In biology, thanks in part to pleiotropy, the rules are not fully known-and may never be.

在生物学中，由于基因多效性的原因，其规则还未被完全了解——并且可能永远都不会被了解。

The phenomenon Cohen is describing is " pleiotropy, " the capacity of a single gene to have multiple, seemingly unrelated effects.

科恩描述的这一现象是“基因多效性”，一个基因具有多个看似无关影响的能力。

Complicated diseases are confluences of numerous effects, because pleiotropy means that any given protein can act at different points in the body.

复杂的疾病是多种影响的汇合，因为基因多效性意味着任何给定蛋白质都可以在身体的不同部位起作用。