| 单词 | transpiration |
| 例句 | Green leaf packages prevent nutrients from being lost through evaporation or transpiration. Nigeria’s street food adds to the plastic problem — green leaves offer a solution 2023-05-16T04:00:00Z The reason for this is that when the atmosphere warms, most leaves cool themselves by releasing water — a process called transpiration. Tropical forests may be warming to a point where plant photosynthesis fails, study warns 2023-08-26T04:00:00Z Wind can be an important abiotic factor because it influences the rate of evaporation and transpiration. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The thin shape of the needles and their waxy cuticle limits water loss through transpiration. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Tamir Klein, a tree eco-physiologist who heads the Weizmann Tree Lab in Israel, was the lead researcher on the 2022 article that concluded the trees’ damage was the result of drought and failed transpiration. How extreme heat scorched Pacific Northwest’s evergreen trees 2023-02-13T05:00:00Z Not only do trees filter pollutants from air and quell storm water runoff, they also help cool surface temperatures during extreme heat waves with shade and transpiration. A battle to save Beverly Hills' shady ficus trees is underway 2023-02-13T05:00:00Z Plants draw water up through their roots and release water vapor into the air through their leaves, a process called transpiration. What is a flash drought? An earth scientist explains 2022-11-22T05:00:00Z A blowup of a leaf shows that transpiration draws water from the leaf through the stoma. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The role of stomata, guard cells, and trichomes in transpiration are explored in the Transport of Water and Solutes in Plants module. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Plants also take up water from the ground and release it through transpiration from their leaves. Climate change is intensifying the water cycle, bringing more powerful storms and flooding 2022-08-01T04:00:00Z The combination of transpiration and capillary action lifts water upward through the xylem tissues of a plant. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Ecologists combine transpiration and evaporation into a single term that describes water returned to the atmosphere: evapotranspiration. Environmental Biology 2018-09-06T00:00:00Z Lateral sieve areas on the side of the column allow different phloem tubes to interact.Part b shows the transpiration of water up the tubes of the xylem from a root sink cell. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Water potential and transpiration influence how water is transported through the xylem in plants. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Plants contribute significant amounts of water vapor as a byproduct of photosynthesis in a process called transpiration. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Force in water transport is provided by water evaporation from leaves during transpiration. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Its trees discharge water into the atmosphere through their stems, leaves and flowers through a process called transpiration. Amazon deforestation hits six-year high in Brazil 2022-07-08T04:00:00Z This transpiration cools the air, as energy is required to convert the liquid water to vapor. Climate change could expand forests. But will they cool the planet? 2022-05-19T04:00:00Z Under drought conditions, the stomata open its pores wider in order to perform a better rate of transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It’s the sum of evaporation and transpiration from plants, and it’s driven by warmer global temperatures, which can be attributed to climate change. A 'thirsty' atmosphere is propelling Northern California's drought into the record books 2021-09-25T04:00:00Z When water is scarce, water pressure in guard cells decreases and stomata close, reducing water loss by limiting transpiration. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Much of the traffic involves transpiration of crude oil from the Middle East to Europe and the U.S. Suez Canal blockage adds to pressure points in global trade 2021-03-28T04:00:00Z The process, the arboreal equivalent of sweating, is known as transpiration. A controversial Russian theory claims forests don’t just make rain—they make wind 2020-06-18T04:00:00Z Plants lose water from their aboveground surfaces in the process of transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This is done by the transpiration of billions of plants. The Amazon: on the frontline of a global battle to tackle the climate crisis 2019-11-17T05:00:00Z High transpiration rates, or water loss, lead to wilting, or pressure loss in leaves. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z As a bonus, transpiration from the crops cools the panels, protecting them from overheating and making them more efficient. Opinion | Solar panels belong on farms 2019-09-19T04:00:00Z The journey involves several stages—cycles of transpiration followed by downwind rain and subsequent transpiration—and takes 6 months or more. A controversial Russian theory claims forests don’t just make rain—they make wind 2020-06-18T04:00:00Z The plant needs less water as temperature increases, so transpiration slows down to limit water uptake by the roots. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z But exceptionally high temperatures are known to greatly reduce photosynthesis—and most existing plant models suggest this should also decrease transpiration, leaving trees in danger of fatally overheating. Trees Sweat to Keep Cool 2018-04-12T04:00:00Z Consider transpiration, in which plants draw up water and release it as vapour. There’s another story to tell about climate change. And it starts with water | Judith D Schwartz 2017-04-03T04:00:00Z Some of it is used in photosynthesis, but much of it is lost through evaporation and transpiration through the leaves and stems. Sierra Nevada Snow Won’t End California’s Thirst 2016-04-11T04:00:00Z This timing shift means less water evaporates off of the leaves through transpiration. Does Agave Hold the Secret to Drought-Resistant Farming? 