| 单词 | subfamily |
| 例句 | It turns out that those three other subfamilies have coincident distributions, all of them tiny compared with the distribution of Malayo-Polynesian. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Collectively, the Bantu languages constitute only a single, low-order subfamily of the Niger-Congo language family. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z But one of those subfamilies, termed Malayo-Polynesian, comprises 945 of those 959 languages and covers almost the entire geographic range of the Austronesian family. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The whole Austronesian language family consists of 959 languages, divided among four subfamilies. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z At the one extreme, Mandarin and its relatives, which constitute the Chinese subfamily of the Sino-Tibetan language family, are distributed continuously from North to South China. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Even the Semitic subfamily itself is mainly African, 12 of its 19 surviving languages being confined to Ethiopia. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z A controversial minority view is that of the linguist Joseph Greenberg, who groups all Native American languages other than Eskimo-Aleut and Na-Dene languages into a single large family, termed Amerind, with about a dozen subfamilies. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Some of Greenberg’s subfamilies, and some groupings recognized by more-traditional linguists, may turn out to be legacies of New World population expansions driven in part by food production. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Most of the 176 other subfamilies are crammed into West Africa, a small fraction of the entire Niger-Congo range. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Today, after several thousand years Noruz is the cornerstone of all the Iranian subfamilies being from northern China or Bulgaria. Persian Cuisine, Fragrant and Rich With Symbolism 2016-04-19T04:00:00Z Even the assignment to the subfamily Larentiinae is not entirely secure and is based on a few features like wing venation. Mysterious new moth species discovered in Europe 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z Horticulturist Qiang Xu of Huazhong Agricultural University in China and his colleagues recently set out to map the evolutionary journey of the orange subfamily. We Finally Know Where Oranges and Lemons Come From 2023-10-11T04:00:00Z Importantly, this is the first enzymatic function reported for this subfamily of cytochrome P450. Tracking down the formation of cardenolides in plants 2023-09-18T04:00:00Z Gorillas, chimpanzees, humans, and human ancestors belong in the subfamily Homininae. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z It describes a large and geographically widespread subfamily of African languages that make up part of the larger Niger-Congo language family. World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z The researchers also detected pupal ‘milk’ in species from each of the five biggest ant subfamilies, suggesting that it could play a part in the evolution of ant social structures. Ants Can Produce Milk for Their Young (and Old) 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z Of the 130 kinase types in yeast, 97 belong to the 55 subfamilies of kinases that are found in other eukaryotic organisms. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z There were dozens of subfamilies distinguished by different types of teeth, diets and reproductive styles. How Mammals Conquered the World after the Asteroid Apocalypse 2022-05-17T04:00:00Z Like others in the Nephilinae subfamily, it is known for its webs of impressive structural stability, strong enough to entrap birds and even bats. The ultimate lovely legs competition: the world's nine most beautiful spiders 2019-03-06T05:00:00Z Bottom, a similar analysis was performed for the enrichment of repeat subfamilies in distal peaks. b, Middle, heat maps showing the ATAC-seq signals for stage-specific distal ATAC-seq peaks in human embryos. Chromatin analysis in human early development reveals epigenetic transition during ZGA 2018-05-01T04:00:00Z The accipitrid radiation is vast and complex and involves numerous groups conventionally identified as ’tribes’ or ‘subfamilies’. Raptors Once More (Raptors, Part 2) 2018-01-21T05:00:00Z The tyrosine kinases evolved before yeast diverged from other eukaryotes, but the other fifty-five subfamilies of kinases evolved after yeast diverged. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z PANTHER: a library of protein families and subfamilies indexed by function. Association analysis identifies 65 new breast cancer risk loci 2017-10-22T04:00:00Z Gene families were then subdivided into subfamilies for which KS estimates between members did not exceed a value of 5. The Apostasia genome and the evolution of orchids : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-12T04:00:00Z The orchid in question, from the subfamily, Apostasiodea, split off from modern species millions of years ago. Orchid gives up the secrets of its success 2017-09-13T04:00:00Z The amy1 subfamily shows the highest level of copy number extension. A chromosome conformation capture ordered sequence of the barley genome : Nature : Nature Research 2017-04-25T04:00:00Z Fifty-five subfamilies of kinases evolved before yeast diverged from other eukaryotes, but the tyrosine kinases evolved after yeast diverged. