| 单词 | X chromosome |
| 例句 | “A carrier of twin X chromosomes,” I affirmed. 100 Sideways Miles 2014-09-02T00:00:00Z I read about Klinefelter’s Syndrome, where an extra X chromosome renders a person tall, eunuchoid, and temperamentally unpleasant. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z On the other hand, the fact that the blood-clotting disorder hemophilia occurs almost exclusively in males is the result of genetics—the disease is caused by a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome. Why flu season hits men harder than women 2014-01-28T12:45:00Z I was reading this interesting article in “Nature Magazine” or something — you know how we have two X chromosomes? | Alex Borstein, Star of HBO’s ‘Getting On’ 2013-12-13T18:06:22Z Adam Ferrara, 44, is the quick-witted stand-up comic and guy's guy with an appreciation for cars and an X chromosome that makes him game for experimentation. 'Top Gear' puts an American spin on its fast show 2010-11-20T00:47:00Z Because making a gay romantic comedy isn’t as simple as switching out an X chromosome here and there. Crafting a Rom-Com That’s True to 21st-Century Gay Life 2022-05-18T04:00:00Z Two X chromosomes will not automatically make one an honest and fair human being and it is encouraging to see so many comments here based on the common sense that takes that factor into account. Alec Baldwin Skewers Trump. And Supports Allen and Toback. 2018-02-02T05:00:00Z The girl group, all sparkling vocals and shimmering X chromosomes, was also reaching its first, dizzy peak. The best No 1 records: the Supremes – Baby Love 2012-05-31T20:48:00Z Specifically, she wanted to find out what causes one X chromosome to be switched off and one to stay on, even though they share the same cell nucleus. Edith Heard: 'We can't undo what our parents have given us in terms of our genes' 2013-06-22T23:05:02Z By happy coincidence, Paris was also home to the Pasteur Institute, and one of the main labs trying to solve the riddle of one of the most fundamental manifestations of epigenetics – X chromosome inactivation. Edith Heard: 'We can't undo what our parents have given us in terms of our genes' 2013-06-22T23:05:02Z It is caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome, resulting in XXY, as opposed to XY. Klinefelter syndrome: many men have an extra X chromosome – but it is rarely diagnosed 2019-08-26T04:00:00Z Canadian comedian Katherine Ryan is tailor made to convert those who think generating laughs is incompatible with the possession of two X chromosomes. This week's new live comedy 2013-06-08T05:00:14Z Some of my cells were missing their second X chromosome. 2010-01-29T21:20:00Z Men fire up the grill and marinate slabs of meat, but historically, baking seems to require two X chromosomes. Why women bake: the healing power of a quiet sisterhood 2015-11-01T04:00:00Z "It turns out that there's a large region on the center of the X chromosome where most of the genetic rearrangements are happening," Murphy said. New secrets about cat evolution revealed 2023-11-02T04:00:00Z This can be problematic, as males have only half the number of X chromosome genes as females, and hence would have only half the amount of proteins from the X chromosome. How male mosquitoes compensate for having only one X chromosome 2023-10-06T04:00:00Z Scientists believe the Y and X chromosomes were once identical. ‘Most troublesome chromosome’ gets new respect after full sequence 2023-08-23T04:00:00Z Males possess one Y and one X chromosome while females have two X chromosomes, with some exceptions. Scientists solve the genetic puzzle of sex-related Y chromosome 2023-08-23T04:00:00Z Examples of this are Down syndrome, which is identified by a third copy of chromosome 21, and Turner syndrome, which is characterized by the presence of only one X chromosome in women instead of two. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Could there be something more protective about having the extra X chromosome? Why do fewer women die of COVID? The answer may lie in the X chromosome's superpower 2023-03-22T04:00:00Z To compensate for this, there must be a way to increase the expression of X chromosome genes in males. How male mosquitoes compensate for having only one X chromosome 2023-10-06T04:00:00Z The researchers discarded the Y chromosome and duplicated the X chromosome. Mice with Two Fathers? Researchers Develop Egg Cells from Male Mice 2023-03-15T04:00:00Z In no way, however, does Beer reflexively cheerlead for anyone with two X chromosomes. Review | Female authors have long been slighted. A new book seeks a corrective. 2023-01-05T05:00:00Z Early in development, when female mammalian embryos consist of just a few thousand cells, one X chromosome in each cell inactivates by condensing into a structure called a Barr body. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In lab work, Cheng and her colleagues found that both female mice and human females' NK cells have an extra copy of UTX, a gene specifically associated with the X chromosome. Why do fewer women die of COVID? The answer may lie in the X chromosome's superpower 2023-03-22T04:00:00Z They found that SOA works by binding to X chromosome genes and increasing their expression, but only in males. How male mosquitoes compensate for having only one X chromosome 2023-10-06T04:00:00Z During his presentation, Hayashi specifically referenced only Turner syndrome, a rare condition associated with infertility in which someone’s cells contain only one X chromosome, as a potential human use case for the technique. Mice with Two Fathers? Researchers Develop Egg Cells from Male Mice 2023-03-15T04:00:00Z Then there’s tetrachromacy, where a person with two X chromosomes carries instructions for both an altered cone and a regular one, giving them four kinds of cones. Color Is in the Eye, and Brain, of the Beholder 2022-11-01T04:00:00Z The genes on the inactive X chromosome are not expressed. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Because the gene that controls the expression of interferon gamma is on the X chromosome, it "escapes X inactivation in females" — meaning "there's more of it in females compared to males." Why do fewer women die of COVID? The answer may lie in the X chromosome's superpower 2023-03-22T04:00:00Z Females need one mutated X chromosome to be hemophilic. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Despite its macho reputation, the Y chromosome is a pipsqueak, carrying a mere 71 genes—less than one-tenth as many as the X chromosome. Men lose Y chromosomes as they age. It may be harming their hearts 2022-07-13T04:00:00Z In an individual carrying an abnormal number of X chromosomes, cellular mechanisms will inactivate all but one X in each of her cells. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Do they lose one of their two X chromosomes? As Y Chromosomes Vanish With Age, Heart Risks May Grow 2022-07-14T04:00:00Z Coat color is carried on the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In males, a recessive allele on the single X chromosome is usually expressed. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Whereas Down syndrome is caused by having three copies of a chromosome, Turner syndrome is caused by having just one copy of the X chromosome. