But shortly afterwards, China's central bank established a domestic competitor, China UnionPay, and gave it a de facto monopoly over the handling of local-currency payments between merchants and banks.

但是入关后不久，中国的央行在国内建立起一个机构--中国银联。并且给予它事实上的垄断权力来全权处理商人和银行之间的人民币支付业务。