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Colours indicate the number of genes classified into each subfamily for each species. Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale genomes provide insights into malaria parasite evolution : Nature : Nature Research 2017-01-24T05:00:00Z These two Rab proteins are part of a subfamily that is implicated in trafficking to the lysosomes and to lysosome-like organelles. Defects in trafficking bridge Parkinson's disease pathology and genetics : Nature : Nature Research 2016-11-08T05:00:00Z The four Ford subfamilies — the grandparents and three siblings with spouses and children — rented three cars, not four, to ensure a steady change of seating arrangements as they drove from one destination to another. 3-Generation Family Trips Gain New Appeal but Can Bare Old Tensions 2016-03-01T05:00:00Z The amy1 subfamily shows the highest level of copy number extension. A chromosome conformation capture ordered sequence of the barley genome : Nature : Nature Research 2017-04-25T04:00:00Z Scientists say DNA analysis revealed that what were thought to be distant cousins should in fact be considered a subfamily. Scientists confirm armadillos' giant ancestor - BBC News 2016-02-24T05:00:00Z Colours indicate the number of genes classified into each subfamily for each species. Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale genomes provide insights into malaria parasite evolution : Nature : Nature Research 2017-01-24T05:00:00Z Now, researchers say they are not even a sister group, but a subfamily. Monstrous fossils 'were armadillos', says DNA evidence - BBC News 2016-02-22T05:00:00Z Gene families for which KS estimates between members did not exceed a value of 5 were subdivided into subfamilies. The genome of the seagrass Zostera marina reveals angiosperm adaptation to the sea : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-01-26T05:00:00Z Caleb Brown, a palaeontologist at the museum and co-author of the paper, says the animal looks “bizarre” and is the first to show evolutionary convergence in horn-like structures between different horned-dinosaur subfamilies. 'Bizarre' triceratops relative unearthed 2015-06-03T04:00:00Z The team started tweaking the flavour of the recipe by adding from a subfamily of hydrocarbons known as aromatics, beginning with benzene and followed by closely related chemicals. NASA Sniffs Out An Aromatic Molecule In Titan's Atmosphere 2014-06-16T04:00:00Z The researchers chose to study bees within the subfamily known as Xylocopinae - which included the carpenter bees. Dino impact 'also decimated bees' 2013-10-25T14:44:51Z Southern conifers belong to the Araucariaceae and Podocarpaceae families and the subfamily Callitroideae within the Cypress Family. Pesky Glaciers and Differing Geography Forced Faster Conifer Evolution in Northern Hemisphere 2012-12-11T19:45:00.463Z Free-living, non-myrmecophilous members of both subfamilies mostly inhabit tropical and temperate forest floors. The Bizarre, Beetle-Biased World of Social Insect Exploitation 2012-12-10T14:45:00.213Z In fact, snakes of the subfamily Natricinae, to which both and belong, seem to be remarkably resistant to a variety of toxins. Poisonous Snakes Can't Resist Toxic Toad Tucker...Or Can They? 2012-08-21T14:45:00.217Z Credit: magickcanoe.com The golden tortoise beetle, and some other species in its subfamily, is able to change colours due to an optical illusion. Glad you ditched the anal fork, Golden Tortoise Beetle 2012-07-04T19:15:05.643Z In the collection certain additional labels are required, viz, labels for the order, family, subfamily, genus, species, and sometimes variety. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z Horizontal lines indicate speciation times within the hominine subfamily and the sequence divergence time between human and orang-utan. Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence 2012-03-07T18:21:00.777Z The Dendrocolaptidæ fall into four subfamilies, all of which have representatives in Argentina. Argentine Ornithology, Volume I (of 2) A descriptive catalogue of the birds of the Argentine Republic. 2012-02-26T03:00:17.560Z A peculiar interest attaches to this species owing to the fact that it is the only freshwater Duck in the subfamily Fuligulinæ, in which it is classed. Argentine Ornithology, Volume II (of 2) A descriptive catalogue of the birds of the Argentine Republic. 2012-02-26T03:00:16.210Z Within this larger grouping a number of subfamilies have been identified. Shoshone-Bannock Subsistence and Society 2012-02-17T03:00:38.253Z The subfamily of curassows contains four genera and twelve species, all confined to South America, with the exception of Crax globicera—a Central American species, which extends northward into Mexico. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z Horizontal lines indicate speciation times within the hominine subfamily and the sequence divergence time between human and orang-utan. Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence 2012-03-07T18:21:00.777Z The Anseres—Lamellirostral, or soft-billed swimmers, such as the ducks, geese, swans and mergansers, comprising the one family, Anatidæ, which is divided into five subfamilies, with four of which we are concerned, viz.: Game Birds and Game Fishes of the Pacific Coast 2011-11-18T03:00:28.323Z It is certain, however, that at various times, both early and late in the evolution of the subfamily, representatives have crossed from Eurasia to North America or vice versa. The Baculum in Microtine Rodents 2011-11-17T03:00:33.777Z We have next to consider the birds forming the genus Podargus and those allied to it, whether they be regarded as a distinct family, or as a subfamily of Caprimulgidae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Two distinct subfamilies are included under this general head. Bird Neighbors An Introductory Acquaintance with One Hundred and Fifity Birds Commonly Found in the Gardens, Meadows, and Woods About Our Homes 2011-10-14T02:00:28.840Z Except that Conophis belongs to the subfamily xenodontinae and probably is of New World origin, little is known about the relationships of the genus. A Revision of Snakes of the Genus Conophis (Family Colubridae, from Middle America) 2011-09-25T02:00:14.967Z The grouse is a northern bird, extending into far colder regions than any other subfamily of the gallinaceous group. Game Birds and Game Fishes of the Pacific Coast 2011-11-18T03:00:28.323Z So gradual, however, is the transition that I find it difficult to decide in one instance to which of two genera, typical respectively of the two "subfamilies," a species should be assigned. Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa 2011-06-25T02:00:17.833Z The foregoing genera constitute the subfamily Equinae, or the Equidae as restricted by the older writers. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z The typical genus Dasypus, with several others, represents the subfamily Dasypodinae, which usually have all five toes developed and with nails, though the first and fifth may be suppressed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z In fact, insect vectors of Chagas disease parasites are "true bugs," of the order Hemiptera, family Reduviidae, subfamily Triatominae. Your views on cooling cap for chemotherapy and vector for tropical disease 2011-01-17T20:23:01Z Systematic division and evolution of the colubrid snake genus Natrix, with comments on the subfamily Natricinae. Some Reptiles and Amphibians from Korea 2011-01-15T03:00:35.760Z Among his contributions to ornithology was the relationship between the Australian Magpie, butcherbirds and currawongs in the family Cracticidae, now sunk as a subfamily into Artamidae. An Australian Bird Book A Pocket Book for Field Use 2010-12-31T03:00:10.497Z There is one peculiar subfamily, Todinae, represented by only four species of Todus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Slice 7 "Bible" to "Bisectrix" 2010-12-20T17:12:05.780Z Curiously, 16 of those 951 subfamilies were especially abundant in the plume samples compared to samples outside the plume. Study: Petroleum-eating microbes significantly reduced gulf oil plume 2010-08-24T17:44:00Z They say it belongs to the genus - subfamily - of the ferocious carnivore Tyrannosaurus Rex. Dinopolis 2010-05-11T23:26:00Z The third subfamily is the Antilopinae, the members of which have a much wider geographical range than either of the foregoing groups. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" He suggests, therefore, that the two groups of "tanager-finches" be made subfamilies of the Thraupidae and that a third subfamily be maintained for the more typical tanagers. Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae A Taxonomic Study Discussion.—Because of the great differences in endocranial structure between the Devonian and Pennsylvanian coelacanths, they are here placed in new subfamilies. A New Genus of Pennsylvania Fish (Crossoperygii, Coelacanthiformes) from Kansas The cockchafers and their near allies belong to the subfamily Melolonthinae, and the rose-chafers to the Cetoniinae; in both the beetles eat leaves, and their grubs spend a long life underground devouring roots. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The first section of the family, forming the subfamily Mustelinae, is typically characterized by the short and partially webbed toes, furnished with short, compressed, sharp, curved and often partially retractile claws. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" The subfamily is characterized by the narrow crowns of the molars, which are similar to those of sheep, and the hairy muzzle. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" Relatively few investigations, however, involving the comparative myology of the leg have been undertaken at family and subfamily levels. Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae A Taxonomic Study The group Odonata is divided into three families, and each of these again into two subfamilies. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama" All the species are peculiar, and about three-fourths of the whole belong to peculiar genera, fourteen of which constitute the subfamily Achatinellin�, entirely confined to this group of islands and constituting its most distinguishing feature. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras The skull bears a considerable resemblance to that of the next subfamily. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" In the first subfamily, Rhinolophinae, the first toe has two, and the other toes three phalanges each; and the ilio-pectineal spine is not connected by bone with the antero-inferior surface of the ilium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" Two major differences in patterns of leg-musculature, however, were found among the species studied, and these differences are significant since they are consistent between subfamilies. Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae A Taxonomic Study A second subfamily is represented by the Indian Platacanthomys and the Chinese Typhlomys, in which there are only three pairs of cheek-teeth; thus connecting the more typical members of the family with the Muridae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama" There are twenty-six species belonging to three genera, all endemic, and so extremely peculiar that they form two new subfamilies. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras The presence of two pairs of upper and one pair of lower incisors is characteristic of the members of the subfamily Cystophorinae, in which the teeth of the cheek-series are generally one-rooted. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" The next family, Nycteridae, which is also Old World, is a small one, nearly allied to the last, in which it is included by Prof. Max Weber as a subfamily under the name of Myadermatinae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" Minor differences in muscle pattern, like those already mentioned, are consistent also between subfamilies, but correlation of these minor differences with function is difficult. Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae A Taxonomic Study I suggest the recognition of the group as a subfamily. The Genera of Phyllomedusine Frogs (Anura Hylidae) In habits it may be taken as typical of the subfamily. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" The following distinct African and Malagasy generic representatives of the subfamily are recognized, viz. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" Most of the remaining members of the family are included in the subfamily Phyllostomatinae, characterized by the presence of a distinct nose-leaf and the warty chin. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" Specifically, in the Fringillidae and their allies, there seems to be little reason to doubt that genera, and even subfamilies, are natural groups. Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae A Taxonomic Study The fourth member of the Sittinae subfamily in America is the pigmy nuthatch, known scientifically as Sitta pygmaea, a genuine westerner, not known east of the plains. Our Bird Comrades Yet this region does not need to go begging for jays, only they belong to different groups of the Garrulinæ subfamily. Birds of the Rockies In the typical group, or subfamily Phocinae, the incisors are 3⁄2. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" The subfamily is divided into a number of groups or sections. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" He includes these subfamilies, therefore, in the Family Parulidae. Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae A Taxonomic Study Tribe: a term of classification less than a subfamily: opinionative and ending in ini: but this is not universally adhered to. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Like those of all the members of this subfamily, the eggs are blue, spotless, and commonly brilliantly glossy. The Nests and Eggs of Indian Birds, Volume 1 The subfamily and genus are characterized by possessing a total of 36 teeth, arranged as i. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" The family may be divided into two subfamilies, of which the Emballonurinae is characterized by the incomplete premaxillae, the presence of only one phalange in the index finger, and the short tail. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" The names of subfamilies that I have been unable to study are included in my classification and are placed in brackets. Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae A Taxonomic Study Gorals and serows belong to the subfamily Rupicaprinae which is an early mountain-living offshoot of the Bovidae; it also includes the chamois, takin, and the so-called Rocky Mountain goat of America. Camps and Trails in China A Narrative of Exploration, Adventure, and Sport in Little-Known China So that we here have many species descended from a single progenitor grouped into genera; and the genera into subfamilies, families and orders, all under one great class. The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, 6th Edition As a medium course, it may be regarded as the sole representative of a special subfamily—Cryptoproctinae—of the Viverridae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" The second or typical subfamily, Vespertilioninae, includes all the remaining members of the family with the exception of the aberrant Molossinae. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" But the amount of modification which the different groups have undergone has to be expressed by ranking them under different so-called genera, subfamilies, families, sections, orders, and classes. The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, 6th Edition Finally, with respect to the comparative value of the various groups of species, such as orders, suborders, families, subfamilies, and genera, they seem to be, at least at present, almost arbitrary. The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, 6th Edition |
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