The sciatic nerve is the longest and widest nerve in the body.

坐骨神经是人体最长最宽的神经。

These two nerves are bond together by connective tissue and make up the sciatic nerve.

这两条神经由结缔组织连接在一起，共同形成坐骨神经。

The sciatic nerve innervates the muscles in the back of the thigh.

坐骨神经支配大腿后部的肌肉。

Non-spinal causes occur outside of the spinal region and cause compression or damage to the sciatic nerve itself.

非脊柱性病因发生在脊髓区域之外，对坐骨神经本身造成压迫或损伤。

Sciatica occurs when there's irritation to any part of the sciatic nerve or the spinal nerves that form it.

坐骨神经痛发生在坐骨神经或其任何一部分受到刺激时。

When sitting, the fetal head presses down on the sciatic nerve, on the area just before it exits the pelvis.

当孕妇坐下时，胎头正好在坐骨神经离开骨盆处压迫神经。

So when they sit down, these objects put pressure on the gluteus muscles, which can compress the sciatic nerve, causing sciatica.

所以当他们坐下时，这些物体会对臀肌施加压力，这可导致坐骨神经受压迫，引起坐骨神经痛。

Since the pain is associated with injury or compression of the sciatic nerve, and follows the path of the sciatic nerve, it makes sense to name it sciatica.

由于疼痛与坐骨神经损伤或压迫有关，并沿着坐骨神经的路径，所以命名为坐骨神经痛。

The sciatic nerve then passes beneath the piriformis muscle, and through the greater sciatic foramen, which is an opening formed by the pelvic bone, sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments.

随后，坐骨神经从下方经过梨状肌，并穿过坐骨大孔；坐骨大孔是由骨盆、骶棘韧带和骶结节韧带共同围成的通道。

It is caused by irritation or damage to the sciatic nerve and spinal nerve roots of sacral plexus, most commonly, as a result of disc herniation.

它是由于坐骨神经或骶神经丛的脊神经根受到刺激或损伤引起的，最常见的病因是继发于椎间盘突出。

The piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve are very close to each other, so, if the piriformis muscle gets irritated, it can cause muscle inflammation or muscle spasms that can compress the sciatic nerve.

梨状肌和坐骨神经非常接近，所以，如果梨状肌受到刺激，会导致肌肉炎症或痉挛，从而压迫坐骨神经。