In the Renaissance, after the invention of printing, rhetorical principles were applied on a large scale to written discourse.

文艺复兴时期，印刷术发明后，修辞原则被大量应用于书面语篇。

Skill in public speaking or written discourse were the major ways for someone to get ahead in the courts, the forum and the church.

在法庭、讲坛和教会中，演讲或书面演讲技巧是一个人获得成功的主要途径。