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z If the X chromosome is absent altogether, the individual will not develop. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z They are born with only one X chromosome, making all their cells the equivalent of the random group of blood cells in men who lose their Y. As Y Chromosomes Vanish With Age, Heart Risks May Grow 2022-07-14T04:00:00Z Morgan identified a 1:1 correspondence between a segregating trait and the X chromosome, suggesting that the random segregation of chromosomes was the physical basis of Mendel’s model. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In order for a recessive allele to be expressed in females, it must be present on both of the X chromosomes. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z When a father transmits a Y chromosome, the child is male, and when he transmits an X chromosome, the child is female. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Individuals with three X chromosomes, called triplo-X, appear female but express developmental delays and reduced fertility. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Officials later switched to a cheek swab, checking for the inactive X chromosome that typically presents in women, a standard dropped because it failed to account for rare conditions. As Title IX turns 50, it plays a surprise role in transgender athlete access debate 2022-06-20T04:00:00Z Therefore, it may seem counterintuitive that human females and males can function normally, despite carrying different numbers of the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In males, nondisjunction may cause Klinefelter’s syndrome, resulting from the inheritance of an extra X chromosome. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z A mother can transmit only an X chromosome, as both her sex chromosomes are X chromosomes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The extra X chromosome undergoes inactivation to compensate for the excess genetic dosage. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z According to HuffPost, the Tennessee Republican dodged the question three times before answering: "Two X chromosomes." Marsha Blackburn mocked on Twitter for claiming "Tennesseans want a wall on our southern border" 2022-04-12T04:00:00Z By this process, females compensate for their double genetic dose of X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Females have two copies of the X chromosome. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z When an abnormal allele for a gene that occurs on the X chromosome is dominant over the normal allele, the pattern is described as X-linked dominant. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Figure 8.15 In Drosophila, the gene for eye color is located on the X chromosome. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z However, not every person who identifies as a woman has two X chromosomes. Marsha Blackburn mocked on Twitter for claiming "Tennesseans want a wall on our southern border" 2022-04-12T04:00:00Z Figure 13.9 In cats, the gene for coat color is located on the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In female cells, most of the genes in one of the X chromosomes are inactivated, forming a condensed region in the nucleus known as a Barr body. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Women account for nearly 80 percent of cases of autoimmune disorders, potentially implicating reproductive hormones, X chromosomes and gut microbiota. Immune System Master Class 2022-03-31T04:00:00Z Although the Y chromosome contains a small region of similarity to the X chromosome so that they can pair during meiosis, the Y chromosome is much shorter and contains fewer genes. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Then in 2019, Phillippy reported they had succeeded in sequencing the X chromosome from end to end, inspiring dozens of other researchers to join the cause. Most complete human genome yet reveals previously indecipherable DNA 2022-03-30T04:00:00Z In the embryonic development of female cats, one of the two X chromosomes is randomly inactivated in each cell, resulting in a tortoiseshell pattern if the cat has two different alleles for coat color. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Nondisjunction of the X chromosomes can lead to a disorder known as Turner’s syndrome. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z The deciphered sample, from an anonymous donor, contained an X chromosome but no 'male' Y. Gap-free human genome sequence completed for first time 2022-04-01T04:00:00Z For instance, while people with two X chromosomes are genetically female, some people who Blackburn would likely be inclined to call "female" are actually genetically male, with one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Why Republican cries about Robert Bork still ring hollow 2022-03-26T04:00:00Z X-linked hypophosphatemia, as the name suggests, is a disease that is inherited on the X chromosome. The Toddler Was Bowlegged, Her Gait Awkward. What Was It? 2021-12-02T05:00:00Z An individual carrying an abnormal number of X chromosomes will inactivate all but one X chromosome in each of her cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z A female with Turner’s syndrome usually inherits only one X chromosome. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Females have a pair of X chromosomes - one inherited from the mother and the other from the father. Gene edited sex selection may spare animal suffering 2021-12-03T05:00:00Z One infant girl was found to have Trisomy X, or three X chromosomes, which is linked to a number of disorders. You Should See Her in a Crown. Now You Can See Her Face. 2021-11-17T05:00:00Z The book is the X chromosome of my DNA. Why artist and engineer Xin Liu sent her wisdom tooth into outer space 2021-10-28T04:00:00Z More complex types of Klinefelter syndrome exist in which the individual has as many as five X chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The elephant survey data gave them an idea where to look: Because the tuskless elephants were female, they focused on the X chromosome. Why no tusks? Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution 2021-10-21T04:00:00Z Males, however, have one X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father. Gene edited sex selection may spare animal suffering 2021-12-03T05:00:00Z Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosome—a genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. Disturbing Answers to the Mystery of Tuskless Female Elephants 2021-10-21T04:00:00Z I printed out the whole X chromosome sequence on Japanese rice paper. Why artist and engineer Xin Liu sent her wisdom tooth into outer space 2021-10-28T04:00:00Z In all types, every X chromosome except one undergoes inactivation to compensate for the excess genetic dosage. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Because the gene is on the X chromosome, men only have one working copy, so they have a much greater chance of developing VEXAS. This genetic sleuth has uncovered a new category of disease marked by sporadic fevers and inflammation 2021-09-22T04:00:00Z To find them, some researchers are studying a primary difference between men and women that arises well before birth: the presence or absence of a second X chromosome. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z In females, mutations in a key gene on one of their X chromosomes seems to be responsible for tusklessness. Disturbing Answers to the Mystery of Tuskless Female Elephants 2021-10-21T04:00:00Z The X chromosome got its name in 1891, when the German biologist Hermann Henking wasn’t sure he was looking at a chromosome at all and wished to convey that mystery. X is the Best Letter in the Alphabet 2021-06-01T04:00:00Z In addition to 22 homologous pairs of autosomes, human females have a homologous pair of X chromosomes, whereas human males have an XY chromosome pair. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Because the OTC gene is on the X chromosome, the disease is often fatal in infant boys. Decades after a tragic failure, gene therapy successfully treats a rare liver disease 2021-05-18T04:00:00Z Biological dogma holds that women have two X chromosomes, but one copy is turned off in every cell very early in embryonic development in a process known as X inactivation. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. Disturbing Answers to the Mystery of Tuskless Female Elephants 2021-10-21T04:00:00Z In addition, many immune-related genes are on the X chromosome, of which women have two copies and men have only one. Is the Second Dose Bad? If I Feel OK, Is It Working? Can I Take Tylenol? 2021-04-02T04:00:00Z Although the Y chromosome contains a small region of similarity to the X chromosome so that they can pair during meiosis, the Y chromosome is much shorter and contains many fewer genes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The gene linked to Duchenne is carried on the X chromosome. Highway Patrol steps in for muscular dystrophy fundraiser 2020-11-30T05:00:00Z The extra X chromosome becomes a dark, misshapen mass that persists silently in each cell lineage. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z Additionally, disruptions to the same region of the X chromosome in humans is associated with a syndrome that usually causes male fetuses to abort in the second trimester. Disturbing Answers to the Mystery of Tuskless Female Elephants 2021-10-21T04:00:00Z Men, however, have only one copy of the X chromosome. 'Breakthrough finding' offers clues about why certain COVID-19 patients die 2020-11-13T05:00:00Z One of the genes, called MAOA, is located on the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z About 60 genes on the X chromosome are involved in immune function, Johns Hopkins University microbiologist Sabra Klein told The Washington Post in April. Why the coronavirus is killing more men than women 2020-10-17T04:00:00Z Women’s inactive X chromosome is maintained in an especially strange way in T and B cells, which are actively involved in immune responses. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z Because MECP2 is on the X chromosome, the condition affects girls almost exclusively. Is gene therapy ready to treat some forms of autism? 2020-10-14T04:00:00Z So if there is a defect or harmful gene on the X chromosome, they have no other copy of that gene to correct the problem, Iwasaki said. 'Breakthrough finding' offers clues about why certain COVID-19 patients die 2020-11-13T05:00:00Z Men only have one copy of the gene, since men only have one X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z People with two X chromosomes can benefit from the double helping of some of those genes. Why the coronavirus is killing more men than women 2020-10-17T04:00:00Z What happens to people with unusual numbers of X chromosomes also points to their important role in autoimmunity. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z They found a mutation that was carried on the X chromosome. DNA link behind severe COVID-19 may lead to a new treatment 2020-09-24T04:00:00Z “Women with two X chromosomes are protected and men, with one, are not.” Hidden immune weakness found in 14% of gravely ill COVID-19 patients 2020-09-24T04:00:00Z Women, however, have two copies of the X chromosome and therefore two copies of the gene. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “There are a lot of immunity genes encoded on the X chromosome,” says microbiologist Catherine Greene at the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin. The gender gap in cystic fibrosis 2020-07-28T04:00:00Z Men with Klinefelter’s syndrome, for instance, have two X chromosomes along with a Y chromosome, and they are 14 times more likely than other men to develop lupus. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z The scientists chose a location on the X chromosome that didn't seem chockablock with important genes, one where they might add a gene without messing anything up. The future of beef might be a sausage fest 2020-07-26T04:00:00Z Supporting that suspicion, one woman with a rare condition that silences one X chromosome was among the severely ill patients with autoantibodies. Hidden immune weakness found in 14% of gravely ill COVID-19 patients 2020-09-24T04:00:00Z Using mutant flies with structurally distinct X chromosomes was the key to observing the products of recombination because DNA sequencing and other molecular tools were not yet available. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It is a neurological disorder caused by a mutated gene on the X chromosome that destroys a child’s abilities to walk, talk, eat and even breathe easily. ‘It Will Consume Your Life’: 4 Families Take On Rare Diseases 2020-07-07T04:00:00Z Given that X chromosomes, female sex hormones and female gut bacteria all appear to increase the risk for autoimmunity, it might seem as though biology is somehow conspiring against the female sex. Why Nearly 80 Percent of Autoimmune Sufferers Are Female 2021-09-15T04:00:00Z A number of critical immune genes are located on the X chromosome, he says. Coronavirus: What is the risk to men over 50? 2020-04-16T04:00:00Z X chromosomes therefore synapse with the same efficiency as do non-sex chromosomes. How sex chromosomes break up to get together 2020-05-26T04:00:00Z Carrier females can manifest mild forms of the trait due to the inactivation of the dominant allele located on one of the X chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Unlike men, women have two X chromosomes and so carry double the copies of the gene TLR7, a key detector of viral activity that helps boost immunity. Do Your Genes Predispose You to COVID-19? 2020-04-30T04:00:00Z A number of critical immune genes are located on the X chromosome. Coronavirus: What is the risk to men over 50? 