But now they are doing their best to snap up every branch of trade and ruin their neighbours.

但现在他们正在尽最大努力抢购每一个行业并毁掉他们的邻居。

Bounties, it is allowed, ought to be given to those branches of trade only which cannot be carried on without them.

赏金是允许的，只应该给予那些没有它们就无法进行的贸易部门。

The regulations, however, by which this derangement is effected in those two different branches of trade, are not altogether the same.

然而，在这两个不同的行业中造成这种混乱的规则并不完全相同。

The different rates of profit, therefore, in the different branches of trade, cannot arise from the different degrees of trust reposed in the traders.

因此，不同贸易部门的利润率不同，不可能产生于对贸易商的信任程度不同。

In some countries, extraordinary taxes are imposed upon the profits of stock; sometimes when employed in particular branches of trade, and sometimes when employed in agriculture.

在一些国家，对股票利润征收特别税；有时受雇于特定的贸易部门，有时受雇于农业。

But, by lessening the competition of capitals in that branch of trade, it necessarily raised the rate of profit in that branch.

但是，通过减少该行业资本的竞争， 它必然会提高该行业的利润率。

By lessening, too, the competition of British capitals in all other branches of trade, it necessarily raised the rate of British profit in all those other branches.

通过减少英国资本在所有其他贸易部门的竞争， 它必然提高所有其他贸易部门的英国利润率。

Each of those different branches of trade, however, is not only advantageous, but necessary and unavoidable, when the course of things, without any constraint or violence, naturally introduces it.

然而，当事物的进程在没有任何限制或暴力的情况下自然引入时，这些不同的贸易部门中的每一个不仅是有利的，而且是必要的和不可避免的。

Every such branch is evidently upon a level with all the other branches of trade which are carried on without bounties, and cannot, therefore, require one more than they.

显然，每一个这样的部门都与所有其他没有奖金的贸易部门处于同一水平，因此不能比他们多要求一个。

Over and above the expenses which are common to every branch of trade, such as the expense of house-rent, the wages of servants, clerks, accountants, etc.

除了房租、仆人、办事员、会计师等的工资等各行各业共有的费用外，还有其他费用。

Both in the one way and in the other, it must evidently have subjected Great Britain to a relative disadvantage in all those other branches of trade.

无论从哪个方面来说，它显然都使英国在所有其他贸易部门中处于相对不利的地位。

The interest of the dealers, however, in any particular branch of trade or manufactures, is always in some respects different from, and even opposite to, that of the public.

然而，在任何特定的贸易或制造部门， 经销商的利益在某些方面总是与公众的利益不同， 甚至相反。

In those other branches of trade, it has diminished the competition of British capitals, and thereby raised the rate of British profit higher than it otherwise would have been.

在其他贸易部门，它减少了英国资本的竞争，从而提高了英国的利润率，使其高于原本应有的水平。

The wages of labour have been continually increasing during the same period, and, in the greater part of the different branches of trade and manufactures, the profits of stock have been diminishing.

劳动工资在同一时期不断增加， 而在大部分不同的贸易和制造业部门， 资本利润一直在减少。

In general, if any branch of trade, or any division of labour, be advantageous to the public, the freer and more general the competition, it will always be the more so.

一般而言，如果任何贸易部门或任何劳动分工对公众有利，则竞争越自由、越普遍，它就会越有利。

The great stocks employed in every branch of trade, and the number of rich competitors, generally reduce the rate of profit in the former below what it is in the latter.

各行各业所使用的大量股票和富有的竞争者的数量， 通常使前者的利润率低于后者的利润率。

This superiority of profit in the colony trade could not fail to draw from other branches of trade a part of the capital which had before been employed in them.

殖民地贸易的这种利润优势不能不从其他贸易部门抽出一部分以前用于这些部门的资本。

Princes, however, have frequently engaged in many other mercantile projects, and have been willing, like private persons, to mend their fortunes, by becoming adventurers in the common branches of trade. They have scarce ever succeeded.

然而，王子们经常从事许多其他商业项目，并且愿意像普通人一样，通过成为普通贸易部门的冒险家来弥补自己的命运。他们几乎没有成功过。

This argument, however, if it proved any thing at all, would prove that no one great branch of trade could be carried on without an exclusive company, which is contrary to the experience of all nations.

然而，这个论点，如果它能证明任何事情的话，将证明任何一个重要的贸易部门都不能在没有一家专营公司的情况下进行，这与所有国家的经验相反。

They are so accordingly. The difference between the earnings of a common labourer and those of a well employed lawyer or physician, is evidently much greater than that between the ordinary profits in any two different branches of trade.

他们就是这样。普通劳动者的收入与受雇良好的律师或医生的收入之间的差异，显然比任何两个不同行业的普通利润之间的差异要大得多。