The mutations lead to an altered hamartin-tuberin protein complex that's unable to switch off mTOR.

这些突变导致hamartin-tuberin蛋白复合物发生变化，从而不能抑制mTOR。

So when mTOR is switched off by the hamartin-tuberin protein complex, it slows growth and division of cells throughout the body.

所以，当mTOR被hamartin-tuberin蛋白复合物抑制时，体内细胞增殖和分裂的速度会减慢。

Hemoglobin is a complex protein that is contained within our red blood cells.

血红蛋白是一种复杂的蛋白质，包含在我们的红细胞中。

This alternate source of transportation is hemoglobin, which is a complex protein contained within our red blood cells.

这种运输的另一种来源是血红蛋白，它是一种包含在红细胞内的复杂蛋白质。

They do this by combining to form a hamartin-tuberin protein complex, which binds to and inhibit another protein called mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin, or mTOR.

这两个蛋白结合在一起，形成hamartin-tuberin蛋白复合体；并与另一种蛋白：雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）结合并抑制它。

Our red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which is a complex protein that carries the oxygen from our lungs to the metabolizing tissues.

我们的红细胞含有血红蛋白，血红蛋白是一种复杂的蛋白质，可将氧气从我们的肺部运送到代谢组织。

First, a protein complex called MRN binds to each end of the broken DNA and recruits Exonucleases that remove nucleotides from one strand of the DNA.

首先，MRN这种蛋白复合体会结合到断裂的DNA末端，并招募核酸外切酶切掉DNA其中一条链上的核苷酸。

The most common type is Non-Homologous End Joining where a protein complex called DNA protein kinase begins by binding to each end of the broken DNA.

最常见的类型是非同源末端连接：一个叫做DNA蛋白激酶的蛋白质复合体首先会结合到断裂的DNA末端。

However, after we have finished breast or formula feeding, most of us don't continue producing the complex proteins in our body, which are necessary to break down the lactose.

然而，在经历完母乳喂养或奶粉喂养后，我们大多数人体内都不会继续产生分解乳糖所必需的复合蛋白质。

In addition to those two, genetic mutations in other genes are responsible for several dozen other muscular dystrophies, some of which code for proteins that form a protein complex with dystrophin protein.

除了这两种疾病，其它基因的突变导致了其它几十种肌营养不良，其中一些基因编码形成抗肌萎缩蛋白相关蛋白复合体的蛋白质。