2020-04-07T04:00:00Z An emerging body of research has revealed that women’s bodies are better at fighting off infection, thanks to the hormones in their systems and the genes on their two X chromosomes. All across the United States, the coronavirus is killing more men than women, data show 2020-04-04T04:00:00Z In females only one X chromosome is activated at random in each cell. Mystery of lifespan gap between sexes may be solved, say researchers 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z This gene is expressed when the organism has two copies of the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Xist is expressed exclusively from the X chromosome that will be inactivated, where it spreads locally and silences nearly every gene on the chromosome by associating with an array of proteins. How to silence an X chromosome 2020-02-04T05:00:00Z In the Democrats’ ideological auction, Warren bested Pete Buttigieg, who, in what counts in today’s Democratic Party as Solomonic centrism, promised only that half the members of his Cabinet will have two X chromosomes. Opinion | Democrats’ carnival of unintended consequences 2020-02-04T05:00:00Z In September 2016, Lee, an expert in how one of two X chromosomes is turned off during female development, was judged for renewal. Howard Hughes Medical Institute faces race, sex bias lawsuits by two Asian American biologists 2019-12-18T05:00:00Z Cisgender women are mosaics: the random inactivation of one X chromosome in each cell means that half a woman’s cells express her mother’s X and half express her father’s. How science has shifted our sense of identity 2019-10-07T04:00:00Z In humans, as in many animals and some plants, females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Men with Klinefelter syndrome — who carry an extra X chromosome — are also at increased risk. Who’s Missing From Breast Cancer Trials? Men, Says the F.D.A. 2019-09-09T04:00:00Z However, unlike Hamer’s work, the latest study does not show any special importance of the X chromosome. Scientists quash idea of single 'gay gene' 2019-08-29T04:00:00Z Either way, it’s a win for women, and for those of us with two X chromosomes who dive straight for the sports section every morning. Letters: Dodgers' fans don't want to get ahead of themselves 2019-06-07T04:00:00Z Many of these RNA molecules are encoded by genes on the X chromosome, of which there are two copies in most women7. Why the sexes don’t feel pain the same way 2019-03-26T04:00:00Z In humans, as in many animals and some plants, females have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z They all lack a functioning dystrophin gene, which is on the X chromosome, transmitted to boys by their mothers. For Many Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Bright Hope Lies Just Beyond Reach 2019-03-25T04:00:00Z In the latest case, one sperm carried an X chromosome among its genetic material, and the other carried a Y chromosome. Scientists stunned by discovery of 'semi-identical' twins 2019-02-27T05:00:00Z It was explained later in the clip that Tomei possesses “an identical stretch of DNA along her X chromosome” with Moore, who’s described as “her longtime friend.” Marissa Tomei and Julianne Moore discover they're related: report 2019-01-31T05:00:00Z Several of these genes are on the X chromosome. The Placenta, an Afterthought No Longer 2018-12-03T05:00:00Z The traits are located on the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Most often, the SRY gene is part of the Y chromosome, but sometimes, the SRY gene ends up on an X chromosome. The Trump Administration's Proposed "Redefinition" of Gender Is Scientifically Absurd 2018-10-29T04:00:00Z The extra DNA disrupts the X chromosome; under the microscope, tiny islands appear to break away from the chromosome, making it look fragile. Why is a remote Colombian town a hot spot of an inherited intellectual disability? 2018-10-10T04:00:00Z It almost always affects men, passed down by a mutation on the X chromosome from their mother. With Hemlibra, Roche seeks to break into tight hemophilia circle 2018-10-03T04:00:00Z An examination of the X chromosome showed that Denisova 11 was female. A Blended Family: Her Mother Was Neanderthal, Her Father Something Else Entirely 2018-08-22T04:00:00Z Coat color is carried on the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It’s a genetic condition, and the gene for blood clotting sits on the X chromosome. They Thought Hemophilia Was a ‘Lifelong Thing.’ They May Be Wrong. 2018-08-13T04:00:00Z “The X chromosome could continue to recombine with another X chromosome in the making of eggs, but the Y chromosome followed an isolationist strategy, which led to its rapid decline.” Secrets of the Y Chromosome 2018-06-11T04:00:00Z Men pass on one X chromosome to their daughters. Ovarian cancer link to paternal genes 2018-02-15T05:00:00Z There is another genetic risk factor for concussion injuries that is even easier for parents to detect and understand: two X chromosomes versus one. Hits to the Head May Result in Immediate Brain Damage 2018-01-31T05:00:00Z This progressive disease has two causes: an autosomal recessive allele, which causes neonatal ALD, and a mutation in the ABCD1 gene located on the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Zarulli pointed to the double X chromosome present in females, as well as the hormone oestrogen, as plausible explanations for women outliving men, regardless of factors such as violence or risk-taking. Scientists confirm what women always knew: men really are the weaker sex 2018-01-15T05:00:00Z Mammalian female tissues consist of two mixed cell populations, each with either the maternally or paternally inherited X chromosome marked for inactivation. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z This idea, termed X-inactivation, was developed to explain how males manage to survive with only one X chromosome. Genetics: Sex and the single cell : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z Along the X chromosome were blue segments indicating where she had Jewish ancestry, which could theoretically have come from either parent because females inherit one X from each. She thought she was Irish — until a DNA test opened a 100-year-old mystery 2017-07-27T04:00:00Z Human males typically have XY chromosomes and females have XX chromosomes, but there are rare instances in which a male can inherit an XXY or an XYY, or a female can have three X chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The previous rules erroneously assumed that anyone with a Y chromosome held a substantial advantage over athletes with two X chromosomes. Using testosterone to categorise male and female athletes isn't perfect, but it's the best solution we have | Joanna Harper 2017-07-03T04:00:00Z Next, we performed simulations to account for possible chromatin state biases, such as the fact that the escape and inactive genes are all from the X chromosome. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z Mary Lyon, the UK geneticist who first proposed the idea of X-inactivation, suggested in 1961 that some genes on the second X chromosome might not be shut down. Genetics: Sex and the single cell : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z “Your mom has two X chromosomes in all of her cells, and your dad has one X and one Y chromosome in each of his cells,” she continues. Segment debunking transgenderism cut from ‘Bill Nye’ 2017-05-03T04:00:00Z When a gene being examined is present on the X chromosome, but not on the Y chromosome, it is said to be X-linked. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The gene for OTC is on the X chromosome, and so boys, who have only one X chromosome, are more likely to have symptoms from their OTC deficiency. What Caused This College Student’s Stomach Pain and Vomiting? 