2015-07-13T04:00:00Z Plants have a number of interesting features on their leaves, such as leaf hairs and a waxy cuticle, that serve to decrease the rate of water loss via transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z These pores also release water via transpiration, which circulates nutrients through the plant and helps cool it by evaporation. Trees Sweat to Keep Cool 2018-04-12T04:00:00Z They are in the “bring you whatever you want regardless of where you are” business and the transpiration angle is a first step to enable them to spread like wildfire. Why Uber Isn't Really In The Transportation Business 2015-04-14T04:00:00Z Dry areas, moreover, will be warmer, increasing loss of water through evaporation and transpiration. In Parched California, Innovation, Like Water, Has a Limit 2015-04-07T04:00:00Z “Lacking the evaporative cooling that transpiration provides, they will just cook.” Protein tweak boosts plants' drought tolerance 2015-02-03T05:00:00Z To survive, they need prop roots, reduced foliage and fleshy leaves with sunken stomata to reduce transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It is pulled up the trunk out along the branches and in to the leaves by the process of transpiration - the flow of water through a plant. Garlic injection for tree disease 2014-10-07T04:00:00Z “Community-powered transpiration–neighbors driving neighbors in their personal cars–ensures broader access to more affordable rides in places with limited transit options.” Lyft Finally Launches in New York, Just Without Any Sharing 2014-07-25T04:00:00Z That could increase evaporation from the ground and transpiration from plants. Oklahoma drought kindles spectre of 1930s 'Dust Bowl' 2014-07-02T04:00:00Z These variables included evaporation, transpiration, sensible heat flux and precipitation for the Earth’s atmosphere, and surface pH for the ocean. The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability 2013-10-11T14:21:04.850Z To survive, they need deep roots, reduced foliage and fleshy leaves with sunken stomata to reduce transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “There are plants that cleverly change their mechanism to continue transpiration,” says Kumar, referring to the process by which plants control water loss through stomata — the openings that also draw in carbon dioxide. Plant breeding: Discovery in a dry spell 2013-09-25T21:50:44.027Z Furrow irrigation, like that found in the orchards of California, is 64% efficient at getting water into plants for transpiration and growth, as opposed to being lost through evaporation or percolation deep into the soil. Water: The flow of technology 2013-09-25T21:50:42.130Z This means that less water escapes through transpiration, which makes plants better able to withstand heat and drought. Experiment aims to steep rainforest in carbon dioxide 2013-04-24T17:20:19.207Z This study estimates that roughly half of the solar power absorbed by the Earth’s continental surface goes into driving plant transpiration. Plant Life Floods Earth's Atmosphere 2013-04-23T17:45:10.803Z To survive, they need deep roots, reduced foliage and fleshy leaves with sunken stomata to reduce transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Here's a snapshot of the concept: The concentration of trees in wooded areas means a high rate of transpiration. Clearing Forests May Transform Local and Global Climate 2013-03-04T11:15:00.477Z “About 50 percent of the rain that falls in the Amazon is generated by the forest itself, through transpiration and evaporation,” Asner says. Is the Amazon Rainforest Drying Out? 2012-12-24T20:15:00.177Z The transpiration of the leaves may be so increased that the roots cannot repair the loss. A Review of the Systems of Ethics Founded on the Theory of Evolution 2012-03-17T02:01:00.033Z The skin is hot and dry, and cutaneous transpiration nearly checked. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z To survive, they need deep roots, increased foliage, and fleshy leaves with sunken stomata to reduce transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Fortunately such transpiration of fresh air took place through the snow as saved them from harm. True Tales of Arctic Heroism in the New World 2012-03-13T02:00:24.640Z In the Memoirs of the Queen of Navarre, we read that Catherine de Medicis was a perfect nosegay; and Cujacius and Lord Herbert of Cherbury were equally distinguished by the suavity of their transpiration. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z We shall not form conjectures on the nature of this virtue or divine transpiration. Ecce Homo! A Critical Inquiry into the History of Jesus of Nazareth: Being a Rational Analysis of the Gospels 2012-03-06T03:00:27.910Z Chilling the surface and checking cutaneous transpiration appear to be the immediate cause of this inflammation in a considerable proportion of cases. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z This interaction controls photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The comparative dryness of the atmosphere in spring also causes a greater amount of transpiration then than in autumn and winter. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 7 "Horticulture" to "Hudson Bay" 2012-03-04T03:00:13.390Z In other cases Fungi, and even Bacteria, have been found to have made their way into the principal vessels, the lumina of which they stop up, thus reducing the transpiration current. Disease in Plants 2012-03-01T03:00:22Z The substance used to stop transpiration must not be soluble in watery fluids, or liable to be removed. Donahoe's Magazine, Volume XV, No. 3 Volume XV (Jan 1886-Jul 1886) 2012-01-23T03:00:12.223Z The dense foliage provides shade and protection from desiccating effects of wind and sunlight; furthermore the foliage contributes moisture by transpiration. A Distributional Study of the Amphibians of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico 2011-12-31T03:00:17.400Z The epidermis is usually one cell layer thick; however, in plants that grow in very hot or very cold conditions, the epidermis may be several layers thick to protect against excessive water loss from transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Leaves.—The work of the leaves may briefly be stated to consist of the processes of nutrition, respiration and transpiration. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 7 "Horticulture" to "Hudson Bay" 2012-03-04T03:00:13.390Z This disease is frequently due to the excessive watering of pot plants with large root systems and deficient foliage, in hot-houses with a saturated atmosphere: it is, therefore, primarily referable to diminished transpiration. Disease in Plants 2012-03-01T03:00:22Z In the years 1846-1849 Graham resumed this inquiry; he now distinguished between diffusion, or the passage of gases through porous plates, and transpiration, or the passage of gases through capillary tubes. Heroes of Science Chemists 2011-12-09T03:00:21.047Z In the former habitat there are few trees to provide shade or moisture through transpiration; in the latter most of the trees lose their leaves during the dry season. A Distributional Study of the Amphibians of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico 2011-12-31T03:00:17.400Z Water potential and transpiration influence how water is transported through the xylem. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Although transpiration is a necessary accompaniment of nutrition, it may easily become excessive, especially where the plant cannot readily recoup itself. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 7 "Horticulture" to "Hudson Bay" 2012-03-04T03:00:13.390Z The consequent arrest of the transpiration current and the proper supply of nutriment to the cambium and cortex explain the phenomena. Disease in Plants 2012-03-01T03:00:22Z He showed that if a sufficiently large capillary tube be employed the rate of transpiration of a gas becomes constant, but that it is altogether different from the rate of diffusion of the same gas. Heroes of Science Chemists 2011-12-09T03:00:21.047Z "The experiments made on inferior animals, such as frogs, toads, salamanders, or fish, have demonstrated the waste by general transpiration to be, in twenty-four hours, little less than half the entire weight of the body." The American Reformed Cattle Doctor 2011-11-14T03:00:19.813Z Water vapor is lost to the external environment, increasing the rate of transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In these circumstances “syringing” and “damping down” are of value in cooling the temperature of the air in hothouses and greenhouses and increasing its humidity, thereby checking excessive transpiration. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 7 "Horticulture" to "Hudson Bay" 2012-03-04T03:00:13.390Z In many of these cases the dying-back of the twigs is expedited owing to the mycelium invading the medullary rays and wood vessels, and so obstructing the transpiration current. Disease in Plants 2012-03-01T03:00:22Z He found that dilution with water does not effect proportionate alteration in the transpiration velocities of different liquids, and a certain determinable degree of dilution retards the transpiration velocity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 3 "Gordon, Lord George" to "Grasses" 2011-11-13T03:00:13.177Z This is called transpiration in plants; in animals the term used is perspiration. Trees Worth Knowing 2011-10-13T02:00:48.357Z Water vapor is lost to the external environment, decreasing the rate of transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The coal soot falls in flakes like lamp-black, which covers the surface and obstructs the transpiration of the stomata, and thus seriously affects the health of plants in such situations. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z Yellowing accompanied by Wilting is a predominant symptom in most cases where transpiration is more active than root-absorption beyond a certain limit, as is well known in cases of prolonged drought. Disease in Plants 2012-03-01T03:00:22Z He also extended his work on the transpiration of gases to liquids, adopting the method of manipulation devised by J. L. M. Poiseuille. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 3 "Gordon, Lord George" to "Grasses" 2011-11-13T03:00:13.177Z With the cutting off of the water supply at the roots in late fall, transpiration is also cut off. Trees Worth Knowing 2011-10-13T02:00:48.357Z Water vapor enters the spaces in the mesophyll, increasing the rate of transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z More important results were obtained from the study of a class of phenomena corresponding to the transpiration of gases through India-rubber or metallic septa. Scientific Culture, and Other Essays Second Edition; with Additions 2011-09-17T02:00:31.747Z In one letter to Small, he tells him that he had found relief from the gout by exposing his naked foot, when he was in bed, and thereby promoting the process of transpiration. Benjamin Franklin; Self-Revealed, Volume I (of 2) A Biographical and Critical Study Based Mainly on his own Writings 2011-08-16T02:00:37.443Z Klebs has concluded that transpiration is the important factor in determining the formation of sporangia, while zygote-development depends on totally different conditions; these results have been called in question by Falck. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 3 "Frost" to "Fyzabad" 2011-08-15T02:00:28.473Z "Circuits must allow for transpiration and breathing," he says. 'Electronic Skin' Grafts Gadgets to Body 2011-08-11T19:01:00Z If the cells didn’t function, photosynthesis and transpiration would cease, which would interfere with the necessary continuous flow of water upward from roots to leaves. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This last class of phenomena Graham likewise investigated, and designated by the term "transpiration." Scientific Culture, and Other Essays Second Edition; with Additions 2011-09-17T02:00:31.747Z Occasionally, on the other hand, it is said to come from sitting on heavily cushioned chairs, particularly leather chairs which do not allow of much transpiration and cause a feeling of uncomfortable heat. Psychotherapy 2011-06-19T02:00:20.053Z But the cultured are prone to deny the manifestation of any events whose transpiration is not referable to the permission of some law whose operations are familiar. Witchcraft of New England Explained by Modern Spiritualism 2011-06-05T02:00:13.200Z In relation to this purer white, it must also be observed, that transpiration, which might soil it, appears to be much less abundant in woman; and that the liver or vein-relieving gland, is very large. Beauty Illustrated Chiefly by an Analysis and Classificatin of Beauty in Woman 2011-02-28T03:00:32.460Z The adaxial or upper surface receives more sunlight and water evaporates faster by transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Baulked of the one thing I really wanted, la transpiration. In the Mountains 2011-01-27T03:00:37.910Z The wearing of chamois garments is not, as a rule, advisable because chamois does not permit free access of air and it hampers transpiration. Psychotherapy 2011-06-19T02:00:20.053Z A vast amount of land has been cleared for development, that is, cities and monoculture farms, so land based photosynthesis and transpiration must have significantly decreased. 2010-01-17T23:02:00Z We need not follow Hales into his comparison between the “perspiration” of the sunflower and that of a man, nor into his other transpiration experiments on the cabbage, vine, apple, etc. Rustic Sounds and Other Studies in Literature and Natural History The energy driving transpiration is the difference in energy between the water in the soil and the water in the atmosphere. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z I longed to start my transpiration in case by any chance, if I stayed too long inactive and cool, I should notice how very silent and empty.... In the Mountains 2011-01-27T03:00:37.910Z The upper part of the leaf is so constructed as to bear the direct action of the sunshine; the lower so as to afford freer circulation of air, and to facilitate transpiration. The Elements of Botany For Beginners and For Schools There being transpiration through the skin, it would not be a bad idea to see whether this can not be in some way hindered. Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. V, October, 1850, Volume I. His book begins with the research for which he is best known, namely that on transpiration. Rustic Sounds and Other Studies in Literature and Natural History Up to 90 percent of the water taken up by roots may be lost through transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Again, many investigators have concluded that at least one function of the anthocyanin pigments is to absorb heat rays and so to increase transpiration and other chemical changes. The Chemistry of Plant Life It thrives in a warm atmosphere, even in a very hot one, provided that it is moist and that the transpiration is not in excess of the supply of water. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 5 "Cosway" to "Coucy" The Commissary of Police of Castel-le-G�chis was a large red Commissary, pimpled, and subject to a strong cutaneous transpiration. The Works of Robert Louis Stevenson - Swanston Edition Vol. 4 (of 25) They secrete an oily, unctuous substance, which mixes with the transpiration, and lubricates the skin. A Treatise on Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene (Revised Edition) Regulation of transpiration, therefore, is achieved primarily through the opening and closing of stomata on the leaf surface. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Why, madam, a blow like this would set a frog into a transpiration. The Works of Robert Louis Stevenson Swanston Edition Vol. 6 (of 25) This stream of water is truly its life current; it enters at the rootlets under the ground and escapes at the top through the leaves by a process called transpiration. Under the Maples This great degree of transpiration renders them more tolerant of heat, and less so of cold than the whites. The Best of the World's Classics, Restricted to Prose, Vol. IX (of X) - America - I Consequently, the apparel should be made of a material that will permit free transpiration from the skin, and likewise convey the excreted fluids from the surface. A Treatise on Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene (Revised Edition) When stomata are open, however, water vapor is lost to the external environment, increasing the rate of transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This trouble, known as edema, occurs when the soil is warmer than the air, or during periods of moist, warm, cloudy weather, which checks transpiration. Tomato Culture: A Practical Treatise on the Tomato This upward movement of water is very much increased, in the case of soil covered with vegetation, by the transpiration of the plants. Manures and the principles of manuring With several species the character is inconstant, apparently dependent on environment, and is a provision against too rapid transpiration. The Genus Pinus The pores will be obstructed, consequently transpiration impeded, and