPHANES; PARMENIDES.—Xenophanes of Colophon is also a "unitarian." Initiation into Philosophy The early Greek philosophers Heraclitus and Xenophanes measured their force on this problem of identity. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 01, No. 01, November, 1857 A Magazine of Literature, Art, and Politics One of the finest examples of early Greek skepticism was the discovery of Xenophanes that man created the gods in his own image. The Mind in the Making The Relation of Intelligence to Social Reform The context, however, clearly showed what was meant; for several pages have been occupied with indications of the ideas and teaching of individual Pantheists from Xenophanes to Spinoza. Pantheism, Its Story and Significance Religions Ancient and Modern It certainly is no disgrace to any literary man not to know anything of so remote a philosopher as Xenophanes. The End of the World A Love Story Xenophanes of Kolophon, a Greek philosopher of the sixth century B.C., taught that "the mighty sea is the father of clouds and winds and rivers." The Child and Childhood in Folk-Thought Studies of the Activities and Influences of the Child Among Primitive Peoples, Their Analogues and Survivals in the Civilization of To-Day Xenophanes wished to persuade me that God and the Universe were one. Historical Miniatures Xenophanes criticized him severely for ascribing to the gods acts which, committed by men, would be considered highly disgraceful. A History of Freedom of Thought The same may be said of Heraclitus, Xenophanes, Parmenides, and Anaxagoras: they were great men, but they gave to the world mere speculations, some of which are very puerile. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 03 Ancient Achievements With these sublime views,--the unity and eternity and omnipotence of God,--Xenophanes boldly attacked the popular errors of his day. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 01 The Old Pagan Civilizations Xenophanes, a native of Ionia, who had fled to E'lea, was the founder of one, and Pythagoras, of Samos, of the other. Mosaics of Grecian History Look to Xenophanes, wandering over Sicily in the holy enthusiasm of a rhapsodist of truth. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization. The tales about Gods, for instance, may be as wrong as Xenophanes thinks, neither true nor the better thing to say; but they are certainly in accordance with opinion. Aristotle on the art of poetry They pass around the daring word which Xenophanes uttered as early as the sixth century B.C.:— A Day in Old Athens; a Picture of Athenian Life The Athenians may have condemned Xenophanes and Anaxagoras, yet not the other Ionian philosophers, nor the lofty speculations of Plato; but they murdered Socrates because they hated him. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 01 The Old Pagan Civilizations Yet such are the considerations which await the mind that suffers itself to dwell awhile on the abstract formula to which the "rational theology" of Xenophanes leads him. Plato and Platonism The same may be said of Heraclitus, Xenophanes, Parmenides, Anaxagoras. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization. Xenophanes, that the sun is constituted of small bodies of fire compacted together and raised from a moist exhalation, which condensed make the body of the sun; or that it is a cloud enfired. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Let them summon at once the shades of Xenophanes, Parmenides, Zeno, and Plato, who are as much wearied there in Cimmerian regions as a finch in a cage. Quo Vadis: a narrative of the time of Nero What was impossible to Job was not possible to Xenophanes. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 01 The Old Pagan Civilizations Certainly Cleanthes has conceived his abstract monotheism a little more winningly, somewhat better, than dry, pedantic Xenophanes; perhaps because Socrates and Plato have lived meanwhile. Plato and Platonism Many stories of Greek mythology are such as could not cross, for the first time, the mind of a civilised Xenophanes or Theagenes, even in a dream. Myth, Ritual and Religion — Volume 1 Xenophanes, that the earth, being compacted of fire and air, in its lowest parts hath laid a foundation in an infinite depth. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies It may well be that these stories are not higher than fact nor yet true to fact: they are, very possibly, what Xenophanes says of them. The Poetics of Aristotle Parmenides of Elea, born about the year 530 B.C., followed out the system of Xenophanes, the central idea of which was the existence of God. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 01 The Old Pagan Civilizations There were the Eleatics in our part of the world, saying that all things are one; whose doctrine begins with Xenophanes, and is even older. Sophist "God is one supreme among gods and men, and not like mortals in body or in mind," says Xenophanes. A History of Science — Volume 1 Xenophanes, that the sun is eclipsed when it is extinguished; and that a new sun is created and rises in the east. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies In this respect the difference between them is like that between Xenophanes and Parmenides. Meno "Nathan" is a didactic poem: it is not a mere philosophic treatise written in verse, like the fragments of Xenophanes. The Unseen World and Other Essays Then the pendulum swung to the other side, from rest to motion, from Xenophanes to Heracleitus. Sophist But not until the nineteenth century of our era, some twenty-four hundred years after the time of Xenophanes, was the old Greek's doctrine to be accepted by the scientific world. A History of Science — Volume 1 Xenophanes, that it is first, being rooted in the infinite space. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Xenophanes tells us that it is impossible for us to be certain even when we utter the truth. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science Xenophanes and Epicurus utterly refuse any such art of foretelling future contingencies. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies The Eleatics, however, in our part of the world, say that all things are many in name, but in nature one; this is their mythus, which goes back to Xenophanes, and is even older. Sophist Thus Hippolytus records that Xenophanes studied the fossils to be found in quarries, and drew from their observation remarkable conclusions. A History of Science — Volume 1 To this discourse Ammonius, as he used to do, subjoined that verse of Xenophanes, This fine discourse seems near allied to truth, and desired every one to deliver his opinion. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Xenophanes, that there are many suns and many moons, according as the earth is distinguished by climates, circles, and zones. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Xenophanes, that all such fiery meteors are nothing else but the conglomeration of the enfired clouds, and the flashing motions of them. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Xenophanes, that the world never had a beginning, is eternal and incorruptible. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Of the three other great Italic leaders of thought of the early period, Xenophanes came rather late in life to Elea and founded the famous Eleatic School, of which Parmenides became the most distinguished ornament. A History of Science — Volume 1 Xenophanes indeed, when one told him that he had seen eels living in hot water, answered, We will boil them then in cold. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Even at a very early day such men as Xenophanes, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, and Plato attained to a singularly rationalistic conception of the universe. A History of Science — Volume 1 A few fragments of the philosophical poem in which Xenophanes expressed his views have come down to us, and these fragments include a tolerably definite avowal of his faith. A History of Science — Volume 1 In the same spirit Xenophanes speaks of the battles of Titans, of giants, and of centaurs as "fictions of former ages." A History of Science — Volume 1 Italy, off to the west, is the home of Pythagoras and Xenophanes in their later years, and of Parmenides and Empedocles, Zeno, and Archimedes. A History of Science — Volume 1 Xenophanes says that those which appear as stars in the tops of ships are little clouds brilliant by their peculiar motion. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies This was Xenophanes, who was born at Colophon probably about the year 580 B.C., and who, after a life of wandering, settled finally in Italy and became the founder of the so-called Eleatic School. A History of Science — Volume 1 The geological doctrine of Xenophanes, then, must be listed among those remarkable Greek anticipations of nineteenth-century science which suffered almost total eclipse in the intervening centuries. A History of Science — Volume 1 |
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