| 单词 | bitumen |
| 例句 | Loose stones had fallen from the cliffs, landing in the summer-cooked bitumen between the pilings, and sticking there as the tar congealed. Wilderness by Sarah Hall 2013-03-18T13:22:56Z He doesn't know it at this start of the journey, but that remove, flying high above the bitumen, is about as close as he will get to the subject itself. Ken Ilgunas' 'Trespassing across America' on the 1,700-mile route of the Keystone XL pipeline 2016-04-15T04:00:00Z Mr. Gates’s decision to use metals, clay, tar, and bitumen places him within a rich history of art in the last half century with political and social roots. Theaster Gates Turns the Stain of the Past Into Art 2020-11-25T05:00:00Z Whistler also painted Montesquiou in “Arrangement in Black and Gold,” which its subject adored, though “as a painting, it began slowly to collapse toward darkness, thanks to bitumen in the black paint.” Hanging With the Wits and Dandies of the Belle Époque 2020-02-21T05:00:00Z Earlier this year when quotas were tight, traders labelled a few Iranian heavy crude shipments as bitumen mix, prompting Chinese authorities to step up tanker inspections. Explainer: Iran's expanding oil trade with top buyer China 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z Earlier this year, customs stepped up inspections of heavy crude cargoes headed to Shandong after finding several Iranian shipments mislabelled as diluted bitumen to bypass import quotas. Analysis: China saves billions of dollars from record sanctioned oil imports 2023-10-11T04:00:00Z In Fire Weather, Vaillant travels to a city where money rules, nature is an object of conquest, and a ridge on the land has been “weeping raw bitumen that glistened like liquid obsidian.” When a Wildfire Burns a City Built for Extracting Oil 2023-06-18T04:00:00Z In April, tankers calling at Shandong ports experienced delays after customs authorities stepped up checks on diluted bitumen cargoes. Ports in China's oil hub Shandong scrutinizing old tankers -sources 2023-06-05T04:00:00Z A slurry of sand, clay, residual bitumen and water containing naphthenic acids and metals, tailings ponds can kill birds that land on them and are costly and complicated to clean up. Canada oil sands leak heightens First Nations' calls to clean up tailings 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z The tracks of the two companies don’t overlap, but connect in Kansas City, Mo., and would create the first direct route from Canada’s bitumen oil sands mines in Alberta to heavy crude refineries in Texas. Federal regulator approves first major rail merger in more than two decades 2023-03-15T04:00:00Z It would create the first direct route from Canada’s bitumen oil sands mines in Alberta to heavy crude refineries in Texas. Railroad merger draws increased scrutiny in wake of Ohio derailment 2023-03-14T04:00:00Z Natural bitumen, a tarlike substance, is thought to have come from the Dead Sea. Surprising mummy ingredients found at ancient Egyptian workshop 2023-02-01T05:00:00Z The team also found bitumen from the Dead Sea, along with animal fats and beeswax, probably of local origin. Surprising Chemicals Were Used to Embalm Egyptian Mummies 2023-02-09T05:00:00Z Many in the community hunt and fish downstream of Canada's huge bitumen mines, and wanted to know if the game meat in their freezers was safe to eat. Canada oil sands leak heightens First Nations' calls to clean up tailings 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z Earlier studies had analyzed mummies from museum collections and identified embalming chemicals including tree resins and bitumen. Secrets to making mummies revealed in ancient urns 2023-02-01T05:00:00Z In early December, nearly 14,000 barrels of oil known as diluted bitumen spilled in north-central Kansas, three hours outside of Kansas City, Kansas. Cleanup is underway for the US’s second-largest tar sands oil spill 2022-12-19T05:00:00Z The grass was blackened with diluent bitumen, one of the thickest of crude oils, which was being transported from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico. Keystone cleanup turns remote Kansas valley into a small town 2022-12-18T05:00:00Z The Keystone leak, for example, also spread bitumen, better known as asphalt, which sinks in water, making it harder to clean. What really happens when an oil pipeline leaks? 2022-12-17T05:00:00Z The report said that when diluted bitumen spills, a thick, dense material forms as a residue after exposure to the environment. Keystone pipeline rupture spilled diluted bitumen, complicating cleanup 2022-12-15T05:00:00Z The analysis revealed traces of animal fats, beeswax, vegetable oils, and bitumen along with multiple plant resins—ingredients that were probably mixed and heated to form ointments. Secrets to making mummies revealed in ancient urns 2023-02-01T05:00:00Z Diluted bitumen, or dilbit, is a natural oil sand found in sand deposits. Cleanup is underway for the US’s second-largest tar sands oil spill 2022-12-19T05:00:00Z Quest captures CO2 produced during the conversion of bitumen into usable crude oil. Readers Respond to the August 2022 Issue 2022-12-01T05:00:00Z The government expects bitumen royalties to hit C$19.4 billion this year and said non-renewable resource revenues were the main driver of the surplus. Canada's Alberta province forecasts C$12.3 bln budget surplus 2022-11-24T05:00:00Z “For this reason, spills of diluted bitumen pose particular challenges when they reach water bodies,” the report said. Keystone pipeline rupture spilled diluted bitumen, complicating cleanup 2022-12-15T05:00:00Z But first, they need bitumen, as Aussies call asphalt. Feral camels, deadly crashes: Can Australia tame its remote Outback Way? It's composed of sand, water, and bitumen, a sticky, black petroleum. Cleanup is underway for the US’s second-largest tar sands oil spill 2022-12-19T05:00:00Z Fort Hills is an open-pit truck and shovel mine, where raw oil sands bitumen is extracted and then upgraded. Canada's Teck eyes spinoff or divestment of Fort Hills oil sands stake 2022-09-29T04:00:00Z The fossil fuel in question is bitumen, which can be pumped as a fluid only at very low rates of recovery and only when heated or mixed with solvents. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z On built-up, modified bitumen, or single-ply flat roofs, warranties range from less than 15 to more than 25 years. Perspective | How to hire a reliable roofing contractor for your home 2022-06-20T04:00:00Z The terrain past Middleton erupted into small mesas of red earth and patches of pink mulla mulla flowers, then flattened out again as we neared Boulia — the last stop before the bitumen ends. Feral camels, deadly crashes: Can Australia tame its remote Outback Way? President Joe Biden on his first day in office rejected the permit for Keystone XL, which would have carried modified bitumen from Canada's oil sands to refineries in the U.S. Yellen says gasoline tax holiday worth considering as anti-inflation tool 2022-06-21T04:00:00Z Fibre from nappies is added to bitumen glueing together asphalt road surfaces. Nappies added to roads 'doubles life of surfaces' 2022-02-25T05:00:00Z Since then, Queensland has been using a process called foamed bitumen stabilisation. The engineers battling to stop global warming ruining roads 2022-02-10T05:00:00Z The rest were showing physical stuff — works made not only from paint, but also scrap metal, elephant dung, taxidermied pigeons, hairdressers’ endpapers, wax, wool, black soap and bitumen. Will NFTs transform the art world? Are they even art? 2021-12-18T05:00:00Z The bitumen “couldn’t happen soon enough,” he said; 165 miles of corrugated road had taken him five hours. Feral camels, deadly crashes: Can Australia tame its remote Outback Way? The bitumen tanker was seized on Tuesday heading into the congested approach to the Strait of Hormuz. MV Asphalt Princess: Suspected hijackers leave ship off UAE 2021-08-04T04:00:00Z After being cut off from the crude supply business, PetroChina Fuel Oil will be forced to resume importing fuel oil to supply its four bitumen plants and also expand into other businesses to boost revenue. EXCLUSIVE China tells PetroChina to stop trading off oil quotas with teapots 2021-06-08T04:00:00Z This injects small amounts of air and cold water into hot bitumen, the sticky dark substance typically used for road surfaces. The engineers battling to stop global warming ruining roads 2022-02-10T05:00:00Z The collision ruptured A Symphony’s cargo and ballast tanks, causing it to leak roughly 400 tonnes of its bitumen mix cargo. Work to remove oil from stricken tanker off China nearly finished 2021-05-04T04:00:00Z Town elder Harvey Murray, whose cousin was one of those killed, is conflicted over the booze and tourists that he expects to follow bitumen. Feral camels, deadly crashes: Can Australia tame its remote Outback Way? In terms of toxicity, specialists say bitumen heavy oils usually contain higher loads of many toxic components of oil than other grades. Factbox: What happens when there is an oil spill at sea? 2021-04-28T04:00:00Z And a heavily promoted technology to capture carbon dioxide and store it underground is only being used at a single plant that turns bitumen into crude oil. Trudeau Was a Global Climate Hero. Now Canada Risks Falling Behind. 2021-04-21T04:00:00Z The bitumen then expands and forms a water-resistant layer. The engineers battling to stop global warming ruining roads 2022-02-10T05:00:00Z He suggested that to get another contract, “I will have to look for bitumen,” a material used for blackface. Amanda Gorman brings the representation debate to the small world of book translation 2021-03-22T04:00:00Z And spill recovery may be even lower for spills of the diluted bitumen carried by Trans Mountain, which is the heaviest form of crude. InvestigateWest: Activists fight fossil-fuel pipelines 2021-03-16T04:00:00Z In the 1950s, the government of Alberta approved a project to detonate a 9-kiloton nuclear device near the town of Fort McMurray as a way of releasing oil from subterranean bitumen. Canadian lobby group attacks Netflix children's film for 'anti-oil propaganda' 2021-03-15T04:00:00Z On top of this, the oils from the recently laid bitumen rose to the surface and made the track extra slippery, even in the dry conditions on Friday. ‘A befitting win no-one else could deliver’ 2020-11-17T05:00:00Z Foam bitumen stabilisation has also been applied to other roads as part of Queensland's move to makes its roads more flood-resistant, and is proving more cost-effective than traditional asphalt. The engineers battling to stop global warming ruining roads 2022-02-10T05:00:00Z Yet there was something about the combination of a newly laid track surface, still seeping bitumen, and rain that was simply not working for Mercedes. Hamilton prepares for history 2020-11-14T05:00:00Z The company maintains the pipeline is safe and a boost to the Canadian energy industry and customers, including in Washington, that depend on products refined from Canadian dilbit, or diluted bitumen oil. Professor in a tree over TransMountain Pipeline vows not to come down 2020-08-08T04:00:00Z Transporting fuel to inaccessible terrains to melt bitumen for the road surface is expensive and arduous. The Himalaya should be a nature reserve 2020-06-22T04:00:00Z You could see where the prairie winds had blown away some of the topsoil and grass from the top of the structure, revealing an arc of bitumen coating beneath. Real estate for the apocalypse: my journey into a survival bunker 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z So far it has built 1,000km of foamed bitumen road surfaces and is "continuing to develop foamed bitumen techniques", according to its transport department. The engineers battling to stop global warming ruining roads 2022-02-10T05:00:00Z But in addition to being a fossil fuel, bitumen is difficult to extract and energy-intensive to process. Canada Oil-Sands Plan Collapses Over Politics and Economics 2020-02-24T05:00:00Z Reliance wants to shred these plastics and mix them with bitumen, a formula the conglomerate says is cheaper and longer-lasting. Reliance seeks to counter India plastics pushback with new road project 2020-01-28T05:00:00Z Officials say a mixture of bitumen, straw and plywood in the roof cavity of the seven-story structure was continuing to burn and firefighters can’t properly access the area. Fire burning for 2nd day disrupts center of New Zealand city 2019-10-22T04:00:00Z Fire and Emergency spokesperson Dave Woon said it was “a very, very difficult fire to extinguish” and crews were undertaking interior and exterior attacks, as bitumen, and insulation burnt. Auckland fire: thousands evacuated as huge blaze takes hold in SkyCity 2019-10-22T04:00:00Z Further research may be needed to find alternatives to bitumen and plastic which, after all, are both oil by-products. The engineers battling to stop global warming ruining roads 2022-02-10T05:00:00Z Canada wants to build the twin line along the existing TransMountain Pipeline in order to ship bitumen oil to overseas export markets in hopes of gaining higher oil prices. Trans Mountain pipeline expansion gets green light from Canadian energy board 2019-02-22T05:00:00Z Mastal disputed that Zenith would be handling what’s known as bitumen, which is a type of petroleum extracted from Canada’s oil sands. Petroleum terminal expands to allow more oil trains 2019-02-16T05:00:00Z That torrent of water