2017-04-27T04:00:00Z Biallelic expression in individual cells in the X chromosome was assessed only at ASE sites covered by the minimum of eight reads. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z Arnold speculates that this drop might expose the fat-promoting effects of the X chromosome, in a similar way to how removing the gonads uncovered X-chromosome-related obesity in the experimental mice. Genetics: Sex and the single cell : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z In women, one X chromosome is randomly shut down, and it stays kaput. Does it seem as if you know more men with cancer than women? 2017-03-13T04:00:00Z Thomas Hunt Morgan mapped this trait to the X chromosome in 1910. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Because girls have two X chromosomes, if one is defective, the other can sometimes make up for it. What Caused This College Student’s Stomach Pain and Vomiting? 2017-04-27T04:00:00Z Genes are ordered according to their location in the X chromosome with genes in the pseudoautosomal region residing in the top part. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z When the researchers looked at the distribution of the mark, they found the strongest peaks on the X chromosome. An epigenetics gold rush: new controls for gene expression 2017-02-21T05:00:00Z I spend an enormous amount of time in rooms where everyone shares my X chromosomes, with people who don't need to be convinced that more women should rule the world. Getting Out of the Echo Chamber 2016-10-24T04:00:00Z The genes for white and vermilion eye colors are located on the X chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The team also noted that the Polynesian X chromosome has less Melanesian DNA than the other nuclear chromosomes. ‘Game-changing’ study suggests first Polynesians voyaged all the way from East Asia 2016-10-03T04:00:00Z The grey bars on top of the heat maps indicate the location of the gene in the X chromosome: dark grey indicating Xp and lighter grey Xq. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z Some women in the family had the mutation, too, but since women have two X chromosomes, it appeared that the other one functioned normally and made up for the defect. Are some people just natural-born killers? Modern research raises some disturbing questions 2016-04-28T04:00:00Z Eight years of duty inside the White House, two terms as an influential senator from New York and five years as secretary of state, and her experience amounts to two X chromosomes? She ditched her $400,000-a-year legal job after her ‘woman’s card’ only held her back 2016-04-28T04:00:00Z Females need two mutated X chromosomes to be hemophilic. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Your half sister won’t share that X chromosome with you and your brother. Must a Mental Illness Be Revealed on a First Date? 2016-04-13T04:00:00Z The grey bars on top of the heat maps indicate the location of the gene in the X chromosome: dark grey indicating Xp and lighter grey Xq. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z That family’s case launched studies that didn’t bear fruit until the early 1990s, when researchers found a specific gene mutation on all of the X chromosomes of all the violent men. Are some people just natural-born killers? Modern research raises some disturbing questions 2016-04-28T04:00:00Z The scientists then looked more closely at several fly species, discovering lncRNAs made by the newly discovered genes on the X chromosomes of male flies, just as expected. Telling Jewels From Junk in DNA 2016-01-21T05:00:00Z Females need two mutated X chromosomes to not be hemophilic. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The dystrophin gene, which guides the protein’s production in the cell, sprawls across about 1 percent of the X chromosome and is the largest in the human genome. Gene Editing Offers Hope for Treating Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Studies Find 2015-12-31T05:00:00Z Genes are ordered according to their location in the X chromosome with genes in the pseudoautosomal region residing in the top part. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z When you are conceived you normally have a pair of X chromosomes if you are to become a girl and a set of XY chromosomes if you are destined to be male. The extraordinary case of the Guevedoces - BBC News 2015-09-19T04:00:00Z Women carry two copies of the X chromosome, of course, while men have only one. Telling Jewels From Junk in DNA 2016-01-21T05:00:00Z In Aceves's family, the X chromosome appears to be the location of the mutation. The family fed up of being called 'wolves' - BBC News 2015-08-31T04:00:00Z Females have two X chromosomes, and males have an X and a Y chromosome. ‘It’s a boy!’ the National Zoo says of surviving giant panda cub 2015-08-28T04:00:00Z People with Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, a disorder linked to the X chromosome, developed rampant herpes viral lesions associated with defective immunity. Immunology: Fifty years of B lymphocytes 2015-01-05T05:00:00Z The result was Yoox — the name refers to the Y and X chromosomes, with the “OO” meant to evoke binary digital code — which made its debut with just over $1.5 million in venture capital funding. Success Draws Competition for Luxury E-Retailer Yoox 2014-12-06T05:00:00Z Thanks to roX, males make as many X chromosome proteins as females and thereby thrive. Telling Jewels From Junk in DNA 2016-01-21T05:00:00Z They lose X chromosomes in their cells as they age, Bialer said. Smoking Might Cost Men Their 'Y' Chromosome, Study Finds 2014-12-04T05:00:00Z The mutations causing haemophilia are carried on the X chromosome. Born in the blood : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-25T05:00:00Z It’s inherited maternally on the X chromosome and mostly afflicts boys. Moms, Regulators, Biotech Startups, and the Battle Over a Potentially Life-Saving Drug 2014-10-30T04:00:00Z One solution is to rely more on women advisors, Lebenthal says. Yet she acknowledges that isn’t easy to do, given the dearth of double X chromosomes in the field. The Finance Industry’s Plan to Court Women Customers 2014-10-15T04:00:00Z Then the cell is able to produce proteins only from the X chromosome free of Xist. Telling Jewels From Junk in DNA 2016-01-21T05:00:00Z He and his team believed that miscarriage occurred because the foetus was missing an X chromosome. The girl with three biological parents 2014-08-31T04:00:00Z The test also revealed that a mutation on the X chromosome affecting boys was less common than thought. 'Bubble Boy' Disease May Be More Common Than Thought 2014-08-19T04:00:00Z Wehby not only has two X chromosomes but also supports abortion rights and the right of states to recognize same-sex marriages, which complicates the Democratic Party’s continuing accusation that Republicans wage “war on women.” Oregon’s Monica Wehby may make a house call on the Senate Prof Crisanti said his team exploited a "fortuitous coincidence": the target sequence of that endonuclease is found specifically - and abundantly - on the mosquito's X chromosome. GM strains crash mosquito population 2014-06-10T04:00:00Z “Under field conditions the accumulation of X chromosome damage would significantly contribute to the demise of target populations,” the scientists say in their paper. GM mosquitoes a ‘quantum leap’ towards tackling malaria 2014-06-10T04:00:00Z Next, by doing crossing experiments with the mutant crickets, the researchers confirmed that both types of flatwing arose from a single gene on the X chromosome. Crickets muted by evolution, twice 2014-05-29T04:00:00Z But because neomales have two X chromosomes and females also have two X chromosomes, breeding the two makes their offspring female. Why Won't the Government Let You Eat Superfish? 