When something causes an increased expression of degradative enzymes, then the balance tips toward a net loss of cartilage, via loss of proteoglycans and collagen.

当某些因素导致分解酶表达增加时，蛋白聚糖和胶原纤维的损失使得平衡倾向于软骨净损失。

They initially start making less of the proteoglycans and more Type II collagen, but soon switch over to making a different collagen type, type I collagen.

他们最开始形成少量的蛋白聚糖和更多的二型胶原，将很快转向产生另一类胶原：一型胶原。

Unfortunately, type I collagen doesn't interact with the proteoglycans in the same way and there is an overall decrease in elasticity in the cartilage matrix, allowing it to breakdown.

不幸的是，一型胶原并不能和蛋白聚糖正常地相互作用，导致软骨基质整体弹性减弱，容易分解。

The anchors of this framework are proteins called proteoglycans. And from each one sprouts lots and lots of long, starchy strands called glycosaminoglycans, or GAGs, radiating out from those proteins like brush bristles.

这个构架的支柱是蛋白质蛋白聚糖，并从每一个蛋白聚糖中长出许多称为糖胺聚糖或 GAG 的长淀粉链，从这些蛋白质中辐射出来，就像刷毛一样。