flowing out of the spillway would scour the riverbed downstream, and that scouring could damage or rupture the pipeline, releasing diluted tar sands bitumen into the river. The fight to save clean water on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z Utah has the nation’s largest deposits of raw oil sand, or bitumen — enough to produce as much as 15 billion barrels of oil and potentially more, according to the Utah Geological Survey. Betting Utah Sands Will Be the Next Great Oil Source 2018-08-21T04:00:00Z “So to have porous bitumen doesn’t have such a big effect to cool the air.” Green space in every schoolyard: the radical plan to cool Paris 2018-08-16T04:00:00Z Acting on the principle that like attracts like, Dr Vasudevan looked at another chemical of similar nature: bitumen, a black tarry substance that was being combined with gravel to lay roads. The man who paves India's roads with old plastic 2018-07-09T04:00:00Z “We are not handling bitumen crude through our terminal,” Mastal said. Petroleum terminal expands to allow more oil trains 2019-02-16T05:00:00Z A National Transportation Safety Board investigation of that incident found that diluted bitumen breaks down into its constituent chemicals, including benzene, a known carcinogen, when spilled into a river. The fight to save clean water on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z A crew of men walked alongside it, shoveling in stray bits of bitumen. Perspective | From potholes to perfect pavement: My neighborhood has lovely new streets 2018-06-24T04:00:00Z An expanded Trans Mountain pipeline would triple the capacity of diluted bitumen and is expected to increase the number of tankers from five to 35 each month. The Squamish people are furious about the pipeline – and we aren't alone | Khelsilem 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z When molten plastic was added to stone and bitumen mix, Dr Vasudevan found that, true to its nature, plastic stuck fast and bound both materials together. The man who paves India's roads with old plastic 2018-07-09T04:00:00Z Records show the facility did handle diluted bitumen in 2018, and Oregon’s Department of Environmental Quality said it anticipates the facility will be handling heavy crude from Canada’s oil sands. Petroleum terminal expands to allow more oil trains 2019-02-16T05:00:00Z Before tar sands crude can be pumped through a pipeline, it first has to be clawed out of cliff walls with bucket excavators, then heated to extract the heavy, viscous oil known as bitumen. The fight to save clean water on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z But the pipeline will be shipping unrefined oil – known as bitumen – to be refined in the US and Asia. Did Canada buy an oil pipeline in fear of being sued by China? 2018-05-31T04:00:00Z A single diluted bitumen marine spill would be catastrophic for our communities, our economy and our home as a Squamish people. The Squamish people are furious about the pipeline – and we aren't alone | Khelsilem 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z The molten plastic then moulds with the bitumen and stone and results in a shiny tar surface. The man who paves India's roads with old plastic 2018-07-09T04:00:00Z To be refined, bitumen must undergo costly upgrading. I was arrested for protesting Canada's pipeline – and the battle is far from over | Elizabeth May 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z Bitumen is too thick to be pumped through a pipeline, so it has to be mixed with other hydrocarbons to thin it out, producing diluted bitumen. The fight to save clean water on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z This pipeline would carry diluted bitumen, among the dirtiest of oils, across our waters and the Pacific. Gov. Jay Inslee: Canadian oil pipeline is giant step backward 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z “I’m concerned there could be catastrophic consequences from a diluted bitumen spill, regardless of the owner of the pipeline,” Horgan said. Canadian government to buy troubled Trans Mountain pipeline 2018-05-29T04:00:00Z A regular road requires 10 tonnes of bitumen for each kilometre. The man who paves India's roads with old plastic 2018-07-09T04:00:00Z Since bitumen is a solid, there is nothing logical about proposing to move it through a pipeline. I was arrested for protesting Canada's pipeline – and the battle is far from over | Elizabeth May 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z TransCanada says that if Keystone XL ruptured, escaping diluted bitumen would simply float away on the Missouri, bypassing the underwater intakes of the tribes’ water system. The fight to save clean water on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z “Today’s announcement by the federal government does not reduce the risk of a diluted bitumen spill,” Mr. Horgan said at a news conference, using the technical name for the petroleum from oil sands. Canadian Government to Buy Kinder Morgan’s Trans Mountain Pipeline 2018-05-29T04:00:00Z The $7.4bn project, which still needs to obtain numerous local permits and approvals, would nearly triple the flow of Alberta’s landlocked bitumen to the west coast. Al Gore joins fight to block ‘destructive’ Kinder Morgan oil pipeline 2018-05-11T04:00:00Z A plastic road however, requires only nine tonnes of bitumen and one tonne of waste plastic for coating. The man who paves India's roads with old plastic 2018-07-09T04:00:00Z Harper’s position was that Canada should not export bitumen to countries with lower environmental standards for refineries than Canada. I was arrested for protesting Canada's pipeline – and the battle is far from over | Elizabeth May 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z Unlike in laboratory settings, when diluted bitumen spilled in Kalamazoo, its components separated, and the bitumen sank to the riverbed. The fight to save clean water on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z The prime minister said the project – which would nearly triple the flow of Alberta’s bitumen to the west coast – is in the national interest. Canada: Trudeau vows to push ahead with pipeline plans in spite of protests 2018-04-16T04:00:00Z The project, which still needs be obtain numerous local permits and approvals, would nearly triple the flow of Alberta’s landlocked bitumen to the west coast and dramatically increase oil tanker traffic in the Pacific. Canada: more arrests as protest against oil pipeline expansion heats up 2018-03-24T04:00:00Z So, for every km, the plastic roads save as much as one tonne of bitumen. The man who paves India's roads with old plastic 2018-07-09T04:00:00Z The bitumen road out of town soon turns to dirt, and farmhouses on big wheat properties are dotted every several miles. A Farming Town Divided: Do We Want a Nuclear Site that Brings Jobs? 2018-03-07T05:00:00Z But stray off the bitumen, and it is surprising how quickly pharmacology and neurology give way to philosophy: if a scalpel cuts into an unconscious body, can it still cause pain? ‘I could hear things, and I could feel terrible pain’: when anaesthesia fails 2018-02-09T05:00:00Z The plastic mix replaces much of the oil-based bitumen traditionally used in road building. Could plant-based plastics help tackle waste pollution? 2018-02-08T05:00:00Z “Our government has every right to consult with British Columbians on the best possible measures to protect our lands and waters from the potential impacts of diluted bitumen spills,” Horgan said. Canada: Alberta and British Columbia relations sour over oil and wine quarrel 2018-02-07T05:00:00Z On Wednesday a fire at a bitumen storage facility in southern Iran killed three workers and injured two others. Fire injures 31 workers at paper mill in southern Iran 2018-01-27T05:00:00Z Barges and articulated tub barges ship tons of oil to fuel ships as well as diluted heavy Alberta bitumen to Salish Sea refineries. Orcas and oil spills are a catastrophic mix 2017-12-25T05:00:00Z The bitumen that will be transported benefits neither Canada or the United States. Nebraska Allows Keystone XL Pipeline, but Picks a Different Path 2017-11-20T05:00:00Z Around 70 percent of the world’s discovered oil resources is heavy oil and bitumen, both highly viscous crudes that are more complex and energy-intensive to extract and process than lighter crude, according to the U.S. Statoil plants flag in Big Oil's race for 'cleaner' crude 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z But the country is still struggling to deliver meaningful climate change policy at home, and Mr. Trudeau in recent months has approved bitumen pipelines and liquid natural gas projects. As U.S. Sheds Role as Climate Change Leader, Who Will Fill the Void? 2017-11-12T05:00:00Z Travelling at over 70 kilometres an hour on damp roads, Porte lost control approaching a bend and momentarily travelled off the bitumen. Richie Porte's horror crash prompts questions of Tour de France organisers | Kieran Pender 2017-07-09T04:00:00Z “This is about a pristine Salish Sea being turned into shipping lanes for diluted bitumen,” he said. Fight to stop controversial Canadian pipeline gets fresh backing in BC 2017-06-02T04:00:00Z At 36 inches wide, it is three times more voluminous than the Poplar pipeline and will carry a far dirtier, more corrosive substance, dilbit, which transports the viscous bitumen crude and natural gas liquids. Life on the Keystone XL route: where opponents fear the ‘black snake’ 2017-05-02T04:00:00Z Around 70 percent of the world’s discovered oil resources is heavy oil and bitumen, both highly viscous crudes that are more complex and energy-intensive to extract and process than lighter crude, according to the U.S. Statoil plants flag in Big Oil's race for 'cleaner' crude 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z But most of the product will be derived from Canadian oil sands, a thick hydrocarbon known as bitumen that either must be refined into a synthetic crude or diluted before being put into a pipeline. Keystone debate: Is there really a need for so many new oil pipelines? 2017-02-04T05:00:00Z Some of the biggest producers of tar-sands oil or bitumen are Canadian firms including Suncor Energy Inc. and Canadian Natural Resources Ltd. Pipeline backers make big promises about jobs, growth 2017-01-27T05:00:00Z It would be unthinkable for us to turn away from their secrets, to allow the Iceman his privacy or to not scan beneath the bitumen to recover an Egyptian priestess’s tattoos. The Future of Privacy 2016-12-06T05:00:00Z Designed to transport Alberta’s landlocked bitumen to international markets via Vancouver’s harbour, the project will expand an existing pipeline to nearly triple capacity on the artery to 890,000 barrels a day. Kinder Morgan pipeline: Canadians intensify huge opposition to expansion 2016-12-03T05:00:00Z The expansion nearly triples the capacity of an existing pipeline to carry diluted bitumen oil more than 700 miles from the Alberta tar sands to Burnaby, immediately east of Vancouver. Trudeau OKs expanding Trans Mountain oil pipeline to B.C.; foes vow to fight 2016-11-29T05:00:00Z Trans Mountain Expansion project is designed to transport Alberta’s landlocked bitumen to international markets. Big oil v orcas: Canadians fight pipeline that threatens killer whales on the brink 2016-11-16T05:00:00Z In order to flow through a pipeline to a port near Vancouver, B.C., the tar-like bitumen mined in Alberta is diluted with light hydrocarbons — thus it’s called diluted bitumen, or “dilbit.” The tar sands’ threat to our waters 2016-11-06T04:00:00Z These are made from an aggregate of materials bound together by sticky bitumen. The hole story 2016-06-09T04:00:00Z The researchers on the study also want to look at whether oil sands projects that use underground injections of steam to release the bitumen are any better than those that use open-pit mining. Pollution From Canadian Oil Sands Vapor Is Substantial, Study Finds 2016-05-25T04:00:00Z The heavy bitumen in the oil sands themselves is not flammable, but the facilities and people inside are at risk. Firefighters protect Canada's oil sands battling 1,100 C flames 2016-05-24T04:00:00Z “It just seems rather insane to consider putting this amount of bitumen in a community of people.” Big oil v orcas: Canadians fight pipeline that threatens killer whales on the brink 2016-11-16T05:00:00Z This is an irresponsible position that ignores the best available scientific information on the behavior of diluted bitumen in marine environments. The tar sands’ threat to our waters 2016-11-06T04:00:00Z Kinder Morgan wants to triple the capacity of its existing Trans Mountain pipeline, which carries diluted bitumen from oil sands near Edmonton to Burnaby, British Columbia for export. Canada regulatory board greenlights Trans Mountain pipeline 2016-05-19T04:00:00Z The study takes a close look at what happens to the tarlike bitumen of the oil sands. Pollution From Canadian Oil Sands Vapor Is Substantial, Study Finds 2016-05-25T04:00:00Z The plants where the bitumen is separated from sand and then converted into a synthetic crude oil present a potentially greater fire risk. Fort McMurray Wildfire Upends Plan to Restart Oil Sands Operations 2016-05-17T04:00:00Z The southern plants, for the most part, bring the tarlike bitumen of the oil sands to the surface by injecting vast quantities of steam underground. Canada’s Oil Sands Industry Staggers After a Devastating Fire 