2014-05-22T04:00:00Z He found that men’s Y chromosome retains only 19 of the 600 genes it once shared with the X chromosome. Genetic researchers strike men off the endangered species list 2014-04-23T18:41:00Z However, most of the mutations that show a gender bias in the new study are not on the X chromosome, suggesting that other factors must be involved. Females Are Genetically Protected from Autism 2014-03-10T17:40:00Z The scientists injected mosquitoes with a gene from slime mould – a homing endonuclease called I-PpoI – which attached itself to their X chromosome during the male’s sperm-making process and effectively shredded part of the chromosome’s DNA. GM mosquitoes a ‘quantum leap’ towards tackling malaria 2014-06-10T04:00:00Z Since the gene is carried on the X chromosome, hemophilia is almost entirely a disease of men. New hemophilia drugs aim to simplify treatment 2014-03-07T12:06:46Z But with his single X chromosome, the male lacks a healthy copy of the gene to fall back on. Are Men the Weaker Sex? 2014-02-18T16:30:00Z In some brains, for example, a mother’s X chromosome was seen dominating the left side, while the father’s dominated the right. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z In line with this theory, several autism-linked genes are located on the X chromosome. Females Are Genetically Protected from Autism 2014-03-10T17:40:00Z Our allelic expression analysis also demonstrates the de novo inactivation of the paternal X chromosome. [Report] Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals Dynamic, Random Monoallelic Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells 2014-01-09T18:56:54.368Z With an X chromosome from each parent, the toe belonged to a female. Matter: Toe Fossil Provides Complete Neanderthal Genome 2013-12-18T18:09:09Z The color leans feminine, and it may find more fans with two X chromosomes. Everything's Coming Up Orchid 2013-12-05T01:14:46Z In some animals, almost all the X chromosomes from one parent were shut; in others, the opposite was true. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Despite the central role of RNA-chromatin interactions in this process, the mechanisms by which Xist localizes to DNA and spreads across the X chromosome remain unknown. [Research Article] The Xist lncRNA Exploits Three-Dimensional Genome Architecture to Spread Across the X Chromosome 2013-08-15T17:57:13.117Z But that doesn't mean its counterpart, the X chromosome, plays no part. Men Need X Chromosome To Make More Men (And Women) 2013-07-30T22:45:00.453Z The outcome can be quite variable, but basically what happens is that the testosterone supply dependent on the Y chromosome gets swamped by the estrogen production linked to the two X chromosomes. Touching a Nerve: Exploring the Implications of the Self as Brain, Part 2 [Excerpt] 2013-07-27T13:45:00.477Z One thing is for certain, however: "People will start paying attention to the recent evolution of the X chromosome." 'Female' Chromosome May Leave a Mark on Male Fertility 2013-07-21T18:30:00Z The genes produced a green fluorescent protein, but only if their X chromosome was active and they were exposed to a particular chemical trigger. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z At the initiation of XCI in mouse embryonic stem cells, Xist initially transfers to distal regions across the X chromosome that are not defined by specific sequences. [Research Article] The Xist lncRNA Exploits Three-Dimensional Genome Architecture to Spread Across the X Chromosome 2013-08-15T17:57:13.117Z In the 1960s, biologist Susumu Ohno suggested the X chromosome would evolve slowly, and thus remain similar in most mammalian species. Men Need X Chromosome To Make More Men (And Women) 2013-07-30T22:45:00.453Z In female mammals, one copy of the gene is activated — silencing the X chromosome on which it resides. Researchers Turn Off Down Syndrome Genes 2013-07-18T01:37:39.893Z "The finding suggests that X chromosome gene content is probably changing all the time." 'Female' Chromosome May Leave a Mark on Male Fertility 2013-07-21T18:30:00Z Sometimes a gene on one X chromosome is defective. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z These findings suggest a model in which Xist coats the X chromosome by searching in three dimensions, modifying chromosome structure, and spreading to newly accessible locations. [Research Article] The Xist lncRNA Exploits Three-Dimensional Genome Architecture to Spread Across the X Chromosome 2013-08-15T17:57:13.117Z The drug had previously failed in a Phase 2 trial for fragile X, which is caused by a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome and affects about 100,000 Americans. An Experimental Drug’s Bitter End 2013-06-07T01:20:33Z Lawrence and her team devised an approach to mimic the natural process that silences one of the two X chromosomes carried by all female mammals. Researchers Turn Off Down Syndrome Genes 2013-07-18T01:37:39.893Z There are 144 human X chromosome genes with no counterparts in mice, and 197 such mice genes are unique. 'Female' Chromosome May Leave a Mark on Male Fertility 2013-07-21T18:30:00Z How one cell ends up silencing its mother’s or father’s X chromosome is still not entirely clear. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Instead, Xist identifies these regions by exploiting the three-dimensional conformation of the X chromosome. [Research Article] The Xist lncRNA Exploits Three-Dimensional Genome Architecture to Spread Across the X Chromosome 2013-08-15T17:57:13.117Z Therefore, the GRO-seq data also provide strong support for enhanced promoter activity on the compensated X chromosome. [Technical Response] Response to Comments on “Drosophila Dosage Compensation Involves Enhanced Pol II Recruitment to Male X-Linked Promoters” 2013-04-18T17:55:40.283Z A more serious problem arises because the mathematical transformation affects the quantitative comparison between different enrichment profiles by ratio calculations—e.g., when comparing males and females or X chromosomes and autosomes. [Technical Comment] Comment on “Drosophila Dosage Compensation Involves Enhanced Pol II Recruitment to Male X-Linked Promoters” 2013-04-18T17:55:31.830Z "We think the X chromosome is leading a double life," he says, with one part being stable and behaving as the textbooks say, and another part changing and influencing male traits. 'Female' Chromosome May Leave a Mark on Male Fertility 2013-07-21T18:30:00Z Dr. Lee is concerned that female stem cells may rouse sleeping X chromosomes, with devastating consequences. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z During initiation of XCI, Xist initially transfers to distal regions across the X chromosome that are not defined by specific sequences. [Research Article] The Xist lncRNA Exploits Three-Dimensional Genome Architecture to Spread Across the X Chromosome 2013-08-15T17:57:13.117Z Men born with Klinefelter syndrome, a rare condition where men have an extra X chromosome, may be more susceptible to breast cancer, as well as men who inherit a mutated gene. Because male breast cancer is rare, many cases aren’t caught till later stages 2013-02-25T23:41:37Z There are no separate set of rules that says that I have to endure less comfort and respect simply because I have two X chromosomes. Feministing Friday: Why does the F-word bother some men? 2013-01-18T20:45:03.090Z The body needs only one active copy of the X chromosome, so in females, the second copy is disabled. 'Female' Chromosome May Leave a Mark on Male Fertility 2013-07-21T18:30:00Z Dr. Nathans and his colleagues engineered other mice to produce a red protein from active X chromosomes in response to a different chemical. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Females’ “spare” X chromosome protects them from genetic mutations on the other one. Lifespan and the sexes: Catching up 2013-01-10T16:11:28Z In 1993, a study published in the journal Science showed that families with two homosexual brothers were very likely to have certain genetic markers on a region of the X chromosome known as Xq28. Is Homosexuality a Choice? 2012-10-20T01:15:03.373Z About 1 in 3,600 boys develops DMD, which is caused by mutations in a gene on the X chromosome and eventually leads to paralysis and death. Seven days: 5–11 October 2012 2012-10-10T17:20:58.217Z Almost 50 years ago, a geneticist named Susumu Ohno proposed that this shutdown slowed the evolution of the X chromosome, and he predicted that its genes would be very similar across most mammals. 'Female' Chromosome May Leave a Mark on Male Fertility 2013-07-21T18:30:00Z Some researchers suggested that one Xist molecule landed on one spot on the X chromosome and then others attached to it, spreading along its length. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Furthermore, the team determined that Papuans have more Denisovan DNA on their autosomes, inherited equally often from both parents, than on their X chromosomes, inherited twice as often from the mother. Genome Brings Ancient Girl to Life 2012-08-30T20:02:00Z “But there is substantially less Denisovan DNA in New Guineans on the X chromosome than the rest of the genome,” co-author David Reich, from the Broad Institute, told reporters. The Denisova Genome and Guys Banging Rocks 2012-08-30T19:15:00.440Z What seems to be happening, according to Wutz, is that over several generations, or passages, iPSC lines are showing aberrations in the inactive X chromosome–changes in which the chromosome ceases to be inactive. Aberrations Pose A Challenge for Reprogramming Stem Cells 2012-08-02T16:41:42Z "These are the genes of the X chromosome of textbooks," Page says. 'Female' Chromosome May Leave a Mark on Male Fertility 2013-07-21T18:30:00Z But recent studies by Dr. Lee and colleagues show that Xist molecules envelop the X chromosome like a swarm of bees. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z This curious pattern suggests several possible scenarios, including that male Denisovans interbred with female modern humans, or that these unions were genetically incompatible, with natural selection weeding out some of the X chromosomes, Reich says. Genome Brings Ancient Girl to Life 2012-08-30T20:02:00Z Slash indicates loss or mutation of wild-type allele, including X chromosome in males. Novel mutations target distinct subgroups of medulloblastoma 2012-08-01T17:51:11.990Z To approach this question in the Pan ancestor, we compared the inferred ancestral population sizes of the X chromosome and the autosomes. The bonobo genome compared with the chimpanzee and human genomes 2012-06-27T17:51:28.383Z Our calculation of α assumes that a single speciation time applies across the genome, attributing differences between the X chromosome and autosomes to the factors mentioned above. Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence 2012-03-07T18:21:00.777Z She suspects that when a cell stops making Xist, its inactivated X chromosome wakes up. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Population genomic analyses reveal reduced polymorphism in centromeric autosomal regions and the X chromosome, evidence for positive and negative selection, and rapid evolution of the chromosome. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z Slash indicates loss or mutation of wild-type allele, including X chromosome in males. Novel mutations target distinct subgroups of medulloblastoma 2012-08-01T17:51:11.990Z Since the gene is carried on the X chromosome, hemophilia is almost exclusively a disease of men. Gene therapy proves effective for hemophilia B 2011-12-11T03:11:57Z We describe and assign sequence to the previously unknown X chromosome. The genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals 2011-09-28T17:21:44.667Z They shut down one of the hyperactive X chromosomes to regain a balance of their own. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Genome-wide molecular population genetic analyses show that patterns of polymorphism, but not divergence, differ by autosomal chromosome region, and between the X chromosome and autosomes. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z These data therefore contradict the report of Matute et al. that the X chromosome contains one region causing full lethality in D. melanogaster hybrids. [Technical Comment] Comment on ?A Test of the Snowball Theory for the Rate of Evolution of Hybrid Incompatibilities? 2011-09-15T18:25:17.657Z Using a device made by Agilent Technologies, he selected only for the genes that coded for proteins on the X chromosomes of each person. A Tragic Case And A Genomic Hope 2011-07-01T01:11:16Z Xue Zhang, a professor of medical genetics at the Peking Union Medical College, tested the man and his family and found an extra chunk of genes on the X chromosome. 'Werewolf' Gene May Explain Excess Hair Disorder 2011-06-07T14:52:00Z Males, by contrast, are far more prone to genetic disorders linked to the X chromosome, such as color blindness. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z The condition that Chase was born with is caused by an abnormal elongation of a portion of DNA on the X chromosome. Hope builds for treating intellectual disabilities 2011-05-09T17:33:05Z There are thus no recessive alleles on the X chromosome that cause lethality or even reduce viability in hybrids. [Technical Comment] Comment on ?A Test of the Snowball Theory for the Rate of Evolution of Hybrid Incompatibilities? 2011-09-15T18:25:17.657Z That meant the mutation was almost certainly on a gene on the X chromosome. A Tragic Case And A Genomic Hope 2011-07-01T01:11:16Z While the primary baldness gene is on the X chromosome, which men get only from their mothers, other factors are also in play. What Causes Hair Loss? 9 Myths About Baldness 2011-02-22T18:41:00Z But the X chromosome may also pose a risk to women. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Alternately, the genes involved in the trait may be located on the X chromosome. 'Callous-unemotional' children often grow up to lie, fight, and bully, study finds 2011-02-21T23:01:00Z This is an extremely sensitive test, because these male hybrids are hemizygous for their entire X chromosome and thus will be exposed to the full load of all X-linked recessive inviability genes. [Technical Comment] Comment on ?A Test of the Snowball Theory for the Rate of Evolution of Hybrid Incompatibilities? 2011-09-15T18:25:17.657Z The condition occurs when one of the two X chromosomes of female DNA is completely or partially missing, causing infertility as well as growth problems. Frozen egg mother abused online 2011-02-02T11:18:44Z Two X chromosomes and a blue uniform may not be enough. Litigation in America: Class discipline 2011-01-27T10:58:13Z At the same time, each copy of the X chromosome contains versions of genes not found on its partner. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z The Bornean and Sumatran X chromosome thus diverged as expected, in contrast to the human–chimpanzee speciation process. Comparative and demographic analysis of orang-utan genomes 2011-01-26T18:22:58.603Z Different patterns of chromatin composition and histone modification were revealed between chromosome arms and centers, with similarly prominent differences between autosomes and the X chromosome. [Research Article] Integrative Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Genome by the modENCODE Project 2011-01-05T01:55:48.427Z But in the neurons of the cortex, there is a much greater chance that the paternal X chromosome will be switched off. Tug of War Pits Genes of Parents in the Fetus 2010-09-14T04:50:00Z Males who do not have the extra X chromosome on all their cells may have mild cases and never know they have the problem until it is discovered during an infertility workup. Mother labored to find reason for son's developmental delays 2010-08-24T04:00:00Z They inserted a set of genes into the X chromosomes of mice. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z It mostly affects boys and earned its name because, under a microscope, one arm of the X chromosome seems nearly broken, with part hanging by a thread. Promise Seen in Drug for Retardation Syndrome 2010-04-30T02:14:00Z We also identified additional properties of the entire X chromosome, including the preferential accumulation of multiple mono-methylated histone marks. [Research Article] Integrative Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Genome by the modENCODE Project 2011-01-05T01:55:48.427Z In 1963, Dr. Childs provided the first definitive evidence in humans that females use only one of the two X chromosomes. Dr. Barton Childs, Who Studied Inherited Diseases, Is Dead at 93 2010-03-09T06:00:00Z When people learn that Adam possesses two X chromosomes, they often ask his mother if he is gay. Mother labored to find reason for son's developmental delays 2010-08-24T04:00:00Z For one thing, females shut down an X chromosome in every cell, leaving only one active. Seeing X Chromosomes in a New Light 2014-01-20T23:07:16Z Instead of family pictures, Dr. Warren’s desk displays a framed photo of a fragile X chromosome. Promise Seen in Drug for Retardation Syndrome 2010-04-30T02:14:00Z Arms are not as sharply defined on the X chromosome. [Research Article] Integrative Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Genome by the modENCODE Project 2011-01-05T01:55:48.427Z Boys are usually more severely affected with the condition - which is the leading known cause of autism - because as they have only one X chromosome. 2010-02-12T00:00:00Z These disorders -- such as hemophilia and Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy -- are almost always seen in boys rather than girls, because boys inherit only one X chromosome, from the mother. 2010-01-18T18:24:00Z Every notch winged female has one X chromosome that carries the factor for notch and one X chromosome that is "normal". A Critique of the Theory of Evolution The sex is thus determined by the male gamete, the X chromosome united with that of the female gamete producing female individuals, while the Y united with X produces male individuals. Hormones and Heredity Generally, signals for active marks are weaker on the X chromosome than the autosomes. [Research Article] Integrative Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Genome by the modENCODE Project 2011-01-05T01:55:48.427Z Any egg fertilized by a Y-bearing sperm will become a male with white eyes because the only X chromosome that the male contains comes from his mother and is white producing. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution Half the eggs will contain each a white producing X chromosome and half red producing. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution The other half of the males have white eyes, because the other half of the eggs had each a white-producing X chromosome. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution The straight ones are called the X chromosomes, the bent one the Y chromosome. Hormones and Heredity It was seen that if in some way the X chromosomes failed to disjoin in certain eggs, the exceptions could be explained. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution The X chromosome in the male is represented by an open bar, the Y chromosome is bent. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution In the female the two X chromosomes are black. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution All the mature eggs of such a female contain one white-producing X chromosome represented by the open bar in the diagram. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution Half the eggs, therefore, contain an X chromosome, and half a Y, while all the sperms contain an X chromosome. Hormones and Heredity The X sex-chromosome is not in itself either female or male, since, as we have seen, either ovum or spermatozoon may contain a single X chromosome. Hormones and Heredity He remarks that the X chromosome must be a male-determining factor since in many cases it is the only sex-chromosome in the males, yet its introduction into the egg establishes the female condition. Hormones and Heredity We can only suppose that the final development of the sperms is the result of the presence of the single X chromosome in the successive generations of male gametocytes before the reduction divisions. Hormones and Heredity Any egg fertilized by an X-bearing sperm will become a red eyed female because the X chromosome that comes from the father carries the dominant factor for red eye color. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution The factor for red eye then is present in both X chromosomes of the wild female, absent from both X and Y chromosomes of the white-eyed male. Hormones and Heredity In the same way it may be necessary to admit that two X chromosomes result in the development of a female, and one X, or XY chromosomes result in the development of a male. Hormones and Heredity The ovum then with one X chromosome or one X and one Y changes its sex at the next reduction division and becomes male. Hormones and Heredity |
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