For  the most part, Europe was in constant turmoil over suzerainty, that is, who was beholden to whom and  who owed allegiance to whom.

在很大程度上，欧洲在宗主权问题上一直处于动荡之中，即谁对谁负有责任，谁对谁效忠。

British attempts to impose suzerainty on the  Transvaal Republic resulted in the First Boer War, during which British Colonial authorities were  comprehensively expelled from their occupation.

英国试图对德兰士瓦共和国实行宗主权， 导致了第一次布尔战争，在此期间英国殖民当局被全面驱逐出其占领地。

The London  Convention of 1884 rewrote the relationship with the Transvaal Republic, keeping Stellaland and  Goshen firmly outside of Transvaal influence, securing the road northward for the British – in  return for scrapping imperial suzerainty over the Republic.

1884 年的伦敦公约改写了与德兰士瓦共和国的关系，将斯特拉兰和戈申牢牢排除在德兰士瓦的影响之外，确保了英国人向北的道路 — — 作为交换， 英国放弃了帝国对共和国的宗主权。