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z If so, they should call a moratorium on marine transport of diluted bitumen until the behavior of such spills is better understood and adequate recovery methods are developed. The tar sands’ threat to our waters 2016-11-06T04:00:00Z Plus, temporarily shutting down bitumen production is costly. Oil’s Blazing Canadian Wake-up Call 2016-05-08T04:00:00Z Vapor from the bitumen is released into the air when it is dug up in open pit mines and later as the oil is separated out. Pollution From Canadian Oil Sands Vapor Is Substantial, Study Finds 2016-05-25T04:00:00Z The confusion of the community with the bitumen extraction industry is constant. There’s more to Fort McMurray than oil sands – it’s a real community | Aritha van Herk 2016-05-06T04:00:00Z Canada produces 7 million barrels of oil equivalent per day of bitumen, crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas, making it the fifth largest hydrocarbon-producing jurisdiction in the world. Why Canada’s Oil Industry May Never Be the Same 2016-04-29T04:00:00Z Burning graphite, molten bitumen, and radioactive debris—the misshapen half-atoms left over when uranium is split apart—were launched into the night sky. The Battles of Chernobyl 2016-04-26T04:00:00Z Mike Johnson came up with the idea after the bitumen on his friend's roof was constantly shredded by the wind. Vinyl LPs on shed roof puts new spin on old records - BBC News 2016-04-15T04:00:00Z Of 25 billion barrels of oil equivalent at the end of 2014, less than nine billion is in liquids and nearly five billion is in high-cost bitumen and synthetic crude. Why Exxon Is the Get-Rich-Slow Oil Play 2016-01-28T05:00:00Z Yarrabah, which is wedged between mountainous rain forest and the Coral Sea, first got electricity in the 1960s, followed by its first bitumen road, residents say. Aboriginal Brass Band Offers Burst of Hope in a Bleak Community 2016-01-24T05:00:00Z In fact, Amazon.com sells oil drums – just the barrel, not the oil – for $78, almost ten times the cost of the actual bitumen. This Is Where You Can Find the Cheapest Oil in the World 2016-01-15T05:00:00Z Tar sands are natural bitumen deposits which produce 23% more greenhouse gas emissions than conventional oils, due to their energy and water-intensive production process. Tar sands alarm as US crude exports to Europe rise 2015-12-08T05:00:00Z About half is heavy bitumen from Alberta’s tar sands, or synthetic oil made from it. Keystone flops 2015-11-10T05:00:00Z The president’s denial of the construction permit is not likely to keep one additional barrel of Athabascan bitumen in the ground, but it is not an example of “misplaced symbolism.” What the Keystone XL decision means 2015-11-09T05:00:00Z They come to the surface in the form of a sticky and impure mixture of clay, sand, water and bitumen. Keystone XL pipeline rejection signals US taking lead on climate change fight 2015-11-07T05:00:00Z Forget the fixed costs of development; just the operating costs of keeping a project online are significantly higher than the revenue that an oil sands producer would earn from selling their bitumen. This Is Where You Can Find the Cheapest Oil in the World 2016-01-15T05:00:00Z Along with groups such as the National Wildlife Federation and the Sierra Club, 350.org stressed the energy-intensive nature of extracting thick bitumen by heating the oil sands. Obama rejects Keystone XL project, citing U.S. climate leadership 2015-11-06T05:00:00Z Clouds of steam and pyramids of sulfur rose at the vast industrial machines to turn bitumen into oil. Why Keystone XL Is Dead 2015-11-04T05:00:00Z Below that price, the agency concluded, firms might not extract bitumen. Obama will decide on Keystone pipeline before he leaves office 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z Conventional crude oil prices are now below $50 a barrel, and the price is lower for the bitumen wrung from oil sands. TransCanada asks U.S. to suspend Keystone pipeline application 2015-11-02T05:00:00Z The plan was to carry diluted bitumen from the tar sands, across hundreds of waterways, over two major mountain ranges and through some of the wildest country in North America. Indigenous Canadians take leading role in battle against tar sands pipeline 2015-10-18T04:00:00Z Only one U.S. environmental group, the Natural Resources Defense Council, initially opposed the permit, arguing that extraction and processing of bitumen into heavy crude was destroying swaths of Alberta’s boreal forest. Obama rejects Keystone XL project, citing U.S. climate leadership 2015-11-06T05:00:00Z Up to 76 billion barrels of recoverable crude oil may be locked up in deposits of thick clay-like and hydrocarbon-lacedsand called bitumen beneath the state’s redrock canyon country, according to University of Utah estimates. Tar Sands Mining Moves to Utah 2015-10-01T04:00:00Z The price of Western Canada Select, the benchmark for diluted bitumen from Alberta’s oil sands, sank to roughly $23 a barrel this week — about half the price of an American barrel of crude. Breakdown at BP Refinery Strains Midwest Gas Prices 2015-08-13T04:00:00Z The technologies to unearth this heavy oil are expensive and difficult to master, involving steam injections to leach tarlike bitumen from sandy deposits. How China Slipped on Canada’s Oil Sands 2015-07-23T04:00:00Z The technology uses a generator on the surface connected by a cable to transmit radio frequency energy down the well and turn the steel liner into an antennae, heating the bitumen. Suncor oil sands project aims to replace steam with radio waves 2015-07-14T04:00:00Z Global Partners, based in Waltham, Massachusetts, is seeking an air quality permit to install seven boilers to warm rail tankers to facilitate offloading of dense crude called bitumen to Hudson River barges. NY to require further review of crude oil facility at port 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z One pipeline is already operating and sending hundreds of thousands of barrels of tar sands bitumen to Texas every day. Canada Pushes Ahead with Keystone XL Alternatives 2015-03-30T04:00:00Z Some of the tablets set out the day-to-day business of accountants and administrators - a chariot wheel broken, a shipment of wine delayed, the prices of cedar or bitumen. The men who uncovered Assyria 2015-03-21T04:00:00Z In the case of two fiery incidents in northern Ontario in recent weeks, the oil involved was synthetic crude from the Alberta oil sands, which is upgraded from raw bitumen, making it less stable. Ontario oil-train wrecks ignite worry over Canada crude flammability 2015-03-19T04:00:00Z Extracting bitumen from tar sands — and refining it into products like gasoline — is costlier and more difficult than extracting and refining liquid oil. Keystone XL oil pipeline: What you need to know about the dispute 2015-03-07T05:00:00Z Unfortunately, over 90 percent of its reserves are bitumen, the costly production of which nets only 4 percent to Canada’s gross domestic product. Keystone and the Riddle of the Tar Sands 2015-02-25T05:00:00Z Heating them yields not light, sweet crude oil but a heavy, higher-sulfur tar called bitumen. What If Congress Threw a Keystone XL Party and Nobody Came? 2015-01-16T05:00:00Z One is to inject steam into wells deep underground to heat up a thick, gooey type of oil called bitumen. Can Canadian Oil Sands Survive Falling Prices? 2014-12-22T05:00:00Z But light ends are also present in the condensate used to dilute raw bitumen and some heavy crude. Ontario oil-train wrecks ignite worry over Canada crude flammability 2015-03-19T04:00:00Z Spills may be particularly environmentally hazardous because bitumen, the oil extracted from tar sands, is distinct from its conventional crude counterpart. Senate Votes 59 to 41 to Defeat Keystone XL: Here's What You Need to Know At the 2012 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, Harper announced that the expanded production and export of tar sands bitumen was a national priority. Keystone and the Riddle of the Tar Sands 2015-02-25T05:00:00Z Shipping bitumen in new heated railcars is costly and needs special facilities at both ends. What If Congress Threw a Keystone XL Party and Nobody Came? 2015-01-16T05:00:00Z Extracting a thick bitumen from those sands requires a lot of energy because the sands must be heated. As House approves Keystone pipeline bill, Obama veto grows more likely The bitumen portion comprises 97% of Canadian oil reserves, spread over an area the size of Florida. Oil Sands Imports: Paying for Energy Security with Carbon Emissions 2014-11-05T05:00:00Z The company’s bitumen resources in Canada are produced using an enhanced thermal oil recovery method called steam-assisted gravity drainage. ConocoPhillips' Bitumen Production To Rise As Cenovus Starts Production From The Foster Creek Expansion Project 2014-09-19T04:00:00Z Pius Rolheiser, the firm’s head of government affairs, says success hinges on being able to separate and reuse the solvents pumped to the surface along with the bitumen. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z The ruling that construction of a bitumen or tarmac road across the park is unlawful sparked celebrations as well as new worries. Epic Animal Migrations Could Change with Global Warming 2014-08-13T04:00:00Z And to go with the numbers, he now has observations from the dribbles of bitumen inside the cabinet. Tedium, tragedy and tar: The slowest drops in science 2014-07-25T04:00:00Z The heavily contested Keystone XL pipeline would transport Canadian bitumen--the stuff extracted from tar sands--from Alberta to Texas. Protesters Arrested at America's First Tar Sands Mine And he’s devised a way to transform common plastic litter—not only thicker acrylics and bottles but also grocery bags and wrappers—into a partial substitute for bitumen in asphalt. India's 'Plastic Man' Turns Litter Into Paved Roads 2014-07-10T04:00:00Z This year Suncor began building facilities in Alberta to test melting bitumen with microwaves. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z One of the tankers was carrying methanol, used in making paints and plastics, and the other was carrying bitumen, a thick fuel used for firing boilers. Recent Tanker Hijackings Add to Problems in the South China Sea 2014-07-08T04:00:00Z Pitch, or bitumen, is the black muck left over from distilling crude oil, and can also be produced by heating wood. Tedium, tragedy and tar: The slowest drops in science 2014-07-25T04:00:00Z US Oil Sands estimates it will produce 184 million barrels of bitumen from its Utah mine once operations begin. Protesters Arrested at America's First Tar Sands Mine Instead they will see bitumen, road markings, perhaps some blurred spectators' faces, a forest of whirling wheels and Lycra-clad bottoms. What the Tour riders might not see 2014-07-04T04:00:00Z Steam is then released from the top well and over a few weeks can melt bitumen as far as 50 metres above and to the sides of the bore. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z Meanwhile, the US government is considering its first oil-sands leases on federal lands, as bitumen mining expands on state land in Utah’s Uinta Basin. Energy: Consider the global impacts of oil pipelines 2014-06-24T04:00:00Z There are other ways to get bitumen to markets, however, that do not require new rights of way. A go or a no? 2014-06-19T04:00:00Z The chemical mixture used to dilute the bitumen is a trade secret, but is known to often include the human carcinogen benzene. Protesters Arrested at America's First Tar Sands Mine One would bring diluted bitumen from Alberta's oil sands region to be loaded on to tankers. Pipeline fight for Canada's 'soul' 2014-06-17T04:00:00Z The sand is permeated with natural bitumen, a type of petroleum with the consistency of peanut butter. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z The Northern Gateway project, which the government approved on Tuesday as expected, would send heavy, oil-bearing bitumen to Asia, giving Canadian producers better access to the world markets. Canada Approves Northern Gateway Pipeline 2014-06-17T04:00:00Z He went on to describe multiple scenarios for spills ranging from 1.02 to 7.24 million gallons of diluted bitumen, the viscous, toxic, low quality oil derived from Alberta’s tar sands. A Federal Response to Navy SEAL's 'Threat Assessment' of Keystone XL 2014-06-10T04:00:00Z Because raw bitumen is too heavy and thick to flow easily through pipelines, it must be blended with around 30 percent of a lighter oil, known as diluent. Canada's surprise light oil boom delights oil sands producers seeking diluent 2014-06-06T04:00:00Z In that procedure, two well bores are drilled — one to pump steam that loosens the bitumen from surrounding rock and another that pumps it to the surface. Accident Leads to Scrutiny of Oil Sand Production 2014-05-03T00:26:22Z Steam can also produce bitumen from a reservoir half-a-kilometre underground, whereas strip mining is only economical for deposits less than 70 metres or so from the surface. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z Cenovus said it expects the first phase of Grand Rapids, a thermal development where steam and solvents will be pumped into the ground to liquefy tarry bitumen deposits, to begin producing oil in 2017. UPDATE 2-Cenovus profit beats on higher Christina Lake oil sands production 2014-04-30T18:56:22Z Keystone, as you may recall, is intended to carry carbon-dense, highly corrosive diluted bitumen from the Athabasca tar sands of Alberta, Canada, to refineries on the Gulf Coast. 