The EU has required UBO registers since 2018, and America since 2020.

欧盟自 2018 年起要求 UBO 登记，美国自 2020 年起要求。

After a law passed in 2016 forced them to disclose their UBOs, new partnerships dried up (see chart).

在 2016 年通过的一项法律迫使他们披露他们的最终受益人后，新的合作伙伴关系枯竭了（见图表）。

UBO registries are a crucial tool in enforcing international sanctions against Russia and others.

UBO 登记处是对俄罗斯和其他国家实施国际制裁的重要工具。

A good tool to fight this are ultimate-beneficial ownership (UBO) registries, where corporations must declare which human beings control them and receive their profits.

解决这个问题的一个好工具是最终受益所有权 (UBO) 注册，公司必须在其中声明哪些人控制他们并获得他们的利润。

Any new system will probably let banks use UBO registries, and the court says governments should consider granting access to journalists and civil-society organisations.

任何新系统都可能允许银行使用 UBO 登记处，法院表示政府应考虑向记者和民间社会组织授予访问权限。