the influence of the skin as an excretory entirely prevented. A Treatise on Anatomy, Physiology, and Hygiene (Revised Edition) These adaptations impede air flow across the stomatal pore and reduce transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z And it has been found that green wood becomes lighter or contains less water in late spring or early summer, when transpiration through the foliage is most rapid. Seasoning of Wood This latter condition is accounted for by the enormous transpiration of water which takes place through the trees, especially in summer-time, which is such as to render the soil almost air-dry. Manures and the principles of manuring Functions of Plant Organs: Simple experiments illustrating roots as organs of absorption, stems as organs of transmission, and leaves as organs of respiration, transpiration, and food building. Ontario Teachers' Manuals: Nature Study This greater degree of transpiration renders them more tolerant of heat, and less of cold than the whites. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 3, 1918 If the cells didn’t function, photosynthesis would continue but transpiration would cease, which would interfere with the necessary continuous flow of water upward from roots to leaves. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In the Marchantiales the chief supply is obtained from the soil by the rhizoids, and its loss in transpiration is regulated and controlled. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" In order that the leaf-stalks might absorb chloroform I dipped their cut ends in chloroform-water, a certain amount of which they absorbed, the process being helped by the transpiration from the leaves. Response in the Living and Non-Living Loss of Soil Water By surface wash By percolation and leaching By evaporation By transpiration How to check these losses 53 VII. The First Book of Farming To prevent undue evaporation, the surface also is covered with a thick, shiny skin—a sort of vegetable macintosh, which effectually checks all unnecessary transpiration. Falling in Love With Other Essays on More Exact Branches of Science Photosynthesis and, in turn, transpiration, would not occur which is necessary to maintain a continuous flow of water upwards from the roots to the leaves. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The dorsiventral thallus is constructed on the same plan throughout the group, and shows a lower region composed of cells containing little chlorophyll and an upper stratum specialized for assimilation and transpiration. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Again, these leaves having a power of keeping themselves cool by their own transpiration, they impart no heat to the air by contact. Memoir, Correspondence, And Miscellanies, From The Papers Of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 2 As a result transpiration from the leaf may be excessive. The First Book of Farming The reason of this effect appears to be the violent change from a state of imbibing to a rapid transpiration of moisture. The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c. The abaxial or bottom surface receives more sunlight and water evaporates faster by transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z I never attempted to write poetry; my poetry seemed all to go off by transpiration. Tales of a Traveller For such is the necessary law of moral development and transpiration. Shakespeare: His Life, Art, And Characters, Volume I. With An Historical Sketch Of The Origin And Growth Of The Drama In England The remedy for this is to spray the leaves frequently so as to keep the air about them moist and so check transpiration. The First Book of Farming This greater degree of transpiration renders them more tolerant of heat, and less so of cold, than the whites. Travels in the United States of America Commencing in the Year 1793, and Ending in 1797. With the Author's Journals of his Two Voyages Across the Atlantic. Without transpiration, the plant could not pull water from the soil. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Because of the vegetable transpiration condensed by the coldness of the night. The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction Volume 19, No. 529, January 14, 1832 How can the laws of time and space, as involved in the transpiration of human character,—how can these be applied in a place where the mind is thus absolved from their proper jurisdiction? Shakespeare: His Life, Art, And Characters, Volume I. With An Historical Sketch Of The Origin And Growth Of The Drama In England We have considered after-cultivation as influencing soil fertility by checking a loss of water by evaporation and weed transpiration, and this is its main influence but other benefits follow. The First Book of Farming Exercise, he held, increases transpiration; transpiration shortens life; to live long, then, we need only remain perfectly still. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 03, No. 18, April, 1859 Without transpiration, the plant could not pull water from the soil. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Although sweat and other transpirations exhale through those pores, the blood never runs out that way. The Existence of God In short, their whole transpiration proceeds by the laws and from the blood of mutual membership. Shakespeare: His Life, Art, And Characters, Volume I. With An Historical Sketch Of The Origin And Growth Of The Drama In England It will be noticed that the plant not placed in the sunlight transpires very little moisture, showing that sunlight helps the leaves in this work of transpiration. The First Book of Farming The Commissary of Police of Castel-le-Gachis was a large red Commissary, pimpled, and subject to a strong cutaneous transpiration. New Arabian Nights What is the best explanation for the transpiration rates leveling off and declining at temperature higher than 27°C? Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The benefit derived is due to an increase of the insensible transpiration rather than to profuse perspiration. Arizona Sketches In other words, it is by his thorough at-homeness with human nature in the transpirations of individual character that he touches the general mind and heart. Shakespeare: His Life, Art, And Characters, Volume I. With An Historical Sketch Of The Origin And Growth Of The Drama In England If, then, we are careful to frequently spray the leaves of our house plants we will have very little trouble from aphis, red spider or over transpiration. The First Book of Farming Why, madam, a blow like this would set a frog into a transpiration. Merry Men Stomata close to conserve water, slowing down transpiration. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z If the puppies are numerous, and confined in close situations, the effluvia of their transpiration and fæcal discharges will often be productive of mange very difficult to be removed. The Dog It is commonly said that there is a great difference between the transpiration and evaporation of water in plants. Scientific American Supplement, No. 430, March 29, 1884 When dry, hot weather comes, the free water recedes, the upper soil dries out, and the roots cannot get sufficient water to supply the demands of transpiration, hence the curling and wilting of the leaves. The First Book of Farming Through the stomata, when open, free interchange may take place between the external air and that within the leaf, and thus transpiration be much facilitated. Outlines of Lessons in Botany, Part I; from Seed to Leaf Humidity is an environmental factor that affects transpiration rate. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The so-called thorns are in fact highly modified leaves which prevent loss of water through transpiration. Free from School M. Leclerc has very carefully examined this question, and he concludes that transpiration is only the simple evaporation of water. Scientific American Supplement, No. 430, March 29, 1884 To get the dirt and transpiration off one! Janice Meredith But if the trees are so scattered as not materially to reduce evaporation from the ground, the effect of transpiration in diminishing the moisture of the soil is readily shown. Outlines of Lessons in Botany, Part I; from Seed to Leaf One bit of evidence for the energy- equivalence model is the correlation of family-level diversity with actual evapotranspiration, the sum of water transferred by both transpiration and evaporation of surface water. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z More than all these—the wind dried up this transpiration, and prevented all moistness of the skin. The Physiology of Taste In a word, transpiration and evaporation is the same thing. Scientific American Supplement, No. 430, March 29, 1884 The temperature increase of itself, however, is not sufficient to cause transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall A condition of this kind accounts for a fatty transpiration through the skin when the Anthrax' sucker is at work. The Life of the fly; with which are interspersed some chapters of autobiography The basal leaves and lower part of the stiff stem, especially, are hairy, not to allow too free transpiration of precious moisture. Wild Flowers An Aid to Knowledge of Our Wild Flowers and Their Insect Visitors The sun heated us, and walking had increased transpiration. The Physiology of Taste Cleanliness, maintains free transpiration; it renews the air, refreshes the blood, and disposes even the mind to cheerfulness. The Ruins, or, Meditation on the Revolutions of Empires and the Law of Nature Very little is as yet known about the relative water requirements of crops on the basis of transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Deciduous trees shed their leaves so as to check their transpiration when a season comes on in which they cannot absorb the normal amount of moisture. The Story of Evolution Plants choosing such habitats as they have adopted, usually in tropical or semi-tropical regions, had to resort to various expedients to save loss of water through transpiration and evaporation. Wild Flowers An Aid to Knowledge of Our Wild Flowers and Their Insect Visitors While plants are growing, evaporation from plants, ordinarily called transpiration, continues. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Third, transpiration increases with the increase of air currents, which is to say, that on a windy day transpiration is much more rapid than on a quiet day. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall It must be admitted that the subject of transpiration is yet poorly understood, though it is one of the most important subjects in its applications to plant production in localities where water is scaree. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Some of the conditions influencing the transpiration may be enumerated as follows:— First, transpiration is influenced by the relative humidity. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall These leaves are smooth and green above, silvery on the under side, with fine white hairs, adapted for protection from excessive sunlight and too rapid transpiration of precious moisture. Wild Flowers An Aid to Knowledge of Our Wild Flowers and Their Insect Visitors The fact that transpiration is greater under a low relative humidity is of greatest importance to the dry-farmer who has to contend with the dry atmosphere. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Second, transpiration increases with the increase in temperature; that is, under conditions otherwise the same, transpiration is more rapid on a warm day than on a cold one. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall It should also be noted that nearly all of the above conditions influencing transpiration are beyond the control of the farmer. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Fourth, transpiration increases with the increase of direct sunlight. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Fifth, transpiration is decreased by the presence in the soil-water of large quantities of the substances which the plant needs for its food material. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Sixth, any mechanical vibration of the plant seems to have some effect upon the transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Moreover, the same crop grown under different conditions varies in its rate of transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Plant-food and transpiration It has been observed repeatedly by students of transpiration that the amount of water which actually evaporates from the leaves is varied materially by the substances held in solution by the soil-water. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Ninth, the vigor of growth of a crop appears to have a strong influence on transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall These questions arose very early in the period characterized by an active study of transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall From an economic point of view the important question is this: Does the plant when its rate of transpiration is reduced still grow with the same vigor? Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall If that be the case, then every effort should be made by the farmer to control and to diminish the rate of transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall There is some evaporation of water from the stems and branches of plants, but it is seldom more than a thirtieth or a fortieth of the total transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Even in the case of a peculiar soil on which ordinary cultivation did not reduce the direct evaporation, the effect upon the transpiration was very marked. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall It is necessary to consider in greater detail what takes place in leaves in order that we may more clearly understand the loss due to transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Tenth, the root system—its depth and manner of growth—influences the rate of transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall That is, transpiration depends upon the nature and concentration of soil solution. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Yet transpiration appears to be a process wholly necessary for plant life. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall The addition of commercial fertilizers to the soil will therefore diminish transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Fourthly, transpiration apparently influences plant growth and development in a number of ways not yet clearly understood. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall The fertilizing of lands with proper plant-foods, as shown in the last sections, tends to check transpiration and makes possible the production of dry matter at the lowest water-cost. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Further, Sorauer found, many years ago, that different varieties of the same crop possess very different rates of transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall This last mentioned value of transpiration is especially important in dry-farm districts, where, during the summer, the heat is often intense. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall The conditions above enumerated as influencing transpiration are nearly all of a physical character, and it must not be forgotten that they may all be annulled or changed by a physiological regulation. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall The principle that transpiration or the evaporation of water from the plants depends on the nature and concentration of the soil solution is of far-reaching importance in the development of a rational practice of dry-farming. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall However, Tschaplowitz, in 1878, investigated the subject and found that the increase in dry matter is greatest when the transpiration is the smallest. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Absorption To understand the methods for reducing transpiration, as proposed in this chapter, it is necessary to review briefly the manner in which plants take water from the soil. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall It is to the prevention of this transpiration that much investigation must be given by future students of dry-farming. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall It is an interesting observation that even with the same relative humidity, temperature, and wind, transpiration is reduced to a minimum during the night and increases manyfold during the day when direct sunlight is available. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Seventh, transpiration varies also with the age of the plant. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall As the plant grows older transpiration diminishes, and finally at the ripening stage it almost ceases. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall If varying the transpiration varies the growth, there would be no special advantage in reducing the transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall Transpiration for a pound of dry matter Is plant growth proportional to transpiration? Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall The experiments at the Utah Station, already referred to, bring out very strikingly the value of cultivation in reducing the transpiration. Dry-Farming : a System of Agriculture for Countries under a Low Rainfall |
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