In an investigative experiment, Pavlov was able to demonstrate in dogs that salivation could be started by non-food stimuli such as bells, buzzers, and tones.

在一项调查性实验中，巴甫洛夫在狗身上证明了唾液可以由非食物刺激物（如铃声、蜂鸣器和音调）开始分泌。