Water moving downhill carries the weathered material and erodes the landscape, carving out deep valleys and jagged peaks.

沿着山坡留下的水卷携被风化的物质腐蚀地面，雕刻出幽深的山谷和参差的山峰。

Researchers can study the garbage left on the moon to see how its materials weathered the radiation and vacuum of space over time.

研究人员可以通过研究遗留在月球上的垃圾，观察其材料是如何在时间的流逝中经受住太空的辐射和真空环境的影响。

According to the passage, scientists are able to discover weathered material on the Martian surface because they have benefited from which of the following?

根据文章，科学家能够在火星表面发现被风化的物质是因为他们受益于下列哪一项？