Kind of like giving a test to a student when we already know the answers.

有点像在已知答案的情况下给学生一个测试。

You use this when, let's say I'm going to give a test, okay?

当你要考试的时候可以这么说。

The dogs were all given a test measuring their degree of enthusiasm for a game of tug-of-war with people.

这些狗都接受了一项测试，以衡量它们对与人进行拔河比赛的热情程度。

When Asian-American women are given a test and they're asked to mark down their race, they do better than they would otherwise do.

美籍亚裔女性考试时按要求写下种族，会比不写考得更好。

The way act of acknowledging that their African-American when given a test ignites in them thoughts of their own stereotype, which is negative, regarding makes them do worse.

单单是这个让他注明自己是非裔美国人的举动，就会引他想到自己种族给人留下的固有印象：不擅长学习，这让他们的表现更糟糕。

The very act of acknowledging that they are African-American when given a test ignites in them thoughts of their own stereotype, which is negative regarding academics and that makes them do worse.

他们考试时承认自己是美国黑人，恰是这一行为激发了内心关于黑人的刻板印象，认为黑人学术水平不行，从而导致他们考得差。