The actual study was disguised as a fake study that was said to be testing the effects of punishment on learning.

实际的研究被伪装成其他的虚假研究，谎称实验是为了测试惩罚对学习的影响。

Specifically, they were testing the effects of administering electric shocks on a learner's ability to memorize a list of word pairs.

准确来说，他们在测试电击对学习者记忆一系列单词对的能力是否有影响。

We know micro-gravity is hard on a body, and this mission is largely about testing the physical effects of being weightless for so long.

我们知道微重力对身体来说很难，这项任务主要是为了测试长时间失重对身体的影响。

They were testing " the demand effect" or the idea that the new buildings increase demand for the neighborhood which in turn causes rent hikes that force people to leave.

他们在测试“需求效应”，即新建筑增加了社区的需求，进而导致租金上涨，迫使人们离开。

In this situation where we're really just testing to see if it had an effect, whether an extreme positive effect, or an extreme negative effect, would have both been considered an effect.

在这种情况下，我们真的只是在测试它是否有影响，无论是极端积极的影响还是极端消极的影响，都会被认为是一种影响。