3 terrible signs that our fossil-fuel addiction is getting worse 2014-04-01T15:33:00Z The mummification process involved asphaltum or bitumen, often in place of the removed organs. Mummy Brown: A Pigment Once Made from Mortal Remains 2014-03-31T05:12:58Z Never mind, too, that the process that turns bitumen into consumable oil is very dirty, even by the oil industry’s standards. Op-Ed Contributor: Is Canada Tarring Itself? 2014-03-30T22:30:12Z Germany’s Siemens is developing a system that floods a thick copper cable with an electrical current to create an alternating magnetic field to melt bitumen. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z Moreover, the sweet crude pouring out of the Bakken is of far finer quality than bitumen, the sour, thick oil sands extraction that is effectively steamed out of the soil beneath Alberta’s former boreal forest. Give Me One Good Reason Obama Should Approve Keystone XL 2014-03-07T16:34:53Z The decision will allow diluted bitumen and conventional oil from Canada’s west to travel across the United States through pipelines owned by Enbridge to the border at Sarnia, Ontario. Canadian Oil Will Take New Route Across U.S. 2014-03-07T02:48:47Z The oil sands contain more than 170 billion barrels of bitumen, a tar-like form of crude that requires more energy to extract than conventional oil. Keystone report raises pressure on Obama to approve pipeline 2014-02-01T00:30:15Z But they are also added to Canadian heavy crudes in the form of condensate, to dilute raw oil sands bitumen and help it flow through pipelines. Exclusive: TransCanada toughens pipeline pressure limits for gassy crude 2014-01-31T13:29:12Z Many operators now extract the bitumen without strip mining. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z Jennifer Winter, a research associate at the University of Calgary who recently studied the ability of Asian refineries to handle bitumen, concluded that sufficient capacity exists. Canadian Review Panel Approves Plans for an Oil Pipeline 2013-12-20T01:57:57Z The reversal of the pipeline and the expanded market it would provide for oil sands bitumen drew strong opposition from many environmental groups and some communities along its route. Canadian Oil Will Take New Route Across U.S. 2014-03-07T02:48:47Z Environmentalists oppose expanding production, partly on the grounds that extracting oil from the clay-like bitumen is energy-intensive and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions are high. Canadian government clears Shell to expand Jackpine project 2013-12-07T21:19:53Z With blending ratios of roughly one third condensate to two thirds bitumen per barrel, condensate demand would top 1 million bpd. Exclusive: TransCanada toughens pipeline pressure limits for gassy crude 2014-01-31T13:29:12Z There is no need for waste ponds because the sand is left underground and most of the water recovered from the bitumen can be cleaned with distillation for reuse. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z Canada disputes the figure, contending that much conventional production is more carbon intensive that oil sands bitumen. Canada Launches New Attack against EU's Proposed Dirty Oil Rules 2013-11-13T23:15:11.653Z The change will allow refineries that rely on overseas oil in Montreal, where the pipeline ends, and Quebec City to use both conventional oil and oil sands bitumen from Western Canada. Canadian Oil Will Take New Route Across U.S. 2014-03-07T02:48:47Z He saw a 40 percent discount to WTI as the long-term price assumption to evaluate bitumen projects. Special Report: The education of China's oil company 2013-10-07T00:15:27Z "Over 12 trains are stuck along the line, including copper, manganese and cement destined for Dar es Salaam and fertilizer, bitumen and sulphur for the mines," said spokesman Conrad Simuchile. Tanzanian-Zambian rail firm sacks 1,000 unpaid striking workers 2013-08-27T16:47:22Z The bitumen then percolates down and into the lower well, from which it is pumped to the surface. The steam from below 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z Because removing and processing bitumen from the oil sands and converting it into crude oil generates far more greenhouse gas emissions than conventional oil production, that would seem to be a tall order. Canadian Documents Suggest Shift on Pipeline 2013-08-26T01:06:25Z Other minerals are: 27 billion barrels of bitumen, 2.23 trillion tonnes of limestone, 14 million tonnes of tonnes of barites and about a million tonnes of zinc-lead. North Nigeria's poor beat path to nascent mining boom 2013-08-22T15:18:17Z The State Department is reviewing Keystone, which would transport bitumen from Alberta to refineries along the Gulf of Mexico, because it would cross an international border. Residential building fails to meet predictions; Keystone could harm parks, Interior says 2013-08-16T22:05:20Z But critics contend that the processes for recovering the low-grade petroleum called bitumen are particularly harmful to the environment. Leak at Oil Sands Project in Alberta Heightens Conservationists’ Concerns 2013-08-09T02:04:56Z A huge area is being destroyed with toxic bitumen ponds forming, lakes and forests being polluted and animals being killed. Alberta oil spills cause concern over Canada's approval of tar sands project 2013-07-29T13:17:39Z Bitumen is characterised in terms of hardness, and a harder grade bitumen is less prone to softening. When does tarmac melt? 2013-07-15T14:28:28Z Smaller than standard oil tank cars, they are equipped with insulation to keep the bitumen warm during transit. Analysis: Late to oil-by-rail, Canada faces risks in rush to catch up 2013-07-12T16:55:44Z One time in 2012 bitumen bubbled up so fast that it cascaded down the sides of the cone and flooded the building shin high. Oil Sands May Irrevocably Tar the Climate (preview) 2013-07-12T13:24:20.897Z The heat liquefies the bitumen and the pressure separates it from the surrounding sand. Leak at Oil Sands Project in Alberta Heightens Conservationists’ Concerns 2013-08-09T02:04:56Z Compare that with the leak of diluted bitumen from Alberta’s tar sands in Mayflower, Ark., which left a mess but killed no one. Are Pipelines Safer Than Railroads for Carrying Oil? 2013-07-10T12:15:03.687Z The rear of the shed is clad in old corrugated metal sheet painted in black bitumen. DJ's ship-shaped shed is UK's best 2013-07-04T07:20:13Z CN, the nation's largest carrier, expects to more than double last year's 30,000 carloads of raw bitumen and crude this year. Analysis: Late to oil-by-rail, Canada faces risks in rush to catch up 2013-07-12T16:55:44Z At issue are his remarks about the proposed Keystone XL pipeline, which would send bitumen from Alberta’s oil sands to refineries on the Texas Gulf Coast. In Canada, Pipeline Remarks Stir Analysis 2013-06-27T00:14:57Z Mr. Laut said that the amount of pressure needed to force bitumen through the protective rock layer “is significantly higher” than that used by the company. Leak at Oil Sands Project in Alberta Heightens Conservationists’ Concerns 2013-08-09T02:04:56Z Here in Christina Lake, environmentalists see another oil sands disaster, the production of more than 100,000 barrels a day of bitumen. Oil Industry in Canada Bolsters Efforts for Cleaner Production 2013-06-26T20:39:30Z The study, which was conducted by the National Academy of Sciences and released on Tuesday, found that batches of diluted bitumen were no more likely to corrode or damage pipelines. Scientists Find Canadian Oil Safe for Pipelines, but Critics Say Questions Remain 2013-06-25T23:57:04Z But the heated and coiled tank cars designed to carry bitumen require less or no diluent at all. Analysis: Late to oil-by-rail, Canada faces risks in rush to catch up 2013-07-12T16:55:44Z The committee was not asked to determine whether a leak of diluted bitumen would cause more damage to surrounding communities than a leak of other forms of crude. Diluted oil sands crude no more likely to leak from pipeline than other oil, study finds 2013-06-25T16:00:12Z The process allows the bitumen to flow to the surface through wells. Leak at Oil Sands Project in Alberta Heightens Conservationists’ Concerns 2013-08-09T02:04:56Z Canadian producers may also continue to use rail cars, particularly those with special heating coils to move heavy bitumen that can't be easily shipped in pipeline. Surge in U.S. oil-by-rail suffers first slowdown as spreads slim 2013-06-14T11:20:10Z Opponents have maintained that diluted bitumen, derived from Alberta’s oil sands, is more harmful to the environment and can be vulnerable to spills. Scientists Find Canadian Oil Safe for Pipelines, but Critics Say Questions Remain 2013-06-25T23:57:04Z As a result, more bitumen fills the car, reducing the cost of purchasing diluent, a growing share of which needs to be imported. Analysis: Late to oil-by-rail, Canada faces risks in rush to catch up 2013-07-12T16:55:44Z Owned by Koch Carbon, a company is controlled by the industrialists Charles and David Koch, it is a byproduct of processing heavy bitumen piped from the oils sand in Alberta to a Detroit refinery. Huge Petroleum Coke Pile Making Way Back to Canada 2013-06-06T17:47:09Z Like Keystone XL, the Northern Gateway project would carry tarlike bitumen from the oil sands, which is diluted with solvents to allow it to flow through pipes. British Columbia Opposes Planned Oil Sands Pipeline 2013-06-01T00:10:53Z "It is not clear from the evidence that Northern Gateway will in fact be able to respond effectively to spills either from the pipeline itself, or from tankers transporting diluted bitumen," Jones added. Tar sands supporters suffer setback as British Columbia rejects pipeline 2013-05-31T23:55:27Z Had researchers concluded that diluted bitumen was in fact riskier to ship, the study would have included an evaluation of whether current pipeline regulations were sufficient, the report said. Scientists Find Canadian Oil Safe for Pipelines, but Critics Say Questions Remain 2013-06-25T23:57:04Z Marathon Petroleum’s plant in Detroit processes 28,000 barrels a day of the oil sands bitumen. Mountain of Petroleum Coke From Oil Sands Rises in Detroit 2013-05-18T00:47:16Z Environmentalists say the pipeline will speed up development of the oil sands, where extracting crude from the oil-rich bitumen uses much more energy than does regular oil production. Canada PM touts Keystone pipeline in U.S., says must be approved 2013-05-16T19:54:21Z The pipeline would carry a heavy form of oil known as bitumen from oil sands formations in Alberta to refineries in Texas. State Department Criticized by E.P.A. on Pipeline Report 2013-04-23T01:20:06Z This grade is a heavy bitumen crude diluted with lighter liquids to allow it to flow through pipelines. Exxon to remove damaged part of Arkansas oil pipeline on Monday 2013-04-15T03:40:49Z Pegasus was carrying diluted bitumen at the time of the leak, but it was not from the oil sands. Greens ask U.S. to delay Keystone decision after Arkansas leak 2013-04-08T19:10:37Z The Keystone XL pipeline will provide Gulf Coast refineries with a steady supply of diluted bitumen from the oil sands. Mountain of Petroleum Coke From Oil Sands Rises in Detroit 2013-05-18T00:47:16Z Last week, Wood Mackenzie, the energy research firm, predicted output of bitumen from the oil sands, will increase by 540,000 barrels a day over the next two years. Analysis: Spills flame Canadian oil debate, but won't curb flows to U.S 2013-04-02T21:12:19Z It began re-evaluating the prospects last year for the complex plant, designed to "upgrade" bitumen from several oil sands projects into refinery-ready light crude. UPDATE 1-Canada's Suncor scraps Voyageur oil sands plant 2013-03-27T22:20:54Z University and government scientists emphasize an urgent need to fill the knowledge gaps surrounding what diluted bitumen is made of, how it reacts in the environment when spilled, and what its long-term biological effects are. Will Canada s Proposed Tar Sands Oil Pipeline Muck Up Its Pacific Coast? 2013-03-05T18:45:09.870Z Environmentalists say that oil sands petroleum and diluted bitumen from Canada is corrosive to pipelines. Greens ask U.S. to delay Keystone decision after Arkansas leak 2013-04-08T19:10:37Z Because the extraction of bitumen from those sands is an energy-intensive process, it emits more greenhouse gases than the extraction of oil from conventional reservoirs. Keystone XL pipeline will not have huge impact on climate, draft analysis says 2013-03-01T20:46:52Z Producing bitumen generates three times the carbon pollution of producing conventional North American crude oil. RFK Jr.: Why I got arrested at the White House 2013-02-20T19:22:00Z Once it is mined, bitumen requires large amounts of gas-heated to melt and separate it from the coarse grains of sand to which it is bound. More Oil from Canada s Tar Sands Could Mean Game Over for Climate Change 2013-01-29T13:15:06.563Z “I think it's fair to say, there’s been some purposeful denial that the bitumen is really something different,” says Steve Hamilton, an aquatic ecologist at Michigan State University who worked with the U.S. Will Canada s Proposed Tar Sands Oil Pipeline Muck Up Its Pacific Coast? 2013-03-05T18:45:09.870Z And then there's all the carbon that has to come out of the bitumen to turn it into a usable crude oil. How Much Will Tar Sands Oil Add to Global Warming? 