However, there could be other reasons, such as  horizontal wind shear; convection, which is the exchange of matter or temperature between fluid  bodies; or atmospheric gravity waves.

然而，可能还有其他原因， 例如水平风切变；对流，即流体之间的物质或温度交换；或大气重力波。

The January 15th eruption was so powerful that space satellites not only captured the clouds of ash but also an atmospheric shock wave from the volcano close to the speed of sound.

1月15日的火山爆发太过强大，以至于太空卫星不仅捕捉到了火山灰云，而且还捕捉到了来自火山的大气冲击波，其速度接近音速。