Caffeine is a pro at mimicking a neurotransmitter called adenosine.

咖啡因是一种能够像“腺苷”神经递质一样在神经细胞间传递信息。

In fact, caffeine works by blocking adenosine's receptor pathways.

事实上，咖啡因是靠阻断接受腺苷的感知器官来实现其作用的。

But because it's not adenosine, the" sleepiness" effect isn't felt.

但是，由于咖啡因不是腺苷，所以再怎么积聚你都不会感觉到有睡意。

Firstly, caffeine blocks the receptors in the body for a compound called adenosine.

首先，咖啡因会阻断体内对腺苷化合物的受体。

There are four bases: adenosine, thymine, cytosin, and guanine.

腺苷、胸腺嘧啶、胞嘧啶和鸟嘌呤。

No, no, no, it only stops your heart for six seconds...-Meredith, it's adenosine.

不，不，不，这个只会停住你心跳6秒... -Meredith，是腺苷。

So caffeine stops adenosine from doing its thing, while some stimulating neurotransmitters are still around.

所以说咖啡因抑制了腺苷酸执行它的职责，然而那些兴奋的神经传导物质依然在周围。

So the caffeine doesn't even need to compete with the adenosine to fit into those receptors.

所以咖啡因不用和腺嘌呤核苷竞争受体。

As adenosine builds up, it increases the urge to sleep, also known as sleep pressure.

当腺苷累积起来的时候，它增加了困倦感，也就是睡眠压力。

But it turns out that the caffeine in your coffee is incredibly similar to adenosine in structure.

而咖啡中的咖啡因与腺苷的化学结构非常相似。

Whenever you're awake, a chemical called adenosine slowly accumulates in your brain.

当你清醒时，一种叫腺苷的化学激素慢慢在大脑累积。

Her heart rate dropped when you administered the adenosine.

你给予腺苷后 她的心率下来了。

Lift up his arm. The nurses always lift the arm when they push adenosine. it gets to the heart faster.

举起他的胳膊，护士在注射腺苷的时候都是举起胳膊的。这样才会很快到达心脏。

This protein in turn leads to an overproduction of the intracellular secondary messenger protein, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, or simply cAMP.

然后此蛋白再过度激活一种叫做cAMP的细胞内第二信使。

And 6 hours after that, you'll have 37.5mg, leaving more room for adenosine to jump back into action.

在这之后的6小时里，将会剩余37.5毫克的咖啡因，留下更多空间让腺苷得以重新行动。

In the process, it liberates adenosine, ATP's chemical backbone.

在这个过程中，它释放出 ATP 的化学骨架腺苷。

Give her six milligrams of adenosine.

- 给她六毫克腺苷。

Under normal circumstances, adenosine triggers these receptors and it produces a feeling of relaxation and even drowsiness for some people.

在正常情况下，腺苷会触发这些受体，让一些人产生放松甚至困倦的感觉。

ATP, adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy producing molecule inside the body.

ATP，三磷酸腺苷， 是体内产生能量的分子。

But this is the first time that I've given adenosine to a panda.

但这是我第一次给熊猫喂腺苷。