A " managed health plan" is a general term for HMOs and PPOs.

“管理健康计划”是 HMO 和 PPO 的总称。

HMOs, which are known to have anti-inflammatory effects, may be partly responsible.

已知具有抗炎作用的 HMO 可能要承担部分责任。

This single microbe can make up 90% of the bacterial population in an infant's gut, and it loves to eat HMOs.

这种单一的微生物占婴儿肠道细菌总数的90%，它喜欢吃HMO。

That has led to the idea that HMOs could be used as therapeutics for diseases that involve inflammation.

这导致人们想到 HMO 可以作为治疗炎症相关疾病的药物。

Looks like there's no record of a fox river medical practice on our list of participating hmos or ppos.

代理的卫生组织或是首选供应商 列表上好像没有福克斯河药业的记录。

Because Bifidobacteria feed on HMOs, the sugar molecules could help beneficial bugs proliferate.

由于双歧杆菌以 HMO 为食，糖分子可以帮助有益细菌增殖。

After water, its most abundant components are lactose; fatty compounds known as lipids; and sugar molecules called human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs).

除了水之外，其最丰富的成分是乳糖、被称为脂质的脂肪化合物以及被称为母乳寡糖 (HMO) 的糖分子。

We can pick between HMOs and PPOs, and I have been with the same managed health plan for the past few years.

我们可以在 HMO 和 PPO 之间做出选择，过去几年我一直在使用相同的管理健康计划。

Some of the nation's largest HMOs, including Aetna U.S. Healthcare and Prudential Healthcare have begun cutting back or eliminating compensation for both pills.

国家的一些健康维护组织，包括美国的健康保护组织和宝德信健康保护组织已经开始削减或者取消对两种片剂的补偿。

Whatever their benefits, such formulas remain far simpler than the milk breastfed babies receive, which contains dozens of HMOs.

无论这些配方奶粉有哪些好处， 它们仍然比母乳喂养婴儿的牛奶简单得多，母乳喂养的牛奶中含有几十种 HMO。

If scientists can build on the apparent success of HMOs, however, that would be cause for optimism.

然而，如果科学家能够在 HMO 明显的成功基础上再接再厉，那将是令人乐观的理由。

Among the most important constituents of breast milk are human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), a group of around 200 indigestible carbohydrates unique to humans.

母乳中最重要的成分是人乳低聚糖 (HMO)，这是一类约 200 种人类独有的不可消化碳水化合物。

Formulas with six HMOs are now becoming available to consumers in certain places, such as Hong Kong, and more are on the way.

目前，含有六种 HMO 的配方奶粉已在某些地区（如香港）向消费者推出，而且还有更多配方奶粉即将面市。

Recent trials of HMOs as therapy for this condition—though either small-scale or lacking control groups—have suggested that they are safe, well-tolerated and can improve symptoms.

最近对 HMO 治疗这种疾病的试验（尽管规模较小或缺乏对照组）表明，它们是安全的、耐受性良好的并且可以改善症状。

Dr Bode says that in other experiments with mice, the results of which are yet to be published, HMOs have shown promise in treating arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

博德博士表示，在其他小鼠实验中（其结果尚未公布），HMO 已显示出治疗关节炎和多发性硬化症的前景。

Scientists have long known that babies fed breast milk have healthier microbiomes thanks to HMOs and, depending on the mix in their mother's milk, less diarrhoea.

科学家早就知道， 母乳喂养的婴儿由于摄入了 HMO 而拥有更健康的微生物群，而且根据母乳中的混合物，腹泻的发生率也会降低。

Instead of troublesome chemical synthesis, they turned to microbial cell factories, in which vats of genetically tweaked bacteria turn lactose, a common milk sugar, into HMOs.

他们没有采用麻烦的化学合成方法，而是利用微生物细胞工厂，在其中大桶经过基因改造的细菌将乳糖（一种常见的乳糖）转化为 HMO。

In June scientists led by Patrick Shih at the University of California in Berkeley engineered a tobacco-like plant to produce at least a dozen HMOs in its leaves.

今年 6 月，加州大学伯克利分校的帕特里克·施（Patrick Shih）领导的科学家们对一种类烟草植物进行了基因改造，使其叶子中能够产生至少十几种 HMO。

Also, within the Medicare program, if you were in the Medicare Advantage program, which is the HMOs and PPOs, that side of Medicare, as opposed to the free-for-service program, there were different rates of growth in the program.

此外，在 Medicare 计划中，如果你在 Medicare Advantage 计划中，即 HMO 和 PPO，即 Medicare 的那一侧，而不是免费服务计划，则该计划的增长率不同。

Prolacta Bioscience, a biotech firm in California, is conducting a clinical trial of one sub-species called B. infantis, combined with HMOs, in adults undergoing bone-marrow transplants for blood cancer (a procedure that wipes out the immune system).

加州的一家生物技术公司 Prolacta Bioscience 正在对一种名为 B. infantis 的亚种与 HMO 结合进行临床试验，试验对象为接受骨髓移植治疗血癌（一种消灭免疫系统的程序）的成年人。