In the past fifty years the waters around it have warmed by 2.5 degrees centigrade, and collapses have increased dramatically.

在过去50年的时间内，南极洲周围水域的温度增加了2.5摄氏度，冰盏塌陷已经大大加剧。

Trouble is, the field of neuroscience has advanced a lot in the past fifty years.

问题是，神经科学领域在过去五十年里取得了很大进步。

In the past fifty years, China's pharmaceutical industry has grown from nothing into a booming industry. When the PRC was established in 1949, China's basic pharmaceutical industries were very weak.

在过去的50年里，中国的医药业实现了从低潮到繁荣的转变。尽管1949年建国时，中国的医药业还都十分薄弱。