2013-01-23T17:15:00.440Z Environmentalists claim diluted bitumen, or dilbit, from the oil sands is more corrosive than other crude oils, after a series of recent pipeline spills involving Canadian crude. Nebraska environment report favors revised Keystone XL pipe plan 2013-01-04T19:24:44Z Cenovus extracts bitumen by employing a technique called steam-assisted gravity drainage, which can be thought of as the opposite of mining. The Opposite of Mining: Tar Sands Steam Extraction Lessens Footprint, but Environmental Costs Remain 2013-01-02T13:15:00.280Z But bitumen exacts a heavy toll on the environment. More Oil from Canada s Tar Sands Could Mean Game Over for Climate Change 2013-01-29T13:15:06.563Z This mixture of bitumen and diluent is called diluted bitumen, or dilbit for short, but its precise formulation varies widely and is not publicly released. Will Canada s Proposed Tar Sands Oil Pipeline Muck Up Its Pacific Coast? 2013-03-05T18:45:09.870Z Then there's the carbon hidden in the bitumen itself. How Much Will Tar Sands Oil Add to Global Warming? 2013-01-23T17:15:00.440Z They produce 12,000 barrels of oil per day from a resource estimated to be as large as 30 billion barrels of bitumen. UPDATE 1-India state oil firms persist on Canada oil sands bid 2012-12-11T21:18:01Z Instead of melting the bitumen out of sand in an industrial plant after clawing the tar sands out of the ground, Cenovus melts it out in place with steam. The Opposite of Mining: Tar Sands Steam Extraction Lessens Footprint, but Environmental Costs Remain 2013-01-02T13:15:00.280Z If oil is the "devil's excrement" as a Venezuelan oil minister once complained, then bitumen is the worst of it. Pay Dirt: How to Turn Tar Sands into Oil [Slide Show] 2012-12-10T12:45:05.270Z The chronic, long-term effects of bitumen on an ecosystem present a similar blank, although the Michigan spill will provide some information. Will Canada s Proposed Tar Sands Oil Pipeline Muck Up Its Pacific Coast? 2013-03-05T18:45:09.870Z The new pipeline would transport a type of crude called diluted bitumen, or "dilbit." How Safe Are America's 2.5 Million Miles of Pipelines? 2012-11-16T22:15:03.993Z Newer oil sands projects pump the tarlike bitumen from underground rather than removing it through strip mining using technology developed through research financed by Mr. Lougheed’s government. Peter Lougheed, Alberta Premier and Oil Pioneer, Dies at 84 2012-09-15T03:36:18Z Melting tar Steam dominates the Christina Lake facility, where mushroom clouds rise into the wintry blue sky, pierced only by the orange glow of a flare near the bitumen processing plant. The Opposite of Mining: Tar Sands Steam Extraction Lessens Footprint, but Environmental Costs Remain 2013-01-02T13:15:00.280Z Tar-like bitumen needs to be upgraded into synthetic oil for use in refineries in order to produce gasoline or diesel. Nexen deal sheds light on China's oilsands strategy 2012-08-21T23:44:46Z The deal should help in China's quest to gain both the technology and operating experience it would need later to extract potentially huge bitumen, heavy oil and shale oil resources at home. UPDATE 1-CNOOC H1 profit drops 19 pct as costs bite 2012-08-21T04:40:48Z Its core ingredient — bitumen — is not pumped from wells but is strip-mined or boiled loose underground. Op-Ed Contributor: The Dangers of Diluted Bitumen Oil 2012-08-21T04:23:02Z The vast fields of bitumen and heavy crude oil provide significant development opportunities that enrich some First Nation populations. Lens Blog: Aaron Vincent Elkaim's Photos From Fort McKay 2012-07-31T13:35:50Z But the technology for melting bitumen out of the ground is still developing. The Opposite of Mining: Tar Sands Steam Extraction Lessens Footprint, but Environmental Costs Remain 2013-01-02T13:15:00.280Z Next to each home-made refinery are pits full of bitumen which is sold to road construction companies. Nigeria's booming illegal oil refineries 2012-07-26T04:58:04Z That technology is itself a recent breakthrough—essentially injecting superheated steam into wells to heat deposits of sticky bitumen, a form of petroleum, making it liquid enough to be pumped to the surface. The Hunt to Unlock Oil Sands 2012-07-24T01:15:32Z To get it through pipelines, liquid chemicals must be added to thin it into what’s known as dilbit, short for diluted bitumen. Op-Ed Contributor: The Dangers of Diluted Bitumen Oil 2012-08-21T04:23:02Z "Today's acquisition is the next step in our planned expansion in Asia as we become a global marketer of bitumen," Puma Energy's CEO Pierre Eladari said. Trafigura's Puma buys into Chevron's Vietnam bitumen asset 2012-07-18T03:51:40Z By using solvents, such as the hydrocarbon butane, in situ producers can boost the bitumen recovery ability of the steam itself. The Opposite of Mining: Tar Sands Steam Extraction Lessens Footprint, but Environmental Costs Remain 2013-01-02T13:15:00.280Z The rubberised bitumen itself is flexible and slightly springy, which enables it to absorb more unwanted sonic energy. Quieter traffic: When the rubber hits the road 2012-06-28T15:03:25Z But those reserves are only a 10th of the 1.7 trillion barrels of bitumen found in Canada. The Hunt to Unlock Oil Sands 2012-07-24T01:15:32Z Industry insiders long considered bitumen to be a “garbage” crude. Op-Ed Contributor: The Dangers of Diluted Bitumen Oil 2012-08-21T04:23:02Z Puma operates bitumen terminals in Spain, Angola and central America. Trafigura's Puma buys into Chevron's Vietnam bitumen asset 2012-07-18T03:51:40Z This future is melting bitumen where it lies at least 200 meters below the surface rather than mining tar sands. The Opposite of Mining: Tar Sands Steam Extraction Lessens Footprint, but Environmental Costs Remain 2013-01-02T13:15:00.280Z The United States Pipeline Safety and Hazardous Materials Administration is studying whether diluted bitumen is more corrosive and prone to dangerous spills than conventional crude, thus requiring special regulation. Canada Seeks New Ways to Get Oil Reserves to Market 2012-06-14T02:52:20Z The solvent dilutes bitumen, making it easier to flow. The Hunt to Unlock Oil Sands 2012-07-24T01:15:32Z In fact, dilbit is exempt from an excise tax that pays for oil spill cleanups, because the 1980 law that created the tax did not consider bitumen from the “tar sands” to be crude oil. Op-Ed Contributor: The Dangers of Diluted Bitumen Oil 2012-08-21T04:23:02Z "We operate over 100,000 tonnes of bitumen storage capacity, with plans to expand the footprint to over 200,000 tonnes within five years." Trafigura's Puma buys into Chevron's Vietnam bitumen asset 2012-07-18T03:51:40Z The thickened sand is scooped out, then boiled to separate out the bitumen, with the leftover contaminated and muck dumped in vast holding ponds the size of small lakes. The Opposite of Mining: Tar Sands Steam Extraction Lessens Footprint, but Environmental Costs Remain 2013-01-02T13:15:00.280Z In Canada, environmental groups and opposition politicians say Mr. Harper’s government is trampling on civil liberties and due process in its rush to get bitumen to market. Canada Seeks New Ways to Get Oil Reserves to Market 2012-06-14T02:52:20Z Unconventional energy, which also referst to gas trapped between layers of coal and oil found in sticky pools of bitumen, will be the focus of global acquisitions. China slows overseas unconventional energy acquisitions 2012-06-08T04:24:38Z The properties now on offer would be designed for steam-assisted gravity drainage projects, where instead of mining the bitumen is pumped to the surface with the aid of steam. UPDATE 1-Koch seeks buyers for Canadian oil sands assets 2012-06-07T20:03:29Z ConocoPhillips said in January that it is selling a stake in six Alberta properties that produce 12,000 barrels of oil a day from an estimated 30 billion barrels of bitumen. India's ONGC may bid for $5 bln Conoco oil sands assets-source 2012-06-05T05:53:59Z Harper’s Conservative government is determined to find more markets for northern Alberta’s oil sands — tar-like bitumen deposits that cover an area the size of Florida. Quebec students mark 100 days of tuition protests 2012-05-23T11:45:00Z Enbridge’s Eastern Access expansion plan involves moving bitumen from Alberta east to Montreal by reversing the directional flow in older pipelines that now carry refined oil westward to Ontario. Canada Seeks New Ways to Get Oil Reserves to Market 2012-06-14T02:52:20Z Canada’s tar sands, deposits of sand saturated with bitumen, contain twice the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by global oil use in our entire history. Wonkbook: What Obama's stance on gay marriage changes -- and what it doesn't 2012-05-10T11:59:46Z They are also unhappy about the amount of energy it takes to extract bitumen from northern Alberta's clay-like sands. Canada Set to Miss Modest Emissions Goals 2012-05-08T21:15:04.803Z In Canada, operators extract a viscous oil called bitumen from formations of sand, clay and water, using a process that consumes more energy and water than conventional drilling. TransCanada expected to reapply for Keystone pipeline permit as soon as Friday 2012-05-03T13:57:00Z Oil sands contain bitumen, a heavy black viscous oil that is extracted through open pit mining. Green Blog: Will Oil Extraction Harm Western Parks? 2012-04-30T14:20:04Z Also, oil from oil sands is exported as bitumen, a gritty paste that must be thinned with chemicals for transport. Canada Seeks New Ways to Get Oil Reserves to Market 2012-06-14T02:52:20Z Khasisatra enters a vessel, properly so called; it is launched, undergoes a trial trip, all its seams are caulked with bitumen, it is entrusted to a pilot. The Contemporary Review, Volume 36, November 1879 2012-04-25T02:01:12.830Z The smell of fire, the hot blast in her hair, the choking smoke of blazing bitumen, suggested to her only the thought of her own house decorations, her hangings, and ornaments, and stores. The Expositor's Bible: The Book of Genesis 2012-04-08T02:00:21.793Z They also made a number of ropes and nets from the rind of the macoa-tree, and obtained a quantity of a kind of bitumen or pitch, useful on board ship. The Sea: Its Stirring Story of Adventure, Peril, & Heroism. Volume 3 2012-04-03T02:00:31.900Z Directly behind the town are two bitumen springs, one cold and one hot, within 30 ft. of one another. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 5 "Hinduism" to "Home, Earls of" 2012-03-25T02:00:05.717Z A hard, compact variety of mineral coal, of high luster, differing from bituminous coal in containing little or no bitumen, in consequence of which it burns with a nearly non luminous flame. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z To treat or impregnate with bitumen; to cement with bitumen. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z For companies to mine Canadian oil sands crude, or bitumen, they must remove trees, along with approximately 2 meters of peat, sand and gravel, before reaching oil. Oil Sands' CO2 Emissions Could be Higher Than Thought 2012-03-13T21:45:00.200Z The ingredients thus employed were similar to the bitumen of Judea; most of them were gilded. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z There is also a shipyard at Hit, where the characteristic Babylonian boats are still made, smeared within and without with bitumen. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 5 "Hinduism" to "Home, Earls of" 2012-03-25T02:00:05.717Z Here the Babylonian story and P. have a strong general resemblance; note, e.g., the mention of bitumen in both. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 10 "David, St" to "Demidov" 2012-02-17T03:00:33.923Z To prepare, treat, impregnate, or coat with bitumen. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z It also emphasizes that about 80 percent of the oil in Alberta is not attainable by mining but must instead be produced in situ, using natural gas to heat steam to loosen bitumen. Oil Sands' CO2 Emissions Could be Higher Than Thought 2012-03-13T21:45:00.200Z In the mummies merely cured with salt, when this ingredient is abundant, the features are obliterated, the surface of the body having been smeared with bitumen. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z I about half fill a wine-glass with this pulverised bitumen; I pour upon it, drop by drop, the essential oil of lavender until the bitumen is completely saturated. The Evolution of Photography With a Chronological Record of Discoveries, Inventions, etc., Contributions to Photographic Literature, and Personal Reminescences Extending over Forty Years 2012-02-15T03:00:30.577Z The bitumen which floats to shore is also collected. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 10 "David, St" to "Demidov" 2012-02-17T03:00:33.923Z That of Dalmatia is so charged with bitumen that it may be cut like soap. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z The focus on reclaiming upland forests over peatlands is dependent on timing -- in order to restore peat, the mine basins must be spent of the valuable bitumen. Oil Sands' CO2 Emissions Could be Higher Than Thought 2012-03-13T21:45:00.200Z A solution of black hair has deposited a black matter containing bitumen, sulphur, and iron; and alcohol extracted from the same coloured hair a whitish and a grayish-green oil. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z It was an oleagenous process, mixed with bichromate of potash, or bitumen of Judea, and always smelt of bad fat. The Evolution of Photography With a Chronological Record of Discoveries, Inventions, etc., Contributions to Photographic Literature, and Personal Reminescences Extending over Forty Years 2012-02-15T03:00:30.577Z The origin of this bitumen is disputed: it was supposed to be derived from subaqueous strata of bituminous marl and rose to the surface when loosened by earthquakes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 10 "David, St" to "Demidov" 2012-02-17T03:00:33.923Z Having the qualities of bitumen; compounded with bitumen; containing bitumen. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z For dyspeptic pains and "bad blood" they eat bitumen. Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, Volume II (of 2) Including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs 2012-02-12T03:00:11.843Z The first species were found stuffed either with aromatic resinous substances, or asphaltum and pure bitumen. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z Negative photograph on bitumen, made insoluble by the action of light. The Evolution of Photography With a Chronological Record of Discoveries, Inventions, etc., Contributions to Photographic Literature, and Personal Reminescences Extending over Forty Years 2012-02-15T03:00:30.577Z We also find naphtha and bitumen confounded, the former being described as the solid, the latter as the liquid substance. Secret Societies of the Middle Ages 2012-02-09T03:00:11.637Z It may also look for a refining partner able to process the tarry bitumen produced at the company's oil sands project. Cenovus may seek partner with access to new markets 2012-02-07T19:25:32Z Our men took the opportunity of collecting the bitumen and rolling it into balls for future use, as it is esteemed a good remedy for dyspepsia and "bad blood." Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, Volume II (of 2) Including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs 2012-02-12T03:00:11.843Z Its interior was pitched with six šar of bitumen, and its outside with three šar of pitch, or bitumen of a different kind. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z The whole building is said to have been constructed of burnt brick and bitumen, with great skill and much ornament. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z Their nets they made of the bark of the macoa tree; a natural pitch or bitumen for their boats they found in fused heaps upon the shore. The Monarchs of the Main, Volume I (of 3) Or, Adventures of the Buccaneers 2012-01-23T03:00:11.530Z Sodom was built upon a mine of bitumen, as we know from the testimony of Moses and Josephus, who speak concerning wells of bitumen, in the valley of Siddim. Dealings with the Dead, Volume I (of 2) 2012-01-17T03:00:17.977Z These limestone cliffs exude much bitumen, and there is a so-called bituminous spring. Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, Volume II (of 2) Including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs 2012-02-12T03:00:11.843Z The Babylonian home-land of the story seems certainly to be indicated by the mention of two kinds of bitumen or pitch for caulking the vessel, Babylonia being the land of bitumen par excellence. The Old Testament In the Light of The Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia 2012-02-02T03:04:35.567Z It was a solid mass of brick, joined with bitumen, about 27 feet high; the outer walls, of burnt tiles, are about 10 feet thick. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z A goufa is a native boat made of pomegranate branches laced together with ropes and covered inside and out with bitumen. By Desert Ways to Baghdad 2011-12-18T03:00:22.240Z This tremendous gallimaufry or hotch potch, produced, as some suppose, an intolerable stench, and impregnated the waters with salt, sulphur, and bitumen. Dealings with the Dead, Volume I (of 2) 2012-01-17T03:00:17.977Z The limestone fragments which lay about, on being split, emitted a powerful odour of bitumen. Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, Volume II (of 2) Including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs 2012-02-12T03:00:11.843Z These often consist of mixtures of bitumen with linseed and other oils, resins, &c., in some cases incorporated with inferior grades of gutta percha. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 6 "Groups, Theory of" to "Gwyniad" 2011-12-16T03:00:12.320Z Here also there are buttresses, in which the tiles are cemented with bitumen. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z If the Babylonians, nevertheless, attempted to hurl down missiles from the roofs, the houses could be burned, and they would take fire readily, as the doors were of palm-wood covered with bitumen. The History of Antiquity Vol. VI. (vol. VI. of VI.) 2011-12-15T03:00:18.317Z Its very name establishes the fact—Asphaltites—so called from the immense quantity of asphaltum or bitumen, with which it abounds. Dealings with the Dead, Volume I (of 2) 2012-01-17T03:00:17.977Z It must heat several barrels of water to strip the bitumen from the sand and upgrade it, and afterward it discharges contaminated water into tailings ponds like the one near Mildred Lake. Alberta's Tar Sands: Not So Bad? 2011-11-29T17:56:03Z There are medicinal springs in the town, and deposits of liquid bitumen in the neighbouring hills. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 6 "Groups, Theory of" to "Gwyniad" 2011-12-16T03:00:12.320Z It adds, however, that the ark was at that period in existence, and its wood and bitumen used as amulets. Ancient Faiths And Modern A Dissertation upon Worships, Legends and Divinities 2011-11-24T03:00:37.917Z The bitumen being lighter, floats on the top, while the salt being heavier, sinks to the bottom. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z And the bitumen that ancient boat builders heated to seal and waterproof ships has been linked to lung cancer as well as tumors in the respiratory and digestive tracts. Mummy Has Oldest Case of Prostate Cancer in Ancient Egypt 2011-10-26T22:54:39Z Fairley says much of the region has moved to “in situ” harvesting, which pumps superheated steam underground to melt the bitumen in place before sucking out the mixture for processing. Alberta's Tar Sands: Not So Bad? 2011-11-29T17:56:03Z Their differences from resins and other oily matters are probably owing to time; the combinations of mineral acids and oils so nearly resembling bitumens, the principal difference being their insolubility in spirit of wine. Heads of Lectures on a Course of Experimental Philosophy: Particularly Including Chemistry 2011-10-11T02:01:05.817Z Environmental groups say the study underplays both the emissions impact of the new pipeline and the danger posed by a spill of crude from oil sands, called diluted bitumen, a hard-to-remediate mixture. State Dept. Assigned Keystone XL Review to Company With Ties to TransCanada 2011-10-08T02:10:25Z For the quotation from Pliny referred to, see Note 14 below, on bitumen. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z The wide deck was heaped with dry wood, which had been saturated with bitumen and intermixed with straw. The Golden Hope A Story of the Time of King Alexander the Great 2011-10-02T02:00:13.920Z That’s because the industry is not strip mining but, rather, deep mining for the 80 percent of Alberta’s vast bitumen reserves that lie far underground. Alberta's Tar Sands: Not So Bad? 2011-11-29T17:56:03Z His process consisted of coating a piece of plated silver or glass with asphaltum or bitumen, and exposing the plate in the camera for a time varying in length from four to six hours. Great Inventions and Discoveries 2011-10-01T02:00:30.900Z Keystone XL will carry a coarse mixture that includes bitumen drawn from the oil sands of Alberta. Rancor Grows Over Planned Oil Pipeline From Canada 2011-09-28T18:34:21Z The twelfth book gives us rules for manufacturing salt, soda, alum, vitriol, sulphur, bitumen, and glass. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z Wherever the bitumen fell it continued to burn, giving out smoke in stifling volumes. The Golden Hope A Story of the Time of King Alexander the Great 2011-10-02T02:00:13.920Z The houses are made with sun-dried bricks, cemented with bitumen. Turkey Peeps at Many Lands 2011-09-21T02:00:31.190Z If the flame breaks through to the surface at the top of a mountain, it may escape with enormous energy, hurling forth much earth mingled with sulphur or bitumen, and thus producing a volcano. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z The whole country is rich in natural oils and bitumen. Caught by the Turks 2011-09-09T02:01:01.073Z If the force is great the juice flows like pitch from burning pine ... in this way we know a kind of bitumen is made in the earth. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z The bitumen ate into the flesh of the soldiers. The Golden Hope A Story of the Time of King Alexander the Great 2011-10-02T02:00:13.920Z This is why Alberta’s energy minister told the Globe and Mail this summer that without Keystone XL Alberta would be ‘landlocked in bitumen.’ Dot Earth Blog: More on Tar, Oil, Pipelines and Presidents 2011-09-08T21:19:23Z The mountain might burn for a long time until at last its store of fuel in the shape of sulphur or bitumen would be exhausted. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z Curtains as black as bitumen draped to the waters from great heights. The Sea and the Jungle 2011-08-30T02:00:30.350Z Agricola maintained that not only were jet and amber varieties of bitumen, but also coal and camphor and obsidian. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z Other measures like more efficient removal and processing of the oil containing bitumen will reduce the rate at which oil sands plants create greenhouse gases, he added. Green: Oil Sands to Boost Emissions, Canadian Report Says 2011-08-08T17:21:11Z The real goal of the pipeline is to move tar-sands-derived bitumen from the Midwest, where it is currently backed-up, to Gulf Coast refineries. Dot Earth Blog: More on Tar, Oil, Pipelines and Presidents 2011-09-08T21:19:23Z Bernstein analysts Beveridge and Lou estimate that at full output it will produce 72,000 barrels a day of bitumen and 58,500 barrels of light crude. Cnooc to Buy Failed Opti to Increase Oil-Sands Reserves 2011-07-20T15:40:02Z Tar sands oil, a synthetic petroleum product derived from tar sands or bitumen, contains more toxic components than the sweet, or low sulfur, crude that Exxon and government regulators initially said flowed in the Silvertip. Exxon: Ruptured Montana pipeline had carried tar sands crude 2011-07-15T19:01:13Z These latter are first rolled in mud moistened with vinegar, to prevent the fire from consuming too much of the copper with the bitumen, or sulphur, or orpiment, or realgar. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z The oil sands, which contain a thick, sticky substance called bitumen, hold nearly 173 billion barrels of crude oil, according to producer estimates. Canada Seeks China Oil Sales Amid Environmentalist ‘Rhetoric’ 2011-07-15T04:47:13Z Most of Alberta's 1.5 million barrels of daily exports are extracted from oil sands, or bitumen. Canada Has Plenty of Oil; Does the U.S. Want It? 2011-07-08T02:49:20Z Those portions of the bitumen which had been exposed to the action of the light had become insoluble, and so remained while the lines which had been protected by the drawing were dissolved away. Photogravure 2011-06-19T02:00:24.663Z The graphite occurring in veins, if of vegetable origin, must have been derived from liquid bitumen oozing into fissures; and veins of this kind occur in later formations, both in marine and fresh-water beds. The Chain of Life in Geological Time A Sketch of the Origin and Succession of Animals and Plants 2011-06-01T02:00:24.880Z This easy reception of fire is a characteristic which bitumen possesses in common with sulphur. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z “The facilities are not at risk” and production of bitumen from the sandy deposits continues, Trollope said. Alberta Fires to Wane as Winds Ease, Lessening Oil Risks 2011-05-19T05:49:32Z The mining of bitumen and its conversion into usable fuel require large amounts of energy which in turn produce green house gases. Energy concerns 2011-05-01T22:06:14Z Tutankhamun was also smothered with embalming and anointing materials, thought to contain ingredients such as bitumen, plant oils and beeswax. Ancient DNA: Curse of the Pharaoh's DNA 2011-04-27T17:20:32.873Z The sludge is mixed with bitumen—a petroluem product similar to asphalt. French Plan To Clean Fukushima's Radioactive Water Detailed -- Including Risks 2011-04-25T13:35:40Z To the unctuous juices belong these species: sulphur, bitumen, realgar and orpiment. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z Efforts were made to keep the walls from crumbling away by building buttresses against them, and the bricks were cemented together with bitumen. The Religions of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia 2011-04-14T02:00:46.297Z Oil sands is the name given to a very thick form of petroleum known as bitumen. Energy concerns 2011-05-01T22:06:14Z The price for unprocessed, heavy Canadian crude—diluted bitumen—has risen, and more of it is flowing south through U.S. pipelines than ever before. Oil-Sands Pipeline Fuels Concern 2011-04-11T22:52:02Z Where the earth has given way, the face of the cliffs discovers numerous strata, consisting of reddish earth and small stones, bitumen, and a greyish earth, below which, near the water-edge, is a red stone. Voyages from Montreal Through the Continent of North America to the Frozen and Pacific Oceans in 1789 and 1793 Vol. II 2011-03-24T02:00:13.247Z The salt and bitumen forthwith collect and harden, while the oil is drawn off into casks. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z The bitumen is in a fluid state, and when mixed with gum, or the resinous substance collected from the spruce fir, serves to gum the canoes. Voyages from Montreal Through the Continent of North America to the Frozen and Pacific Oceans in 1789 and 1793 Vol. I 2011-03-24T02:00:11.430Z The seer had already brought cakes of bitumen and charcoal, and had kindled a small but hot fire. The Treasure of the Tigris A Tale of Mesopotamia 2011-03-22T02:00:16.873Z In some cases embalming seems to have been effected by immersing the body in a bath of molten bitumen. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Edison consisted in fixing two segment-shaped copper conductors in a steel tube, the interspace between the conductors and the tube being filled in with a bitumen compound. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z If it is sulphur, it is generally of a yellow colour; if bitumen, it is black like pitch. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z Instantly a flood of incandescent oil, bitumen and sulphur poured down like a wide sheet of flame upon the front ranks of the besiegers. The Pocket Bible or Christian the Printer A Tale of the Sixteenth Century 2011-01-27T03:00:40.940Z It was a bitumen well," said he, "and the seer purposely set it on fire through the agency of his gods. The Treasure of the Tigris A Tale of Mesopotamia 2011-03-22T02:00:16.873Z The blast at the plant, owned by Canadian Natural Resources Ltd, ignited the upgrader, part of the plant that converts bitumen into synthetic crude. Blast shuts Canada oil sands site 2011-01-07T17:36:42Z A later plan is to lay down an iron trough, in which the cables are supported by wooden bearers at proper distances, and fill in the whole with natural bitumen. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z Other attempts to connect Biblical reference to petroleum and bitumen revolve around Job XXIX., De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z Chesney gives a very interesting account of the simple and rapid manner in which the people about Tekrit and in the marshes of Lemlum construct large barges, and make them watertight with bitumen. Essays Upon Some Controverted Questions 2010-12-20T17:12:31.233Z He also carried another ingredient, a species of bitumen obtained from certain caverns, where it exudes from the rocks. The Young Yagers A Narrative of Hunting Adventures in Southern Africa 2010-12-20T17:11:52.020Z It's also developing its 35,000 barrel per day Taiga project near Cold Lake, a thermal development that will pump steam into the ground to liquefy bitumen so it can flow the the surface. Korea fund buys stake in Canada oil sands developer 2010-11-24T19:19:00Z In 1983 the company launches a pilot thermal development, using steam to liquefy bitumen deposits, at its Hangingstone property in northern Alberta. FACTBOX-List of Asian oil sands investments 2010-11-23T18:09:00Z The mixtures containing bitumen are also treated in the same manner as those containing sulphur, in pots having a hole in the bottom, and it is rare that such bitumen is not highly esteemed. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z The tar, known as bitumen, is separated and processed into synthetic oil. New Findings on Toxic Pollutants and Oil Sands Mining 2010-08-30T17:30:00Z "We expect to return to normal operations and average daily July bitumen production levels within one or two weeks," the company said in a statement. UPDATE 1-Opti Canada to raise $400 mln via senior notes 2010-08-11T12:26:00Z The upgraders convert the bitumen into synthetic light oil that is shipped to refineries in Canada and the United States. FACTBOX-Five facts about Canada's oil sands 2010-07-07T18:46:00Z However the cost to extract the tar-like bitumen contained in the oil sands is high. Total to buy oil sands firm UTS for $1.4 billion 2010-07-07T11:42:00Z As the title indicates, the discussion is upon the substances which flow from the earth, such as water, bitumen, gases, etc. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z Just last month someone used a bulldozer and plowed a two-foot-deep gash in the desert, unearthing the brick and bitumen remains of a stairway possibly leading to another cemetery. Looting of Iraqi Antiquities Thrives Again 2010-06-26T00:20:00Z However, the company is still firming up the size of the resources on its six large properties, now estimated to contain 8.7 billion barrels of tar-like bitumen, before getting into serious negotiations. Athabasca says more oil sands partners possible 2010-06-25T19:59:00Z The sands are naturally occurring mixtures of sand or clay, water and a dense form of petroleum called bitumen. Anger grows across the world at the real price of 'frontier oil' 2010-06-19T23:05:00Z Industry experts have said that oil prices have to stay above $80 a barrel to justify the multi-billion dollar investment needed to develop oil sands mine and convert the bitumen into refinery-ready synthetic crude. Total to buy oil sands firm UTS for $1.4 billion 2010-07-07T11:42:00Z Devon, Statoil and other companies are developing solvents that would lesson the dependence on natural gas for producing steam to heat the bitumen, the raw material separated from oil sands. Industry Strives for Cleaner Oil From Oil Sands 2010-05-19T00:50:00Z The company did not say how much bitumen, a tarry form of oil, the properties contain, saying only that the resource holds significant resources. Penn West, China fund to develop oil sands project 2010-05-13T16:59:00Z Its upgrader, which converts the bitumen into refinery-ready synthetic crude, is working reliably and the company expects Long Lake to soon begin adding cash instead of draining it away. UPDATE 3-Nexen profit jumps, Long Lake output rises 2010-04-27T16:19:00Z Tar sands projects, in which oil is extracted from bitumen deposits, require big investments in technology. Sinopec in $4.65bn oil investment 2010-04-13T06:41:00Z The proposed plant would use gasification to convert the heaviest parts of the bitumen into hydrogen to cut the need for natural gas in the processing. 2010-01-28T15:40:00Z In common with other forms of bitumen, asphalt is very widely distributed geographically and occurs in greater or less quantity in rocks of all ages. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" Mould, the earth of vegetables, is hardened into fissile slate, which being impregnated with bitumen becomes coal. Lives of Eminent Zoologists, from Aristotle to Linnæus with Introductory remarks on the Study of Natural History Asphalt, or Asphal�tum, the most common variety of bitumen; also called mineral pitch. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli There are bitumen springs entering the river here, but they are not strong enough to render the water unfit for drinking. A Kut Prisoner This was like adding bitumen to a blazing fire. Sages and Heroes of the American Revolution In its various forms, bitumen is one of the most widely distributed of substances. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" These, in their course, discharge less smoke than the first, draw out more easily into threads, and, when cold, have a dark colour, something like bitumen or pitch. The Eruption of Vesuvius in 1872 Since then other asphalte-rocks, as well as artificial preparations made by mixing bitumen, gas-tar, pitch, or other materials with sand, chalk, &c., have been brought into competition with it. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli At this place there were small bitumen works, these being the first signs of any modern industry which we had seen since leaving Bagdad. A Kut Prisoner Some of the pieces have the external appearance of compact bitumen, but they generally exhibit, in the cross fracture, the fibrous structure of wood in concentric layers, apparently much compressed. Narrative of a Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea It should, however, be stated that there is some difference of opinion as to the precise manner of production of some of the solid forms of bitumen, and especially of ozokerite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" Bituminous coal contains a large amount of a tarry substance, a kind of mineral pitch or bitumen, which burns with a brilliant flame and a black sooty smoke, exceedingly rich in carbon. Nature's Miracles, Volume 1 Familiar Talks on Science—World-Building and Life. Earth, Air and Water. Pour the full contents of the box of sulphur and bitumen upon the forge brasier.... The Abbatial Crosier or Bonaik and Septimine. A Tale of a Medieval Abbess An argillaceous shale, much impregnated with bitumen, which is very common in the Coal Measures. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology I could not satisfy myself whether this variety of colour proceeded from partial impregnations of bitumen, or from a brecciated structure. Narrative of a Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea In the scriptures there are numerous references to bitumen, among which the following may be quoted:—In Genesis ix. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" The evidence is quite conclusive; yet the fire has been imputed to the Syrians, and a tale was invented about ballistas which hurled against the House of God enormous stones and vessels full of bitumen. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 1 "Calhoun" to "Camoens" Three sari of bitumen I poured over the inside. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments Pitch lake of Trinidad.—Fluid bitumen is seen to ooze from the bottom of the sea, on both sides of the island of Trinidad, and to rise up to the surface of the water. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology Extensive beds of stinkstone also occur, and many beds of limestone containing fluid bitumen in cavities. Narrative of a Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea Herodotus alludes to the use of the bitumen brought down by the Is, a tributary of the Euphrates, as mortar in building the walls of Babylon. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" Pits of bitumen, a black, sometimes sticky mineral, which is found in the valley of Jordan. The Bible Story Three sari of bitumen I poured over the outside. Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments Muriate of soda, silica, and free carbonic acid are frequently present; also springs of petroleum, or liquid bitumen, and of naphtha. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology Trinidad has one wonder in it, a lake of bitumen some ninety acres in extent, which all travellers are expected to visit, and which few residents care to visit. The English in the West Indies or, The Bow of Ulysses The bitumen oozes out, and the coal cakes in burning. Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy studies of the earth and the stars for any time and place Alvarado's major-domo, to show his excessive grief, had even plastered all the walls of his house with a species of black bitumen, which stuck so fast, that it could never after be taken off again. The Memoirs of the Conquistador Bernal Diaz del Castillo, Vol 2 (of 2) Written by Himself Containing a True and Full Account of the Discovery and Conquest of Mexico and New Spain. The Fort Pierre beds are oil-bearing at Boulder, Colorado; and the Trinity formation bears asphalt and bitumen. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" The great advantage of this method consists in the high sensitiveness of the bichromatized albumen, at the same time preserving the solid reserve produced by the bitumen of Judæa on a metallic surface. Paper and Printing Recipes A Handy Volume of Practical Recipes, Concerning the Every-Day Business of Stationers, Printers, Binders, and the Kindred Trades It is pleasing to observe how the bitumen was first used, how it was moulded into form, and baked into hardness, by the heat of the Persian sun. Punch - Volume 25 (Jul-Dec 1853) Ordinary soft coal contains less, but still we can see the resinous bitumen frying out of it as it burns. Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy studies of the earth and the stars for any time and place The rock was then being mined for the purpose of extracting the bitumen contained in it for its use in medicine and the arts. The Scrap Book, Volume 1, No. 3 May 1906 The faithful band that served the hermit's will Lay in the hollows of the rocky hill, Where from the clefts the dark bitumen flowed. The Birth of the War-God A Poem by Kalidasa It was built of burnt brick, cemented together, with mortar made of bitumen, that it might not be liable to admit water. Bible Myths and their Parallels in other Religions Being a Comparison of the Old and New Testament Myths and Miracles with those of the Heathen Nations of Antiquity Considering also their Origin and Meaning But the style of Thomson is glue and bitumen to the loose and irrecoverable ramble of the Oriental bards. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 14, No. 81, July, 1864 He traces some curious connection between the plants which grow upon the mountain, and the supply of sulphur and bitumen to the interior, which is, at best, but partly intelligible. Etna A History of the Mountain and of its Eruptions It is a limestone, impregnated with bitumen, of which it yields, on analysis, from eight to fourteen per cent. The Scrap Book, Volume 1, No. 3 May 1906 Hydrocarbons, such as petroleum, bitumen, paraffin, &c., are also found occasionally in coal, but more generally in the associated sandstones and limestones of the Carboniferous formation. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" They "painted" the picture, and then just before exhibiting it "toned" it by glazing it all over with a large brush and some transparent pigment, generally bitumen. The Painter in Oil A complete treatise on the principles and technique necessary to the painting of pictures in oil colors These consist of two large open-mouthed jars, united with bitumen after the body has been deposited in them, with the usual accompaniments of dishes, vases and ornaments, having an air hole bored at one extremity. Vestiges of the Mayas or, Facts Tending to Prove that Communications and Intimate Relations Must Have Existed, in very Remote Times, Between the Inhabitants of Mayab and Those of Asia and Africa Over these there was placed a stratum of reeds, laid in bitumen, and above them another flooring of bricks, cemented closely together, so as to be impervious to water. Cyrus the Great Makers of History This art was carried on by the regular physicians, who made use of resins, oils, bitumens, and various gums. History of Human Society The bitumen, which is found in such large quantities in and near the lake, is a symptom and remnant of the volcanic nature of the region. Bible Romances First Series Fuel also in abundance might be obtained here, either from wood or bitumen; in fact, Mr. Taylor feels that if it can be accomplished, it would save expense on the voyage. Journal of a Residence at Bagdad During the Years 1830 and 1831 Asphalt cannot be very readily used for this purpose unless it is an asphalt oil with but little bitumen paste. Rural Hygiene Bitumen.—Bituminous materials are all soluble to a greater or lesser extent in carbon disulphide and the soluble portion is called bitumen. American Rural Highways They burn with an odour of bitumen, and, no doubt, misled my great-grandfather. The Life of Sir James Fitzjames Stephen, Bart., K.C.S.I. A Judge of the High Court of Justice They to the fruitful springs Apply blue sulphur, and the hollow caves Fire with bitumen; to the lowest depth They forceful penetrate, both this, and that. The Metamorphoses of Publius Ovidus Naso in English blank verse Vols. I & II It is in that country that amid its abundance of fruits and ordinary crops, there is a lake named Sosingites, near which bitumen is found. The Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus During the Reigns of the Emperors Constantius, Julian, Jovianus, Valentinian, and Valens The animal matter with which they were charged had been converted into a hard black bitumen. The Cruise of the Betsey or, A Summer Ramble Among the Fossiliferous Deposits of the Hebrides. With Rambles of a Geologist or, Ten Thousand Miles Over the Fossiliferous Deposits of Scotland Mixtures of mineral aggregates and bituminous materials for various purposes are proportioned with bitumen as a basis. American Rural Highways Travellers have also found traces of the same use of bitumen in the ruins of Babylon. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 There is no bitumen with us which resists water, hence we raise no objection to "bitumen" being rendered "pitch." Commentary on Genesis, Vol. II Luther on Sin and the Flood Here also is produced naphtha, an article of a pitchy and glutinous character, resembling bitumen: on which if ever so small a bird perches, it finds its flight impeded and speedily dies. The Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus During the Reigns of the Emperors Constantius, Julian, Jovianus, Valentinian, and Valens Asphalt and bitumen are not used as energy resources, but they have so much in common with oil in occurrence and origin that they are included in this chapter. The Economic Aspect of Geology It is the bitumen that gives to the materials the cementing properties utilized in road construction. American Rural Highways The lower course of bricks is set in a bed of bitumen which separates it from the earth and prevents any dampness passing either up or down. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 But what is meant by bitumen, I do not know. Commentary on Genesis, Vol. II Luther on Sin and the Flood The face was still hidden under its mask of linen and bitumen, which could not be easily detached, for it had been firmly fixed by an indefinite number of centuries. The Works of Theophile Gautier, Volume 5 The Romance of a Mummy and Egypt Asphalt and bitumen find their main use in paving. The Economic Aspect of Geology These materials are obtained from crude petroleum or semi-solid native bitumens, in which case they are usually called malthas. American Rural Highways Fragments of bitumen are everywhere to be picked up among the débris about these buildings, upon which it must have been used for mortar. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 Third Best.—Brownish yellow; this tint depends on the amount of bitumen which it contains. Scientific American Supplement, No. 647, May 26, 1888 Some of the plates had become semi-opaque, no doubt owing to the heat of the boiling bitumen which had been poured over them, and then had slowly cooled. The Works of Theophile Gautier, Volume 5 The Romance of a Mummy and Egypt The original liquid character of some of these bitumens is shown by occasional fragments of unworn "country rock" imbedded in the veins. The Economic Aspect of Geology The basketwork boats mentioned by Herodotus as being used on the Tigris and Euphrates were round and covered with bitumen. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 3 "Banks" to "Bassoon" The stones of the lower courses were held together by mortar, those of the upper ones by bitumen. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 Lower Miocene.—Rock salt; blue marl, containing petroleum and bitumen; flintstone; ferruginous clay, mixed with aragonite and bituminous schists; ferruginous and silicious sandstone. Scientific American Supplement, No. 647, May 26, 1888 The worm of the sepulchre, which can find a way through the closest biers, had itself retreated, driven back by the bitter scent of the bitumen and the aromatic essences. The Works of Theophile Gautier, Volume 5 The Romance of a Mummy and Egypt The so-called pitch consists of a mixture of bitumen, water, mineral and vegetable matter, the whole inflated with gas, which escapes to some extent and keeps the mass in a state of constant ebullition. The Economic Aspect of Geology At various points, especially at Hit, and from Hit southward along the edge of the Arabian plateau occur bitumen, naphtha and white petroleum springs, all of which remain undeveloped. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" At Babylon they were attached to the wall with bitumen. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 Yet no trace of mummy-cloth, dried skin, hair, or bitumen was ever met with in the earlier cemetery. El Kab Imagine a pagne made of narrow strips bedizened with red and black hieroglyphics, weighted with bitumen, and apparently belonging to a mummy newly unswathed. Humorous Ghost Stories Thus the elastic gum, or caoutchouc, and some fossile bitumens, when drawn out to a great length, contract themselves by their elasticity, like an animal fibre by stimulus. The Temple of Nature; or, the Origin of Society A Poem, with Philosophical Notes One vast sheet of bitumen extends until lost amidst luxuriant vegetation. The Life of Thomas, Lord Cochrane, Tenth Earl of Dundonald, Vol. II At the feet of each statue there were two stone tablets, set in most cases in the bitumen with which the cavity was lined. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 The preservatives appear to have been of two classes, bituminous and saline, consisting, in the first class, of gums, resins, asphaltum, and pure bitumen, with, doubtless, some astringent barks powders, etc.., rubbed in. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. They were dignified old personages, or dried up, shriveled, wrinkled-like parchment, and blackened with naphtha and bitumen. Humorous Ghost Stories It was 300 cubits in length, 50 in breadth, and 30 in height; and of whatever materials it was constructed, it was pitched over or pay'd with bitumen. The Sailor's Word-Book An Alphabetical Digest of Nautical Terms, including Some More Especially Military and Scientific, but Useful to Seamen; as well as Archaisms of Early Voyagers, etc. Some of the recent bitumen has an odour resembling vegetable gum. The Life of Thomas, Lord Cochrane, Tenth Earl of Dundonald, Vol. II Mats, cushions, and bandages had all been treated with bitumen. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 On the eastern slopes of Mount Hermon there are a few bitumen pits from which a small quantity of ore of excellent quality is yearly exported to England. The Contemporary Review, January 1883 Vol 43, No. 1 The kufa was made of rushes daubed with bitumen, and sometimes covered with a skin. Babylonians and Assyrians, Life and Customs About ten lengths of pipe were laid per day by one gang of men, one jointer and his assistant making all the cement and bitumen joints as fast as the gang could lay the pipes. Concrete Construction Methods and Costs This bitumen, which had flowed upwards of a mile from the lake, was combined with earthy and other substances which it had encountered in its course. The Life of Thomas, Lord Cochrane, Tenth Earl of Dundonald, Vol. II Sailors approaching the coast in a fog can recognize the Santa Barbara Channel by the smell of bitumen which floats on the water. Life at Puget Sound: With Sketches of Travel in Washington Territory, British Columbia, Oregon and California To these might be added numerous other products, such as bitumen, soda, salt, hemp, cotton, madder-root, wool, &c. The Contemporary Review, January 1883 Vol 43, No. 1 The dull coal is called bituminous, because it contains more bitumen or mineral pitch. Diggers in the Earth In laying, the pipes were adjusted end to end and the joint enclosed by a temporary steel ring inside which the bitumen seal, Fig. Concrete Construction Methods and Costs All excavation has consequently ceased, and so low is the estimation in which the bitumen is held, that the duty on embarkation is only one halfpenny per ton. The Life of Thomas, Lord Cochrane, Tenth Earl of Dundonald, Vol. II She placed me in a basket of rushes," the king is further made to say; "with bitumen the door of my ark she closed. Chaldea From the Earliest Times to the Rise of Assyria American stone axes are grooved to receive a handle made by an ingenious adaptation of roots and branches with pitch or bitumen. Folkways A Study of the Sociological Importance of Usages, Manners, Customs, Mores, and Morals It is not unusual to find mummy cases smeared with bitumen; there is a mummy of a priestess in the next gallery which is completely coated with bitumen except the gilded face. The Eye of Osiris Natural asphalt containing not less than 95 per cent bitumen was specified. Concrete Construction Methods and Costs The nature of this bitumen is very different from that of coal. The Life of Thomas, Lord Cochrane, Tenth Earl of Dundonald, Vol. II Sometimes there is only one jar of much larger size, but of the same shape, with a similar cover, also made fast with bitumen, or else the mouth is closed with bricks. Chaldea From the Earliest Times to the Rise of Assyria Sometimes the body, enveloped in the cloth, was covered with bitumen. Chambers's Edinburgh Journal, No. 455 Volume 18, New Series, September 18, 1852 Isn't there some story about a picture of Reynolds's in which bitumen had been used? The Eye of Osiris The boat was made of the broad leaves of papyrus tightened together by bitumen. The Wedding Ring A Series of Discourses for Husbands and Wives and Those Contemplating Matrimony Indeed the bitumen beneath this road seems still to be on the move, as shown by curvilineal ridges on its surface, like waves receding from a stone thrown into water. The Life of Thomas, Lord Cochrane, Tenth Earl of Dundonald, Vol. II Hit, ancient Is, on the Euphrates, springs of bitumen at, 44. Chaldea From the Earliest Times to the Rise of Assyria Then she painted it inside and out with black bitumen, until not a drop of water could get in. Children of the Old Testament I have heard of instances in which the bitumen coatings have softened under certain circumstances and become quite 'tacky.' The Eye of Osiris Oh, yes; the sixty centuries of the world's history have never had so much involved in the arrival of any ship at any port as in the landing of that papyrus boat calked with bitumen. The Wedding Ring A Series of Discourses for Husbands and Wives and Those Contemplating Matrimony I saw the naked body of Rameses II. in the Cairo Museum; it had been preserved with bitumen, and was black and hard, but perfect, and will last forever. A Fantasy of Mediterranean Travel I saw to the chinks and filled them; I poured bitumen over its outer side and over its inner side. Chaldea From the Earliest Times to the Rise of Assyria |
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